Form Of International Physical Activity Questionnaire Research Articles

Relationship between Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior, Spinal Curvatures, Endurance and Balance of the Trunk Muscles-Extended Physical Health Analysis in Young Adults.

Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with poor well-being in young people with adverse effects extending into adulthood. To date, there are many studies investigating the relationship between physical activity (PA) and posture, but there are no data on the relationship between the type and intensity of PA and sedentary behavior, their association with thoracic and lumbar spine angles, and with endurance and balance of the trunk muscles, especially in healthy young adults aged 18-25 years. Moreover, there are no data on the relationship between PA and sedentary behavior and musculoskeletal and cardiopulmonary health, as well as quality of life (QoL) and sleep that would provide a more comprehensive picture of physical health status. Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior are associated with each other and with changes in spinal curvatures, endurance and balance of trunk muscles in an extended analysis of physical health status in young adults aged 18-25 years by additionally including measures of body composition, cardiorespiratory capacity, and QoL and sleep. A total of 82 students (58% female, 42% male) aged 18-25 years completed all required tests. Primary outcome measures included the following: PA and sedentary behavior calculated from the long form of International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ-LF), spinal curvatures measured by a Spinal Mouse® device, endurance and balance of the trunk muscles measured using trunk endurance tests and their ratio. Overall, 50% of students were classified as minimally active and 50% as health-enhancing PA (HEPA) active. The angles of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis showed no correlation with PA or time spent sitting. However, students with the lowest PA had significantly higher scores on the trunk extensor endurance test and trunk extensor/flexor endurance test ratio, indicating imbalanced trunk muscles. Moreover, these students spent the most their time sitting. Only PA of vigorous intensity and PA during recreation, leisure, and sports significantly correlated with QoL related to physical health. QoL related to physical and psychosocial health had significantly higher scores when students spent less time sitting. In addition, we found significantly better respiratory performance and SQ at higher PA values, i.e., PA during recreation, leisure, and sport. Our results suggest that students with low PA levels and more time spent sitting have imbalanced trunk muscles, worse respiratory function, and poorer QoL and sleep. Moreover, these findings in college students may reflect their lifestyle and suggest that more PA needs to be promoted to prevent the development of chronic diseases including musculoskeletal disorders.

Factors Related to Physical Activity Behavior Among Breast Cancer Patients in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta

Background: Breast cancer patients are likely to have reduced physical activity behavior after being diagnosed. Factors associated such as sociodemographic and clinical health status have been investigated in some countries, but few studies have been conducted in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the sociodemographic factors and clinical health status associated with changes in physical activity behavior among breast cancer patients.Methods: A cross-sectional design was used and the samples included a total of 250 breast cancer patients at the Integrated Nuclear Medicine and Cancer Installation, Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. The samples were selected using the consecutive sampling method from June to July 2021, while the instruments employed had been previously tested for their validity and reliability. These included a questionnaire on the characteristics of sociodemographic and clinical health status, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Form (IPAQ-SF). This study obtained ethical clearance, while data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression multinominal tests with p<0.05.Results: The results showed that cancer stage (stage III: OR=2.71, 95%CI:1.14-6.45), fatigue (severe fatigue: OR=0.49, 95% CI:0.25-0.96), and pain (mild pain: OR= 27.44, 95%CI:3.20-235.18), were significantly associated with physical activity behavior in breast cancer patients. Pain as the most dominant factor (mild pain: OR=20.388, p=0.001) caused 5 times increased risk of reduced physical activity compared to others. Conclusions: Based on the results, cancer stage, fatigue, and pain were significantly related to the physical activity behavior of breast cancer patients, with pain being the most dominant factor.

