Forms Of Cultural Exchange Research Articles

고구려 암문토기의 기원 연구

This paper is to examine the origin of dark burnished marks, a distinctive feature of Koguryo Pottery. Dark burnished marks is a decorative pattern in which the surface of pottery with intricate designs using a sturdy tool, It is primarily found in pottery of northern ethnic groups such as Xiongnu, Xianbie, Koguryo, Balhae, and Khitan. In Koguryo, dark burnished marks appeared in the late mid-period when the use of fine clay became widespread. It is characterized by relatively simple pattern motifs like horizontal lines, square shapes, vertical lines, and continuous ring patterns, inscribed in various locations including the body of pottery. It is primarily found in relatively large and medium-sized vessels, such as jar, large jar, steamer, and large bowl. Dark burnished marks is not a decorative technique that originated in Koguryo. It was also found in Xiongnu pottery, which preceded Koguryo, as well as in the Three Yan or Northern Wei dynasty of pottery, which had close relationships with Koguryo. Xiongnu pottery was popular in the northern steppes, including Mongolia, from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD. Therefore, it is not directly related to the origin of dark burnished marks in Koguryo pottery. The Xiongnu had a significant influence on the development of Xianbei pottery culture. Dark burnished marks has been confirmed in Xianbei pottery from the 3rd century. It is difficult to establish a direct relationship between the pottery of Koguryo in the middle period and that of the Three Yan. This is due to differences not only in basic forms but also in aspects such as the types of vessels with dark burnished marks, the preferred locations of the application, and the preference for patterns. However, it is reasonable to understand the origin of dark burnished marks on Koguryo pottery in the context of the material culture exchange between Koguryo and the Murong Xianbei, who constantly competed for control of the Liaodong region from the 4th to the early 5th centuries. This is also the case with the introduction of mural tombs in Koguryo. It is likely that dark burnished marks of Koguryo pottery was the result of selective adoption of some elements, such as
 the ark burnished marks technique that has been passed down from the Xiongnu, rather than the formal elements of pottery, in the context of various forms of cultural exchange with the Three Yan.

On Schleiermacher's Translation Method based on Hermeneutics and Example Analysis

Schleiermacher's model is the foreignization translation method and domestication translation method based on hermeneutics, and Schleiermacher himself pays attention to the heterogeneity of the original text and foreignization. The foreignizing translation method has brought great inspiration to the cultural school of translation studies, and Schleiermacher also holds an extremely important position in the history of Western translation. Translation is the process of translating the meaning of one text into another language, just as the original author transforms their thoughts into words. From a cultural perspective, translation is not only a transformation of language symbols, but also a form of cultural exchange. As one of the ancient works in China, "The Doctrine of the Mean" is renowned for its profound ideological connotations, and the role played by translation is indelible. To conduct translation activities, the first step is to clarify the translation purpose. Different translators have different translation purposes and have different understandings and interpretations of the text due to differences in knowledge and experience. This paper discusses Schleiermacher's translation method from the perspective of hermeneutics, and based on this, conducts case analysis to understand its application in translation.

문화권에 따라 차별화되는 게임 번역 전략

With the advent of metaverse, the forms of cultural exchange between countries are increasingly diversified. In particular, the game industry plays an important role in cultural communication in this new era. This paper selects the current popular open world action adventure game ‘Genshin Impact’ developed by the Chinese game company HoYoverse as the research object, and mainly focuses on the translation strategies applied in translating culture-specific items in the game characters’ names and voice-overs. ‘Genshin Impact’ is one of the Chinese games that are successfully exported and localized in Korea as well as English-speaking societies; therefore, the analysis of the translation strategies differentiated according to different cultures will be conducive to exporting and localizing games. To this end, this paper analyzed culture-specific items and investigated how the translation strategies are differentiated.

