Formation Of Civil Society Research Articles

Historiographic principles of interaction between civil society and the state

The article analyzes the historiographic principles of interaction between civil society and the state, which is expressed in the dialogue and opposition of public organizations with the state. Various approaches to the definition of civil society, its components and functions, as well as the role of the state in ensuring the development of civil society are considered. The article also includes a historical analysis of the interaction between public organizations and the state on the territory of Ukraine, which provides an opportunity to better understand the current situation in this area. The most important challenges and tasks for the further development of civil society in Ukraine and ways to solve them are outlined. The conclusions of the article may be useful for further research in the field of the theory of the state and law. Also, the nature and ultimate purpose of the existence of civil society is given and revealed in the article. Particular attention is paid to determining the opposition of such a society to the state and its apparatus. Theoretical approaches were also summarized, and the essence of such a society and its functions were determined based on them. The article contains an analysis of the concept of civil society, taking into account the modern interpretation. Some problems of the formation and development of civil society are highlighted through the prism of the necessity of such a society to ensure Ukraine as a democratic, social, legal state. Ways of establishing a civil society in accordance with the assumed duty of the state to citizens regarding the development of the country according to European standards are proposed. The retrospective method, which is used in various sciences such as history, law, psychology, and others, was chosen as the main research method. This method involves the analysis of past events that have occurred in the past in order to understand what causes led to their occurrence, as well as what consequences they had. Key words: state, civil society, civil organizations, self-regulation mechanism, territorial communities.

Теоретико-методологічні засади інклюзивного розвитку підприємництва і суб’єктів агробізнесу

Agribusiness is one of the critical elements of the national economy responsible for food production and supply. Due to globalization, climate change, and military actions, domestic agricultural producers face numerous challenges that require a paradigm shift in business practices. In addition, current trends in the global economy indicate an active growth in the importance of inclusiveness as a mainstream business organization. This is especially relevant to the agricultural sphere, where an inclusive approach can solve the problems of inequality of income distribution, lack of access to resources and markets for products, involvement of all groups and strata of the population in economic activity, etc. The article aims to systematize and improve the theoretical and methodological framework for the inclusive development of entrepreneurship and agribusiness. The theoretical and methodological basis of inclusive entrepreneurship and agribusiness has been studied. It has been shown that the concept of inclusive development of entrepreneurship and agribusiness actors is a logical continuation of the methodology development of corporate social responsibility and sustainable development in the context of globalization and growing social inequality. It has been determined that inclusive development of an enterprise is a strategic orientation towards creating such a corporate culture and working conditions when each employee feels his importance, recognition, and the opportunity to develop and realize his potential, regardless of his social, economic, or other status, to achieve the general well-being, sustainable development of the enterprise itself and the territorial community in which it is located. It has been argued that an inclusive approach to the organization of entrepreneurship and agribusiness contributes to sustainable, socio-ecologically balanced economic growth and social justice, biodiversity conservation, reduction of carbon emissions, adaptation to climate change, re-socialization of people with special needs, including veterans of military operations, and the formation of a democratic civil society. Keywords: inclusive development, inclusive entrepreneurship, inclusive agribusiness, inclusion, sustainable development, methodology.

Фундаментальная библиотека тюменского уездного училища и формирование гуманитарного образовательного ресурса в первой половине XIX в.

The article examines formation and development of the fundamental library of the Tyumen district school in the first half of the XIX century. From the author’s point of view, conclusion is that the process of accumulation of books in it was under strict control, but in a fragmented way and without regard to the status of the educational institution. The register of books on humanitarian orientation conveys the spirit of that time and testifies to the active interest in national history, pedagogy, Russian language and literature in the context of the theory of the official nationality. However, philosophical science was not officially recognized. The information field of the library was higher than the demands of the district school, and the mediation between the author of the book and the reader was carried out at a low level. Nevertheless, the appearance of the first secular library at an ed-ucational institution served as a significant factor in the dissemination of knowledge and the formation of civil society.

The role of the volunteer movement in the security policy of the state in the context of military operations

This article examines the formation of the volunteer movement in Ukraine's security policy during military operations. It aims to identify historical peculiarities and changes in the context of military operations. The study utilizes the historical method to analyze socio-historical sources and materials, tracing the genesis and development of the volunteer movement. The comparative method is employed to explore different approaches to understanding volunteering in Ukraine. Systematization is used to analyze patterns in the development of the volunteer movement within the security policy of the state during military operations. The article highlights the lack of comprehensive research on the role of the volunteer movement in Ukraine's security policy. It emphasizes the significant role of the volunteer movement in shaping international relations and modern security policies. The study identifies specific characteristics of the volunteer movement within the context of military operations. Overall, the research suggests that studying the volunteer movement contributes to understanding population self-organization and the formation of civil society in the state.

