Foreign Trade Activities Research Articles

The state support of industry products export in modern economy: peculiarities of taken measures

The article describes the principle theoretical aspects of the international exchange. It is shown that the development of the world economy leads to a permanent transformation of foreign trade activities: the international cooperation, the monetary, financial and other relationships change, new forms appear. Particularly acute is the question of the role of the state in the industrial exports support. The authors analyze the features of the world experience of export support and show that the current challenges of the global economy often force the state to support the exports in order to strengthen the role of national companies in international exchange. The performed analysis shows that , despite the liberalization of modern trade and increased freedom of companies performing the foreign economic activity, the state has still to regulate trade relations and apply measures to support the export.

Основные направления повышения эффективности внешне- экономической деятельности рыбной отрасли Европейского Севера

Основные направления повышения эффективности внешне- экономической деятельности рыбной отрасли Европейского Севера

FOREIGN ACTIVITY OF A COMPANYAS A SUBJECT OF THE WORLD ECONOMY

The article describes the necessity of having a foreign economic activity for a company in a globalized economy. The article also describes how to implement foreign trade activities with their features. Foreign economic activity of the company can’t be done without control by the public authorities, so article describes public authorities with their specificity to control foreign trade company activities.

Typology of Export Specialization of the Russian Regions

The work carries out the primary analysis of the mass economic-geographical information which includes: 1) the stage of systematization using the methods of typing and zoning, 2) the analysis of the existing sectorial and regional characteristics of the foreign trade activity of the Russian Federation. Balances of foreign trade operations of all organizations as parts of the subjects of the Russian Federation that carry out these operations in the period from 2000 to 2010 within major product groups, are in the basis of the typing. Combining the indicators of foreign trade in seven groups is according to state statistics: food supplies, supply of fuel and energy components, petrochemical products, the supply of timber and related forest products, supply of products of the metallurgical and machine-building industries, as well as the group that unites all the other types of products. In the result of the research of the branch structure of the regions’ export we managed to allocate 8 types of subjects of the Russian Federation, where the regions without prevalent specialization belong to the 8th type. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n24p453

School of Management, Marketing and Commerce Studies

Governance and regulation at the national and international level, the management system of the leading companies in the world, forms and methods of management, and marketing, commercial and advertising work form a relatively new subject field in domestic science. These issues have been introduced into the educational process in Russian universities in the second half of the 1980s. At the MGIMO these research areas have been developed for more than 60 years. Scientific School of the Department of Management and Marketing and the Department of Management Foreign Economic Activity is oriented at the international level and focuses on the development of organizational forms and methods of management, marketing strategy, marketing, and commerce in the context of foreign trade and international activities of domestic firms and organizations on the basis of a comprehensive study of advanced management experience of leading foreign countries. In the early stages of its existence, the school was focused on methodological and practical aspects of international commerce and advertising. But gradually its research encompassed the field of management and marketing, and the scientific school in the field of international management and marketing was established on the basis of examination of relevant theories and experiences of leading foreign countries, and especially multinational companies. Originally these studies were conducted by the Department International Economic Relations of the Faculty of International Economic Relations at MGIMO. The disciplines included studies of the foreign trade operations in global markets, management of foreign economic activities in foreign countries, world commodity markets, and others. The textbook "Organization and technology of foreign trade in the capitalist market" by I.N. Gerchikova, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Economic Science, Professor, published in 1977 already contained sections on management and marketing, including the organizational structure of firms and their international marketing work, international advertising, etc. PhD. Professor F.G. Piskoppel, Ph.D. Professor S.P. Nikitin systematically analyzed forms and methods of market research, which are an integral part of the marketing activities of companies in global markets.

An Empirical Examination of the Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: A Firm-Level Analysis for the Colombian Economy

We use a large firm level data set to investigate the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Colombia. We estimate econometric models for the determinants of the probability that a firm receives FDI, as well as for the factors that help to explain the foreign share in a firm’s capital. The results show that firms listed on the stock market, involved in foreign trade activities, and operating in sectors with greater capital intensity are more likely to be recipients of FDI. Also, the probability of a firm receiving FDI is directly related to its size.