Central obesity, obesity, and physical activity among university staffs

Waist circumference (WC) is considered as a superior indicator to predict central obesity and its related comorbidities. Limited studies were conducted to infer central obesity using WC among university staffs. A cross-sectional study through the convenience sampling method was employed using the short form international physical activity questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and WC measurement to infer a level of physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and central obesity. Seventy staff from three private universities in Malaysia participated in this study. There is a high prevalence (78.6%) of central obesity among the participants irrespective of their age. Majority of the participants fall under the overweight (37.1%) and obese (21.4%) category of BMI 48.6% reported to be involved in low level of physical activity. No difference in prevalence of central obesity based on age, gender, and level of physical activity. There is a moderately strong correlation between BMI and WC. In this study notably a high prevalence of central obesity in participants with underweight and desirable weight category of BMI was reported, which synergizes the concept of including WC measurement in health promotion activities. Appropriate multi- component and multi-level interventions can be considered to this population to prevent/combat obesity.

Pet Ownership and Physical Activity in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Analyses from the NICOLA Study

Aging research indicates that there is increased sedentary behaviour and insufficient physical activity levels across the older adult population. There is a growing body of evidence that suggests that pet ownership can have beneficial physical and mental health effects. Data were drawn from the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA). This questionnaire measured general social demographics such as gender, age, and marital status while also examining elements of physical activity, lifestyle factors (drinking status, smoking status), and education. Two items from the short form International Physical Activity Questionnaire recorded moderate and vigorous activity. Respondents were asked if they owned a pet (Yes/No). The results are based on a secondary data analysis. An ordinal logistic regression revealed that an increase in moderate activity days was associated with pet ownership with an odds ratio of 0.111 (95% CI, −0.036 to 0.337), Wald χ2 (1) 15.013, p < 0.001. An increase in vigorous activity days was associated with pet ownership with an odds ratio of 0.039 (95% CI, 0.004 to 0.342), Wald χ2 (1) 8.952, p = 0.003). Amongst older adults in Northern Ireland, those with a pet were more likely to engage in regular physical activity. This study was based on a small specific sample of the population and showed differences in physical activity levels between pet owners and non-pet owners. Additionally, the study showed that physical activity is extremely low among the older adult population, therefore further investigation is warranted on the reasons for these low levels.

The Analyses of the Relationship between Physical Activity, Musculoskeletal System Problems, Sleep, and Screen Exposure Time in University students during the Distance Learning Process

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between physical activity, musculoskeletal system problems, sleep, and screen exposure time in university students during the distance learning process. 
 Methods: Three hundred and one students (183 female, 118 male) participated in the study via online survey. The screen exposure time was recorded. The physical activity using Short Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire and pain using Visual Analog Scale were evaluated. Nordic Musculoskeletal System Questionnaire was used to evaluate musculoskeletal symptoms. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index was applied for the details of sleep quality. 
 Results: The students had a low level of physical activity (58.8%) and poor sleep quality (70.8%). Musculoskeletal pain was reported in upper back (85%), lower back (85%), neck (79.4%), shoulder (71.4%). The pain was correlated with total sleep quality (r=0.320, p

ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN MEASURES OF SLEEP QUALITY, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, ANXIETY, AND STRESS AMONG ADULTS

Abstract Good quality sleep is important for physical and mental well-being and plays a vital role in healthy aging. Additionally, sleep quality is influenced by multiple factors associated with aging, such as lifestyle, depression, and physical activity levels. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between self-reported measures of physical activity levels, anxiety, stress, and sleep quality among adults aged 45-75 years. Adults (N = 204) completed the short form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale (GAD-7), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Participants were classified as either good quality sleepers (GQS, n = 65, 67.7% female, M±SD: age: 61.7±8.9 yrs; mass: 82.8±16.7 kg, height: 169.6±10.2 cm, education: 17.3 yrs) or poor quality sleepers (PQS, n = 139, 77.7% female, M±SD: age: 61.9±8.0 yrs; mass: 83.1±16.2 kg, height: 166.4±8.5 cm, education: 18.0 yrs) using their PSQI global score. A score of ≥5 denoted PQS. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, and Chi-square (p ≤ .05). Sleep quality was negatively associated with the PSS (r = -.17, p = .02) and GAD-7 (r = -.19, p < .01). Adults reporting PQS presented with higher levels of perceived stress and generalized anxiety. The relation between sleep quality and IPAQ was significant (X2 = 8.47, p = .01). These results suggest there was a greater tendency for PQS to report lower levels of physical activity and higher levels of stress and generalized anxiety.