Liberal constitution, civic enlightenment, and colonies: Jeremy Bentham on the Spanish empire

ABSTRACT Between April 1820 and April 1822, stimulated by the restoration of the Cádiz Constitution, Bentham devoted himself to writing a number of works on the constitutional reform and colonial rule of Spain, which have been sources of a scholarly debate over Bentham's views on colony. By examining those works, this essay aims to supplement the scholarly debate by drawing attention to a thesis that Bentham developed in his criticism and evaluation of the Cádiz Constitution: a thesis concerning the irreconcilable incompatibilities of liberal constitution and colonisation. I focus on Bentham's critical analyses of the Constitution, and indicate that Spain's colonial rule of Ultramaria not only intensified the weaknesses of the Constitution, but also rendered its merits useless, if not harmful, to the public in both hemispheres. Moreover, I explore the tension that Bentham detected between liberal constitutionalism and colonialism. I maintain that, in Bentham's observation, the civil rights granted by the Cádiz Constitution to the Ultramarians stood to facilitate the enlightenment of citizens and the formation of civil society. As a consequence, the delusion of the Spanish ruling few would be exposed, and the Ultramarians’ discontent with exploitation by such foreign rulers would sow the seeds of disobedience and resistance.

E-citizen Model at the Digital Municipality Level and Macroeconomic Analysis of Internet Services

The article focuses on the formation of civil society, which plays an important role in the implementation of e-municipality, and the study of the shades of influence at the macroeconomic level. From this point of view, the article analyzes the contribution of Internet services to the social economy of Azerbaijan in 2000-2020. The purpose of this study is to investigate digital citizenship on social field in municipalities and to investigate relations among Internet services, fixed capital investment, per capita income and subsidies to local budgets (municipalities) using economic methods of econometric analysis, and to determine the direction of relations. The research methodology is based on the ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag models) cointegration technique and the Granger Causality test. According to the ARDL co-integration analysis, there is a one-sided cause-andeffect relationship between internet services (thousand manats) and subsidies (million manats) to local budgets (municipalities). The limitation of scientific research covers the processes of establishing civic relations in e-municipality and the processes within economic relations in the field of ICT. According to the results, the impact of Internet services (thousand manats) on subsidies (million manats) to local budgets (municipalities) is positive.

Formation of civil society in Ukraine in the post-soviet period

The article analyzes the main stages of formation of civil society in Ukraine since independence. Formation of the third sector, shown by the authors against the background of state policy in this area and political events in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of Ukrainian legislation, the study identifies the main stages of state policy in the field of promoting the development of civil society institutions. The analysis of statistical sources helped to establish not only the quantitative characteristics of the development of civil society institutions, but also to identify the main areas of their activities. Researchers conclude that civil society in Ukraine has developed over a long period of time against the background of sometimes contradictory state policy in this area and the lack of a broad social base for the activities of public organizations. As large masses of active, purposeful, motivated citizens who were not members of public organizations, became not only the driving force of the two revolutions to return to the ideals of freedom and equality, but also hinder the emergence of authoritarianism, and now the occupation of the country in Russian-Ukrainian war.

