Formation Of Copper Nanoparticles Research Articles

Direct formation of copper nanoparticles from atoms at graphitic step edges lowers overpotential and improves selectivity of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction

A key strategy for minimizing our reliance on precious metals is to increase the fraction of surface atoms and improve the metal-support interface. In this work, we employ a solvent/ligand/counterion-free method to deposit copper in the atomic form directly onto a nanotextured surface of graphitized carbon nanofibers (GNFs). Our results demonstrate that under these conditions, copper atoms coalesce into nanoparticles securely anchored to the graphitic step edges, limiting their growth to 2–5 nm. The resultant hybrid Cu/GNF material displays high selectivity in the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) for formate production with a faradaic efficiency of ~94% at -0.38 V vs RHE and a high turnover frequency of 2.78 × 106 h-1. The Cu nanoparticles adhered to the graphitic step edges significantly enhance electron transfer to CO2. Long-term CO2RR tests coupled with atomic-scale elucidation of changes in Cu/GNF reveal nanoparticles coarsening, and a simultaneous increase in the fraction of single Cu atoms. These changes in the catalyst structure make the onset of the CO2 reduction potential more negative, leading to less formate production at -0.38 V vs RHE, correlating with a less efficient competition of CO2 with H2O for adsorption on single Cu atoms on the graphitic surfaces, revealed by density functional theory calculations.

Membrane-Free Selective Semi-Hydrogenation of Alkynes Over an In Situ Formed Copper Nanoparticle Electrode.

Selective semi-hydrogenation of alkynes is a significant reaction for preparing functionalized alkenes. Electrochemical semi-hydrogenation presents a sustainable alternative to the traditional thermal process. In this research, affordable copper acetylacetonate is employed as a catalyst precursor for the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of alkynes, using MeOH as the hydrogen source in an undivided cell. Good to excellent yields for both aromatic and aliphatic internal/terminal alkynes are obtained under constant current conditions. Notably, up to 99% Z selectivity is achieved for various internal alkynes. Mechanistic investigations revealed the formation of copper nanoparticles (NPs) at the cathode during electrolysis, acting as the catalyst for the selective semireduction of alkynes. The copper NPs deposited cathode demonstrated reusable for further hydrogenation.

Pengaruh Variasi Prekursor Terhadap Morfologi dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Nanopartikel Tembaga Menggunakan Reduktor Ekstrak Daun Gambir

Research on synthesis copper nanoparticles has been carried out by the bioreduction method with a green synthesis approach using extracts of gambir leaves (Uncaria gambir Roxb). Gambir leaf extract contains polyphenol compounds uses as a natural reducing agent to reduce copper cation from variations of prekursor (CuSO45.H2O, Cu(NO3)2.3H2O and CuCl2.2H2O). The formation of copper nanoparticles (CuNP) colloid is visually shown by color change from light brown to dark brown. Absorption peak in UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis at 405 -427 nm which is a specific wavelength of copper nanoparticles base on phenomenon of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed formation of CuNP with a face centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure. The result of Transmission Electron Microscope show the synthesized CuNP was spherical with particle size diameter 15nm for CuSO4 prekursor, 25 nm for Cu(NO3) prekursor and 28 nm for CuCl2 prekursor. The size of nanoparticles influenced of type prekursor anions. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was also tested using pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that copper nanoparticles were promising antibacterial agents. Antibacterial activity test on copper nanoparticles were found to have higher antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria S. aureus than Gram negatif E. coli.

Plasmonic effect on the emission intensity of Ce3+ ions doped zirconia-silicate glass

Ce3+:SiO2-ZrO2 samples doped with and without plasmonic nanoparticles of copper were prepared by the easy and economic non-hydrolytic sol–gel method. Structural, morphological, and optical studies were done on the samples after being dried at room temperature and annealed at 800 °C. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirms the formation of the host glass SiO2-ZrO2 from the asymmetric stretching of Si-O-Zr bond. Tetragonal ZrO2 and plasmonic copper nanoparticles formation was affirmed from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirms the formation of plasmonic nanoparticles of copper. UV/Visible spectra show an absorption around 330 nm. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra show emission centered around 469 nm; an enhancement in the PL intensity occurred due to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of the plasmonic nanoparticles of copper.