Hubungan Asupan Makronutrien, Aktivitas Fisik, dan Status Gizi dengan Usia Menarche Pada Remaja Perempuan Usia 9-15 Tahun di Desa Kedunglosari Kabupaten Jombang

Background: Menarche is the first menstruation experienced by adolescent girls. The age of menarche in Indonesia has decreased from 13 years in 2010 to 12.4 years in 2018. The age of menarche is influenced by internal and external factors, some of the factors are macronutrient intake, physical activity, and nutritional status. The decrease in age at menarche is associated with an increased likelihood of uterine myoma, dysmenorrhea, and breast cancer.
 Objectives: To analyze the relationship between macronutrient intake, physical activity, nutritional status and age at menarche in adolescents Girl 9-15 years old.
 Methods: This research used cross sectional design with sample size of 87 adolescent girls who had experienced menstruation and selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected by macronutrient intake used Semi-Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ), physical activity used Short Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (SF-IPAQ), anthropometric data to assess nutritional status through measurement of body weight and height and age of menarche used a self-report questionnaire. Data was analyzed by t-test, chi-square and linear regression with 95% confidence level.
 Result: There was a significant relationship between fat intake (­p = 0,049) and nutritional status (β = -0.92, p <0.001) with the age of menarche. The results of the analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between energy intake (p = 0,058), protein intake (p = 0,178), carbohydrate intake (p = 0,099), and physical activity (p = 0,422) with age at menarche.
 Conclusions: fat intake and nutritional status during adolescence is related to the age of menarche. Prevention for cancer in women should be carried out as early as possible when adolescent girls have not menarche. One of prevention is managing the nutritional status of adolescent girls by paying attention to diet.
 Keywords: nutritional status, macronutrient intake, physical activity, age at menarche, adolescent girls

Relationship between Habitual Physical Activity, Depression and Functional Mobility in Older Adults - A Pilot Cross Sectional Study

Introduction: Ageing is characterized by a decline in mobility function and mental health. Physical activity can possibly play a role in maintaining mental health and functional independence in older adults, but it is seen that elderly persons do not tend to be adequately physically active. Purpose: To assess physical activity, depression and functional mobility in older adults and to determine the relationship between these factors in them. Materials and Methods: A pilot cross sectional study was conducted on 40 older adults with age ≥ 65 years (mean=69.72, SD=± 4.95). Physical activity was assessed using Short Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ- SF), depression with Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS- SF) and functional mobility using Time Up and Go test (TUG). Statistical Analysis: The data was analyzed using Spearman co-efficient of correlation and regression analysis to examine the relationship between IPAQ, GDS and TUG scores. Results: A significant negative correlation was found between GDS and IPAQ and with IPAQ and TUG. Between GDS and TUG, there was a significant positive correlation. All correlations were significant with p value <0.05. Regression analysis showed that increased IPAQ scores could predict lower TUG scores and lower GDS scores. Conclusion: There was a significant association between level of physical activity, depression, and functional mobility in older adults. Each of these factors needs to be considered when addressing others, considering the relationship between them. Encouraging elderly persons to stay physically active can help maintain their physical and mental health. Keywords: Older adults, Physical activity, Depression, Functional mobility, Fear of fall, Loneliness.

Single and Combinative Impacts of Healthy Eating Behavior and Physical Activity on COVID-19-like Symptoms among Outpatients: A Multi-Hospital and Health Center Survey.

