The article considers the results of an experimental study of the formation of civil identity in children of senior preschool age in the conditions of pre-school education. The research analyzes scientific approaches to understanding the problem of civil identity formation in modern research, determines the significance of civil identity formation for the full development of preschool children’s personality, describes the features and assesses the possibilities of its formation in the process of project activities of children in the preschool education system. The authors have shown the possibility of realization of cultural-historical and system-activity approaches in organization of educational activity on the formation of civil identity of preschoolers. The obtained data was subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis.