Foreign Exchange Receipts Research Articles

The Effect of the Tourism Sector on Economic Growth in Indonesia

This study uses descriptive quantitative methods to explain the influence of the tourism sector on economic growth in Indonesia in the 2006–2021 period. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model is the model chosen to explain the influence between variables. The variables used in projecting the tourism sector in this study are foreign exchange receipts in the tourism sector, the number of workers in the tourism industry, and travel services. The results showed that foreign exchange receipts in the tourism and travel services sectors positively influence Indonesia’s economic growth. Conversely, the variable number of workers in the tourism industry is detrimental to economic growth in Indonesia. Furthermore, it is known that foreign exchange receipts in the tourism sector and workers in the tourism industry significantly impact economic growth in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the increase in travel services in Indonesia has not been able to contribute to Indonesia’s economic growth in the 2006–2021 time period.

The Effect of Social Capital Relations and Community Participation in the Development of the Bejijong Tourism Village, Indonesia

Tourism is one of the government's leading sectors that contributes significantly to the country's foreign exchange receipts. One of the strategies of the tourism sector to continue to trigger economic growth is to develop sustainable tourism through the Tourism Village program. Tourism village development requires the collective involvement of local communities to ensure the program's sustainability. The availability and utilization of social capital influence community participation in tourism development. This study aims to identify how social capital affects community participation in developing the Bejijong Tourism Village program. The population in this study includes the heads of families of tourism actors, with a total sample of 279 households. The variables used are social capital variables consisting of social networks, trusts, social norms, and participation variables at the implementation stage. The analysis used is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to determine the constituent factors contributing to each variable, thereby facilitating an understanding of the specific factors that merit attention for improvement and those that should be upheld to optimize tourism performance. The results of the analysis show that social capital significantly influences community participation. The better the social capital in Bejijong Village, the more people will be willing to participate in developing tourism villages. The social capital variable with the highest influence on participation is the trust variable. Therefore, the community must uphold the optimality of factors influencing trust for the sustainability of tourism development.

Risk assessment in project supply chains in Maldives hospitality sector

The article evaluates the enabling factors of risks in the project management supply chain process within the Maldives hospitality sector within identification of needs in procurement process. The tourist arrivals in the Maldives have been increased rapidly. This trend is found as 64% from 2017 to 2021. The identified trend encourages investments in the hospitality sector in Maldives. Therefore, more accommodations are built to cater upcoming trend of tourist arrivals in Maldives. Statistics show 1.4 million tourist arrivals to Maldives in 2018, setting a new record. The Minister of Tourism, Ali Waheed, reported that the number of tourists who visited Maldives in 2018 was 1,484,276, which is 6.8% (or 94,734 tourists) which is higher than in 2017[1]. Tourism contributes 60% of foreign exchange receipts, making it a crucial part of the Maldives’ economy.

Актуальні питання правового регулювання фінансових відносин в умовах воєнного стану в Україні

The article clarifies the issue of legal regulation of financial relations during martial law in Ukraine. Changes in the powers of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Minister of Finance of Ukraine, the State Treasury Service of Ukraine, the National Bank of Ukraine, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, military administrations, and local bodies during this period were considered. It is justified that the purpose of making changes to the budget legislation is primarily to ensure: priority financing of security and defense expenditures, their increase and redistribution between budgets; formation of the reserve fund of the State Budget of Ukraine; treasury service of funds of local budgets of settlements located in territories where martial law has been imposed, and managers (recipients) of budget funds who may be in settlements in temporarily uncontrolled territory. It is concluded that changes in the legal regulation of banking and currency relations contributed to: ensuring the convenience, speed and availability of financial services; the creation of the Power Banking network and the introduction of ATM national roaming for uninterrupted operation of the banking system, including in blackout conditions; weakening of the negative impact of uncontrolled devaluation, deficit of foreign exchange receipts on the foreign exchange market; ensuring exchange rate stability of the hryvnia; maintaining the stability of the banking system of Ukraine during this period.

Upaya Pemulihan Pendapatan Nasional Sektor Pariwisata Melalui Kebijakan Fiskal di Indonesia Pasca Pandemi

The tourism sector is a contributor to state revenue in the form of foreign exchange and plays a role in increasing productivity and reducing unemployment. The existence of COVID-19 has greatly affected the balance of national income, which has decreased. The sectors most affected are transportation, travel, warehouses and the accommodation and food provision sector. Then the other sector is the tourism sector in Indonesia, about 11.83% of Indonesian workers are in the tourism industry sector. The purpose of this study is to review the impact of Covid -19 which has resulted in the decline of the tourism industry sector in Indonesia and also to respond to Government policies to handle the impact The existence of health quarantine policies, social distancing and Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) greatly affects the activities of the tourism and manufacturing sectors which causes economic growth to slow down so that national income declines. Tourism is one of the sectors most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The tourism sector is the mainstay sector of the national economy that has the potential to encourage economic growth in Indonesia. This is indicated by the increase in the development of foreign tourist arrivals, foreign exchange receipts from the tourism sector, and the contribution of the tourism sector to national GDP. Reduced labor force, unemployment and poverty will increase will cause state revenues in the form of income tax (PPh) to decrease, therefore there needs to be a strategy for economic recovery in the tourism sector, namely fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is one of the economic policies launched by a country to manage and direct the economy to a more conducive condition. The way that this economic policy is highlighted is by changing or updating the management of state revenues and expenditures. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method and the data for this research is based on library research in the form of books, literature, journals, articles about the tourism industry, and how to recover in the post-pandemic, namely fiscal policy. Data obtained through the Central Statistics Agency regarding the development of tourism before and after the pandemic.

Upaya Pemulihan Pendapatan Nasional Sektor Pariwisata Melalui Kebijakan Fiskal di Indonesia Pasca Pandemi

The tourism sector is a contributor to state revenue in the form of foreign exchange and plays a role in increasing productivity and reducing unemployment. The existence of COVID-19 has greatly affected the balance of national income, which has decreased. The sectors most affected are transportation, travel, warehouses and the accommodation and food provision sector. Then the other sector is the tourism sector in Indonesia, about 11.83% of Indonesian workers are in the tourism industry sector. The purpose of this study is to review the impact of Covid -19 which has resulted in the decline of the tourism industry sector in Indonesia and also to respond to Government policies to handle the impact The existence of health quarantine policies, social distancing and Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) greatly affects the activities of the tourism and manufacturing sectors which causes economic growth to slow down so that national income declines. Tourism is one of the sectors most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The tourism sector is the mainstay sector of the national economy that has the potential to encourage economic growth in Indonesia. This is indicated by the increase in the development of foreign tourist arrivals, foreign exchange receipts from the tourism sector, and the contribution of the tourism sector to national GDP. Reduced labor force, unemployment and poverty will increase will cause state revenues in the form of income tax (PPh) to decrease, therefore there needs to be a strategy for economic recovery in the tourism sector, namely fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is one of the economic policies launched by a country to manage and direct the economy to a more conducive condition. The way that this economic policy is highlighted is by changing or updating the management of state revenues and expenditures. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method and the data for this research is based on library research in the form of books, literature, journals, articles about the tourism industry, and how to recover in the post-pandemic, namely fiscal policy. Data obtained through the Central Statistics Agency regarding the development of tourism before and after the pandemic.

Factors of Affecting the Development of Tourism in Uzbekistan in the Example of China and the USA

Uzbekistan has great potential for Zhe development of the tourism industry. Over the past three years, tourism in the country, as one of the main areas of reform and economic growth, has increased fivefold. While about 1 million tourists visited Uzbekistan in 2016, this figure rose to 2.7 million in 2017 and over 5.3 million in 2019. By 2025, the number of foreign tourists is expected to rise to 7 million, and annual foreign exchange receipts from foreign visitors will reach $2 billion. In adittion, the article discusses the factors influencing the development of tourism in Uzbekistan. Tourism is a significant source of income, employment, contributes to the diversification of the economy, creating industries that serve this area. In addition, tourism is an essential factor in the implementation of the foreign policy of the state.

