Imaging Informatics Research Articles

“Other and More”: Indian Ocean Literature and the Archipelagic Discourse of the Caribbean

In his 1992 Nobel Prize acceptance speech, Derek Walcott imagines the broken vase and the subsequent reassemblage of its “African and Asiatic” fragments as a metaphor for Caribbean art forms, especially poetry. His vision of the particular archipelagic form of art that is invested in remaking from fragments, while specific to the Caribbean, is also visible in writing from other archipelagic spaces in the Indian Ocean. This article connects the Caribbean concept of the archipelago to the Indian Ocean through an analysis of the way Yvonne Adhiambo Owuor's The Dragonfly Sea (2018) and Amitav Ghosh's The Hungry Tide (2005) each present the littoral island spaces of the Indian Ocean. These texts construct alternatives to the possessive ontology of global capital through their articulation of the unique ontology and aesthetics of the Indian Ocean archipelago, borne out of the specificity of the littoral and its association with permeability, symbiosis, and a “back and forth” mirroring the tides themselves. The article argues that while Owuor's novel, like Walcott, is invested in the ontology and aesthetics of the archipelago as transformative and resistant, Ghosh's novel can be read with Braithwaite's concept of tidalectics as well as Glissant's creolization, to similarly depict the ontology and aesthetics of the archipelago as emerging out of fluidity and change rather than linearity or stasis.

ANALISIS TES KETERAMPILAN BERSASTRA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYYAH

<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>The literary proficiency test in learning the Arabic language does not stand alone, but rather has a small part in the test of learning the Arabic language. At the same time, literature tests should be conducted to determine students' in-depth understanding of the Arabic language. With literary activities, students will be trained in Arabic language skills including istima', kalam, kitabah, qira'ah. The purpose of this article is to learn about the basic concepts of literature, learn about literature in learning the Arabic language, and learn about literary proficiency tests in learning the Arabic language. This article specifically discusses literary proficiency tests in assessing Arabic language learning. The article method used is desk research which takes data sources from literary theories. The results of the discussion show that (1) Literature is the expression of human thoughts, ideas, experiences and feelings through written or oral works in an imaginative form that is conveyed by exalting the value of beauty. (2) Literary activities in learning the Arabic language can be classified into four stages, which are information, concept, perspective, and appreciation. (3) The literary proficiency test tool is the same as the verbal and linguistic proficiency test tool, and differs only in content. The answers asked by test questions can consist of choosing answers and compiling your own answers. The contents of this material also make it easier for teachers to prepare and develop literary proficiency tests in learning the Arabic language.</em><em></em></p>

A Guideline for Open-Source Tools to Make Medical Imaging Data Ready for Artificial Intelligence Applications: A Society of Imaging Informatics in Medicine (SIIM) Survey

In recent years, the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medical imaging has become increasingly prominent, with the majority of AI applications approved by the FDA being in imaging and radiology in 2023. The surge in AI model development to tackle clinical challenges underscores the necessity for preparing high-quality medical imaging data. Proper data preparation is crucial as it fosters the creation of standardized and reproducible AI models while minimizing biases. Data curation transforms raw data into a valuable, organized, and dependable resource and is a fundamental process to the success of machine learning and analytical projects. Considering the plethora of available tools for data curation in different stages, it is crucial to stay informed about the most relevant tools within specific research areas. In the current work, we propose a descriptive outline for different steps of data curation while we furnish compilations of tools collected from a survey applied among members of the Society of Imaging Informatics (SIIM) for each of these stages. This collection has the potential to enhance the decision-making process for researchers as they select the most appropriate tool for their specific tasks.

A Cognitive Approach to Maladaptive Daydreaming.