Азаматтық институтының конституциялық-құқықтық негіздері

Мақалада Қазақстан Республикасының және шет елдердің қолданыстағы заңнамасын, азаматтық саласындағы ғылыми әдебиеттерді зерттеу және талдау негізінде азаматтық институтын құқықтық реттеудің өзекті мәселелері зерттелген. Қазақстан Республикасының Конституциясын, «Қазақстан Республикасының азаматтығы туралы» Заңды зерттеуге басты орын берілген, ал азаматтықты конституциялық-құқықтық реттеудің шетелдік тәжірибесі қарастырылған. Сонымен қатар азаматтық институттың мемлекет пен қоғамның дамуына, азаматтық қоғамның қалыптасуы үшін маңызды екендігі көрсетілген. Авторлар конституционализм теориясы мен практикасының басты мәселелерінің бірі — конституциялық азаматтық институты арқылы адамның құқықтары мен бостандықтарын дамыту және қамтамасыз ету екенін атап өткен. Мақала авторлары азаматтық ұғымын анықтап, оның конституциялық құқықтық ұйымдастыру мәні мен маңызын айқындау мәселелері бойынша негізгі көзқарастарды ұсынған. Атап айтқанда, құқықтың жалпы жаһандануы мен интернационалдануына байланысты Қазақстан Республикасының Конституциясы тұтастай алғанда конституциялық құқық дамуының әлемдік тенденцияларына сәйкес келетіндігі туралы қорытынды жасалған. Конституциялық-құқықтық заңнаманы одан әрі жетілдіру бағыттарының біріретінде конституциялық-құқықтық заңнамаға адам құқықтары жөніндегі халықаралық құқықтың жалпы танылған қағидаттары мен нормалары туралы ережені енгізу туралы ұсыныс тұжырымдалған.

Политическое, правовое просвещение и гражданское общество в России

The article analyzes political and legal education as a way of development of Russia's civil society in the be-ginning of XXI century. The role of the processes of learning and acquiring new competences in the youth envi-ronment, the ways and methods of its implementation are shown. Outlines the function of the Public Chamber in the formation of a new type of civil society in the Russian Federation. The substantive and organizational aspects of ensuring the civic engagement of the individual, preparing young people for integration into the sys-tem of political, legal, social, ethical relations are considered. Analyzing the problems of natural formation of civil society in modern Russia, the development of effective mechanisms to educate the population and the development of its active civic position is the theoretical significance of the article. Therefore, it is necessary to study the process of formation of civic identity in the national science.

The social state as a condition for the emergence and development of charity

The article is devoted to the study of the welfare state as a condition for the emergence and development of charity in Ukraine, because charity and charitable activity in the conditions of transformational challenges have become an important part of social and legal life. During the research, theoretical analysis, synthesis, systematization of current legal documents and the method of theoretical-structural refinement of the conceptual apparatus were applied. Social functioning is a tool for maintaining stability within the state, where there is a difference in income between the strata of the population. The fulfillment of the social duty by the state reduces the tension and dissatisfaction of population groups with insufficient income. Stability is a primary condition for ensuring economic growth, internal and external security. A social state should understood as a certain type of state, which differs from others by the priority of fulfilling a social function in the implementation of state policy. The main tasks of the state are: creation of a legally approved system of mechanisms and tools for the implementation of social functions; protection of the rights and observance of the interests of all citizens of the country on equal terms; implementation of the social component in all spheres of society. The strategic direction of the formation of civil society is the expansion of the scope of charity. Its nature consists in fulfilling a social function and uniting society. Modern charity is an objectively necessary typical practice of social interaction, supported by the system of institutions of social assistance, manifested in the forms of civic initiatives aimed at the integrative development of a harmonious social environment. Charitable activity is a necessary factor in the formation of civil society. Participation in it serves the social mobilization of society and forms the subject’s civic activity based on the principles of social solidarity. The social content of charity is a set of areas of socially significant activity that constitute voluntary selfless assistance to citizens and legal entities. The development of the institution of charity will allow consolidating the nation and humanizing the existing social relations.

PUBLIC GOVERNANCE - A SYSTEMIC PUBLIC PHENOMENON

In the article it is investigated how the formation of civil society in the country is taken place, what scientific rethinking is needed to determine the place of power in public administration. The way of formation of public administration, political system, state institutions from the period of the Old Russian state to the present is traced.The originations of problems of theory and practice of social management and policy of the Ancient world in the formation of states in the world are analyzed. The value of the state as a philosophical and legal theory and practice of organization of political power and management of society is pointed out. It is elucidated the advocating of ideasof the rule of law, the requirements to observe legal justice, the contractual concepts of the state. The essence of management in which the primary component is the person, its conscious activity is exposed. Two approaches to understanding of the content of public administration are highlighted: "American" and "European". Different viewsof scientists on the definition of "public administration" are analyzed. The stages of evolution of the managerial (managerial) school are considered and the term "social management" is noted. Different approaches to this "mechanism of influence" on society are highlighted. It is defined two approaches to management: "managerialism"and the theory of "scientific management of society". The meaning of the term "administration" is exposed and its interpretation from different points of view. It is pointed out the consideration of this concept in foreign practice, and, accordingly, in Ukraine. The concept of "public administration" is highlighted, and the "mechanism" of its action is indicated. It is determined the subjects of public administration such as: executive authorities, their staff, officials and office workers; executive bodies and officials of local self-government, officials and officials of executive bodies of local self-government. The characteristic features of the post-Soviet public administration transformation into public administration are highlighted