Strategies of communicative influence and model of public diplomacy of the Kingdom of Spain in the globalised world of the 21st century: National Branding Experience for Ukraine (Institutional and Image Discourses)

Strategies of communicative influence and model of public diplomacy of the Kingdom of Spain in the globalised world of the 21st century: National Branding Experience for Ukraine (Institutional and Image Discourses) Post published:15.01.2024 Post category:Issue XXIV Viacheslav Tsivatyi PhD in History, Associate Professor, Merited Education Worker of Ukraine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Member of Board of the Scientific Society of History of Diplomacy and International Relations DOI: Abstract. The article examines the features of the development of public diplomacy in Spain and analyses its key directions of activity at different stages of historical development. The study is devoted to methodological problems, institutional origins, and achievements of the diplomacy of the Kingdom of Spain. Special attention is paid to the expediency of implementing in Ukraine the best diplomatic examples (models) and achievements of Spanish diplomacy in the conditions of a globalised world system. The focus is on the activity of the main governmental agencies that stimulate the development of full-fledged Spanish foreign cultural policy as the means both for the promotion of Spanish culture abroad and for the presentation of other cultures in Spain. At the same time, much attention is given to the new forms of cultural exchange, which promote the development of cultural dialogue between nations. The institutional development, the strategies of communicative influence and the model of national branding of the Kingdom of Spain are analysed. The historical legacy and modern practical experience of the diplomacy of the Kingdom of Spain have not lost their relevance to this day, and bilateral Spanish-Ukrainian relations firmly connect Spain and Ukraine through the millennia of European history. The focus is on the modern diplomatic system and model of Spanish diplomacy, national features of the Spanish school of diplomacy, the effectiveness of the diplomatic toolkit and the art of the negotiation process of Spain’s diplomats in the conditions of the globalised world system. The project Marca España proved to be an important step towards improving Spain’s national management system. Keywords: international relations, foreign policy, foreign cultural policy, diplomacy, public diplomacy, institutionalisation, national branding, Marca España, Ukraine, Spain

Problems Continue in the Horticulture Sector: the Seasonal Workers Pilot Review 2019

In March 2019, the UK government launched a pilot scheme offering six-month visas to migrant workers in the horticulture sector. The first year of operation of this scheme has now been evaluated by the Home Office and the Department for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA).1 It would have been easy to overlook the publication of this review, taking place as it did on 24 December 2021. However, it offers important insights into the problems experienced by workers in the sector and casts doubt on the wisdom of temporary visa schemes as a solution to labour shortages, given the additional vulnerabilities they create. This note offers a short history of seasonal agricultural work by way of background, before examining the Seasonal Workers Pilot (SWP) and the key findings of the government’s own evaluation. An early incarnation of the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Scheme (SAWS) was set up in 1945 to tackle post-war labour shortages.2 This encouraged young workers, often students, to spend short periods of time living on farms, picking fruit and vegetables during peak harvest times, which typically coincided with vacations. It was envisaged as a form of cultural exchange, with young people from the UK encouraged to spend time in other countries to assist with post-war reconstruction efforts.

Russia and France: Features of cultural dialogue at the beginning of the 21st century

This article investigates contemporary Russian and French cultural relations and peculiarities and new formats of cultural interaction between Russia and France. At the beginning of the 21st century, the cultural contacts of these countries were enriched by new interesting forms based on two basic principles: the scale of the event and the dialog principle of its organization. These two new principles could not be better embodied in such a new form of cultural exchange as cultural cross-years, which since 2010 have been regularly included in cultural exchanges between Russia and France. Russia and France have successfully held a cross-year of cultural, linguistic, and literary exchanges, as well as cultural tourism, regional cooperation, etc. Along with the emergence of new forms of Russian and French cultural ties at the beginning of the 21st century, there is a noticeable expansion of their actors, primarily due to the involvement of civil society, regions, and public organizations in the dialog. These actors conduct much work aimed at the decentralization of cultural ties, allowing them to actively develop in the extra-state plane. New ideas are also emerging, such as the twinning not only cities, but also of individual cultural monuments. The pandemic has brought many novel forms and ideas related to the organization of cultural events based on digital, remote, and online technologies into Russian and French cultural ties. This allowed Russia and France to keep cultural ties without significant losses and developing communication under quarantine restrictions. The conclusions drawn by the author of the article allow us to state that sanctions and political differences have not seriously affected Russian and French cultural ties. They proved resilient when faced with the serious challenges brought by the 21st century.