Maladaptive daydreaming (MDD) is a mental activity that develops from unconscious material but differs from normal daydreaming in terms of experience, content, quantity, control, distress, and interference with everyday living. Dreaming often involves fantasizing about an idealized self, which includes motifs of companionship, romance, and compensatory scripts like power, escape, and rescue. The MDD is understood as a form of unusual imagination that is vivid and addictive but impedes academic and occupational responsibilities. Individuals report narratives that feature their idealized selves or characters, which are conflicting but rewarding, thus resulting in repetitive episodes of MDD. The present study explored the phenomenon of MDD and evaluated the clinical effectiveness of a single case intervention study of a 24-year-old male with MDD. The patient was assessed using the MDD Scale (MDS-16). The data were collected at baseline and treatment termination. The intervention for the patient was conducted in four phases: building coping skills, behavior modification, cognitive restructuring, and relapse prevention. The data analysis showed a decrease in scores between baseline (66) and treatment termination (32), below the cut-off of 40, indicating a significant reduction in the symptoms. MDD is associated with emotional and functional distress. A tailor-made cognitive approach to the intervention effectively reduced the symptoms of MDD.

Современные способы развития познавательной активности детей дошкольного возраста на занятиях по изобразительному искусству

This article examines the use of gaming technologies in the development of cognitive activity of preschool children using the example of the introduction of Advent Calendar technology in visual arts classes. In the process of analyzing the problem of developing the cognitive activity of preschool children by means of drawing, the author comes to the conclusion about the rationality of using innovative gaming technologies. As such, the use of the Advent Calendar technology is proposed. This approach in the work of a teacher of preschool and additional education can be identified as innovative, since it was introduced into the process of teaching and upbringing relatively recently, but certainly showed its effectiveness. Based on theoretical analysis and own observations, a conclusion was made about the effectiveness of using this technology in the formation of universal educational activities, curiosity, imagination, aesthetic taste and other personal qualities necessary for the successful development of a preschooler. The following research methods were used: the study and analysis of the thematic literature on the topic of the work, conducting a pedagogical experiment consisting of several stages, including diagnostics at the ascertaining and control stages. The relevance of the research is due to the need for a variety of learning processes in organizations of additional and preschool education and the introduction of modern innovative technologies in visual arts classes. This development meets not only the modern demands and needs of society, but also the requirements of the Federal State Budget. The article will be useful for educators, primary school teachers, as well as specialists interested in improving the system of preschool and additional education.

Katherine P. Andriole – A trailblazer in medical informatics and radiology

In a traditionally male-dominated field, the journey of Dr. Andriole represents a pioneering path in the realms of radiology and medical imaging informatics. Her career has not only reshaped the landscape of radiology but also championed diversity, equity, and inclusion in healthcare technology. Through a comprehensive exploration of Dr. Andriole's career trajectory, we navigate her transition from analog to digital radiology, her influential role in pioneering picture archiving communication systems (PACS), and her dedication to mentorship and education in the field. Dr. Andriole's journey underscores the growing influence of women in radiology and informatics, exemplified by her Gold Medal accolades from esteemed organizations. Dr. Andriole's career serves as a beacon for aspiring radiologists and informaticians, emphasizing the significance of passion, mentorship, and collaborative teamwork in advancing the fields of radiology and informatics.

"The Universe Is a Quiet Catastrophe": Alan Glass's Late Assemblages

Abstract: This article examines a selection of the assemblage artist Alan Glass's art made during the COVID-19 pandemic. In either direct or oblique ways, many of Glass's works from 2020 to 2022 allude to the pandemic and other ongoing crises including war and ecological catastrophe. Drawing on archival material and interviews with the artist, the article emphasizes the significance of poetry and esotericism for his art, and interprets the works under consideration as examples of gnosopoetics, or the pursuit of higher knowledge and radical transformation through surrealist art. After outlining Glass's trajectory from drawing and painting to the medium of assemblage and situating his art in the context of Surrealism in Canada, France, and Mexico, the author proceeds to a thematic discussion of Glass's pandemic-era works. These alternate between, on the one hand, depicting a broken world and thematizing death, and, on the other, calling forth possibilities of transformation through a surrealist poetics of the ascendant sign as well as imaginary forms of communication.

