Foreign Economic Security Research Articles

DETERMINANTS OF EXTERNAL ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN 2010-2022

Objective. The objective of the present study is to analyze the level of economic security in general and foreign economic security of Ukraine in 2010-2021, in particular, to identify disincentive factors and stimulators of foreign economic security in 2010-2022. Methods. The following methods and techniques of cognition are applied: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction (to justify the complementary relationship between economic and foreign economic security), analysis of series of dynamics (to identify the state and trends inherent in indicators of economic and foreign economic security of Ukraine), tabular (for visual presentation of factual data on the level and dynamics of economic and foreign economic security of Ukraine in 2010-2021 and 2010-2022, respectively ). Results. On the basis of the conducted study of the level of economic security in general and external economic security of Ukraine in 2010-2021, in particular, it is determined that during the period under the analysis, the level of economic security of Ukraine was on average 40%, foreign economic security – 35%, which corresponds to a dangerous state. At the same time, foreign economic security is proposed to be considered as the state of protection of the country's national economic interests in the field of foreign economic relations, which is based on the country's ability to ensure sustainable economic growth and increase the welfare of the population in the long term; protect their national resources and markets from external threats; influence world economic processes and defend their interests in the international arena. It is identified that the factors stimulating foreign economic security of Ukraine in 2010-2022 were: high level of openness of the economy; the specifics of export-import operations – the value of exports significantly exceeded the value of imports, a high level of focus on one geographical direction was observed – one foreign trade partner, one product; low level of processing of goods and specialization in trade in raw goods with a low level of processing; low level of utilization of the transit capacities of the gas transportation and oil transportation system; sufficiently high level of import dependence; insufficient level of diversification of the economy. It is determined that despite the lack of factors stimulating the country's foreign economic security during 2010-2022, the following positive trends are observed during this period: decrease in the openness of the national economy, decrease in the level of foreign trade dependence of Ukraine on leading partner countries, decrease in the level of dependence on export volumes countries from the leading product (product group).

STRATEGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INERNATIONAL TRADE IN UKRAINE

Foreign economic security is one of the key aspects of the stable development of the economy of any country, including Ukraine. To strengthen it, it is necessary to develop and implement strategic directions aimed at ensuring reliable and sustainable functioning of the economy and reducing its dependence on external risks. The practical significance of the study of strategies for the development of the State's foreign economic activity is to identify the main guidelines for Ukraine's further development in the context of post-war recovery. The purpose of the study is to identify the main strategic directions for the further development of Ukraine's foreign trade operations caused by the development of the European integration process, the complication of the political and legal situation, and changes in partnership relations between countries. The following priority areas of action have been identified for Ukraine's foreign trade in view of European integration: adherence to and acceleration of the strategic sequence of reforms, taking into account changes in the state of political and economic relations; Increasing financial and technical support from the EU, subject to the conditions for increasing the transparency of cash flows and the efficiency of their use; increasing partnership with non-European countries.

Regarding the ordering of individual definitions in the regulatory and legal regulation of economic security