Innovative development of industrial vegetable farming in the context of formation of food security and integration of Ukraine into the WTO

The problems of formation of food security in the context of the introduction ofUkrainein the WTO are discussed. The aim of research is the estimation of the innovative development of industrial vegetable farming at the agrarian enterprises of agro-industrial field in the context of formation of food security ofUkraineand investigation of directions of its reforming according to the integration requirements of the WTO. The theoretical and methodological principles of formation of food security of the state are considered and the analysis of level of its security, particularly through development of vegetable farming is performed. Directions of the agriculture state support are specified and measures of its further reforming according to the WTO requirements are outlined. It is established that the formation of food security of the state is performed at the expense of national production goods. It is more effective to perform the support at the national level of incomes of agricultural manufacturers which are not connected with the prices or production through measures of «a green trunk». The disturbing fact ofUkraineagriculture foreign trade activities is the prevalence in the structure of domestic export of goods with low level of handling and low value added.

Continuous Training Process in Foreign Trade Activity, a Priority for the Romanian Economic Learning System

The pressure of the higher competition which is characterizing the international market today as a result of the globalization process and the actual economic crisis phenomena pointed out, especially at the decision makers’ level, the importance of higher specialized human resources in drawing up efficient and sustainable economic national strategies.In the current world economic environment exigencies, continuous training process in foreign trade activity has to represent a priority for the economic learning system. The way human resources acting in foreign trade and connected sectors are trained at a tertiary teaching level will play a significant role in subsequent export performance. In this context, the training process of human resources hired by SMEs with foreign trade activity must be a priority.In Romania, this objective has to be carried out by the common efforts of the local economic university learning system and business community, jointly developed with the technical and financial assistance granted by the specialized international organizations.

Percepção dos profissionais brasileiros com relação ao processo de convergência contábil às normas internacionais de Convergência Contábil às Normas Internacionais

The objective of this paper was identifying the main difficulties faced by the accounting and financial professionals of entities located in Brazil in the implementation of the new Brazilian accounting practices. This work is characterized regarding its nature as descriptive and exploratory, concerning the applied method, quantitative, making use of Kruskal-Wallis test and qualitative by means of content analysis. The population was composed of entities located in Brazil with foreign trade activities, import or export. The sample, by convenience, was composed of entities located in the metropolitan Sao Paulo whose business involved import in the year of 2009. Data were collected according to a questionnaire whose questions were formulated for attending the specific objectives described in this paper. The main results pointed that the professionals’ perception regarding the main difficulties in the implementation of the new Brazilian accounting practices are linked to the recognition, measurement and disclosure of Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangibles, besides the lack of qualified professionals and information technology support. In general, it is assumed that despite the difficulties, the accounting and financial professionals realize that the new accounting practices will bring positive impacts in terms of investments in Brazil.

Foreign investor flows and “blue chip” stock returns

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the direction of causality between the monthly stock returns and the monthly net foreign investor flows, and the existence of feedback trading by foreign investors for the “blue chip” stocks of the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE), an emerging stock market.Design/methodology/approach – Monthly net foreign investor flows and stock returns of “blue chip” stocks for the period January 1997‐June 2010 are used. Particularly, taking into account the structural changes in the foreign investor trading activity, the study focuses on the two sub‐periods – before and after the start of European Union (EU) accession negotiations of Turkey. The study uses the bivariate VAR Granger causality approach, impulse response analysis and uses regressions with the vector autoregressive structure and contemporaneous structure (without lag).Findings – Unidirectional Granger causality running from monthly stock returns to monthly net foreign investor flows is detected for the pre...

STRATEGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOREIGN TRADE ACTIVITY OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE IN THE CONDITIONS OF LIBERALI-ZATSII OF THE EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS

Bodies of state regulation by foreign trade at federal and regional level are to render the methodological and consulting help to the industrial enterprises in development of their external economic relations, developing and introducing not only normative-legal acts and institutional norms in the field of regulation, but also providing to the enterprises various methodical tools, in that regarding development of strategy of development of the foreign trade activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2227-930X-2013-1-6

International Marketing Capacities and Export Performance: An Empirical Study of Indochinese Exporting Enterprises

The tendency towards globalization, regionalization and the wide and deep integration into the world economy leads to the fact that foreign trading activities has a specially important and decisive position in the entire process of socio-economic development and integration into the regional and global economics of the countries. The role played by foreign trade, including export, thus becomes more essential for those developing countries such as the Indochinese ones (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia). In the perspective of the resource-based approach, this article aims to analyze the export performance of Indochinese companies. Our findings indicate positive relationships between four international marketing capabilities and exporters’ performance. We also propose some measures to improve and optimize the export performance of Indochinese exporting companies.

