Foreign Economic Activity Of Ukraine Research Articles

Accounting of foreign economic activities: impact on current aspects of currency operations supervision and financial monitoring during the period of martial state in Ukraine

Introduction. Accounting for foreign economic activity was and remains a relevant area of accounting support for business entities, which is associated with an increased risk of errors in connection with changes in regulatory documents on such activities, different conditions for carrying out activities due to the variability of the terms of foreign economic contracts, the need to take into account different exchange rates and the correct submission and presentation of information in financial statements. It is important for business entities to comply with the requirements of legislation, to organize proper internal control/internal audit to prevent errors in reflected transactions in the conditions of foreign economic activity. The purpose of the paper is to highlight the features of accounting for foreign economic activity, taking into account the latest changes and the impact on currency supervision and financial monitoring. Results. Subjects of foreign economic activity must also comply with the rules of currency exchange, import and export licensing, as well as customs procedures. Starting from 2019, currency supervision replaced currency control, a risk-oriented approach was introduced. Correct accounting is affected by the control of settlement deadlines, i.e. the time between the customs declaration and the payment. The experience of regulating foreign economic activity in Ukraine was the mandatory sale of proceeds by exporters under foreign economic contracts, which was canceled in 2019 by the NBU Resolution of February 6, 2019, №. 3. During the martial law, it was not restored. Funds, before entering the current account, may first be credited to a distribution account in the bank, which is in transit, and the operations of crediting to the distribution account and transferring to the current account may take place both during the same day and on different days. Based on the set of criteria for risky operations of foreign economic activity and taking into account internal documents, the bank can make a decision to break up the operation and violate the deadlines even if formal criteria are observed in export-import operations. Conclusion. Under the conditions of extraordinary events, there is a need to establish new currency regulation and control measures. Currency supervision is based on a risk-oriented approach and certain indicators of violations of currency legislation should be taken into account when implementing internal control measures.

FINANCIAL POLICY OF UKRAINE IN THE DEVELOPING ITS FOREIGN TRADE RELATIONS

At the present stage of development of the market economy in Ukraine, the priority is the steady inclusion of the domestic economy in the system of international division of labor and global integration processes. One of the stages of our country's integration into the world is the intensification of Ukraine's trade relations with the countries of the European Union. Therefore, Ukraine's financial policy should be aimed at shaping integration priorities. The basis of financial policy are strategic directions, which determine the long-term and medium-term prospects for the use of finance and provide for solving the main tasks of society. At the same time, the state takes a number of measures aimed at using financial relations in terms of solving tactical tasks, namely - to mobilize and effectively use financial resources, regulate foreign trade processes, stimulate the development of STP, certain sectors of the economy, certain territories. Therefore, we can state the fact that Ukraine has chosen integration into the European Union as a priority of its integration into world structures. After all, the focus on the European Union it's a significant capital markets, new technologies, higher standards of production, and environmental protection. Ukraine's integration with the EU is also important as a reform-stimulating factor for its economy, legal framework, and the main means of avoiding the threat of being outside the common European home. Thus, in the article are analysed the basic strategic direction of financial policy, which focused on the intensification of foreign trade cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union. Are assessed the obstacles that negatively affect at the further development of the foreign trade sector of Ukraine's economy . The main causes of the investment crisis in the country as a factor in reducing integration processes are highlighted. The model of formation of the optimum system of financing of foreign trade operations is offered. Recommendations for the formation of an optimal system of regulation of foreign economic activity in Ukraine are formulated. Are offered the main directions of financial policy improvement in the conditions of European integration development of the country.

IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES ON THE BASIS OF MARKET RESEARCH

