Space Form Research Articles

B. Y. Chen-Ricci inequalities for anti-invariant Riemannian submersions in Kenmotsu space forms

The aim of the present paper is to analyze sharp type inequalities including the scalar and Ricci curvatures of anti-invariant Riemannian submersions in Kenmotsu space forms Ks(ε)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$K_{s}(\\varepsilon )$$\\end{document}. We give non-trivial examples for anti-invariant Riemannian submersions, investigate some curvature relations between the total space and fibres according to vertical and horizontal cases of ξ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\xi $$\\end{document}. Moreover, we acquire Chen-Ricci inequalities on the kerϑ∗\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\ker \\vartheta _{*}$$\\end{document} and (kerϑ∗)⊥\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$(\\ker \\vartheta _{*})^{\\bot }$$\\end{document} distributions for anti-invariant Riemannian submersions from Kenmotsu space forms according to vertical and horizontal cases of ξ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\xi $$\\end{document}.

Hypersurfaces of the Space form for Which the Covariant Derivative of Their Ricci Tensors has Vanishing Minimal Norm Tensor

Hypersurfaces of the Space form for Which the Covariant Derivative of Their Ricci Tensors has Vanishing Minimal Norm Tensor

Research on optimization strategies for urban park green space planning in Nanjing based on GIS from the perspectives of network analysis and Thiessen polygon theory

Urban Park green space is an essential carrier and form of urban recreation space, playing an important role in improving the ecological environment and enhancing the image of the city. With the process of urbanization and the continuous improvement of residents’ living standards, urban park construction has become increasingly important to meet people’s growing needs for a better life. However, the evaluation indicators for urban park green space in China mostly consider macroscopic levels, such as the area, number and per capita green area of parks. This cannot fully reflect the level of park green space services. Accessibility can reflect the convenience of residents to reach the park, provide guidance for the reasonable layout of parks and have various evaluation methods relying on geographic information technology. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively study the layout and accessibility of park green space. Taking the central urban area of Nanjing as the research object, this paper summarizes existing research and focuses on evaluating the accessibility of park green space while analyzing the layout of parks from multiple perspectives, combined with the existing pressure appraisal of park green space services. Relevant data on Nanjing, including overall planning and statistical yearbooks, were collected and analyzed using geographic information system (GIS) tools, network analysis and Thiessen polygon theory to analyze the service pressure, demand and accessibility of park green space in the central urban area under different transportation methods. Based on the results, targeted optimization strategies are proposed.

Numerical evaluation of space form design for outpatient waiting space to reduce airborne infection risk in hospitals

The outpatient waiting space (OWS), with high density and frequent variations of occupants, represents a high-risk space for the spread of respiratory infectious diseases (RIDs) in hospitals. While previous studies have proposed strategies related to occupant behavior and environmental quality, there is a limited exploration of the impact of space form design on infection risk in OWSs. This study developed a numerical method for assessing the airborne infection risk, considering the non-uniform distribution of infectious particles and variations in occupant distributions. Validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were employed to calculate the particle distributions. The intake fraction, accumulated throughout the waiting process, was then integrated into the Wells-Riley model for risk evaluation. Using the typical ventilation form of ceiling supply and ceiling return, with an air change per hour (ACH) set to 6 h−1 as the baseline, 12 typical space forms, including four space shapes (L shape, T shape, U shape, and O shape) and three entrance layouts (single-side entrance, middle entrance, and double-side entrances), were selected for comparisons. The results showed significant variations in infectious particle distributions across the 12 space forms, with average infection probabilities (IPs) ranging from 3.47 % to 19.75 %, suggesting that appropriate space form design has the potential to reduce IP by 16.28 %. These findings offer a novel perspective on mitigating airborne infection risk in hospitals by emphasizing the significance of architectural design. Moreover, precise space design guidance is proposed for OWS to safeguard human health against the spread of RIDs.

Inconspicuous geography of retail trade: reaching the Global South consumers

By analysing the inconspicuous geography of retail trade, this paper aims to reveal the largely unknown routes and people that play a crucial role in the globalised economy. For the last thirty years, transnational routes of exchange have connected the world’s workshop, mainly in China, with the so-called market of the poor.This paper is based on long-term fieldwork that attempts to investigate globalisation in the most “discrete” spaces of the global world. This other view of globalisation focuses, from a geographical perspective, on its less visible but essential forms in interstitial spaces. In order to understand these other “Silk Roads”, we propose to take and follow these thousand and one roads in order to analyse a globalisation from below and from the point of view of the different actors that underpin it.In the first section, we propose to map this “other” globalisation, examining geopolitical reconfigurations, the nature of the goods traded, the growing role of economic actors such as entrepreneurial migrants and diasporas, and the changing hierarchy of spaces, including rural centres and small towns. The links go beyond the North-South divide and reflect the growth of trade between the BRICs, including China, and regions of the world that have been marginalised in world trade. Secondly, we propose to look at the Mediterranean area, which has renewed its multiple networks and commercial hubs. In the last section, the analysis focuses on globalisation in West Africa, a region that for too long has been considered peripheral and “late” in its integration into the world (and thus despite centuries of slave trade). We demonstrate that discrete spaces serve as strategic places for the circulation and marketing of products that are massively consumed by millions of “poor” people.