Synthesis And Characterisation of Copper Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Leaf Extract of Lagerstreomia Speciose and Their Biological, Antioxidant and catalytic activities

Nanotechnology is gaining importance at tremendous rate in every field of science and technology. Researchers have developed a large number of different methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles; among this green route method is of great importance as it is eco-friendly and cost-effective. In this study we synthesized copper nanoparticles through green synthesis using a plant called lagerstroemia speciose. The formation of copper nanoparticles has been observed due to change in colour of extract solution. The sample solution was characterized by different techniques in order to find out the various physiological parameters like shape, size and nature of bonding. Plant extract acts as both reducing and capping agent .The various instruments used for characterization are DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), X-ray Diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR). Cups obtained were of size 35nm. The synthesized copper nanoparticles were studied for their anti-microbial activity, antioxidant, antidiabetic and catalytic activities and cytotoxicity.

Copper (II) ions extraction by poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-mathacrylic acid) microgels for in situ reduction formation of copper nanoparticles to reduce pollutants

It is very important to eliminate organic dyes and most of the toxic transition metal ions from water because they are hazardous substances for livings. Many systems are reported to eliminate organic pollutants or transition metal ions solely from water. A new systematic way has been developed for effectively removal of both metal ions and organic pollutants (nitroarenes and toxic dyes). For this purpose, a spherical poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-methacrylic acid) P(NVC-MAAc) microgel system was developed by free radical precipitation polymerization (FRPP) method. The XRD, FTIR, SEM, DLS, and TEM techniques were used for characterization of P(NVC-MAAc) system and then used that system as an adsorbent for removal of copper (II) ions from water under a variety of conditions, including different P(NVC-MAAc) concentrations, pH, copper (II) ions contents, and agitation times. Various adsorption isotherms were applied to evaluate the best fitted adsorption isotherms for extraction of copper (II) ions with P(NVC-MAAc) microgel system. Furthermore, the kinetics of copper (II) ion adsorption on P(NVC-MAAc) were investigated using the pseudo-1st order (P1O), intra-particle diffusion model (InPDM), pseudo-2nd order (P2O), and Elovich model (EM). The loaded copper (II) ions in P(NVC-MAAc) microgel were then in-situ reduced to generate copper nanoparticles (NPs). The resulted [Cu-P(NVC-AAc)] hybrid microgels were used as catalyst to reduce toxic pollutants from water such as 4-nitrophenol (4NiP), 4-nitroaniline (4NiA), chromium (VI) ions (ChVI), rhodamine-B (RhB), methyl orange (MeO), and eyosin-Y (EyY). The values of apparent rate constant (kapp) for 4NiP, 4NiA, ChVI, RhB, MeO and EyY were found 0.725 min−1, 0.587 min−1, 0.097 min−1, 0.821 min−1, 0.860 min−1, and 0.833 min−1 respectively. As a result, a broad range of new organic transformations can be efficiently catalyzed by the Cu-P(NVC-MAAc) system.