The scientific article examines issues related to the determination of the essence, role and meaning of definitions in the regulatory and legal regulation of economic security. The uniqueness of the phenomenon of economic security is emphasized, which is the guarantor of ensuring the national interests of the state, society, and the individual in the economic sphere and the basis for the unhindered implementation of the state’s strategic national priorities. Ensuring these interests and implementing strategic priorities is possible through the creation of effective legal regulation, which includes various legal means, in particular, regulatory prescriptions. It is pointed out the important role of definitions in normative and legal regulation, which contain definitions of concepts as integral elements of the legal basis for ensuring economic security. It is noted that the legal definitions of the concepts have a universally binding nature and contribute to the formation of a single legal space. The functions of legal definitions in the normative and legal regulation of ensuring economic security are revealed. An attempt was made to evaluate the conceptual and categorical apparatus in the analyzed field from the point of view of the universality of the relevant definitions, the completeness of their textual expression, as well as state policy. It is noted that the current security legislation does not contain a legislative definition of key concepts in the field of ensuring economic security. In this regard, the problem of unification of the conceptual and categorical apparatus in the field of ensuring economic security by adopting the main strategic planning documents is raised. In the opinion of the author, taking into account the main approaches of the legislation to the definition of national interests, the legal concept of “economic security”, similar to the definition of “state security”, should reflect a certain state of the state, under which conditions are created to ensure the appropriate state of security of the economic system of Ukraine. The expediency of developing a new Strategy for the sustainable development of the economy of Ukraine for the post-war period was emphasized, which would not only determine the ways to achieve goals and implement priorities of national interests in the field of ensuring economic security and foresee the main challenges and threats, but also contain a legal definition of “economic security” and such its components, such as “financial security”, “foreign economic security”, “investment and innovation security”, etc.

Особенности оценки внешнеэкономической безопасности государства

Статья посвящена анализу международных подходов к оценке состояния экономической безопасности государств в мировых экономических рейтингах. Актуальность темы обусловлена тем, что все более широкое применение для проведения макроэкономического анализа приобретают методики мировых рейтинговых агентств, которые на основании комплекса экономических индексов ранжируют страны в определенных экономических сферах, влияя на инвестиционную привлекательность. Обобщены подходы к анализу экономической безопасности в разрезе их основных школ и фундаментальных положений. The article is devoted to the analysis of international approaches to assessing the state of economic security of states in world economic ratings. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the methods of world rating agencies are becoming increasingly used for conducting macroeconomic analysis, which, based on a set of economic indices, rank countries in certain economic spheres, affecting investment attractiveness. The article systematizes approaches to the analysis of economic security in the context of their main schools and fundamental provisions.

Vectors of development of energy cooperation between Russia and foreign countries under economic sanctions

The subject of this study is the modern aspects of Russia’s positioning in the global energy space. They are associated with the shift from the previously established liberal world order and the trend towards new polarisation in the world economic system, as well as with the increasing risks of turbulence in world energy markets. In this regard, it is extremely important to assess the real impact of economic sanctions on the nature of relationships and determine promising vectors for the development of energy cooperation between Russia and foreign countries. The research methodology includes analysis and synthesis methods and a historical approach, which are productively used to assess the tactical and strategic actions of our country in the system of international energy cooperation. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the substantiation of theoretical approaches and assessment of the practical implementation of energy cooperation with foreign countries. Those priority interests are considered that determine the economic sovereignty and identity of Russia in the conditions of a gradual but categorical shift of the world community from the previously established imperatives of liberalism and economic globalisation. The article is of an overview nature and describes the key areas of cooperation in the oil and gas and coal industries. Its main provisions may be used for long-term researches related to modernising the strategy of Russia’s foreign economic relations and increasing the level of its foreign economic security in the context of new global challenges.

Economic issue of using artificial neural networks with radial-basis transmission functions for modeling efficiency of management processes

ObjectivesThe paper presents the possibility of using artificial neural networks (ANN) with radial-basis transmission function (RBF) for modeling of economic phenomena and processes.Material and methodsThe basic characteristics and parameters of an ANN with RBF are shown and the advantages of using this type of ANN for modeling economic phenomena and processes are emphasized. Using an ANN with RBF, together with official statistics for 2010-2017, the modeling of the influence caused by work efficiency indicators of the customs authorities of Ukraine on the indicators of economic security of Ukraine was carried out. These eighteen indicators of economic security of Ukraine, which comprehensively characterize the economic status of the country in terms of production, social, financial, food, transport, energy, and foreign economic security, were chosen as the most informative indicators.ResultsThe results of the study showed that Artificial neural networks with Radial-basis transmission function well describe the trend of changing state economic security indicators under the influence of changing performance indicators of customs authorities. This allows us to recommend this type of artificial neural networks for analysis, evaluation and forecasting of economic phenomena and processes.ConclusionsThe results obtained showed good analytical and prognostic properties of an ANN with RBF when modeling the impact of customs authorities' performance on the state's economic security indicators.