The article is aimed at studying the status and trends in the development of foreign economic activity in Ukraine and in the world, and the impact of marketing research on their effi­ciency. The purpose of the study is to analyze the improvement of the efficiency of foreign economic activity of enterprises on the basis of marketing research using economic and statistical methods, to identify problems and prospects for development, and to develop ways for effective foreign eco­nomic activity in conducting marketing research. The article provides data on the volume of the marketing data market worldwide as of 2017-2021, the results of a survey of European companies on the benefits received after investing in sustainable marketing strategies as of July 2022. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set and solved: identifying the characteristic fea­tures of the organization's activities, familiarizing with the principles of accounting and financial reporting, analyzing the marketing and foreign economic activities of organizations. The importance of the development of foreign economic activity and market relations due to increased responsibility and independence of industries and individual entities in the preparation and adoption of management decisions is determined. The relevance of studying the theoretical aspects of improving the efficiency of foreign economic activity of enterprises based on the impact of marketing research on the functioning of these pro­cesses is substantiated. The impact of investing in sustainable marketing strategies on the company's development is characterized. The main obstacles to entering a new market are indicated. The results are summa­rized and ways to improve the functioning of foreign economic activity in Ukraine in the course of marketing research in the company are proposed, through the implementation of certain measures. It is determined that the main areas for further research should be: identifying the most attrac­tive marketing strategies in international markets, how artificial intelligence can become a driving mechanism in the company's marketing, studying pricing strategies and developing financial mar­keting mechanisms in accordance with this data, the impact of e-commerce in international opera­tions and the proper management of these strategies.

EFFICIENCY OF THE CUSTOMS TAXATION SYSTEM AS A KEY COMPONENT OF UKRAINE'S FINANCIAL STABILITY IN THE CONTEXT OF WAR

The development of the customs taxation system in the course of the Russia's military aggression against Ukraine has acquired strategically important aspects since the first days of the declaration of martial law in Ukraine. The article is devoted to the current issues of customs taxation as the main direction of the multi-vector strategy of the state's foreign economic activity management. In times of war, the process of taxation becomes particularly relevant, which necessitates studying the issues, in particular, aspects of customs taxation under martial law on the territory of Ukraine. The subject of the study is the theoretical and methodological foundations and methods of implementation of the customs taxation system in Ukraine. The authors focus on the peculiarities of customs procedures in times of war and analyse the results of the State Customs Service of Ukraine in 2022. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical provisions of the customs taxation system in Ukraine under martial law, to analyse the activities of the State Customs Service of Ukraine in 2022 and to propose ways of its improvement. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the following issues are considered and solved: an analysis of the activities of the State Customs Service of Ukraine is carried out, on the basis of which the system of customs payments for 2022 is characterised and ways of its improvement in the martial law are suggested. The study was conducted using the methods of comparison, abstraction, analysis and generalisation, as well as the method of structural research. As a result of the work carried out, the essence of the customs taxation system in ensuring the foreign economic activity of Ukraine, the constituent elements provided by the current legislation to be implemented by the customs authorities when goods cross the customs border of Ukraine were determined. Conclusions. Despite the steps already taken, the problem of customs taxation during wartime is still relevant. Reforming the practice of the entire taxation system and streamlining the implementation of customs procedures are the main tasks for Ukraine under martial law. Given the importance of foreign economic activity for Ukraine as a global market participant, it is advisable to mobilise all available potential and use it not only to overcome current problems, but also as a basis for post-war recovery. The simplification of customs procedures in the import process will greatly optimise the satisfaction of the needs of the entire country. This contribution was supported by the research work of the Department of Accounting and Taxation of the "Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic" National University, No. 0115U004682 "Transformation of Accounting, Analysis and Audit Methods in the Context of Integration Processes in Ukraine".

State regulation of trade activity in Ukraine in the contex of modern global challenges

The article analyzes the current state of legal regulation of trade activities in Ukraine and its impact on current global challenges. The topic’s relevance is due to the growing importance of the role of both domestic and international trade and the need to create effective mechanisms of state regulation to ensure the country’s economic development and its integration into the world market.
 The study aims to analyze the changes in state regulation of trade in Ukraine caused by global challenges, particularly the war in Ukraine.
 To achieve this goal, the research methods used were analyzing regulatory acts and scientific works by scientists, as well as studying statistical data, expert opinions, and reports.
 The study results show that Ukraine has made significant progress in implementing state regulation mechanisms, such as tariffs, licenses, quotas, currency controls, trade agreements, and subsidies. Ukraine has undergone significant changes in its foreign trade policy, especially regarding the direction and position of the EU and the refusal to cooperate with Russia and Belarus. Before the outbreak of the full-scale war, most of Ukraine’s trade was carried out by the sea. However, since March, there has been a shift in trade activity toward land transportation. Moreover, the EU has become both a transit and consumer market for Ukraine, which has implications for the structure and volume of the country’s trade.
 The article reveals and systematizes the news of the legislative framework related to tariff regulation, licensing, and quotas for trade activities. The practical significance of this study lies in the possibility of its use for enterprises engaged in foreign economic activity in Ukraine under martial law.