RELIGION, PUBLIC SPACE, AND CIVIL SOCIETY: Religious Social Movement to Realize Justice of The Surakarta Community

Surakarta is an urban area that grows dynamically in line with demographic, economic, cultural, religious, and infrastructure developments leading to a smart city. People know Surakarta as a multicultural, multi-ethnic, cultural and religious city. Surakarta's public space becomes a bridge for religion to campaign for citizenship rights and social justice. How is the presence of religion in Surakarta's public sphere in promoting social justice? This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research, for data collection purposes, observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation are carried out. The analysis model s using interactive analysis. Because in the public space of Surakarta there are various kinds of pluralism, and democracy also society, for this reason the presence of religion is expected not to threaten these things. The growth of religious pluralism with contestation in the public sphere often triggers socio-religious conflicts. The presence of religion in the public sphere is expected to encourage the development of moderate religious discourses with discourse on pluralism, democracy, religious freedom, social justice, and peace amid the strengthening role of religion in socio-political life. Religion in Surakarta has so far been able to encourage social resilience by strengthening social networks, community participation, and enlivening cultural activities. Religion-based social nodes in Surakarta fight for the fulfillment of social justice such as the distribution of basic necessities, the distribution of entrepreneurship, and the fulfillment of the rights of citizens. Religion contributes to the formation of civil society in which religion is implemented as a social ethic that leads to the formation of social nodes that uphold the values of humanism, democracy, and social justice.

ПРОБЛЕМНІ ПИТАННЯ ЩОДО ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ПСИХОСОМАТИЧНИХ ЗМІН У ЖЕРТВ КРИМІНАЛЬНИХ ПРАВОПОРУШЕНЬ СЕКСУАЛЬНОГО ХАРАКТЕРУ, ВЧИНЕНИХ ДЕРЖАВОЮ-АГРЕСОРОМ

The article examines separate sexual problems of psychosomatic disorders of persons who have become victims of sexual criminal offenses; issues related to behavioral analysis, the state of health, physical and moral balance, the internal complex of unrealized anger, social dissatisfaction, models of unresolved conflict in Ukrainian society. Proposals for reforming outdated legal norms and social practices, expanding the range of understanding of social space, victims of sexual criminal offenses of a sexual nature and refugees, of which there are many, are significant for the constitutional values of our citizens. As a result of post-traumatic stress disorder, the lives of victims of sexual violence by the Russian military have drastically changed in their families and in society. The consequences form the victims individually specific and distorted experience, peculiarities of sexual relations, degree and state of deprivation. In cases where the victim was intimidated, forced to engage in sexual relations in childhood and adolescence, raped several times, the symptoms are complicated by the formation of persistent post-traumatic stress disorder. Legal guarantees are the decisive legal means of ensuring, implementing, protecting human and citizen rights in Ukraine. Realization and guarantee of the rights, especially with various types of deprivations, of the citizens of our country, is one of the most important factors of the proper development of Ukraine, the formation of civil society, a convincing evidence of democracy for joining the EU. The anti-social, criminal behavior of Russians, during the military aggression against Ukraine, uncontrolled aggressiveness, murders, mutilations, torture of civilians, rape of women, girls and children require legal assessment, particularly at the international level. Key words: criminal offenses of a sexual nature, mental disorders, psychosomatics, criminology, verification, mental deprivation.

Freedom of Conscience in Civil Society: Legal and Moral Dimensions

Freedom of conscience, by virtue of its nature, exists simultaneously in a legal and moral dimensions. The analysis of the doctrine, legislation and law enforcement practice suggests the existence of legal (formal) and moral (substantive) problems associated with it. The formal problem of freedom of conscience is associated with identification of this freedom with a much narrower freedom of religion. The analysis of approaches existing in Russian legal science regarding the concept of freedom of conscience allows us to group them in two main approaches, namely, the restrictive approach and the expanding approach. In legislation and the law enforcement practice, the restrictive approach to freedom of conscience prevails. It entails a violation of the rights and freedoms of citizens in this area. The separation of legal definitions of freedom of conscience and freedom of religion can help to solve the problem at the legislative level. In relation to the category of freedom of conscience, there is also a substantial problem based on the fact that the low level of legal culture of Russian citizens, complicating the formation of civil society, affects the perception of freedom of conscience and the permissibility of its necessary restrictions. In other words, citizens, exercising this freedom, often interpret it broadly. The solution of this problem requires an increase in the level of legal and general culture of citizens, the formation of moral principles necessary for every member of civil society, including the activities of religious associations and educational organizations.