Zooming in on Urban Life in Early Modern Amsterdam. Time Machine as a Tool for Researching Everyday Urban Experience Across Space and Time

How do we make sense of urban life in the past? What do we do when we study urban history, and to what extent do our methods fully capture the complexities of historical city living? These are crucial questions for any scholar interested in the historical dimensions of urban experience. Notwithstanding the interest of most urban historians in the relationship between the physical form of urban space and its experience by inhabitants and visitors, very few scholars have written histories that systematically integrate these two areas of inquiry. In this article the authors argue that such research requires a method and an accompanying digital tool that can analyze historical urban life in a more integrated, holistic way. The authors propose a way forward by introducing the Time Machine platform as a scalable data visualization and analysis tool for researching everyday urban experience across space and time. To illustrate the potential, the authors focus on a case study: the area of the Bloemstraat in early modern Amsterdam. Unpacking a section of the Bloemstraat, house by house and room by room, this case shows how the Time Machine forms an instrument to connect spatial layouts to the arrangement of objects and to the practical and social use of the space by the inhabitants and visitors. The authors also sketch how this tool illuminates more dynamic spatial and temporal practices such as how people, goods and activities are connected to locations in the wider city and beyond.

Weak form of ideal nano topological spaces for semi-local functions

Weak form of ideal nano topological spaces for semi-local functions

Reduce childhood obesity via new form of nano hexa topological space

Reduce childhood obesity via new form of nano hexa topological space

THE FRACTAL ZAKHAROV–KUZNETSOV–BENJAMIN–BONA–MAHONY EQUATION: GENERALIZED VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE AND THE SEMI-DOMAIN SOLUTIONS

By means of He’s fractal derivative, a new fractal (2 + 1)-dimensional Zakharov–Kuznetsov–Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation is extracted in this paper. The semi-inverse method is employed to establish the generalized fractal variational principle. The generalized fractal variational principle can show the conservation laws through the energy form in the fractal space. Moreover, some semi-domain solutions are also explored by applying the variational approach and the one-step method namely Wang’s direct mapping method-II. The dynamics of the extracted solutions on the Cantor set are unveiled graphically. The findings of this study are expected to provide some new insights into the exploration of the fractal PDEs.

Study on Pore Structure Characteristics of tight Sandstone Reservoirs -- Taking Chang 8 in XX block of Ordos Basin as an example

The XX block of Ordos Basin has recently achieved a major exploration breakthrough, however the reservoir is more heterogeneous and the single well productivity is more different. Based on drilling, core, analysis and testing data, the rock characteristics, physical characteristics and microscopic pore structure characteristics of the area are comprehensively analyzed. A set of reservoir classification criteria with strong applicability is established. The results show that the reservoir lithology in the study area is complex, and the types and geometric forms of reservoir space are diverse. The porosity is 0.15%~13.65%, and the permeability is) 0.001~83.5 (×10-3μm2. The distribution range of physical properties is wide, and the overall performance is low porosity and ultra-low permeability. The heterogeneity is strong, and a few large pores have an important influence on reservoir permeability. A set of reservoir classification and evaluation criteria is established. The study area mainly develops type II reservoirs. The classification and evaluation criteria can provide reference for the later exploration and development of the study area.

The geometry at infinity of LW-spacelike submanifolds in semi-Riemannian space forms

The geometry at infinity of LW-spacelike submanifolds in semi-Riemannian space forms

Теоремы о дифференцируемых сферах для многообразий с ограниченными сверху кривизнами Риччи

In the present paper, we prove that if is an -dimensional compact Riemannian manifold and if where , and are the sectional and Ricci curvatures of respectively, then is diffeomorphic to a spherical space form where is a finite group of isometries acting freely. In particular, if is simply connected, then it is diffeo­mor­phic to the Euclidian sphere

Characterizing linear Weingarten submanifolds in a Riemannian space form via $L$-parabolicity

Characterizing linear Weingarten submanifolds in a Riemannian space form via $L$-parabolicity

The eigenvalues of $ \beta $-Laplacian of slant submanifolds in complex space forms

<abstract><p>In this paper, we provided various estimates of the first nonzero eigenvalue of the $ \beta $-Laplacian operator on closed orientated $ p $-dimensional slant submanifolds of a $ 2m $-dimensional complex space form $ \widetilde{\mathbb{V}}^{2m}(4\epsilon) $ with constant holomorphic sectional curvature $ 4\epsilon $. As applications of our results, we generalized the Reilly-inequality for the Laplacian to the $ \beta $-Laplacian on slant submanifolds of a complex Euclidean space and a complex projective space.</p></abstract>

Dirt Jumps are Matter Carefully Placed, Maintained, and Governed

Dirt Jumps are Matter Carefully Placed, Maintained, and Governed

Theorems of existence and uniqueness for pointwise-slant immersions in Kenmotsu space forms

<abstract><p>The present paper aims to demonstrate the theorems of existence and uniqueness for pointwise slant immersions in Kenmotsu space forms. Some substantial results are given in this direction. Also, we offer non-trivial examples of pointwise slant submanifolds of an almost contact- metric manifold.</p></abstract>

Characterizations for pseudoparalel submanifolds of Lorentz-Sasakian space forms

In this article, total geodesic submanifolds for Lorentz-Sasakian space forms are investigated. For these submanifolds, pseudoparallel, 2-pseudoparallel, Ricci generalized pseudoparallel and 2-Ricci generalized pseudoparallel invariant submanifolds have been studied and many new results have been obtained. In addition, necessary and sufficient conditions have been obtained for these submanifolds to be total geodesic on the concircular and projective curvature tensors.