Cultural Exchange during English-Language Voluntourism (EVT) in Lima, Peru: A Postcolonial Analysis

ABSTRACT In recent years, English-language voluntourism (EVT) has grown in popularity, with many conceptualizing it as a form of cultural exchange between English speaking volunteers and members of a non-English speaking host community. This article explores relationships between and within volunteers and host groups of an EVT program in Lima, Peru. Using a postcolonial analytical framework, we explore how bringing together voluntourists and members of host communities from different socioeconomic backgrounds can reinforce inequality and difference between groups, even when framed as a “cultural exchange.” Presenting the idea of “worlds within worlds,” we argue that EVT, and the diffusion of English as a foreign “world” language, underscore an unequal and postcolonial dynamic between actors and the “worlds” from which they originate, both internationally and intra-nationally. In this way, EVT as cultural exchange creates a microcosm for maintaining wider systemic structures and inequalities.

Cultural exchange between Korea and Japan using traditional arts: Focused on the Osaka Yamamoto Theater

흔히 전통공연예술은 ‘전통’이라는 관념이 장벽이 되어 외국인들에게 접근하기 어려운 문화로 인식되곤 하였다. 그러나 최근에는 각 지역의 전통문화가 가진 고유성을 서로 존중하면서 문화적 자부심과 가치를 적극적으로 활용한 전통문화교류의 장이 형성되는 다양한 시도를 살펴볼 수 있다. 본고에서는 그러한 점에 주목하여 일본의 전통예능전용극장인 ‘노극장(能楽堂)’과 한국 전통공연예술과의 만남과 교류의 가능성에 관하여 논하고자 한다. 이 관점은 두 가지 점에 있어서 기존 연구와 차별성을 갖는다고 할 수 있다. 첫째는 전통적 가치를 가진 장소가 주는 상징성과 공연예술 콘텐츠라고 하는 전혀 다른 요소와의 결합이 일으키는 문화교류의 가능성에 주목하는 점이다. 둘째는 그러한 이론적 틀을 일본의 노극장과 한국의 전통공연예술과의 만남으로 기획하여 실제로 공연한 사례를 분석한 점이다. 이러한 논의를 통해 한일 문화교류의 새로운 방법을 제시함과 동시에 전통을 활용한 문화교류를 더욱 활성화시키고자 한다.As the stereotype of ‘tradition’ becomes a barrier, Korean traditional performing art has been recognized as a culture that is difficult for foreigners to approach. However, it is possible to make various tries to create a forum for cultural exchanges by actively utilizable traditional elements. I will pay attention to this point and discuss the evaluation of the encounter between the Korean traditional performing arts and the ‘Noh theater’ which is a traditional theater for Japanese performing arts. This view is different from the existing research in the following two points. First, I pointed out the possibility of cultural exchange when the elements of ‘tradition’ are the same but the elements of place and performing arts contents are totally different. The second is analyzing the meeting between the noh theater and the Korean traditional performing art through the case of actual planning in the field. Although the analysis of these points, we try to think about the meeting of other factors, that is, new forms of cultural exchange.

‘A real hunger’: English literature, cultural engagement, and China

ABSTRACTAn edited conversation with Alexandra Ault, a Lead curator of manuscripts at the British Library, who recently curated a series of exhibitions about English literature in cities across China, and Andrew Dickson, a freelance culture writer and journalist. The Chapter looks at the ways that English literature has been received historically in China, and sets these in the contemporary context of an increasing awareness of the broader interest in, and support for, these forms of cultural exchange by Government and other national agencies.

Nikos Papastergiadis: The Cultures Of The South As Cosmos

As the Global South is increasingly interpenetrated by neo-liberal and authoritarian regimes the idea of the South as a site of emancipatory resistance and exotic cultural difference has ended. This article offers an alternative route into the cultures of the South. It focuses on the shifting forms of the South in contemporary visual art and outlines the possibilities of non-coercive forms of cultural exchange and the cartographies of a cosmopolitanism from below. This perspective on the South is most evident in the stories of embodied solidarity that stand in contrast to top down visions of socio-economic development and cultural homogenization.