Non-Governmental Institutions as Actors of German ‘Soft Power’ in Ukraine (1992-2022)

The purpose of the research paper is to characterize the activity of German non-governmental institutions (organizations) in Ukraine during 1992-2022 through the prism of the concept of ‘soft power’ by J. Nye, as well as to clarify the forms, aims, priorities, and results of their activity.
 The scientific novelty is in the concept of ‘soft power’ application in the study of the activities of German non-governmental organizations in Ukraine at the time of independence.
 The methodology of the research, which is essentially interdisciplinary, is based on the combination of the political science concept of J. Nye and the historical approach. The ‘soft power’ of Germany is analyzed as a combination of four components: resources (values, language, culture, etc.), actors (subjects of influence who use the attractiveness of the resources to involve target groups of the population), tools (means of influence including public diplomacy and its varieties), results (positive image, implementation of political and cultural values, etc.).
 Conclusions. Since the beginning of its independence, Ukraine has become the object of significant interest both on the part of the government agencies of the Federal Republic of Germany and its numerous non-governmental institutions that have been active in our country since 1992.
 German non-governmental organizations can be conditionally divided into two groups: 1) political, which primarily include party foundations; 2) cultural, educational, and scientific, among which the Goethe-Institut, the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), the German Wave (Deutsche Welle) and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation should be singled out.
 When implementing the ‘soft power’ policy, these institutions rest on such resources as democracy and a developed civil society’s values, the German language and culture, and the federal system of education and science. The activities of German non-governmental organizations in Ukraine generally correspond to their general goals.
 Among the main results of these institutions’ activities can be named the formation of a positive image of Germany in Ukraine, as well as the spread of European political values among target groups of the Ukrainian population (mainly young people). The result of the latter has become the formation of civil society in Ukraine and increasing European integration, which has been also facilitated by the activities of other democratic countries’ institutions. However, confirmation of the last statement requires separate research. It also seems promising to study the relationship between Germany’s ‘soft power’ (or another Western country) and the emigration of the Ukrainian population during the period of independence.

FORMULASI MODERASI BERAGAMA DALAM PEMIKIRAN YUSUF AL-QARDHAWI SEBAGAI BASIS MEWUJUDKAN MASYARAKAT MADANI

This study aims to explain the formulation of religious moderation in Yusuf al-Qardhawi's thoughts and the relevant values of religious moderation in civil society. The data was obtained using the documentation method of Yusuf al-Qardhawi's thoughts on religious moderation which can be used as a reference for the formation of civil society. The findings of this study emphasize two aspects: first, the concept of forming a civil society stems from Yusuf al-Qardhawi's thought of religious moderation and the values that must exist in civil society; second, indicators that can be used as benchmarks to assess the achievements of civil society which include: egalitarian (equality), respect for achievement, openness, tolerance, and deliberation. Therefore, an in-depth study is needed to measure the civilization that has been built today as an effort to achieve welfare targets in the form of civil society.

ОБМЕЖЕННЯ ПРАВ ТА СВОБОД ЯК ЕЛЕМЕНТ КОНСТИТУЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВОГО СТАТУСУ ОСОБИ

The phenomenon of restriction of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen has been studied as a component of the institution of the constitutional and legal status of a person. The purpose of the article is to establish the peculiarities of the regulation of relations arising in connection with the restriction of the constitutional rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen. It was established that the constitutional and legal status of a person and a citizen, as well as the limitation of rights and freedoms as its component, has features common to all states, as it is largely based on generally recognized international standards. At the same time, a specific state or group of states may have its own specificity determined by historical and cultural features. It was revealed that the possibility of restricting the rights and freedoms of a person is provided for in the constitutions of almost all states. The relevant grounds, as a general rule, are the introduction of a state of war or emergency in the country or its parts. The scientific position is supported that the normalization of relations that arise in connection with the restriction of rights and freedoms is important, because in this way the state exerts influence not only on an individual, but also on the life of the entire society. Therefore, the approaches of the state and the attitude of society to the limitation of individual rights largely reflect the nature and essence of the relationship between a person and the state in the context of the formation of a democratic civil society and the rule of law. Based on the results of the analysis of international acts (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, ECHR) and the practice of the ECtHR, the conclusion was formulated that restrictions on the rights and freedoms of man and citizen are necessary for civil society, with the caveat that such restrictions/interventions have be justified The conditions of such justification have been clarified - the restriction/intervention must be carried out legally, with a legal (legitimate) purpose, in the interests of a democratic society. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure a balance between social and state necessity and the needs and interests of the individual as a bearer of constitutional rights and freedoms.

