Form Of Physiotherapy Research Articles

Effects of postural drainage, incorporating the forced expiration technique, on pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis

Detailed pulmonary function tests were performed on 12 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) before and after 3 days treatment with postural drainage incorporating the forced expiration technique. The results following treatment showed a statistically significant improvement in FEV 1 ( P<0.001), FVC ( P<0.001), PEFR ( P<0.001), PIFR ( P<0.001), and V E max50 ( P<0.025). The study demonstrates objective benefit from this form of physiotherapy in cystic fibrosis patients with copious bronchial secretions.

Physiotherapy in the management of temporomandibular disorders.

Abstract: Physiotherapy is concerned with the relief of pain and the restoration of function in the musculoskeletal system following trauma, disease, and dysfunction. This paper presents a review of the different forms of physiotherapy and their application to temporomandibular problems.

Use of Spinal Traction in the Treatment of Neck and Back Conditions

Spinal traction is a time-honored method for the treatment of disc protrusion, degenerative disc disease, and joint dysfunction. Effective treatment is not as easy or as simple to administer as it may appear. Many variations of technique exist, some of questionable value. It must be emphasized that spinal traction is only a part of the total management-treatment regimen, which includes other forms of physical therapy. Without a total management program, spinal traction, like many other empiric methods, has little chance of long-range benefit. Consequently, physicians prescribing spinal traction must be prepared to apply proved diagnostic methods and other treatment methods.

Krusen's Handbook of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

This third edition of Krusen is a considerable departure from the second edition of 1971. It is a most comprehensive, multiauthored work. Three editors, all with Mayo Clinic experience, write eight of 52 chapters—the remainder are written by 22 other contributors from various parts of this country, and two from abroad. The scope of the book is large, including sections on arthritis, amputation, stroke, brain damage in children, spinal cord injury, auditory disorders, pulmonary and cardiac disease, burns, and cancer. Its scholarly nature is underlined throughout by references to basic physiology and with chapters specially devoted to motor function, gait analysis, electromyography, and nerve conduction, including one on the effects of immobilization. The physiological effect of various forms of physical therapy is well documented with extensive citations to the literature. The psychological reaction to injury seems to be the newest theme in rehabilitation. While the psychology of the injured person

Assessment of recovery of arm control in hemiplegic stroke patients. 1. Arm function tests.

In a preliminary study a group of hemiplegic patients have been assessed for return of arm function for periods up to 64 weeks after stroke. The assessment procedure employs a few simple and easily performed tests which take into account principles of the central nervous control of movement. The tests are highly repeatable and can be carried out by staff untrained in medicine or any form of physical therapy. Patients have been divided into two groups on the basis of the scores obtained in the tests at 16 weeks after stroke. The group scoring 80% or more are very likely subsequently to recover useful function of the arm and hand. The group of patients scoring less than 80% at 16 weeks after stroke are likely subsequently to recover limited arm movements and little hand movement. The preliminary results would suggest that the tasks provide a guide to prognosis and an indiction of the most suitable type of general physical therapy.

Evaluation of the effects of different forms of physiotherapy in cervical pain

Evaluation of the effects of different forms of physiotherapy in cervical pain

Topical cytotoxic therapy of solar keratoses with 5-fluorouracil.

Five–fluorouracil (5–FU), an antimetabolite for uracil, was synthesized in 1957, and its anti–tumour properties were demonstrated. Observations that solar keratoses disappeared in patients being treated internally with 5–FU led to its trial by topical application. The success of this treatment led to its use by a number of others, with excellent results. It is now the greatest advance to date in the treatment of solar keratoses, when multiple lesions are involved. It is most effective on the face, neck and trunk; the average course of treatment for these areas consists of the application of 5–FU twice a day for two weeks, without any external cover, followed by the application of a steroid ointment until the variable inflammatory reaction produced by 5–FU subsides. Lesions of the forearms, hands and legs usually require a minimum of four weeks’ treatment, and indurated lesions sometimes require even longer under an occlusive dressing, or some form of physical therapy, for example, cauterization or diathermy. Clinically invisible lesions become apparent under treatment, and are eliminated, and hitherto undetected skin cancers may become apparent, and be treated accordingly; thus topical 5–FU therapy is also a prophylactic measure. New lesions may appear, but patients usually experience at least several years of freedom after treatment. Patient acceptance of the treatment is good, and the cosmetic results are excellent. No deleterious systemic effects have been noted, in spite of repeated blood tests and other investigative procedures. 5–FU is applied usually in a strength of from 1% to 2% in propylene glycol, or of 5% in a hydrophilic ointment base, for the treatment of solar keratoses, it has also been used with success, with a high cure rate, under an occlusive dressing in the treatment of superficial rodent carcinomas, Bowen's disease and keratoacanthomas. Some patients with leucopiakia and Queyrat's erythroplasia have also been successfully treated. It has a cure rate of approximately 50% only in cases of indurated or fibrous cicatricial rodent carcinoma and also in squamous carcinoma. It is strongly advised that all patients should be observed by their physician at least once a week during treatment, so that surface debris can be removed, thus allowing better access of the 5–FU to the affected cells. In addition, the patient can be advised to change the number of applications per day or temporarily discontinue treatment, should the degree of reaction indicate the advisability of such a procedure.