Agricultural Development Management in the Context of Ukraine's Foreign Economic Security

Purpose: Unsolved pre-war problems of agricultural production are additionally burdened by ongoing military operations, which have caused inevitable changes in domestic and foreign markets. Identifying and eliminating threats to the development of the agricultural sector will increase the efficiency of agricultural production, which will increase the level of foreign economic security of the country and, at the same time, strengthen global food security.
 Design / Method / Approach: Based on the data of domestic and international statistical services and organizations, we used economic and statistical methods (regression, trend analysis) and graphically presented the obtained results.
 Findings: A critically low share of imports negatively affects foreign economic security and pricing in the domestic market. The products export of plant-origin and low-value metals, as opposed to the high-tech products import, is critical. The condition with the provision of fish and fish products, fruits, berries and grapes, eggs, vegetables, and melon food crops is unstable. It depends either on conditions in foreign markets or only on domestic factors. The geographical structure of foreign trade is unsatisfactory and threatening due to excessive imports from China. An inverse correlation between the export volume of Ukrainian agricultural products and the world level of food prices has been established.
 Theoretical Implications: The work confirms the importance of the Ukrainian agricultural sector in the context of global food security.
 Practical Implications: We offer a set of actions, the implementation of which will make it possible to eliminate problems in agricultural production that negatively affect the state of foreign economic security.
 Originality / Value: Work on a highly specialized topic, which includes the development of agricultural processes against the background of ongoing military operations.
 Research Limitations / Future Research: In further research, it is advisable to consider the importance of the agricultural sector in the system of economic security of different countries since this article is limited to the methodology of the Ukrainian government.
 Paper type: Empirical
 JEL Classification: Q11, Q17, Q18

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ОПЕРАТИВНО-РОЗЫСКНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ТАМОЖЕННЫХ ОРГАНОВ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫХ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫХ ПРОГРАММНЫХ СРЕДСТВ

таможенная преступность, таможенные органы, оперативно-розыскная деятельность, оперативное подразделение, современные цифровые технологии, автоматизированная система, база данных, перспективное программное средство, искусственный интеллект, большие данные Introduction: the relevance of the research topic is due to a set of circumstances that directly affect the organization of ensuring Russia's foreign economic security. For the purposes of the study, it is necessary to identify problematic issues in the implementation of detective activities in combating customs crime, as well as to develop proposals to improve countering these criminal encroachments through the introduction of promising intelligent software. Materials and Methods: empirical basis were personal experience of the author's service in the customs authorities of the Russian Federation; dialectical method, logical method, method of system analysis and synthesis, the method of theoretical modeling. Results: in the course of the study, criminological characteristics of common customs crimes are given, as well as the main schemes of their commission, practical features of the use of automated systems and databases by detective units of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation in detection, prevention, suppression and disclosure of these crimes are considered. Discussion and Conclusions: in order to improve the mechanisms of the detective activities in the fight against custom offences, proposals have been put forward for the practical improvement of the fight against smuggling, evasion of customs payments, the commission of illegal financial transactions using promising intelligent software and existing automated systems.

RISKS AND SOURCES OF THREATS THE FOREIGN ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study modern risks and sources of threats in the sphere of ensuring Ukraine's foreign economic security. Method. In order to solve scientific problems, the research used: comparative analysis of empirical data; abstract-logical generalization, grouping methods, statistical methods. Results. The work identifies the existing and potential risks of Ukraine's foreign economic activity. On the basis of the conducted comparative analysis, it is proven that the current low state of foreign economic security is the result of russia's military aggression; high level of dollarization of the economy; vulnerable export commodity structure; low competitiveness of domestic producers; dependence on the import of energy carriers and certain types of products; certain discrimination of Ukrainian enterprises in trade relations. The main way to improve foreign economic activity should be the simultaneous implementation of structural reforms in all economic spheres of the country. Scientific novelty consists in a comprehensive study of the current level of foreign economic security and the identification of potential risks and threats, the implementation of which can significantly worsen the state of Ukraine's foreign economic activity. Practical significance. Individual results and conclusions can be used by national regulators in the process of determining ways to improve the state of foreign economic security.