Britain as Sjónhverfing: Decoding the Landscape in Strengleikar

Geitarlanf is an Old Norse translation of Marie de France's lat du Chievrefoil. Only 118 lines long in the original, and covering just under one manuscript page in the Norse, the lai describes a single episode in the long and complicated story of Tristan and Isolde. Banished from the court of King Mark, Tristan hears that the queen plans to ride to Tintagel for Pentecost. He hides in the forest along the route and carves a message on a hazel branch. In the Anglo-Norman text, the exact nature of this message is unclear, (1) but the Old Norse version quotes it in full: Sva ferr med ocr kvad hann sem viduindil sa er binnz um haeslivid. Medan pessir tveir vidir bua bader saman. pa liva ok bera lauf sitt. En sa er paessa vide skildi hvarn fra odrum. pa deyr haslenn ok pui nest uidvinndillenn ok berr hvarki lauf. nema porna ok firir verdaz baede. Hin frida unnasta min. Sva ok eftir peim haetti ero vit. Ei ma ec lifa on Jain, ok ei pu on min. (Cook and Tveitane 1979, 198) (2) goes with us, he said, with the honeysuckle that fastens itself around the hazel tree. As long as these two trees are together they live and produce foliage, but if anyone should separate these trees from each other, the hazel will die and then the honeysuckle, and neither of them will produce foliage; instead, they will both dry up and perish. My beautiful sweetheart, such and in the same way are we. I cannot live without you, nor you without me. (Cook and Tveitane 1979, 199) hazel branch functions as both message and metaphor in a telescopic layering of interpretative meaning. Isolde must find, read, and decode the message inscribed upon it; the message then invites her to compare the physical object she holds to the emotional and sexual ties that bind her to Tristan. (3) As Peter Haidu writes: The stick is a natural sign of itself. sign, which normally supposes the absence of the signified, here signifies its presence (2004, 130). very wood through which Isolde rides becomes a symbol of secret communication and illicit desire. Isolde successfully interprets both message and metaphor, and the resulting meeting between the lovers gives rise to a new text, the lai itself. Geitarlauf demonstrates well the symbolic relationship between the act of traveling through the natural world and that of interpreting the written text. Indeed, this relationship is developed throughout the whole of Strengleikar, the compilation of translated Breton lais in which Geitarlauf is found. In particular, the island of Britain emerges as a key site for such explorations. It will be argued here that the Strengleikar collection demonstrates a sustained interest in the role of Britain as a setting for the romance text, and that travel through the British landscape parallels the process of reading and decoding the romance genre itself. Consisting of twenty-one prose tales, Strengleikar translates into Old Norse eleven of the lais attributed to Marie de France, as well as six anonymous French poems; a further four of the Old Norse texts have no known origin. collection is largely preserved within one manuscript, Uppsala University Library, de la Gardie 4-7. (4) manuscript dates to around the year 1270 and was likely produced in Bergen or the surrounding area. translation was reputedly commissioned by Hakon Hakonarson, king of Norway, as part of a campaign to import Continental romance texts to his country. Ruling from 1217 to 1263, Hakon developed a keen interest in the life of the Anglo-Norman court and seems to have commissioned the translation of the lais as part of a wider cultural program that included the translation of several romance texts into Norse, as well as the adoption in Norway of English styles of painting, sculpture, and architecture. Such forms of cultural exchange were supported by a mutual reliance on trade and an increasingly close relationship between political and ecclesiastical authorities (Leach 1921; Helle 1968; Kalinke 2011). …

Negotiating Problems of Practice in Research–Practice Design Partnerships

This chapter focuses on how researchers and practitioners negotiate the focus of their joint work within design-based implementation research (DBIR). Studying and facilitating successful negotiation of the problems that become the focus of work and the search for solutions is important for developing DBIR, because of its commitment to focusing on persistent problems of practice from multiple stakeholders’ perspectives. Case studies of two different research–practice partnerships provide a context for exploring two different perspectives on negotiation. In one case study, the notion of partnerships as forms of cultural exchange across institutional boundaries that differ with respect to goals, norms, and practices is used to analyze a design partnership focused on repurposing curriculum units in elementary science. In the second case study, the concept of framing as developed in social movement theory is used to illuminate issues of status and authority within a partnership between a district and researchers. The chapter concludes by describing the contributions of each perspective to an understanding of how teams jointly negotiate the focus of their work and by providing some recommendations for how teams can do so successfully.