Background: Healthy eating and physical activity are effective non-pharmacological approaches to boost immune function and contain the pandemic. We aimed to explore the associations and interactions between physical activity and healthy eating behavior with COVID-19-like symptoms (Slike-CV19S). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3947 outpatients, from 14 February to 2 March 2020, at nine health facilities in Vietnam. Data collection included sociodemographic characteristics, healthy eating behavior (using the healthy eating score (HES) questionnaire), physical activity (using the short form international physical activity questionnaire), and Slike-CV19S. The associations and interactions were tested using logistic regression models. Results: Frequent intake of fruits (OR = 0.84; p = 0.016), vegetables (OR = 0.72; p = 0.036), and fish (OR = 0.43; p < 0.001) were associated with a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared with infrequent intake. Patients with higher HES levels (OR = 0.84; p = 0.033 for medium HES; OR = 0.77; p = 0.006 for high HES) or being physically active (OR = 0.69; p < 0.001) had a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared to those with low HES or physical inactivity, respectively. Patients with medium HES who were physically active (OR = 0.69; p = 0.005), or with high HES and physically active (OR = 0.58; p < 0.001), had a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared to those with low HES and physical inactivity. Conclusions: Healthy eating behavior and physical activity showed single and combinative impacts on protecting people from Slike-CV19S. Strategic approaches are encouraged to improve healthy behaviors, which may further contribute to containing the pandemic.

Factors Influencing Physical Activity During The COVID-19 Pandemic In Adults From Utah

PURPOSE: The novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has resulted in disruptions to daily routines, including physical activity (PA). PA is a behavior that could assist in both prevention of and recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in PA and the factors that associate with PA during COVID-19 in a sample of adults from Utah. METHODS: Participants were a sample of 201 adults (52.7% Female; Age: 40.6 ± 18.5 yrs; BMI: 26.7 ± 5.8 kg/m2) living in the state of Utah who were given 3 sets of online questionnaires during the first 3 waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US (wave 1: April-July; wave 2: Aug-Sept; wave 3: Oct-Dec). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was self-reported at three study time points via the short form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Self-efficacy for exercise (via the Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale), self-reported COVID-19 related changes to work/occupation, and working from home were also examined in the relationship with MVPA. A general linear mixed-effects model was used to examine the associations between pandemic wave, self-efficacy, occupation change, and working from home status with MVPA. Effect modification was tested using interaction terms. RESULTS: Individuals who worked from home tended to have lower self-reported log-MVPA compared to those not working from home (b = -0.77; 95%CI = -1.31 - -0.23; p = 0.005). However, those who reported only that their work was affected by the pandemic did not exhibit significantly higher or lower log-MVPA (p = 0.67). Finally, those with high self-efficacy had higher log-MVPA compared to those with low self-efficacy (b = 0.58; 95%CI = 0.04 - 1.12; p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that MVPA during COVID-19 is affected by specific work-related variables and self-efficacy for PA. These findings can help to inform and establish interventions to improve health outcomes during and after global pandemics, such as COVID-19.

Association of Antioxidant Intake and Blood Lactate Level Among 20–55 Years Old Malaysian Adults

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary antioxidant intake and blood lactate level among 20–55 years old Malaysian adults. Methods Subjects (N = 80) of this cross-sectional study were recruited through convenience sampling. Sole Fitness LCB Upright Bike was used to conduct the modified Wingate Anaerobic Test. Dietary antioxidant level was assessed by using Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) 2014 food frequency questionnaire. Short Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess the physical activity level of the subjects. Blood lactate concentration was assessed by The Edge TM blood lactate analyzer, before and after exercise. Saliva samples were collected from subjects for total antioxidant capacity determination using the 2,2-diphenyl-1- picryl-hydrazyl test of saliva (DPPHS) assay. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results The median of total antioxidant intake among Malaysian male and female adults were 1030.64 (734.74) and 9392.90 (10360.44) mg/day, respectively. A significant difference between the means blood lactate level before and after exercise was observed, however, no significant difference in the mean salivary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) before and after exercise. No significant association observed between the total antioxidant intake and salivary TAC before exercise for both males and females, whereas a significant positive moderate association was observed after exercise for females. A significant inverse moderate association between blood lactate level and salivary TAC before exercise was observed among the males in the present study but no association found after exercise for both males and females. Conclusions Present study indicated no significant association between the total dietary antioxidant intake and blood lactate level among Malaysian adults aged 20–55 years old. Future research with larger sample size should develop strategically to confirm these initial findings. Funding Sources International Medical University, Malaysia