Attractivité touristique et développement durable : La place du patrimoine culturel dans l’essor des territoires:

Cultural heritage is a major showcase for the attractiveness of the territories. As such, the tourist vector plays an important role. Cultural heritage is a resource that has an unmissable tourist potential and plays a major role in the socio-economic and sustainable development of the territories. Culture and tourism are two closely related sectors that contribute significantly to the economic development of countries. Culture and cultural heritage are key elements of a tourist destination’s image, as cultural and heritage assets exert an influence on the tourist frequentation of the territories. Tourists are often motivated and attracted to cultural heritage during their visits abroad. The valorization of heritage strengthens in many countries their tourism sector. The daily dynamics of the economic activities of tourists are associated, directly or indirectly, with other major economic activities, such as transport, hotels, foreign exchange receipts, etc. Moreover, tourism attractiveness requires, as a priority, the implementation of a set of appropriate strategies and measures within the perspective of managerial innovation by urban actors. Good territorial governance in terms of conservation, rehabilitation, valorization and promotion of heritage makes it possible to develop the cultural tourism sector in particular while ensuring territorial sustainable development. This article, which is part of our doctoral research, aims to present a review of conceptual and theoretical approaches to the problematic of cultural heritage and its impacts on tourism attractiveness and socioeconomic development of the territories. This overview is necessary, not for itself, but to frame our research work and equip us with operational concepts for its implementation.

Economic Impact of Diaspora Remittance on Nigerian Economy

The purpose of this paper is to assess the huge impact of Diaspora remittance on the Nigerian economy. In 2018, migrant remittances to Nigeria were $24.3 billion, representing 6.1% of gross domestic product. This figure represents 83% of the Federal Government budget in 2018 and 11 times the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows in same period. Remittances are the fastest growing source of foreign exchange earnings in Nigeria. Hence in March 2021, as part of its reforms to boost the inflow of foreign currency in the country, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) introduced an incentive of N5 for every $1 of fund remitted to Nigeria through International Money Transfer Organisations in its forex policy. Remittances, or money transfers, make up the second-largest source of foreign exchange receipts after oil revenue in Nigeria, Africa's biggest economy. $24.8billion was sent to Nigeria in 2019, according to the World Bank data.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI VOLUME EKSPOR KAYU MANIS INDONESIA

Cinnamon is one of indonesia's plantation export commodities that is quite potential and has expectations for the country's foreign exchange receipts. Cinnamon is not Indonesia's main export commodity, but cinnamon is indonesia's main plantation commodity and has great potential to be exported. There are conditions that are not in line between the production volume and the export volume of Indonesian cinnamon where the production volume shows a downward trend, while the export volume shows an increasing trend. This study aims to analyze what factors influence the export volume of Indonesian cinnamon and find out what factors have the most dominant influence on the export volume of Indonesian cinnamon. This research uses quantitative research design with literature study method. Data in this study in the form of time series data includes annual data during the period 1989 - 2018 (30 years). Data analysis techniques used are classical assumption test analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and statistical test analysis. The results showed that the variable export price of cinnamon, the real exchange rate of rupiah against usd, indonesia's real GDP, and the area of Indonesian cinnamon land had a significant effect on the export volume of Indonesian cinnamon, while the variable amount of cinnamon production and the real GDP of the USA had an insignificant effect on the export volume of Indonesian cinnamon. The most dominant factor affecting the export volume of Indonesian cinnamon is the export price of cinnamon.

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA, FACILITIES, AND PRICES ON THE DECISION TO VISIT TOURISTS THERE ARE NATURAL ATTRACTIONS SITU GUNUNG SUKABUMI

Tourism is one of the advantages owned by Indonesia. Even Indonesia is known for its natural wealth and abundant tourism resources, almost every region of Indonesia has a tourist attraction as a region's characteristic. The development of tourism in Indonesia is always progressing because more days, tourism becomes commonplace and commonly done by the community. Besides, Indonesia's tourism sector's story is also significant for Indonesia's economic growth through foreign exchange receipts, increasing regional income, absorption of labour, and regional development. The result of tourism in Indonesia can be seen from the data of research that has been done by the ministry of tourism and creative economy of the Republic of Indonesia, which shows the number of tourists travelling in the archipelago or local is increasing every year. Therefore, through this research, we can determine if social media, facilities, and prices affect tourists' decisions, especially on natural tourism Situ Gunung Sukabumi. The population in this study has visited the Situ Gunung tourism with a total of 106 respondents. This study sample was 100 people, using data collection techniques through library studies and disseminating questionnaires. Data analysis in this study using IBM SPSS Statistic 23 application.