Psychotherapy of schizophrenia: some theoretical and practical aspects.

Although schizophrenic patients treated with psychotherapy constitute all over the world a small minority in comparison to those treated with various forms of physical therapy, their number is rapidly increasing. This type of therapy is still in the pioneering stage, in spite of gigantic steps made in this field in the last few decades. This treatment is not yet fully organized and not entirely understood, since the pioneers and their followers have used different methods or have given different interpretations to their approaches. In the first section of this paper a review will be made of the theoretical bases of the main methods. In the remaining sections an outline of the methodology adopted by the present author will be presented. Review of the Theoretical Bases of the Main Methods It is possible to recognize that each method adopted in the psychotherapy of schizo-phrenia is the

Sciatic Nerve Palsy Following Delivery

Mechanical trauma to the lumbosacral plexus may cause maternal sensory and motor changes from paresthesias in the distribution of the external popliteal or peroneal nerve to complete anesthesia, and from weakness to complete paralysis of the involved muscles.Treatment consists of various forms of physical therapy. In the presence of weakness, the involved muscles are splinted in the position of function. Leg braces are used for ambulatory patients. Surgical treatment is indicated in some instances.

Brine bath treatments for decubitus ulcers.

The brine bath is part of an active program of treatment for decubitus ulcers. The brine is a solution of 5% crude rock salt and 2.5% magnesium sulfate. The temperature is about 37.8 C (100 F) at the beginning but should be adjusted to the patient's tolerance; it is allowed to decline during the 20 minutes of administration. The Hubbard tank is preferred to a tub because the patient can be more easily helped and underwater exercise can be given. The bath is part of the local treatment, which also includes other forms of physical therapy and may call for surgery; in addition the general condition of the patient needs attention. Motivation and instruction in self-care may be necessary. These recommendations are based on experience with some 1,400 patients with spinal cord injuries over a period of 12 years, with an average of 20 patients receiving brine baths each day.

Management of somatic complications in psychiatric patients.

Modern drugs have made the psychotic patient more amenable to treatment not only for his mental illness but also for coincident somatic disease. The author's experiences have shown that some otherwise negativistic patients respond to various forms of physical therapy. This includes the active and passive forms of therapeutic exercise, which have sometimes had strikingly beneficial effects. These are well illustrated in cases of catatonia in which patients frequently develop edema, contractures, and epidermophytosis as a result of prolonged immobility in peculiar postures. Physiatrists should not avoid contact with psychiatric patients. A favorable relationship can generally be established, and the foremost requirement is judicious patience. It is helpful to have the patient observe the treatment being applied to other patients. With rare exceptions, psychiatric patients with somatic ailments can be treated successfully.

A Study of the Effects of Physiotherapy in Chronic Hypertrophic Emphysema Using Lung Function Tests

SUMMARY 1) Respiratory function tests have been applied to 15 emphysematous subjects on several occasions until base line values have been obtained. 2) The patients have then been subjected to one of two forms of physiotherapy; either a course of breathing exercises or a course of breathing exercises augmented by electrical stimulation of chest and abdominal muscles during expiration. Function tests have been repeated and changes assessed. 3) In all, 19 studies were carried out on 15 subjects. Though all but two claimed to feel better after treatment, function studies suggested probable improvement in only two, possible improvement in two more, and deterioration in three. In the rest no definite change was observed. 4) It was concluded that no evidence of the efficacy of these procedures had been obtained and that the benefit claimed by the subject was more likely to be the result of his mental attitude than of true physical improvement.