Copper-Bearing Magnetite and Delafossite in Copper Smelter Slags

The cooling paths and kinetics in the system Cu-Fe-O are investigated by the empirical micro- and nanoscale analysis of slags from the flash furnace smelter at Olympic Dam, South Australia. We aim to constrain the exsolution mechanism of delafossite (Cu1+Fe3+O2) from a spinel solid solution (magnetite, Fe3O4) and understand why cuprospinel (CuFe2O4) is never observed, even though, as a species isostructural with magnetite, it might be expected to form. Flash furnace slags produced in the direct-to-blister copper smelter at Olympic Dam contain four Cu-bearing phases: Cu-bearing magnetite, delafossite, metallic copper, and cuprite. Delafossite coexists with magnetite as rims and lamellar exsolutions, as well as bladed aggregates, associated with cuprite within Si-rich glass. The empirical compositions of magnetite and rim delafossite are (Fe2+6.89Cu2+0.86Co0.13Mg0.15Si0.02)8.05 (Fe3+15.52Al0.41Ti0.01Cr0.01)15.95O32, and (Cu1+0.993Co0.002Mg0.002)0.997(Fe3+0.957Al0.027Ti0.005Si0.004)0.993O2, respectively. The measured Cu content of magnetite represents a combination of a solid solution (~6 mol.% cuprospinel endmember) and exsolved delafossite lamellae. Atomic-resolution high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF STEM) imaging shows epitaxial relationships between delafossite lamellae and host magnetite. Defects promoting the formation of copper nanoparticles towards the lamellae margins suggest rapid kinetics. Dynamic crystallization under locally induced stress in a supercooled system (glass) is recognized from misorientation lamellae in delafossite formed outside magnetite grains. The observations are concordant with crystallization during the cooling of molten slag from 1300 °C to <1080 °C. Melt separation through an immiscibility gap below the solvus in the system Cu-Fe-O is invoked to form the two distinct delafossite associations: (i) melt-1 from which magnetite + delafossite form; and (ii) melt-2 from which delafossite + cuprite form. Such a path also corroborates the published data explaining the lack of cuprospinel as a discrete phase in the slag. Delafossite rims form on magnetite at a peritectic temperature of ~1150 °C via a reaction between the magnetite and copper incorporated in the oxide/Si-rich melt. The confirmation of such a reaction is supported by the observed misfit orientation (~10°) between the rim delafossite and magnetite. HAADF STEM imaging represents a hitherto underutilized tool for understanding pyrometallurgical processes, and offers a direct visualization of phase relationships at the smallest scale that can complement both experimental approaches and theoretical studies based on thermodynamic modelling.

Green synthesised nanocopper/chitosan aerogel biocomposite as a recyclable and nonprecious catalyst for methyl orange reduction

Methyl orange (MO), which is known as a highly durable dye that is extremely toxic to humans and animals, has been processed by using various methods. In recent years, MO degradation through reduction in the presence of NaBH4 (NB) and suitable nanocatalyst have garnered considerable interest. However, the nanosized particles of the catalyst make separation from the liquid solution more difficult and limit the practical application of this technique. Herein, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) decorated on three-dimensional chitosan aerogel (CSA) were synthesized as a reusable composite for the catalytic degradation of MO by using a green method with durian (Durio zibethinus) shell (DS) extract as a reducing agent. The Cu/CSA composite’s physicochemical properties were characterized by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy- energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), high resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Raman spectroscopy. These modern techniques elucidated the structure and formation of copper nanoparticles on the CSA surface. The copper nanocatalysts have an average particle size of 32.6 nm, specific surface area of 55.8 m2/g, pore size of 32 Å and pore area of 0.049 cm3/g. Through the investigation of catalyst activity, the conditions of MO reduction were optimised with the 1.0 Cu/CSA sample, catalyst dose of 0.5 g/L and a molar ratio of MO/NB of 1/200. The reaction reached over 94.3% efficiency after 10 min, correlating with a kinetic rate constant of 0.163 min−1. It is worth mentioning that the optimized catalyst can be conveniently synthesized and retrieved from the reaction solution in just 5 s using a vacuum filter. Furthermore, its effectiveness remains largely unaffected even after undergoing five cycles of reuse, thus demonstrating its exceptional durability and potential in environmental remediation.