Pembuatan Website Wisata Desa Gajahrejo Dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing Sebagai Desa Wisata Sekaligus Memasarkan Produk Unggulan Desa

Indonesia is a country with good economic growth, one of the main contributors of gross domestic product (GDP) is the tourism sector. The country's foreign exchange receipts from the sector continued to grow to US$ 16.11 Billion in 2018. The existence of tourist villages is now a concern of the government in increasing economic equality and reducing the Gini ratio from Indonesia. The potential of tourist villages is huge, about 1,734 potential tourist villages that have the potential to be developed salag the only one is Gajahrejo village located south of malang regency. Gajahrejo village has tremendous economic potential with its wealth and superior products. So, the creation of a website is one of the solutions to the economic improvement of Gajahrejo village. By using waterfall method in the development process that begins with analysis until maintenance is able to provide outstanding website results, by going through 3 stages namely preparation, implementation, and evaluation. With the process and methods used produced a website that serves as a data center and the sale of products from Gajahrejo village as an effort to strengthen the branding of the village.

An Analysis of Percentage Share of Foreign Exchange Earnings from Tourism in Balance of Payments of India

Tourism is a rapidly growing industry of the world and it is gaining universal acceptance as an engine because of its forward and backward linkages which helps in overall development of a country. Like any other countries, India is also recognizing the tourism sector’s ability to push the economy upward. India is now able to attract a huge amount of foreign tourists, which is giving rise to the number of foreign tourist arrivals (FTAS) in India, which in turn giving rise to the foreign exchange earnings. According to Ministry of Tourism (Government of India), during 2018, foreign tourist arrivals (FTAs) in India stood at 10.56 million and it is contributing US $ 28585 million as a Foreign Exchange to the economy. This is also providing helping hand to stabilize the Balance of Payments (BoP) of the country. The tourism sector of India is the second largest contributor among the services to the current account balance of the country. India is a net exporter of travel as foreigners visiting India spend more money than Indians visiting foreign countries. As International tourism usually does not require high value imports for every single unit of foreign currency coming into the economies of developing countries, it can be used for the development of the economy of the country. However, this paper is trying to analyze the growth of the tourism sector as well as its percentage share as Foreign Exchange Receipts to the Balance of Payments (BoP) of the country India.

Prediction Of The Number Of Tourists To Visit Bali Province Using Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network (Case Study: Data 1990-2016)

Bali Island is the most popular tourist destination in Indonesia. The total number of foreign tourists visiting Indonesia through the entrance of Ngurah Rai Airport reached 40% as of October 2016, with the value of Bali's foreign exchange receipts for Indonesia from the tourism sector amounting to 70 Trillion Rupiah. Minister of Tourism (Menpar) Arief Yahya always uses the password "Bali" in promoting destinations throughout the world. Because in tourism, Bali is a gate that is passed by 40 percent of foreign tourists (tourists) to Indonesia. In support of more accurate decision making, the author makes a system of forecasting numbers of foreign tourists visiting Bali Province by taking a sample of Japan. Factors that are used as input to make predictions include the number of tourists visiting before, the population of the country of origin of foreign tourists, Gross Domestic Product, and the Relative Consumer Price Index of the countries of origin of foreign tourists. In this research, optimization of the activation function, hidden neuron, and learning rate parameters is performed. Forecasting results using the backpropagation method produce a pretty good accuracy with an accuracy of Mean Square Error = 0.0050558, and test data accuracy of MSE = 0.031695. ANN architecture in the training process is then used to calculate predictions of visits by foreign tourists in the testing process

ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ РИНКУ КРУП’ЯНИХ ВИРОБІВ В УКРАЇНІ

Development and deepening of processing of agricultural products, including grains, improvement of its quality characteristics will contribute to increase of employment in rural areas, satisfaction of internal and external demand, increase of foreign exchange receipts in the state and incomes of producers. The aim of the article is to evaluate the prospects for the development of the market for large products in Ukraine, taking into account trends in changes of supply and demand. The methodological basis of the study: the systematic and dialectical approaches and the use of methods of synthesis and analysis in determining the patterns and features of the market for large products in Ukraine. The article analyzes the dynamics and structure of production of grains, identifies the problems of increasing the supply of their main species. The factors of internal and external demand for national grain and future trends of development of this market have been considered. It has been proved that the production volumes of the main grains depend directly on the availability of raw material supply and its quality, the demand for finished products both in the Ukrainian market and from the side of the importing countries of Ukrainian products, as well as the retrospective profitability of the sale of alternative crops. Expansion of national sales in the national market can be achieved through the comprehensive application of non-tariff restrictions that do not conflict with WTO agreements. The scientific novelty of the research is to systematize the factors of formation of demand and supply of large products and to analyze their impact on the market environment. The practical significance of the research lies in identifying the main areas within which the problems of further development of the large industry are generated, which creates the basis for the development of measures to minimize their negative impact. Keywords: grains, grain production, grains market, processing enterprises, grain production.