Macroeconomic Causes and Effects of Formal Service Standardization

The paper aims at providing a sound understanding of the growing significance of service standardization at national standards bodies. Service standards arose mainly in the last years, so that former studies dealing with causes and effects of standardization focused on product standards or did not examine service standardization separately. Therefore, this paper embodies an exploratory, descriptive approach to explicitly discover the macroeconomic causes and effects of service standardization. The analysis uses panel data from 15 national standards bodies over 13 years. Four factors related to service standardization were derived from the literature: industry size, deregulation, innovation, and foreign trade in services. Impulse response analyses based upon panel vector autoregression were conducted in order to examine the proposed relations and to detect possible causality. In summary, service standardization is positively related to all factors. More detailed, service standardization is caused by the industry size as well as deregulation, while service standards positively affect the industry size, foreign trade, and innovation activities within the service industries. The results give rise to the assumption that the economics of service standards have not yet been fully exploited and that further growth in the significance of service standardization is to be expected.

РОЛЬ УПРАВЛЕНСКОГО УЧЕТА В ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОМ МЕХАНИЗМЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ВЭД ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

This article discusses the theoretical aspects of management accounting in organizational and economic mechanism of foreign trade activities. Increased international competition, the increasing role of non-financial indicators of industrial competitiveness determines the relevance of this article. Blocks interaction management subsystems allows monitoring conjunctural changes, respond to them quickly and make management decisions towards the development of foreign trade as well as the enterprise.

Does ‘New Regionalism Theory’ Explain the Complementary Role of Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Activity in the Central and Eastern European Region? The Case of Bulgaria

In this paper we attempt to contribute to the ongoing debate about new and old regionalism. First, we focus on the presentation of regional initiatives in the Central & East European (CEE) region and on specific motives behind Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and trade expansion in CEE countries. Then, through empirical research and the analysis of regional initiatives we found that FDI and trade are complementary to each other, while FDI is a characteristic of new regionalism signifying deeper integration. On the other hand, geographical proximity still plays an important role in trade and investment suggesting that elements from both old and new regionalism are apparent in the CEE region. Only a small number of advanced countries participate in a few regional initiatives. However, membership in regional initiatives - if isolated - does not directly and/or simultaneously imply deep integration (new regionalism).

Socio-economic approach to the study of foreign economic relations of the region

The article is devoted to considering of socio-economic approach to the study of foreign economic relations of the region, the main statements of the approach are formulated. The indices of foreign trade activities of Sverdlovsk region, the volume of foreign investment are analyzed, countries which can be region’s strategic partners are identified. In the article the tasks and directions of regional foreign policies to improve competitiveness and socio-economic development are defined.

Foreign trade infrastructure of a frontier region: structure, role and development trends

The article reveals the main factors which influence the efficiency of a region’s foreign trade activity. In particular it focuses on the infrastructure of foreign trade, gives a definition of this term and determines its composition. The article also specifies the main object of foreign trade infrastructure development as well as the goals which can be achieved thanks to an optimal and balanced foreign trade infrastructure. Moreover, it underlines the main forces that affect the infrastructure development in modern conditions and distinguishes some of its trends. The practical issues of foreign trade infrastructure operation are discussed on the example of the Kurgan region.

Intraday trading volume and international spillover effects

The objective of this paper is to explore whether lagged trading activity in one market contributes to the return and volatility process in other markets, using 5-min concurrent data from German and British equity market. Our results lend support to our initial premise that if international investors have access to the same information set as domestic traders, then after observing foreign trading activity, market makers adjust prices to reflect their expectation of the security value, conditional upon all available information, including prior trades. Our findings clearly indicate that intraday trading volume contains predictive power for cross-border return and volatility processes. Moreover, these volume effects are found to be asymmetric in the sense that the impact of positive volume changes upon foreign stock market volatility is greater than is the impact of negative changes.

A construção da competitividade externa brasileira: o PAC e outras políticas associadas – Uma Reflexão

The purpose of this article is to discuss the evolution and the consequences of an economic plan called “PAC”, supported by the brazilian federal government to emphasize the development of the country, regarding an adoption of economic measures, related to investments on infra-structure (in areas such as energy, engineering, transportation, logistic), as well as to stimulate the employment level and the foreign trade activities, specially those in charge of the micro, small and middle enterprises. Also, according to the effects of this plan, the article discuss the perspective of progress in the field of the regional integration, regarding the Mercosul countries associated.

Expiration-day effects: Does settlement price matter?

We compare the expiration-day effects of two index futures contracts, TAIEX futures and SGX TW futures, which have the same underlying spot market, but different settlement mechanisms. By taking into account other factors such as open interests and institutional traders' activities, we find that the settlement mechanism and traders' structure affect expiration-day effects. In terms of minimizing expiration-day effects, the average price is better than the opening price, which in turn is better than the closing price settlement. Moreover, the results also demonstrate that foreign institutional traders' trading activities increase expiration-day effects.