Diagnosis and treatment of scapulocostal syndrome.

The scapulocostal syndrome is manifested by the insidious development of pain in the superior or posterior aspect of the shoulder girdle with radiation into one or more of the following regions: (1) the neck and occiput, often associated with severe headache; (2) the upper arm, particularly in the upper triceps and point of insertion of the deltoid muscle; (3) around the chest to the front of the thoracic wall; and (4) down the medial aspect of the forearm into the hand and fingers. Often there is numbness and tingling of the fingers, most commonly the fourth and fifth. The syndrome is caused by long-standing alteration of the relationship between the scapula and the posterior thoracic wall. It is characterized by remissions and exacerbations and may become acute, but it is more often chronic and can persist for years. It is refractory to the usual forms of physical therapy and is

Three Years' Experience with Electric Convulsive Therapy

ELECTRIC convulsive therapy has been used for the last three years at the Foxborough State Hospital and has become the chief form of physical therapy in the treatment of psychoses of psychogenic origin and of severe psychoneuroses. During this period 266 patients have been treated, as follows: schizophrenia, 175 cases; manic-depressive psychosis, 51 cases; involutional melancholia, 24 cases; and psychoneurosis, 16 cases. The majority of the schizophrenic patients had been in the hospital for periods ranging from one to thirty years and showed definite deterioration. In all newly admitted functional cases, an attempt was made to obtain permission for shock . . .

THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL THERAPY IN THE EARLY TREATMENT OF POLIOMYELITIS

A review of the medical literature during the past quarter century reveals many glowing reports on results from treatment of acute anterior poliomyelitis by numerous and widely different forms of physical therapy. In the earlier days bakes, massage and muscle training in conjunction with some form of immobilization during the acute stage only 1 were thought to offer great hope for the repair of these damaged muscles. Townsend 2 in 1916 stated that his best results in a New York epidemic were obtained in children kept in bed for at least one year. Judson 2 advised rest and fixation for twelve to twenty-four months. During this same period both faradic and galvanic stimulation of involved muscles was strongly advocated by some. Peckham 3 stated in 1916, Treatment should begin at once even in the acute stage by application of heat in order to obtain a fresh influx of blood to

Active muscle usage in the treatment of fractures

This paper stresses the importance of active muscle and joint usage in the treatment of fractures neglecting other forms of physiotherapy.

THE USE OF HISTAMINE IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Article1 May 1940THE USE OF HISTAMINE IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITISR. O. MUETHER, M.D.R. O. MUETHER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-13-11-2147 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThere can be little doubt that arthritis and allied conditions are assuming a deservedly more important place in the thoughts of both the clinician and the research worker. In spite of much recent work, however, a satisfactory basis for treatment has not been established, and some treatments are expensive and complicated. Fever therapy, hydrotherapy, etc., seem to give great relief but are difficult of attainment under ordinary circumstances. The production of artificial jaundice advocated by Hench is difficult to obtain because of its dangers and expense.1, 2, 3, 4It is true that certain forms of physical therapy can be...Bibliography1. HENCH PS: Analgesia accompanying hepatitis and jaundice in cases of chronic arthritis, fibrositis and sciatic pain, Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin., 1933, viii, 430. Google Scholar2. SIDELABRAMS NMI: Jaundice in arthritis—its analytic action, New England Jr. Med., 1934, ccx, 181. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. HENCH PS: Effects of jaundice on arthritis, Arch. Int. Med., 1938, lxi, 451. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. THOMPSONWYATH HEBL: Experimentally induced jaundice, Arch. Int. Med., 1938, lxi, 481. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. DEUTSCH D: Histamine in the therapy of rheumatic diseases, Med. Klin., 1931, xxvii, 1491. Google Scholar6. KLING DH: Treatment of myositis, arthritis and disturbance of peripheral circulation with histamine cataphoresis, Arch. Surg., 1934, xxix, 138. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. KLING DH: Histamine therapy of rheumatic affections and disturbances of the peripheral circulation, Ann. Surg., 1934, xcix, 568. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. KLINGSASHIN DHD: Histamine iontophoresis in rheumatic conditions and deficiencies of peripheral circulation, Arch. Phys. Therap., X-Ray and Radium, 1937, xviii, 333. Google Scholar9. SHANSONEASTWOOD BCB: The use and action of histamine in rheumatism, Lancet, 1934, i, 1226. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Louis, Missouri*Received for publication September 28, 1938.From the Arthritis Division, St. Louis University Group of Hospitals. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byClinical Uses of Histamine and Histaminase-An EvaluationAn investigation of the question of histamine tolerance 1 May 1940Volume 13, Issue 11Page: 2147-2153KeywordsArthritisHistamineHyperthermiaRheumatoid arthritis Issue Published: 1 May 1940 PDF downloadLoading ...