Analisis Impregnasi Nanopartikel Tembaga (Cu) Pada Non Woven Polypropylene

Abstract
 To determine the density with copper nanoparticles and the addition of mass of polypropylene non-woven fabric and the characteristics of the crystal structure of the formed copper nanoparticles. Synthetic copper nanoparticles using substances which is precursor of copper from copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O), ascorbate acid (C6H8O6) as an antioxidant, and reductor solution using sodium borohydrate (NaBH4). The ex-situ formation of copper nanoparticles was then impregnated on non-woven polypropylene through an immersion process with different variations of time. Based on characterization of X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), formed copper nanoparticles characterized of face centered cubic with high increasing of crystalinity at [1, 1, 1] with average size is 65 nm and the wavelength showed at the peak of 730 cm-1 and 710 cm-1 identified as copper nanoparticles. The addition of the highest density in the sample is 5.37%..
 Keywords: Copper, Crystal Structure ,Density, Nanoparticle.

Physiological Effects of Nanoparticles Prepared from Olive Leaf Extract and Copper Oxide on Strawberry Plants

Background: Nanoparticles, due to their small size and large surface area, have unique physicochemical properties that make them attractive for a wide range of industrial, medical, agricultural application. Objective: To prepare a novel nanoparticles from olive leaf extract and copper oxide and test its physiological effect of strawberry plants. Materials and Methods: Olive leaves extract was prepared according to a certain protocol, and the green nanoparticles were synthesized by coordination this extract with copper oxide. Characterization was done using many techniques such as FTIR, UV-Vis, XRD to identify the new copper nanoparticles. Different concentrations were prepared of CuONPs (10%, 20%, and 30%). Results: The FTIR spectrum shows peaks which confirm the coordination of olive leaves extract with the copper ion, while UV-Vis spectrum shows peaksthat confirm the formation of copper nanoparticles, the SEM shows the homogeneity of the nanoparticle that was confirmed by XRD spectrum and dataUsing30% (C3) give best seedling leaf length, and number of fruitswhile number of leaves are best in 20% (C2) compared to other concentrations. While the highest value in the number of flowers in treatmentof bio fertilizer. Best concentration of DNA appears in C3 (134.7) while best DNA purity is found on C2 (20%). The chlorophyll was also measured using SPADwhich show optimum with C3 (30%). Conclusions: Using30% (C3) give best seedling leaf length, number of fruits and chlorophyll while number of leaves are best in 20% (C2).

Green Synthesis and Characterization of Natural Magnetic Particles/Chitosan Composite Material Impregnated with Copper Nanoparticles

Natural magnetic particles/chitosan/CuNPs (NMP/Chi/CuNPs) have been successfully synthesized in green chemistry by impregnation of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) on the composite of natural magnetic particles/chitosan (NMP/Chi). Copper nanoparticles were prepared using Cu(II) solutions with varying concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mM). The synthesis of CuNPs was carried out by chemical reduction with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent and chitosan as a capping agent using microwave heating. The formation of copper nanoparticles was indicated with a peak at 580-590 nm, and the optimum absorbance was obtained at a precursor concentration of 20 mM using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The NMP/Chi/CuNP(20) composite material was characterized using Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FTIR) to confirm the interaction between NMP/Chi and CuNP(20). Crystal analysis by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) showed the highest characteristic peak of Fe3O4 at 2θ angle 35° where the peak intensity at NMP/Chi/CuNP(20) decreased compared to NMP and NMP/chi. The mean crystallite sizes of NMP and NMP/Chi were obtained at 8.33 nm and 64.95 nm, respectively. Morphology and elemental composition of composite materials with Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) showed that CuNP 20 was successfully impregnated in NMP/Chi and contained the main elements, namely C, N, O, Fe, and Cu. Using TEM analysis, the shape of the NMP/Chi/CuNP(20) particles is similar to that of CuNP(20), which is spherical, and the particle size was 32.95 nm. The material is potential as an easily separable antibacterial agent in water using an external magnet.