Religion in the Thought of the Young Hegel

Religion is one of the central themes of the young Hegel. This is where intellectual problems arise, the treatment of which led him to discover his speculative way of thinking. Starting in the footsteps of Kant’s ethicotheology, Hegel quickly realized that religion cannot be a vehicle for introducing autonomous morality. Under titles such as love and life, he then develops a kind of Spinozist thinking of unification of everything, including the finite and the infinite. However, it turns out that the quasi-divine performance of unity cannot be thought of as such, since thinking is bound to discursive forms of reflection that are always mediated through differences. As soon as the religious performance of unity is to be thought of, it slips away from the form of reflection. This problem can be solved if, on the one hand, the differential form of thinking is brought into a self-application and, on the other hand, difference itself is put into the performance of unity, even if it is named as absolute. The former becomes the nucleus of the figure of negation characteristic for Hegel’s speculative thinking; the latter leads to an understanding of the absolute as spirit, which, according to its self-being, which encompasses difference, is always for the other and is known by the other. Religion brings this to mind in the form of imagination, according to Hegel’s later concept of religion.

Special Challenges of Sensitive Images: A HIMSS-SIIM Enterprise Imaging Community Whitepaper

Sensitive images represent a new challenge in enterprise imaging. These images, often containing nudity or gruesome content, have the potential to cause emotional harm to patients and people who view the images. Unfortunately, the interoperability standards used in imaging informatics have not yet addressed this issue. Because of this, the software solutions used in healthcare information technology are not able to offer patients and other viewers of image protections. In this Health Information Management Systems Society (HIMSS)/Society for Imaging Informatics in Medicine (SIIM) Enterprise Imaging Community Whitepaper, we define sensitive images, identify unique challenges related to their management, and provide recommendations for future solutions to protect our patients.

Certified Imaging Informatics Professionals (CIIP) Demonstrate Value to the Healthcare Industry and Focus on Quality Through the ABII 10-Year RequirementsPractice Option.

Strengthening the field of imaging informatics by further defining standards and advocating for continuous education are the cornerstones of the American Board of Imaging Informatics (ABII). ABII is the non-profit organization that governs the Imaging Informatics Professional certification program. ABII is responsible for awarding the Certified Imaging Informatics Professional (CIIP) designation to candidates who meet specified educational and experience-based criteria and pass a qualifying exam (1). For this paper, we analyzed Quality Improvement (QI) projects submitted to ABII for satisfaction of the10-year requirements in 2017-2021. The project reports demonstrated a variety of interventions undertaken to ultimately improve patient care. A retrospective review of these reports exemplifies the critical role the Certified Imaging Informatics Professionals have in delivery of high quality, safe healthcare and their vital contributions to the healthcare industry and practice of medicine.

Biomedical Informatics: State of the Art, Challenges, and Opportunities

Biomedical informatics can be considered as a multidisciplinary research and educational field situated at the intersection of computational sciences (including computer science, data science, mathematics, and statistics), biology, and medicine. In recent years, there have been advances in the field of biomedical informatics. The current article highlights some interesting state-of-the-art research outcomes in these fields. These include research outcomes in areas like (i) computational biology and medicine, (ii) explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in biomedical research and clinical practice, (iii) machine learning (including deep learning) methods and application for bioinformatics and healthcare, (iv) imaging informatics, as well as (v) medical statistics and data science. Moreover, the current article also discusses some existing challenges and potential future directions for these research areas to advance the fields of biomedical informatics.

Work on an orchestral work as a means of conducting training of an instrumental student