Levels of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Measured by DASS-21 and their Associated Factors in a Rural Village of Ranau District, Sabah, Malaysia

Background. The prevalence of mental illness in Malaysia is rising each year, with the highest recorded in a mostly rural state of Sabah, possibly due to challenges in accessing healthcare services and the maldistribution of mental health professionals. Moreover, the data on mental illness burden among the rural Sabahans are insufficient. Objective. To identify the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress and their associated factors in a rural village of Sabah, Malaysia. Methods. Demographic data and the risk factors for depression, anxiety, and stress were collected from 115 respondents, followed by the administration of 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Score (DASS-21) and Short Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Results. The respondents’ median age was 43 years. The levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were 28.7%, 42.6%, and 19.1%, respectively. Male had significantly lower odds for anxiety (OR: 0.44), while those with a history of hypertension had lower odds for depression (OR: 0.20). Individuals with a history of diagnosed stress had higher chances of having depression (OR: 11.17) and stress (OR: 7.18). Respondents with a history of other illnesses (self-reported gastritis, bloody stools, bronchial asthma, and brain carcinoma) were more likely to have depression (OR: 7.14), anxiety (OR: 9.07), and stress (OR: 34.50). Meanwhile, moderate-high physical activity was associated with higher odds for anxiety (OR: 2.39). Conclusion. In this study, the rural village community had higher depression and anxiety levels than the currently available epidemiological data that may necessitate more rigorous and appropriate mental health intervention by the relevant authorities.

Walking Away Depression And Anxiety: Results From The Irish Longitudinal Study On Ageing

Walking is an accessible physical activity that is promoted as a best buy for public health. However, few prospective studies have examined the association between walking and depression, and none have investigated Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). PURPOSE: This study examined associations between walking and incident depression and incident GAD among community-dwelling adults aged ≥50 years in the Republic of Ireland. METHODS: Participants completed the short form International Physical Activity Questionnaire at baseline and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and CIDI-short form at two-year follow-up. Walking doses were categorised based on reported minutes of walking in the prior seven days (None=0 minutes/week; Low=1-209 minutes/week; Moderate=210-419 minutes/week; High=420+ minutes/week). Logistic regression, weighted relative to age, sex, and education and adjusted for age, sex, waist circumference, social class, smoking, moderate and vigorous physical activity, comorbidities, and physical limitations, quantified associations between walking and incident depression (N=4,146; 55.4% female) and GAD (N=3,326; 52.6% female) in participants without depression (CES-D≥16) or GAD (abbreviated Penn State Worry Questionnaire ≥23) at baseline. Likelihood ratio tests examined covariate significance. RESULTS: Incidence of depression and GAD were 5.0% (n=207) and 0.9% (n=29), respectively. Compared to people who reported no walking, odds (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval) of incident depression were lower among those engaging in Low (0.908, 0.876-0.940; p<0.001), Moderate (0.893, 0.858-0.929; p<0.001), and High (0.897, 0.865-0.931; p<0.001) walking doses. Odds of incident GAD were also lower among those engaging in Low (0.411, 0.335-0.406; p<0.001), Moderate (0.710, 0.6432-0.786; p<0.001), and High (0.614, 0.555-0.678; p<0.001) walking doses. All covariates significantly contributed to the models (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Among a large, nationally representative sample of older adults, self-reported walking was associated with lower odds of incident depression and GAD independent of moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity. These findings support policy and national guidelines in promoting walking for its mental health benefits.