Indonesia: 2008 Article IV Consultation-Staff Report; Staff Statement; Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Indonesia

Indonesia’ 2008 Article IV Consultation reports that Indonesia’s growth performance remains strong despite the deteriorating global environment. The economy remains vulnerable to shifts in investor sentiment, and volatility in the government bond market has increased. The new policy of increased reselling of official foreign exchange receipts from oil exports should support the rupiah and help dampen inflation, but a more automatic mechanism for recycling official reserves would, in addition, enhance liquidity and foreign exchange market development.

New Zealand, 100% Pure. The creation of a powerful niche destination brand

Building a destination brand presents many challenges, and this paper critically explores Tourism New Zealand's (TNZ) creation of the ‘100% Pure New Zealand’ brand. Launched market by market between July 1999 and February 2000, the brand is intended to provide the platform for a doubling of the country's tourism foreign exchange receipts by 2005. The paper opens by briefly reviewing some of the key barriers facing would-be destination branders. It focuses particularly on the processes involved in successful brand building, and identifies as key the achievement of celebrity status and conversational value. Critical to the creation of a durable destination brand is the identification of the brand's values, the translation of those into a suitably emotionally appealing brand personality and the targeted and efficient delivery of that message. In the case study of New Zealand, the paper examines this process by reviewing the UK phase of the research that underpinned the brand creation; the positioning strategy; and TNZ's implementation of the brand. ‘100% Pure’ is the tagline for the country's first ever global branding initiative and showcases New Zealand's diverse landscapes, people, culture and tourism activities. It is, however, a very targeted initiative and the key markets for media activity are Australia, Japan, the USA, the UK, Germany and Singapore. The paper concludes that through the harnessing of effective marketing research and partnerships, and by targeting its approach, TNZ has created a powerful travel destination brand, positioned as an appealing niche player in today's global tourism industry.

The Migration–Development Nexus: Sri Lanka Case Study

This paper explores the relationship between migration and development in Sri Lanka, a country that has been the source of large numbers of migrants and the recipient of much development assistance. Commissioned as part of a wider study conducted by the Centre for Development Research, Denmark, this case study seeks to answer a set of specific questions about the nature and extent of links between development assistance and migration flows. The paper surveys the socio–economic context in which both migration and development have taken place in Sri Lanka, describing the causes, scale, and features of migration flows from Sri Lanka in recent decades. Two main streams of migration flows are identified: labour migration and political migration. The flows are distinguished by ethnic characteristics (the former is mostly Sinhalese and the latter pre–dominantly Tamil) and destination (the former to the Middle East and the latter to the West). Both flows have intensified during a time of protracted conflict and in the context of waraffected economic development since the early 1980s.The importance of remittances from migrants to the Sri Lankan economy and the extent to which diaspora activities impact Sri Lanka are also discussed. Despite the lack of statistics, especially on informal remittances from the Tamil diaspora, it is suggested that the remittances have been and will continue to be a sizeable component of foreign exchange receipts in Sri Lanka. The paper concludes that the complex interactions between migration, development assistance, remittances, and conflict are important for the prospects for peace and reconstruction in Sri Lanka. The challenge in Sri Lanka will be to move from a vicious cycle of conflict, underdevelopment and migration to a more virtuous one. In this process, it is suggested that the diaspora will be a key player in the shift towards peace and remittances will be an integral part of reconstruction.

Les déterminants du commerce extérieur de la Chine

The sensibility of China's foreign trade to relative prices in short and long terms has been confirmed for 1978-1994 period, using the techniques of cointegration and error-correction representation. This sensibility has been stronger for manufactured products. The long-run revenue-elasticity of imports is considerably smaller than in the short-run because of import substitution policy. The model of foreign exchange allocation, which uses the foreign exchange receipts and reserves as independent variables, has explained the volume of China's foreign trade. These variables are however only appropriate in short run when they have been introduced in traditional function. Economic activities have influenced positively the supply of exports.

Imports Under a Foreign Exchange Constraint: The Case of the Islamic Republic of Iran

This paper examines the role of foreign exchange receipts in determining Iran’s imports during 1961/62-1992/93. It provides evidence of the existence of long-term relationship between imports and foreign exchange receipts, as well as the traditional price and output variables.