The article is devoted to the actual problem of orchestral-conducting training of instrumental students at the university. The author summarizes the scientific-methodical and own practical experience of the conductor's work on orchestral works of various genres and artistic epochs. The specifics of professional training of students-instrumentalists at the university and the importance of the disciplines of the orchestral-conducting cycle are characterized. The principles of their teaching (gradual and sequence, systematic and accessible, pedagogical expediency and artistic value, collegiality and interest in the results of joint musical-creative activity) are defined. The peculiarities of working with educational orchestras consisting of students with different levels of pre-university instrumental-performing training are revealed. The basic types of a student's work on an orchestral work in the class in orchestral-conducting disciplines: work with a score, analysis of the work by ear, manual technique, creative communication with an orchestral group using special terminology, etc. The work on an orchestral work is defined as a complex process that integrates the student's creative potential and natural musical abilities, his instrumental and musical-theoretical knowledge, musical-performance and emotional spheres, individual and collective. Attention is focused on the role of the teacher of orchestral conducting in the formation of professional skills of the student in the process of working on an orchestral work. Conductor's analysis of symphonic and operatic works studied by instrumental students. The peculiarities of students' educational activity in the class of orchestral conducting in the conditions of distance learning are revealed. The results of the study are summarized and conclusions are formulated: practical study of an orchestral work in a conducting class contributes to the formation of analytical-ear skills, conducting-performing skills, creative imagination, stage culture and professional experience in an instrumental student.

Reaping the Harvest of Joy: Practitioner Enquiry into Intercultural Group Singing

Singers from community choirs in the UK and Norway participated in research to evaluate their experiences of singing in a collaborative choral event in the UK in June 2023. They shared personal stories of their participation and interpreted the significance of their experiences through the app-based data collection method Sensemaker®. We found strong evidence of fast social bonding through a shared emotional experience, which was amplified by the aesthetic qualities of the singing, the material qualities of the venue and the ethical qualities of leadership to model and express the values and attitudes underpinning the reported positive effects. As an intercultural activity, we found that both bonding and bridging social capital were produced through the activity, highlighting the potential of group singing as a potent form of civic imagination and for developing intercultural empathy. The study also highlights the value of practitioner enquiry as a research methodology for developing an understanding of the complex ways in which participation in cultural activities can lead to positive outcomes for participants.

A true crime story: The role of space, time, and identity in narrating criminal authority

Abstract This article presents a theoretical and methodological argument for employing a narrative-based approach to explore criminal organisations’ (COs) claims to political authority, accompanied by an empirical example. International Relations scholarship is increasingly interested in the role narratives play in political meaning-making processes, with violent non-state actors (VNSAs) beginning to occupy a central space in such investigations. This work has contributed important insights into how VNSAs, such as terrorists and insurgents, mobilise narratives to challenge state authority. However, this literature still needs to take stock of groups that do not directly challenge the state but rather live within it. Drawing on Mikhail Bakhtin’s literary theory and using the Sicilian Mafia as a case study, I show that COs exercise and construct their narratives of political authority by reappropriating the state’s key constitutive narratives of space, time, and identity. By reflecting the same form of (statist) political imagination via alternative spatial, temporal, and identity configurations, these groups simultaneously reject and reproduce modern articulations of political authority in their spatio-temporal and identity dimensions.

Biomedical Big Data Technologies, Applications, and Challenges for Precision Medicine: A Review.

The explosive growth of biomedical Big Data presents both significant opportunities and challenges in the realm of knowledge discovery and translational applications within precision medicine. Efficient management, analysis, and interpretation of big data can pave the way for groundbreaking advancements in precision medicine. However, the unprecedented strides in the automated collection of large-scale molecular and clinical data have also introduced formidable challenges in terms of data analysis and interpretation, necessitating the development of novel computational approaches. Some potential challenges include the curse of dimensionality, data heterogeneity, missing data, class imbalance, and scalability issues. This overview article focuses on the recent progress and breakthroughs in the application of big data within precision medicine. Key aspects are summarized, including content, data sources, technologies, tools, challenges, and existing gaps. Nine fields-Datawarehouse and data management, electronic medical record, biomedical imaging informatics, Artificial intelligence-aided surgical design and surgery optimization, omics data, health monitoring data, knowledge graph, public health informatics, and security and privacy-are discussed.