Associations of self-reported physical activity and anxiety symptoms and status among 7,874 Irish adults across harmonised datasets: a DEDIPAC-study

BackgroundAnxiety is an adaptive response to an objective or perceived threat; however, when symptoms become severe and chronic it that can become a maladaptive anxiety disorder. Limited evidence suggests that physical activity may be associated with prevention against anxiety. This study uses data from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) and The Mitchelstown Cohort Study to investigate cross-sectional associations between physical activity and anxiety symptoms and status among Irish adults.MethodsBoth datasets were harmonized (n = 7874). The short form International Physical Activity Questionnaire measured physical activity. Participants were classified as meeting World Health Organization physical activity guidelines (≥150 min weekly of moderate intensity physical activity, ≥75 min weekly of vigorous intensity physical activity, or ≥ 600 MET-minutes) or not. They were also divided into three groups based on weekly MET-minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (Low: 0–599; Moderate: 600–1199; High: ≥1200), and three groups based on weekly minutes of walking (Low: 0–209; Moderate: 210–419; High: 420+). Anxiety symptoms were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale with a score of ≥8 indicating anxiety. Binomial logistic regression, adjusted for relevant confounders examined physical activity–anxiety associations.ResultsFemales had higher rates of anxiety than males (28.0% vs 20.0%; p < 0.001). Following adjustment for relevant covariates, meeting physical activity guidelines was associated with 13.5% (95% CI: 2.0–23.7; p = 0.023) lower odds of anxiety. Moderate and High physical activity were associated with 13.5% (− 11.0–32.6; p = 0.254) and 13.6% (1.4–4.2; p = 0.030) lower odds of anxiety compared to Low physical activity, respectively. Moderate and High walking were associated with 2.1% (− 14.5–16.3; p = 0.789) and 5.1% (− 9.3–17.6; p = 0.467) lower odds of anxiety compared to Low walking, respectively.ConclusionMeeting physical activity guidelines is associated with lower odds of anxiety, but the strength of associations did not increase considerably with increased physical activity levels.

Depressive symptoms and nutritional status in the frail older adults

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between depressive symptoms and nutritional status in the frail older adults. MethodsThis study uses a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational design. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, and the Taiwan International Physical Activity Questionnaire Form Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form were used to measure depression and nutritional status, respectively. Data were analyzed by independent-t tests, chi-square tests, spearman correlations, and multiple linear regressions. ResultsOf the total of 94 frail older adults, 17 (18.09%) had depressive symptoms (GDS > 5). The average MNA-SF score was 11.38 (SD = 2.45), 31 (32.98%) participants had a risk of malnutrition and 12 (12.77%) were malnourished. Participants’ reports of dissatisfaction with their lives (72.1%) and feeling terrible about their lives (58.14%) were associated with a risk of malnutrition. Elderly age, multiple comorbidities, and high level of depressive symptoms were at increased risk of malnutrition. ConclusionWhen clinicians are faced with a high-risk group, such as elderly patients with multiple comorbidities and depressive symptoms, they should perform an immediate assessment of nutritional status. If a risk of malnutrition is found, adequate nutrition and health care should be provided.