IMPACT OF ECONOMIC CRIME ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE

Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to study the impact of criminal business activities on public order and stability of the country. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the origin of criminal business, its economic reasons, economic crime, competition, institutions. Practical Value. Depending on the scale of distribution and the volume of sales, drug trafficking is considered to be one of the most important areas of criminal activity. Criminality is a complex synthesis of legal, social, economic, political, psychological and other factors. The science of the mentioned phenomenon and its causes under the name of criminology was developed in the second half of the 19th century. However, the views were expressed by those who thought about it much earlier. The relevance of the topic. The scientific novelty of the research can be discussed in relation to the modern scientific and historical situation of the development of this research problem in the scientific community. Based on this, it is new to generalize, analyze and study the challenges of foreign economic security. It is important to reveal the mentioned trends and to develop recommendations in the direction of overcoming and perfecting the new challenges of economic security. Practical implications. There is no lack of relevant sources in the world scientific literature on specific research issues of criminal business. At the same time, in the modern stage of globalization, in today's changed conditions, it is important to comprehensively examine the domestic and foreign economic security priorities of the country. Expected results of the study. To reveal the modern trends and priorities of ensuring the internal and external economic security of the country, to identify the existing challenges and to determine the optimal ways of overcoming them.

Модель контролю та оцінки ризику зовнішньоекономічної безпеки національних економік в умовах світових криз

The aim of the research work is to form a model of control and risk assessment of foreign economic security (FES) of national economies in the conditions of global crises. Its implementation will make it possible to take into account the likely future threats of FES in time and introduce effective mechanisms for their extinguishing or reduction in the present time to form an optimal trajectory for the development of foreign economic relations. The article substantiates that as the forecast values of FES indicators for the formation of a model of control and risk assessment of FES of national economies, it is advisable to include the following indicators: the level of openness of the economy; import export coverage ratio; growth rates of exports and imports; the share of imports in domestic consumption of the country; level of unemployment. As a method of forecasting the FES indicators, it is proposed to use a consensus forecast based on the principle of calculating the median values of indicators based on expert assessments by macroeconomic analysis and forecasting specialists. The practical implementation of the model of control and risk assessment of the FES of national economies was carried out on the example of the Ukrainian economy as one that is subject to the strong influence of crisis phenomena that cause a complex of threats to the FES. The projected level of FES risk for Ukraine according to a pessimistic and probable estimate is dangerously high, according to an optimistic one – high. This means the presence of a destabilizing negative impact of the crisis occurrences on the foreign economic activity of the national economy and a significant decrease in its functionality. To ensure the proper level of the FES of Ukraine in the context of crisis, it is necessary to: improve the regulatory framework by introducing a mandatory norm for calculating the FES index annually along with the forecast value of the risk level; introduction of mechanisms to increase Ukraine's role in the world trade system through the development of high-tech sectors of the economy, in particular through attracting international investment; search for new opportunities for foreign trade cooperation and development of the internal market.