BioEdge: Accelerating Object Detection in Bioimages with Edge-Based Distributed Inference

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have enabled effective object detection tasks in bioimages. Unfortunately, implementing such an object detection model can be computationally intensive, especially on resource-limited hardware in a laboratory or hospital setting. This study aims to develop a framework called BioEdge that can accelerate object detection using Scaled-YOLOv4 and YOLOv7 by leveraging edge computing for bioimage analysis. BioEdge employs a distributed inference technique with Scaled-YOLOv4 and YOLOv7 to harness the computational resources of both a local computer and an edge server, enabling rapid detection of COVID-19 abnormalities in chest radiographs. By implementing distributed inference techniques, BioEdge addresses privacy concerns that can arise when transmitting biomedical data to an edge server. Additionally, it incorporates a computationally lightweight autoencoder at the split point to reduce data transmission overhead. For evaluation, this study utilizes the COVID-19 dataset provided by the Society for Imaging Informatics in Medicine (SIIM). BioEdge is shown to improve the inference latency of Scaled-YOLOv4 and YOLOv7 by up to 6.28 times with negligible accuracy loss compared to local computer execution in our evaluation setting.

42 Age-Related Alterations in Representational Forms of Imagination: A Novel Scoring Protocol Applied to Autobiographical Memory

Objective:Human imagination is a complex system that allows us to form images or concepts in the mind that are not present to the senses. Research on imagination has been heavily influenced by the idea that humans store two distinct types of long-term memory: episodic and semantic memory. This theoretical distinction is particularly important in the context of aging, where older adults show reduced episodic memory compared to semantic memory (Levine et al., 2002). However, recent work has shown that these two memories are not as distinct as once thought (Renoult et al., 2019; Irish & Vatansever, 2020), suggesting a need to either refine the relationship between these concepts, or the concepts themselves.Here, we apply a broader framework for imagination to the autobiographical memories of older adults. Introduced by Andrews-Hanna & Grilli (2021), memory and future thoughts can be understood as the outcome of the collaboration between two representational forms of imagination: the mind’s mind and the mind’s eye. The mind’s mind is described as a high-level, abstract form of imagination accompanied by a verbal representational form, and the mind’s eye is described as a contextually-specific, image-based form of imagination. In the present study, we examine whether this broader framework for understanding imaginative thought can a) explain some of the established age-related changes in episodic and semantic memory, and b) extend beyond existing research to offer new ways to conceptualize autobiographical memory in aging.Participants and Methods:In this study, we introduce a novel scoring protocol distinguishing mind’s eye from mind’s mind forms of imagination and apply this protocol to the autobiographical memories of eighty-two cognitively normal older adults. Participants were instructed to retrieve unique autobiographical events, and to focus on describing event-specific details. All data were scored both with our new scoring protocol as well as the Autobiographical Interview scoring protocol from Levine et al. (2002).Results:Our novel scoring protocol demonstrated high inter-rater reliability across two raters for both mind’s mind (0.95) and mind’s eye (0.96) details. First, we show that the proportion of mind’s mind and mind’s eye details on average are significantly different, with an increased proportion of mind’s eye details. Second, we find that both mind’s eye detail production and mind’s mind detail production is significantly reduced with age, whereas only internal details decline across age when scored with the Autobiographical Interview scoring procedure.Conclusions:The new scoring protocol suggests that both mind’s mind and mind’s eye details undergo change with age, a finding that shares similarities and differences with results from the Autobiographical Interview scoring technique. Taken together, our results hint at a more elaborate set of detail types forming autobiographical memories that change with age, with implications for understanding episodic and semantic memory.

Solitary Confinement, Aloneness, and Sociability in Sterne

Laurence Sterne develops his complex approach towards solitude throughout his fictional and non-fictional writings. Ranging between A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy, Bramine's Journal, Letters from Yorick to Eliza, and Sterne's sermons, this article explores how Sterne juxtaposes the pleasures of retirement with more painful loneliness, and the opportunities that each opens up for sometimes challenging self-contemplation. Various locations stimulate Sterne's engagement with this relationship in differing ways: simply, the enjoyable solitude of country retreat contrasts with the superficial busyness of city life; but for Sterne the opportunity to attain greater self-knowledge comes through his interactions with others. Alone, he must construct imaginary forms of sociability, especially with his beloved but absent Eliza, whom he brings into a fictive conversation through his writing. In the process, the quixotism of Sterne's sentimental authorial persona leads not to a performance of feeling, but to an embrace of human frailty and hopefulness alike.