Associations of self-reported physical activity and depression in 10,000 Irish adults across harmonised datasets: a DEDIPAC-study

BackgroundDepression is a prevalent, debilitating, and often recurrent mood disorder for which successful first-line treatments remains limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional associations between self-reported physical activity (PA) and depressive symptoms and status among Irish adults, using two existing datasets, The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) and The Mitchelstown Cohort Study.MethodsThe two selected databases were pooled (n = 10,122), and relevant variables were harmonized. PA was measured using the short form International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) questionnaire. Participants were classified as meeting World Health Organization moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) guidelines or not, and divided into tertiles based on weekly minutes of MVPA. A CES-D score of ≥16 indicated elevated depressive symptoms. Data collection were conducted in 2010–2011.ResultsSignificantly higher depressive symptoms were reported by females (7.11 ± 7.87) than males (5.74 ± 6.86; p < 0.001). Following adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and dataset, meeting the PA guidelines was associated with 44.7% (95%CI: 35.0 to 52.9; p < 0.001) lower odds of elevated depressive symptoms. Compared to the low PA tertile, the middle and high PA tertiles were associated with 25.2% (95%CI: 8.7 to 38.6; p < 0.01) and 50.8% (95%CI: 40.7 to 59.2; p < 0.001) lower odds of elevated depressive symptoms, respectively.ConclusionMeeting the PA guidelines is associated with lower odds of elevated depressive symptoms, and increased volumes of MVPA are associated with lower odds of elevated depressive symptoms.

A cohort study examining the factors influencing changes in physical activity levels following an acute coronary syndrome event.

Low physical activity has long been identified as a risk factor for coronary heart disease. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that influence changes in the physical activity of patients following an acute coronary syndrome event. The prospective, inferential cohort design recruited patients admitted to hospital following an acute coronary syndrome event across five research sites. Physical activity was assessed using the short form international physical activity questionnaire. Data were collected at baseline and 3 months on 380 patients. The sample profile was: 21% women; body mass index 28 ± 4.6; unstable angina 36%; ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction 25%; non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction 39% and a mean age of 63 ± 11.8. There was a significant improvement in physical activity at 3 months ( n=380, t=-3.704, P≤0.001). All regression models, baseline, 3 months and change in physical activity were significant ( p≤0.001). Low physical activity was associated with: at baseline not having health insurance, older age and depression; at 3 months not having health insurance, not in employment and low baseline physical activity; and improvement in physical activity was associated with low physical activity at baseline and not being in employment. While physical activity improved significantly, 45% did not reach guideline recommendation levels at 3 months post-event. Physical activity change was little influenced by sociodemographic, clinical, psychological and behavioural factors, suggesting the need to look elsewhere such as behavioural change and improved processes across the care divide to improve physical activity in this at-risk population.

Nutrition, Exercise, and Skin Integrity among Frail Older Adults in Taiwan

The purpose was to determine the correlation between nutrition status and skin integrity in the frail older adult population. Participants (N = 94) in this cross-sectional study were recruited through convenience sampling from the neurology and geriatrics outpatient department at a regional teaching hospital in Northern Taiwan. Study tools included a Basic Participant Profile Fill-in Sheet, which assesses demographic and exercise habit; the Comorbidity Index; Skin Integrity Evaluation Chart; Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form; and Taiwan International Physical Activity Questionnaire Form. Data were analyzed by independent-samples t tests, χ tests, linear regressions, and logistic regression analyses. Significant correlations were found among nutrition status, aging, and exercise habits, as well as between participants' demographics and their skin integrity. Logistic linear regression showed that the decline of skin integrity can be predicted by nutrition status. Exercise programs and a balanced diet should be planned for frail older adults, and their nutrition status should be monitored closely. Those with declining nutrition status should be provided with nutrition supplements. In addition, clinicians should evaluate the skin condition of frail older adults to prevent the development of pressure injuries.