Sintesis Nanopartikel Tembaga dari Larutan CuSO4.5H2O dengan Menggunakan Ekstrak Getah Merkubung ( Macarangan Gigantea)

The synthesis of copper nanoparticles in this study used a reducing agent from the extract of mercurd gum with a solution of CuSO4.5H20. The results of the synthesis of copper nanoparticles using the extract of mercurd gum resulted in the color of the solution becoming clear greenish. The reaction time greatly affects the formation of copper nanoparticles, it can be seen visually that after 5 minutes the reaction shows a color change from clear to clear greenish and a lot of precipitate is formed. As the reaction time increases, the solution gets darker. The color of the copper nanoparticle solution tends to be clear to clear greenish, the clear color will continue to increase with the length of reaction time. In XRD analysis of Cu which has been synthesized from 0.01 M mercury extract solution. It can be seen that Cu nanocrystals have been formed which are indicated by the appearance of peaks at 2q : 18.76˚, 22.24˚, and 23.99, The results of the Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis, the results of the SEM analysis in the study show that the particle sizes produced are different from one another and the distribution of particles is uneven, there are many particles that accumulate into chunks larger than other particles so that the size is not uniform and to form agglomerations. This is because the particle growth is very fast and UV-vis Confirmation of the formation of nanoparticles can be known through UV-Vis spectrophotometer observations by measuring the absorbance value in time intervals.

Following Cu Microstructure Evolution in CuZnO/Al2O3(−Cs) Catalysts During Activation in H2 using in situ XRD and XRD‐CT

AbstractUnderstanding how the microstructure of the active Cu0 component in the commercially applicable Cu/ZnO/Al2O3(−Cs2O) low‐temperature water‐gas shift catalyst evolves under various H2 partial pressures in the presence/absence of a Cs promoter during thermal activation has been investigated. Time‐resolved XRD and spatially‐resolved XRD‐CT data were measured as a function of H2 concentration along a packed bed reactor to elucidate the importance of the zincite support and the effect of the promoter on Cu sintering mechanisms, dislocation character and stacking fault probability. The rate of Cu reduction showed a dependency on [Cs], [H2] and bed height; lower [Cs] and higher [H2] led to a greater rate of metallic copper nanoparticle formation. A deeper analysis of the XRD line profiles allowed for determining a greater edge character to the dislocations and subsequent stacking fault probability was also observed to depend on higher [H2], smaller Cu0 (and ZnO) crystallite sizes, increased [ZnO] (30 wt.%, sCZA) and lower temperature. The intrinsic activity of Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 methanol synthesis catalysts has been intimately linked to the anisotropic behaviour of copper, and thus the presence of lattice defects; to the best knowledge of the authors, this study is the first instance in which this type of analysis has been applied to LT‐WGS catalysts.

Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-diabetic Activity of Green Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles of Cocculus hirsutus (Menispermaceae).

The emergence of new technologies has led to the discovery of the biological properties of nanoparticles through green approach. In the present investigation, we report the potential antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic properties of copper nanoparticle (CuNPs) synthesized by reducing 3mM copper acetate solution with aqueous leaf extract of Cocculus hirsutus. A colour change from deep brown to dark greenish brown indicated the formation of copper nanoparticles. The so-formed CuNPs were characterized by employing UV spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and EDX analyses which described sheet-like structure morphology having typical size of 63.46nm. Later, the synthesized CuNPs efficiency was evaluated against bacterial pathogens, and was found highly toxic to B. subtilis and S. aureus strains. The synthesized CuNPs were examined through H2O2 and PMA assays which demonstrated the highest free radical scavenging activity. Besides, the resulted CuNPs revealed the higher anti-diabetic efficacy in both the [Formula: see text]-amylase and [Formula: see text] -glucosidase inhibition assays (64.5% ± 0.11 and 68.5% ± 0.11, respectively). Finally, our findings report that C. hirsutus can be exploited as a source for green synthesis of CuNPs, having potent in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-diabetic properties.