Механизмы моделирования семантики метафорического термина (на материале юридической терминологии)

The aim of the article is the identification of the specificity of metaphorical modeling of the Russian legal terminology in the aspect of the types involved as bases of cognitive models. The theoretical and methodological basis is approaches developed within a cognitive approach to the semantics of the term and metaphorology (conceptual metaphor theory, metaphorical modeling theory, extended conceptual metaphor theory). The analysis methodology includes the continuous selection method, MIPVU; the components’ and conceptual frames’ analysis method, the metaphorical modeling procedure. The empirical data are 909 legal metaphor terms in Russian. The study established the following. The metaphorical fragment of the legal terminology is diverse. In the aspect of the semantics of the source conceptual domains for the representation of knowledge in the field of law, the macrocategories of HUMAN, OBJECT, and SPACE prevail. The HUMAN macro-category is more often used to reveal abstract legal domains such as LEGAL, JUDICIAL, ECONOMIC, CIVIL, POLITICAL, PROCEDURAL, ILLEGAL ACTION, and LEGAL STATE. Models representing physical actions of a human are more actively involved in legal knowledge modeling. The representations of character traits, mental, communicative and social actions are also applied. The macro-category OBJECT most often profiles the characteristics of the legal domains, OBJECT OF LEGAL RELATIONS and its PROPERTIES, OBJECT OF ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND CIVIL RELATIONS, and PROPERTY OF OBJECT OF ECONOMIC RELATIONS. The most common notions about the object are most often involved here: the majority of metaphors are based on image-schemes. The macro-category SPACE forms such abstract legal domains as PROPERTIES OF THE OBJECT OF LEGAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS, SUBJECT OF LEGAL RELATIONS, LEGAL STATUS, STATE OF THE OBJECT OF ECONOMIC RELATIONS, and LEGAL ACTION. Spatial organization and movements notions are involved more consistently. In the aspect of organization, the markers of the spatial part and size are more prominent. Within terms’ semantics modeling based on this knowledge, the image-scheme “source–path–goal” is actively applied, but representations of the vertical direction of spatial movements are rarely involved.

A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN APARTMENT OCCUPANCY PATTERNS AND STUDENT BEHAVIOR PATTERNS Case Study: Gading Icon Apartment

Apartment is a room or several rooms (rooms) that are functioned or designated as a place to live, located in a building that usually has other rooms or rooms and the like. This study attempts to explore and analyze the relationship between residential space patterns and student behavior patterns in Jakarta. The behavioral patterns of students that affect the pattern of vertical residential spaces not only have an impact on the behavior and form of space but also see how student behavior shapes architecture in residential space patterns and architecture shapes student behavior. The purpose of this study is to understand the theory related to the relationship between vertical residential space patterns and student behavior patterns, to understand the characteristics of the relationship between residential space patterns and student behavior, to understand environmental factors for student behavior. The research method taken on the research approach uses a qualitative descriptive method. The data studied and obtained are physical and non-physical data obtained from interviews, observations, and mapping of student behavior patterns in residential spaces of Jakarta apartments. The approach that will be used is the Human Behavior approach to students in apartment housing. From the analysis of behavior patterns carried out, student activities are quite dense, causing the use of furniture according to needs and has ergonomic characteristics.

Young Girl as Seen in Anne Frank’s The Diary of A Young Girl

This research is motivated by the existence of personality forms and cool rooms that are hiding places where Anne's maturity grows, which is realized by the mob in Anne Frank's novel The Diary of a Young Girl. The purpose of this study is to identify Anne's personality form, analyze the shape of the foreign space where Anne's maturity grows in Anne Frank's novel The Diary of a Young Girl. The method with the research is descriptive qualitative research and the approach used is literary psychology with psychology literature Sigmund Freud theory. The data in this novel are excerpts from words, sentences related to the personality of Anne's character and forms of foreign space that affect Anne's maturity growth. The data collection techniques in this study were reading, marking the data, recording and distinguishing the data collected based on Anne’s personality and foreign space that influenced Anne’s maturity in Anne Frank novel The Diary of a Young Girl. The result of this study indicate that in the novel The Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank, the personality experienced by Anne Frank by is more Id than the Ego and Superego, this is due to the difference in her Mother’s love between herself and older sister, and the form of foreign space that affects Anne Frank maturity is a room called the Secret Annex.