Abstract B02: Recreational physical activity, sedentary time and the incidence of colorectal polyps in a screening population for colon cancer

Abstract Background: Despite the consistent association between regular recreational moderate to vigorous physical activity (rMVPA) and reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), few studies have examined the effect of physical activity on carcinogenic development by examining colorectal adenomas (polyps). Furthermore, even fewer studies have examined the impact of sedentary behavior/time (ST) on the development of polyps. In this study we examined the associations between rMVPA and ST and the presence, number and type of colorectal polyps in a population undergoing screening for colorectal cancer in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 2,499 individuals undergoing colonoscopy at the Forzani &amp; MacPhail Colon Cancer Screening Centre in Calgary, Canada was conducted. Physical activity levels and ST were characterized using hours of rMVPA, meeting cancer prevention recommendations (≥150 mins/wk of rMVPA) and hours of ST using self-reported data from the Long Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for presence of polyps associated with rMVP and ST. Results: Crude estimates for meeting cancer prevention guidelines (ORunadj=0.83, 95% CI: 0.70-0.98) and increasing rMVPA (ORunadj=0.75, 95% CI: 0.60-0.93 for 1-3 hrs/wk vs. 0) were associated with lower odds of having ≥1 polyp at screening. Effect estimates were attenuated in adjusted models. Threshold effects were observed for ST with significant associations observed for up to 20 hours/week of sitting time (ORadj per hour sitting=1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.09). Associations were strongest for rMVPA among females (ORadj=0.68, 95% CI: 0.48-0.97 for 1-3 hrs/wk vs. 0) and for ST among males (ORadj=1.74, 95% CI: 1.06-2.86 for 14-35hrs/wk of ST vs. 0-14 hrs/wk) Conclusions: In this large population undergoing colonoscopy screening for colorectal cancer, rMVPA was associated with reduced prevalence of polyps at screening, particularly among females. Even low amounts of regular ST (2-5hrs/day) were associated with the presence of polyps, particularly among males. Strategies aimed at reducing the amount of pre-carcinogenic colon lesions should combine increasing rMVPA and reducing ST. Citation Format: Darren R. Brenner, Demetra H. Yannitsos, Matthew Warkentin, Eileen Shaw, Nigel T. Brockton, S. Elizabeth McGregor, Susanna Town, Robert J. Hilsden. Recreational physical activity, sedentary time and the incidence of colorectal polyps in a screening population for colon cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr B02.

Do physical activity levels in the cancer population recover without intervention? An observational study

Background: National UK directives expect physical activity (PA) to be included in cancer patients’ management due to recognition of its wide-ranging benefit. Local implementation is inconsistent and remains a challenge.Nationally, only 29% of females and 39% of males in England met American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) exercise recommendations. Those receiving cancer treatments may be less likely to meet exercise recommendations at the completion of primary cancer treatment. Purpose: To evaluate PA levels in a representative sample of cancer survivors post primary treatment (end-of-treatment: EOT) and 4 months post EOT as part of determining their natural recovery trajectory to inform future development of services. Methods:A consecutive, representative sample of 76 survivors with breast, prostate, gynaecological, colorectal and lymphoma cancer (mean age 64.7 years, SD= 11.67) diagnosed and treated at a regional cancer centre in London, UK were measured between November 2012 and March 2013 at EOT. The short form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) was our primary measure of patient self-reported PA levels. Patient demographics and characteristics represented secondary measures. Results: IPAQ-SF scores revealed 85% (n= 71) met exercise recommendations at EOT when translated to the ACSM recommendations.At 4months therewas no proportional difference (n= 53, 85%). There were no statistically significant associations between PA change and gender or tumour type. Overall, our results showed an unexpected over-reporting of recommended PA levels both at EOT and 4 months post EOT compared with the unimpaired population. Conclusion(s):Our results show that self reported PA levels do not change 4 months after EOT. The validity of the IPAQ-SF in translating PA with respect to exercise recommendations in cancer survivors is questionable. This may be secondary to erroneous reporting of low level activity included e.g. walking which may have inflated PA levels. There remains debate about operationalizing PA and other functional activities in this representative sample. Implications:Our data indicates that the use of the IPAQSF should be carefully considered in reportingPA levels in the context of recommended PA levels in the cancer population at the end of primary treatment. There is an urgent need for the professional community to reach consensus on what does and does not constitute PA in impaired populations.