Green Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt, Iron and Copper Nanoparticles Derived from the Stem-Bark Extract of Khaya Senegalensis (Mahogany) and Its Antimirobial Activity

During the past few decades, many of the synthetic chemicals are able to produce nanoparticles and nanoclusters, although these chemicals primarily act as reducing and capping agents, they are very toxic and hazardous and make the nanoparticles biologically incompatible. Thus there is need for green chemistry that includes a clean, non-toxic and environmental friendly method of nanoparticles synthesis. Cobalt, iron and copper nanoparticles were synthesized using the stem-bark extract of khayasenegalensis (mahogany) where cobalt chloride (CoCl2 6H2O), ferric chloride (FeCl2), and copper sulphate (CuSO4 H2O) were used as the metal precursor respectively. The change in color from light brown to dark brown indicates the formation of cobalt nanoparticles, from light brown to dark green indicates the formation of copper nanoparticles and also the change in color from light brown to a dark color indicates formation of iron nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were further characterized using UV visible spectroscopy, FTIR, and SEM. The UV result for CoNPs showed the highest peak at 500nm and both FeNPs and CuNPs showed the highest peak at 300nm. The FTIR results for all the nanoparticles showed the presence of Alkaloids and triterpenes. Also the SEM result showed spherical granular, partially dispersed and monodispersed morphology for CoNPs, FeNPs and CuNPs respectively. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the synthesized NPs when tested against two gram positive bacteria and two gram negative bacteria was evaluated and good results were obtained. The antifungal activity when tested against two fungi showed a very good result.

Evaluation of copper uptake in individual spores of Streptomyces coelicolor and endogenic nanoparticles formation to modulate the secondary metabolism.

Copper modulates secondary metabolism in Streptomyces. Although the cytosolic copper concentration is controlled by several chaperones and transporters, the formation of copper nanoparticles (NPs) and its relation to the antibiotic production has never been established in the model Streptomyces coelicolor. In this work, state-of-the-art analytical tools are used to evaluate the incorporation of copper in individual spores of S. coelicolor at different exposure concentrations (40, 80, and 160 μM Cu). Among them, the use of single cell-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry revealed incorporation levels in the range of 2 to 2.5 fg/spore (median) increasing up to 4.75 fg/spore at the upper exposure concentrations. The copper storage within the spores in the form of NPs was evaluated using a combination of single particle-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy. The obtained data confirmed the presence of NPs in the range of 8 to 40 (mean size 21 nm) inside S. coelicolor spores. The presence of the NPs was correlated with the actinorhodin production in liquid non-sporulating cultures amended with up to 80 μM Cu. However, further increase to 160 μM Cu, yielded to a significant decrease in antibiotic production. Secondary metabolism is activated under stressful conditions and cytosolic copper seems to be one of the signals triggering antibiotic production. Particularly, NP formation might contribute to modulate the secondary metabolism and prevent for copper toxicity. This work describes, for first time, the formation of endogenous copper NPs in S. coelicolor and reveals their correlation with the secondary metabolism.

Combining CRISPR-Cas12a with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dependent reporter elongation for pathogen detection using lateral flow test strips.

CRISPR–Cas (CC)-based detection technologies have some exceptional features, which hold the promise of developing into the next-generation diagnostic platforms. One of these features is the ability to trigger non-specific single-stranded DNA/RNA cleavage activity after specific target recognition and Cas enzyme activation. This cleavage activity can be visualized either by single-stranded DNA/RNA fluorescence resonance energy transfer quenching reporters or via lateral flow strips, which separate and detect the cleaved reporters. In a previous study, we reported coupling CC-cleavage activity with the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) that elongates cleaved ssDNA reporter fragments with dTTP nucleotides. These elongated poly(thymine) tails then act as scaffolds for the formation of copper nanoparticles which generate a bright fluorescent signal upon UV excitation. In the current study, we visualize the poly(thymine) tails on lateral flow strips, using different combinations of biotinylated or fluorescein-labeled nucleotides, various reporters, and capture oligos. One particular approach, using a fluorescein reporter, reached a target sensitivity of <1 pM and was named Cas activity assay on a strip and was tested using Bacillus anthracis genomic DNA.