A Theoretical Model of the Development of Public Citizenship in a Sustainable Environment: Case of Lithuania

The main finding of this paper is presented as a theoretical model of the development of public citizenship in a sustainable environment that has been created for the case of Lithuania. Revealing the relevance of this phenomenon and the level of its research, the authors notice that the studies of other researchers lack a holistic approach and present a clearer systematic assessment, presenting research on public citizenship and modernization in a sustainable environment. Additionally, the interaction between these two components and the corresponding directions was not analyzed at all. By naming the existing scientific problem, the authors of the article aim to fill this conceptual and empirical gap. The stated goal and tasks of the article respond to the scientific problem and the achieved results. The authors studied the variables of public citizenship assessment; performed an analysis of social, economic and environmental aspects and substantiated the interaction between the expression of modernization changes and the formation of civil society, distinguishing the factors promoting and limiting community citizenship. Therefore, the authors emphasize that the new theoretical construct proposed in the presented model will help to fill methodological gaps in the scientific literature and, in making practical decisions, will stimulate scientific debate. First of all, the paper discusses the conceptual issues of the expression of modernization of civil society, highlighting and justifying the interaction of social changes and sustainable environment in economic, social, political, environmental, and cultural aspects, presenting the case of Lithuania (The Case of Lithuania). On the other hand, following the document of the Sustainable Development Strategy of the United Nations, the field of progress and resilience of Lithuanian society in a modern society is discussed, identifying and analyzing various criteria that have been empirically tested. The authors noted that the democratic cube model was used to create a theoretical model of public citizenship development in a harmonious environment, and the HDI model (human development index) was also integrated. The model created by the authors systematically explains the analysis of the relationship between the expression of modernization changes identified in the research and the formation of civil society; second, it substantiates the process of interaction between modernization changes and public citizenship, discussing four fields of expression. Practically, the model will help researchers conceptually analyze and empirically study public citizenship; will help public policymakers and implementers to manage effectively, ensuring quality changes in society and managing new challenges, and it will also contribute to the conceptual formation of the country’s long-term development strategy.

Negacja społeczeństwa obywatelskiego w totalitaryzmie. Kilka refleksji

The totalitarian polity is basically one of coercion focused on executing a narrow and uncompromising ideological vision by means of mass terror. Setting up any kind of organization is not possible without the acceptance of the state and thus no grass-roots organizations can exist in a totalitarian state. In other words, any form of civil society (understood as both autonomous from the state and capable of generating social capital) is not possible under totalitarianism.

Evolution of Civil Society in Kuwait (1961–2020)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of civil society in Kuwait, one of the oil–producing monarchies of the Gulf region, which was distinguished by a high degree of civic activity. The purpose of the article is to trace the stages of the development of civil society in the context of domestic and international situation dynamics. The role of several key political events from the history of the country in the direction of civil activism of its inhabitants is shown The first stage refers to the period when the country gained political independence. At that time, the formation of civil society was influenced by the Kuwaiti crisis, when Iraq put forward claims to Kuwait as part of its state, which led to the growth of civil consciousness.The next stage was the period following the Iraqi aggression against the country in August 1990, creating another factor of civil society mobilization aimed at resisting the occupiers and protecting its national identity. Its further transformation takes place during the mass protests of 2011, to the present state. At that time, civil activity in Kuwait reached a peak level, especially among youth groups, but soon began to decline under the influence of turbulence that became reality of the region and related threats to society as a whole. Mass protests demonstrated that civil activity in Kuwait reached a peak level, especially among youth groups, but soon began to decline under the influence of turbulence that engulfed the region and related threats to society as a whole. The non-governmental organizations that emerged at that time were fragmentary. Most of them were created on the basis of the interests of small groups that solved tasks that had no significance for the broad strata of Kuwaiti society.