‘I Always Wanted to Go Abroad. And I Like Children’

For adolescents, to become au pairs in the United States is a popular, yet unique form of cultural exchange: For a limited time, young women and men aged 18–26 live with a host family while providing child-care. What are their motivations behind doing so? Using data from semi-structured interviews with 24 future au pairs from Germany and Austria, this article presents three categories of motivation: (a) the appeal of a foreign culture (pull factors), (b) the wish to leave home (push factors), and (c) the decision to do so as au pair. It shows that pull and push factors are dominant, while the au pair setting itself is of weaker attraction. Rather, it may serve as a ‘vehicle’ to fulfill other wishes.

Culinary Practices in Nove Fužine

In the Slovenian capital of Ljubljana, the suburb of Nove Fužine hosts the highest proportion of first and second-generation immigrants from the other former Yugoslav socialist republics. While this makes it a privileged signifier of “Balkanness,” it is also a place around which many negative stereotypes are constructed. This paper describes a survey that was conducted to discern cultural differences between the biggest three ethnic groups in the neighborhood (Slovenians, Serbs and Bosniaks), taking their culinary habits and choices as an indicator of more general cultural references. The results show that while there are very few major differences between the ethnic communities in Nove Fužine, the social distance between them remains substantial. Indeed, forms of cultural exchange in this multi-ethnic suburb are almost completely absent, at least in as much as they can be inferred from eating habits. In several instances, immigrants from other former Yugoslav republics reported including various typically Slovenian dishes on their menus and vice versa, but this was for practical reasons rather than any cultural exchanges within their neighborhood.

The Russo-Japanese visa-less exchange program: Opportunities and limits

This paper has shed light on a unique and often highly politicized form of cultural exchange between Russia and Japan. The visa-less exchange program evolved against the backdrop of democratization, decentralization, and widespread poverty in the Russian Federation. These developments fuelled hopes among optimists in Japan that enlightening the disputed islands' current inhabitants about the historical and legal arguments underpinning the Japanese claim to the Northern Territories, as well as allowing the embattled islanders to sample what life could be like post-reversion, might alleviate opposition to Russian territorial concessions or even create “voices from below” actively calling for a pro-Japanese outcome to the dispute. The program has certainly contributed to a breakdown of outdated stereotypes and increased mutual understanding among its participants. However, for Japanese irredentists, the visa-less exchanges have thus far had mixed results: it has contributed to rising proreturn sentiments on Shikotan while seemingly having the opposite effect on Kunashiri and Etorofu. Meanwhile, the program has been slowly stagnating amid criticisms from both sides in recent years regarding its modalities. Doubts therefore remain that the visa-less exchanges can become a catalyst for resolving the territorial dispute.

Probing Protocols: The Genital Examination as a Pedagogical Event

The authors interrogate genital examinations as events in which both client and practitioner are `produced' as relational subjects in quite specific ways. This article explores the way one female sex health worker talks about her work as a form of cultural exchange, noting what she requires of her clients and seeks to give of herself. Of particular importance is the way the practitioner produces the client as a social subject amenable to intimate examination, while resisting some traditional means for doing so. The authors use a Foucauldian conceptual framework to signal their departure from feminist analyses which explain such practices in terms of a patriarchal medical system.

Academic Exchange with the Soviet Union

United States and the Soviet Union during the last four years has been the role played for the first time by various forms of cultural exchange, of which the most widely publicized have been the tours by various dancing groups, distinguished artists, and musical organizations and bands, and the exhibits which each country has staged in some of the major cities of the other. In addition, a number of delegations of various kinds have briefly toured parts of the other country while their members have conferred with representatives of the same disciplines or fields. However, few Americans are informed concerning other kinds of cultural exchange between the two countries, those which involve graduate students and scholars. Thus, under an agreement between the National Academy of Sciences in this country and the Soviet Academy of Sciences, a few scientists from the two countries have visited the other country briefly to visit laboratories, to examine research under way, and in general to become acquainted with their scholarly fields in the other country. A second small program of this kind reflects a 1961 agreement, just renewed, between the American Council of Learned Societies and the Soviet Academy of Sciences, under which a few scholars from the two countries (four in 1961-1962) may spend from a few months to a year studying and doing research in the other country. Probably the least known but most significant of the SovietAmerican cultural exchange programs is that which now enables