System of assessment of the foreign economic security of agricultural enterprises

System of assessment of the foreign economic security of agricultural enterprises

АТЛАС ЗАГРОЗ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНІЙ БЕЗПЕЦІ УКРАЇНИ ЯК МЕХАНІЗМ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОАНАЛІТИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ОРГАНІВ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ ВЛАДИ

The article examines the essence and features of the development of an atlas of threats to Ukraine's foreign economic security, which is proposed to mean a three-level highly mobile inter-enclave and international economic system that allows comprehensive monitoring of security challenges and threats to Ukraine's global security security at global, regional and national levels. It is established that the atlas of threats to foreign economic security will allow to identify challenges, potential and real threats to foreign economic security and quickly adapt the system of providing the foreign economic system to the new requirements of a dynamic security environment; provide relevant information to the authorities for the development of management decisions in the field of foreign economic security. It is noted that the solution of strategic, tactical and operational tasks of foreign economic security and the adoption of appropriate management decisions requires an interpretation of foreign economic security space, convenient for compiling an electronic (computer) version of the atlas of threats to foreign economic security. Therefore, the author's definition of "electronic version of the atlas of threats to foreign economic security" is proposed as a reflection of foreign economic security space in a computer version (software and use of information systems), convenient for solving various strategic and situational problems in foreign economic security. It is concluded that filling the pages of the atlas of threats to foreign economic security will allow comprehensive monitoring of the foreign economic security situation, as well as to develop adequate and timely management decisions in the field of foreign economic security.

MODELING AND PROGRAMMING OF THE SYSTEM OF ACTIVITY OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES IN THE FIELD OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE

The article investigates the process of modeling public administration in the field of foreign economic security as a certain sequence of development of functional, informational and morphological models, as well as the integration of these models. It is established that the functional model is a model of activity that provides initial data for the development of an information model. The information model characterizes the degree of uncertainty inherent in a system or system problem, the level of our knowledge about them, about problems in knowledge and ways to solve them. A morphological model is a description of the internal structure of a system or system problem, the identification of subsystems or subproblems and the establishment of relationships between them, the identification of autonomous functions in a functional model and the systematization of models. The result of developing a morphological model is a representation of the structure and functions of system elements, classification of connections and description of dynamics of action, as a result of which the researcher receives a refined morphological model that corresponds to functional and information models of system of public administration in foreign economic security. It is conclude that the proposed morphological model of public administration in the field of foreign economic security, organizational and logical scheme of development of the target program for the development of public administration in the field of foreign economic security will ensure the functional integrity of public administration in the field of foreign economic security, which is covered by a single plan to ensure foreign economic security of Ukraine at the strategic, tactical and operational levels of public administration in this area, taking into account the requirements of foreign economic security environment to the system of foreign economic security and existing resource and time constraints.

ОСНОВНІ ЗАСАДИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ У СФЕРІ

The article considers the principles of functioning of public mechanisms in the field of foreign economic security of EU member states. In particular, ensuring EU security is determined by a number of conceptual provisions: the indivisibility of security and its development on the basis of integration processes; scale and constant development of security programs; using national aspects to solve regional problems; equality of status and decision- making based on consensus; coordination of efforts in the field of common interests; territorial integrity of states and non-interference in each other's internal affairs; the formation of a market economy and the development of civil society. It has been established that scientists and politicians of EU countries do not single out the concepts of "foreign economic security", but operate with the concepts of "security", "national security" and "economic security", while really mean in their content and problems of foreign economic security. Have been found EU members to have different levels of economic security. Relatively stable economic systems in the EU (Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Germany, France) are mainly focused on improving the efficiency of the economy and at the same time maintain the existing level of personal economic security of its citizens. The relatively new EU member states (Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and the Baltic states) have already completed first-generation reforms and are in the final stages of security sector reforms. It is concluded that the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine changes the security vectors in Europe. It has become clear that the current system of international security is not able to deter the aggressor and protect against real threats to individual countries. Only an effective combination of military force, diplomatic instruments and a strong economy can guarantee the realization of national interests, national ideas and national goals. This is the path Ukraine must take in its European aspirations, creating conditions for comprehensive protection of its own statehood and cultural and historical identification.