Sanghyang Sampat Dance in Puluk - Puluk Village as an Idea for Creating Painting Works

This independent study report has the theme Sanghyang Sampat Dance in Puluk-Puluk Village as an Idea to Create Paintings. The choice of partners in Galung Wiratmaja is due to their different characteristics from the others. The specialty in terms of choosing color mixing, the choice of painting objects tends to be in the form of imagination in the form of the natural environment. The visual appearance created has an appeal, because taking objects displays the back of the object and creates an impression of interest to those who see it. Sanghyang Sampat is a tradition that developed in the village of Puluk-Puluk Penebel, Tabanan, this tradition exists for the welfare of people who have livelihoods as farmers. Sanghyang Sampat dance is a Bugis tradition that is highly trusted by the local community. Art as an element of culture is also born as a result of the demands of religious activity. There are many ways to preserve the Sanghyang Sampat Dance Tradition, one of which is by visualizing the dance in a painting medium, to encourage the creation of various symbolic-magical art forms which are representations of something abstract. In inspiring the Sanghyang Sampat Dance, artists process their visual forms into forms of personal expression, and there are also those who bring it up through an interpretation of the meaning and value of sanghyang sampat, which in visualization may give rise to new forms as personal codes. in his work. In this case, the Sanghyang Sampat Dance is a source of ideas for artists in creating modern works of art without leaving traditional values behind.

The Intersection of Radiology With Blockchain and Smart Contracts: A Perspective.

Although blockchain technology and smart contracts are garnering attention in various sectors, their applications and familiarity within the realm of radiology remain largely unexplored. Blockchain, a decentralized digital ledger technology, offers secure, transparent, and resilient data management by distributing the verification process across a network of independent entities. This decentralized technology presents a possible solution for a range of healthcare challenges, from secure data transfer to automated verification processes. To address such challenges in the context of medical imaging, blockchain could provide different approaches, including smart contracts, machine learning algorithms, and the secure dissemination of large files among key stakeholders such as patients, healthcare providers, and institutions. This manuscript aims to explore the current attitudes and perspectives of trainees and radiologists to the utilization of blockchain technology and smart contracts in clinical radiology. Additionally, the study provides an in-depth analysis of the potential applications for incorporating blockchain into radiology. After obtaining The George Washington University Committee on Human Research Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, we conducted a 10-question survey among radiologists and trainees at several institutions and private practices. Surveys were created via the Google Forms application and were emailed to potential participants. Participants were asked about their current academic level (medical student, resident/fellow, academic radiologist, private practice radiologist, others), their knowledge level about the field of imaging informatics and blockchain and smart contract technologies, their level of interest in learning more about blockchain and smart contracts, and their opinion about possible applications of blockchain and smart contract in the future of medical imaging. A total of 118 survey requests were distributed; 83 were returned, reflecting a 70.3% overall response rate. Of these, 19 were sent to private practices with a 15.8% response rate (3/19), and 99 to academic centers, yielding an 80.8% response rate (80/99). The survey respondents demonstrated a strong interest and need to further understand these technologies among radiologists and trainees. This study focuses on key components of this technology as it relatesto healthcare and the practice of radiology, including data storage, patient care, securecommunication, and automation, as well as strengths, weaknesses,opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate and establish a baseline for the current perspectives on the application of blockchain technology and smart contracts in clinical radiologyamongst trainees and radiologists across academic and private settings. Incorporating blockchain and smart contracts technologies into the field of radiology has the potential to achieve greater efficiency, security, and patient empowerment. However, the adoption of this technology comes with challenges, such as infrastructure, interoperability, scalability, and regulatory compliance. Collaboration between radiologists, hospital administration, policymakers, technology developers, and patient advocacy organizations will help guide andadvance our understanding of the potential applications of blockchain and smart contracts in radiology and healthcare.