Recoveries from Leprosy 1

SummaryAbstracts are submitted from the clinical records of 65 lepers paroled during the past ten years from the National Leprosarium.Twelve paroled patients were of the nodular type on admission, with average ages of 39.5 years and an estimated average duration of 3.7 years prior to segregation. The average period of hospitalization for this group was 5.8 years.Twenty-six paroled patients were of the mixed type on admission, with average ages of 40 years and an estimated average duration of 6.8 years prior to segregation. The average period of hospitalization for this group was 5.5 years.Twenty-seven paroled patients were of the anesthetic type on admission with average ages of 30.9 years and an estimated average duration of 6.5 years prior to segregation. The average period of hospitalization for this group was 9 years.Fifty-five (33 active and 22 quiescent) lepers received crude chaulmoogra oil by mouth (39 received additional treatments).Twelve (7 active and 5 quiescent) lepers received benzocaine-chaulmoogra oil by intramuscular injection (8 received additional treatments).Twenty-one (15 active and 6 quiescent) lepers received the ethyl esters of chaulmoogra oil by intramuscular injection (13 received additional treatments).Nine (4 active and 5 quiescent) lepers received mercurochrome intravenously (5 received additional treatments).Four (2 active and 2 quiescent) lepers received Fowler's solution in conjunction with other treatments.Three (1 active and 2 quiescent) lepers received Salvarsan in conjunction with other treatments.One active leper received Tryparsamide in conjunction with other treatments.Four (2 active and 2 quiescent) lepers received intramuscular injections of smallpox vaccine (3 received additional treatments).Twenty-five (15 active and 10 quiescent) lepers received various forms of physiotherapy, (23 received additional treatments).Two patients, during their entire stay in the hospital declined to receive treatment.

The Nature of Arthritis, with Consideration of theRationaleUnderlying Some Forms of Physiotherapy Useful in This Disease

ARTHRITIS and rheumatoid conditions constitute the oldest disease entity of which there is any record. These and kindred afflictions were a cause of suffering among the dinosaurs of the Cretaceous Period long antedating the advent of man. Notwithstanding its antiquity, arthritis has been for generations relegated to the unprofitable and, hence, uninteresting chapters of medicine. Interest in it, however, is now undergoing a sharp exacerbation, due, first, to increasing information bearing upon the disease, and, second, to recognition, on the part of physicians and the public, albeit tardy, that it constitutes one of the really great scourges of society. Because of its refractory nature arthritis became one of the objectives of some leading forms of physiotherapy, as well as a chief raison d'etre for their existence. With certain important phases of physiotherapy the members of this Society are intimately concerned. It is, perhaps, relevant, therefore, to consider briefly the dynamic pathology of arthritis...

Physiotherapeutics of Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

AS late as the middle of the last century nothing was attempted except by medical measures in the treatment of disturbances of the circulation. Since then, physiotherapy has come steadily to the fore, and since the beginning of the present century it has been recognized as of equivalent value. Nowadays the majority of our heart cases are treated on physiotherapeutic as well as on medical lines. Forms of Physiotherapy.—Nearly all the recognized forms of physiotherapy are used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Even with bed-ridden patients, massage is used in the form of gentle effleurage, or of friction with some aromatic substance. Obese heart patients need more vigorous manipulation. Even in the precordial pains of an anginal character, vibratory massage is occasionally effectual. Medical gymnastics, both passive and active, are employed in several different ways, either manually or with the aid of special machines. Passive movements can be used even in cases of heart failure, but for active mo...