DESIGNING A SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE FIELD OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE

The author 's conceptual model of public administration system formation in the field of foreign economic security is proposed, which structurally includes seven levels: the first level – factors determining at the supranational level the origin and dynamics of international economic security, global policy, regional economic – Euro-Atlantic and European; the second level – the factors that determine at the national level the emergence and dynamics of public administration in the field of foreign economic security, in particular basic social institutions: economics, politics, culture; third and fourth levels – external and internal institutional environment for the formation of public administration in the field of foreign economic security; fifth level – the institutional matrix of public administration in the field of foreign economic security; the sixth level is the level of processes that covers the cycles of development and implementation of policies for the formation of public administration in the field of foreign economic security, as well as mechanisms for developing and implementing this policy; the seventh level is organizational, which includes the stages of state-regulatory influence on the formation of the system of public administration in the field of foreign economic security in accordance with the implementation of the idea of participatory management of national security. It is conclude that the introduction of the conceptual model of public administration in the field of foreign economic security, the main idea of which is the evolutionary development of public administration institutions in this specific area with the principle of complementarity, will increase the efficiency of Ukraine's foreign economic security.

ІНСТИТУЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КРИМІНОЛОГІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ЕКОНОМІКИ В УКРАЇНІ

The article is devoted to the research of institutional support of criminological security of the economy in Ukraine. In the article economic security as a component of national security is considered. It is determined that economic security is the state of the national economy, which allows to maintain resilience to internal and external threats, to ensure high competitiveness in the world economic environment and characterizes the ability of the national economy to sustainable and balanced growth. Components of economic security are: 1) industrial security; 2) demographic security; 3) energy security; 4) foreign economic security; 5) investment and innovation security; 6) macroeconomic security; 7) food security; 8) social security; 9) financial security: banking security; security of non-bank financial sector; debt security. It has been proved that the criminological direction of ensuring economic security is one of the main vectors for the protection of the economy, its detinization and decriminalization, the guarantee of sustainable development. The author draws attention to the need for unification and systematization of subjects involved in ensuring economic security. Novelties of legislation in this area are analyzed. The division of subjects of ensuring criminological security of the economy in Ukraine into 2 groups: specialized and non-specialized is proposed. Specialized subjects of ensuring criminological security of the economy are bodies whose immediate task is to protect the economy, establish law and order in this area, prevent and counteract offenses encroaching on the functioning of the state economy. The group of non-specialized subjects of ensuring criminological security of the economy consists of state bodies, services, institutions, organizations and other subjects that involve in the regulation of economic relations and perform law enforcement, human rights protection, administrative, supervisory or regulatory functions.

ІСТОРІЯ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТКУ СИСТЕМИ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ (1990-2022 рр.)

The study of historical preconditions for the formation and development of Ukraine's foreign economic security system requires interdisciplinary knowledge. Accordingly, the article considers the methodological principles of research on the problems of economic security in the context of global transformations, such as the principles of historicism, objectivity, causality, system and development. Emphasis is placed on the following stages of development of the economic security system in Ukraine: Stage I, which lasted until 1917, Stage II - 1917-1930, Stage III - 1931-1940, Stage IV - 1941 - 1991, Stage V - from 1991 to the present. It is noted that on the basis of historiographical analysis of the results of historical and economic research, as well as highlighting the achievements in science the public administration in the recent history of public administration in the field of foreign economic security of Ukraine can be divided into six main substages: 1st sub-stage (1990-1996) is a historical period from the adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine to the adoption of the Constitution of Ukraine. 2nd sub-stage (1997-2002) - the period when the Concept (basics of state policy) of national security of Ukraine was approved. 3rd sub-stage (2003- 2009) - adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On the Fundamentals of National Security of Ukraine" (2003). The 4th sub-stage (2010-2013) is the beginning of a change in Ukraine's foreign policy status, namely the renewal of its non-aligned status. This is reflected in the Laws of Ukraine "On the Principles of Domestic and Foreign Policy", "On the Fundamentals of National Security of Ukraine", in the new versions of the Military Doctrine of Ukraine (2012) and the National Security Strategy of Ukraine (2012). 5th sub-stage (2014-2019) - radical changes in the military-political and military-strategic situation around Ukraine caused by Russian aggression, the leadership of the Ukrainian state renounced non- aligned status and renewed its foreign policy towards European and Euro- Atlantic integration. 6th sub-stage (2019 - present) - in the difficult military- political and military-strategic situation around Ukraine caused by Russian aggression, the tasks of European and Euro-Atlantic integration the tasks of European and Euro-Atlantic integration are being implemented, as well as the legal and institutional mechanisms of public administration in the field of national security are being improved.

СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ СПІВПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ ТА ЄС У СФЕРІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ

The article examines modern trends of development of Ukraine's foreign economic activity as an important component of foreign economic security. The Law of Ukraine "On National Security" defines the fundamental national interests of Ukraine, through which the idea of foreign economic security of the state, because sovereignty and territorial integrity, economic development, close cooperation with European countries and organizations are possible through the development and implementation of effective public mechanisms in the fild of foreign economic security. It is noted that foreign economic activity is the basis for export-import operations, purchase and sale of goods and services, filling the budget, realization of national interests, ensuring economic security and more. It is established that Ukraine is an active participant in international economic activity. As of the beginning of 2022, Ukraine carried out trade operations with more than 170 countries. In 2021, compared to 2020, imports of goods increased by 34% to $72.84 billion, and exports - by 38.4%, to $68.07 billion. At the same time, in 2021 the export of Ukrainian goods and services to the EU reached $26.8 billion. The volume of imports of 27 EU countries to Ukraine amounted to $28.9 billion. The EU is Ukraine's main trading partner at the present stage. The article points out that as a result of hostilities there have been significant changes in Ukraine's foreign economic activity. Analysis of this impact on foreign economic security can be divided into the following groups of problems: the inability to carry out production; difficulties in ensuring the sale of goods; financial problems; difficulties in communications, investment and social projects. It is noted that in support of Ukraine, the European Union is lifting trade restrictions on Ukrainian exports. The abolition of customs duties applies to exports of industrial products, fruits and vegetables from Ukraine, as well as anti- dumping duties on steel imports. Thus, the European Union is trying to support Ukraine's economic system, create conditions for at least minimal development and economic activity.

КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЬ ПРИЧОРНОМОРСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЗМІЦНЕННЯ ЙОГО ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ

The paper deals with theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of the term of "regional competitiveness", "regional economic security" and "regional external economic security" concepts. Special emphasis is placed on the consideration of two approaches of "regional competitiveness". The key tasks of the policy of ensuring economic security and competitiveness are summarized. The method of assessing the components of economic security of the region in the context of increasing its competitiveness has been substantiated. The international competitiveness of the Black Sea region was analyzed. An evaluation of the foreign economic security of the Black Sea region was carried out in accordance with the components of its competitiveness. In the paper was stated that an important factor in ensuring the foreign economic security’s appropriate level of domestic regions in the process of European integration, along with the sectoral structure of the regional economy, is the scientific and technological component, which determines the structure and level of science-intensive exports, the degree of import and technological dependence of the region. Mykolaiv Oblast currently has the highest degree of foreign economic security among the regions of the Black Sea Region, as all indicators for the foreign economic component are more than 1. Diagnostics of the economic security of the regions of the Black Sea region according to the main parameters of their socio-economic development was carried out, which made it possible to carry out an appropriate comparative analysis according to the level of economic security. The given analysis of the level of economic security and assign regions to the following groups: regions with a relatively high level of economic security, which are mainly resource-extracting and export-oriented (Odesa region); regions with a pre-crisis level of security (Mykolaiv region); regions with a critical level of economic security (Kherson region). According to the average value, the Black Sea region itself belongs to the region with a pre-crisis level of economic security. The sum of his points was 275.