Green chemistry method prepared effective copper nanoparticles by lemon flower (citrus) extract and its anti- microbial activity

Green chemistry method is a toxic less Development of metal nanoparticle towards ecofriendly biosynthesis process for various applications. In the present investigation, we fabricated the Copper Nanoparticles using a lemon plant and its family name RUTACEAE). Copper sulphate (CuSO4) was used as precursor for the formation of copper Nanoparticles by using flower extract of lemon. The physico chemical characterization of copper nanoparticle were analysed by XRD, SEM and DRS study. The SEM results show that the copper Nanoparticles are aggregated cross rectangle/spherical shape morphology. The optical characterization was carried out using UV – Vis analysis. The results are showed that the optimum concentration of flower extract is important for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles. The as prepared Copper nanoparticle have the efficient ability to inhibit the growth of various pathogenic microorganisms.

Antioxidant and Anti Inflammatory Activity of Copper Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Red Tea

Background: Recently, nanoparticles have been playing a pivotal role in modern material development. Nanotechnology has provided great possibilities in various fields of science and technology. The antioxidant characteristics of Aspalathus linearis, also known as rooibos, include antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral capabilities.&#x0D; Aim: To determine the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of copper nanoparticles synthesized using red tea.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: Preparation of the red tea extract, synthesis of copper nanoparticles, preparation of nanoparticles powder and then antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of nanoparticles were analysed. Antioxidant activity and anti- inflammatory activity was assessed using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay and inhibition of albumin denaturation assay. The standard used was diclofenac sodium in various concentrations.&#x0D; Results: The formation of copper nanoparticles was indicated by the peak found in the spectroscopy. Copper nanoparticles synthesized using red tea showed highest absorbance at a concentration of 50μl (82%) when it was subjected to DPPH assay to check for its antioxidant property at a wavelength of about 517 nm. Copper nanoparticles synthesized using red tea showed highest absorbance at a concentration of 50μl (92.2%) when it was subjected to inhibition of albumin denaturation assay to analyse for its anti-inflammatory activity at a wavelength of about 660 nm.&#x0D; Conclusion: The present study suggests that red tea mediated copper nanoparticles showed good antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity. It can be concluded that the antioxidant activity of red tea is not as efficient as Diclofenac but it can be more efficient when it’s concentration is raised to safe levels and anti-inflammatory activity of red tea is as efficient as Diclofenac.

Anticariogenic Activity of Copper Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Blue Tea

Background: Nanotechnology is rapidly growing in various fields of science like medicinal, agricultural and physical and material sciences. Copper nanoparticles are particularly attractive because of copper’s high natural abundance and low cost and the practical and straightforward multiple ways of preparing copper based nanomaterials.&#x0D; Aim: To assess the anticariogenic activity of copper nanoparticles synthesized using blue tea.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: The blue tea powder was acquired. An aqueous extract was prepared and mixed with copper sulphate for copper nanoparticles formation and centrifuged for 10 minutes. The extract was then placed in the well cultured agar plates against C. albicans, S. mutans, S. aureus and E. faecalis and incubated for 24 hours. The zones of inhibition were then calculated.&#x0D; Results: Against S. aureus, 25μl showed 10 mm of zone of inhibition, 50μl showed 10 mm of zone of inhibition and 100μl showed 12 mm of zone of inhibition. 21 mm of zone of inhibition were noted against the antibiotic. Against C. albicans, 25 μl showed 25 mm of zone of inhibition, 50 μl showed 26 mm of zone of inhibition and 100 μl showed 30 mm of zone of inhibition. 12 mm of zone of inhibition were noted against the antibiotic. Against S. mutans, 25 μl showed 10 mm of zone of inhibition, 50 μl showed 10 mm of zone of inhibition and 100 μl showed 25 mm of zone of inhibition. 21 mm of zone of inhibition were noted against the antibiotic. Against E. faecalis, 25 μl showed 10 mm of zone of inhibition, 50 μl showed 13 mm of zone of inhibition and 100 μl showed 14 mm of zone of inhibition. 37 mm of zone of inhibition were noted against the antibiotic.&#x0D; Conclusion: The blue tea mediated copper nanoparticles showed anticariogenic activity against S. mutans, C. albicans, E. faecalis and S. aureus and therefore can be used for clinical application.