STATE GOVERNANCE FOR UKRAINE’S GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: TRADE ASPECT

The quality of a country’s governance and public administration is a key factor in its economic performance and the well-being of its citizens. The objective of the paper is two-fold: first, to substantiate the importance of the good and strong state governance for efficient functioning of the national economy; second, to analyze the basic indicators of Ukraine’s economy and its foreign trade, as well as to come up with the possible solutions to the identified problems. Methodology. Careful reading and examination of the conclusions made in theoretical and empirical works on state governance and government regulation by the Ukrainian and foreign scholars served the basis of the research at the initial stage. The data, taken from the official site of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, served as the information source for using various methods, e.g.: mathematical, statistical, etc., which resulted in the analysis of the trends of the basic indicators of the economy of Ukraine and its foreign trade: GDP and gross external debt, exports/imports/turnover of goods/services and goods and services taken together; dynamics of the balance of trade in goods/services, as well as goods and services taken together; exports to imports ratio (goods and services). Results. The share of exports of goods in all exports of goods and services of Ukraine has been increasing and in 2021 it reached 84%. The results show that: first, the trend of the volume of exports of goods for the period of 2016-2021 is y=5.11x+31.177 while that of services for the same period is y=0.5986x+9.9367; second, the balance of trade in goods has been negative since 2005 (except 2015), and continues to be negative throughout the analyzed period; third, the share of the goods with high-added value in exports has been declining. The in-depth analysis allows to conclude that in the conditions of the growing gross external debt of Ukraine (e.g., for the period of 2006 –2021 the trend is y=2811.1x+90308 while that of GDP for the same period is y=823.65x+135155) it is essential: firstly, to follow the trade strategy of the EU which focuses on exports of services as compared to goods; secondly, to improve the commodity composition of exports so that the goods are value-competitive as opposed to price-competitive. Practical implications. It’s substantiated that the trade policy is to be formulated and implemented so that foreign economic activity of Ukraine is more services-oriented and science-and-technology based. Value/originality. The country is to occupy a more decent place in the world division of labor and is to be reintegrated into the world economy in the interests of the Ukrainian people.

Methodology of assessing the readiness of the enterprise to export activities

Introduction. Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine has a significant impact on the foreign economic activity of Ukrainian enterprises. An overview of the situation inside the Ukrainian market and the presented statistical information about changes in the export sector provide a clearer picture of the situation today, namely how the war affected the volume of exports and changed the leaders among the importing countries of Ukrainian products. Comparison of the export market before and after the start of the full-scale invasion, changes in the structure of supplies of Ukrainian products abroad. The sectoral analysis of Ukraine's export reduction is presented. In order to determine the readiness and possibility of expanding the company's activities to the export market, criteria are proposed with a detailed description of issues for evaluating and analyzing its goods or services. The purpose of the article is to highlight the state of foreign economic activity in Ukraine and the impact of the full-scale Russian invasion on export activity. Also, the purpose of the article is to determine the criteria that will help the company assess its readiness to enter foreign markets. The method (methodology) of research includes a number of general scientific research methods, namely: the method of theoretical generalization, the abstract-logical method, and the method of grouping. The results. The described criteria are considered through the lens of martial law, which is quite relevant today. Every enterprise in Ukraine has suffered losses, one of the most effective ways to compensate material losses is to enter new markets. Namely, the conquest of foreign consumers. Thanks to the listed criteria, the company can become competitive with the least amount of time and minimal material costs.

Енергоефективність економіки України за видами економічної діяльності

The article is concerned with assessing and analyzing the energy efficiency of the Ukrainian economy by types of economic activity. The study analyzes the place of Ukraine among other countries according to international rankings (indices): the Energy Transition Index, the Trilemma Index of the World Energy Council (WEC), the International Energy Security Risk Index. It is found that Ukraine’s positions in international rankings determine a number of interrelated problems of energy, economic and environmental development of the country, among which one of the major ones is the high energy intensity of GDP. The dynamics of energy intensity of GDP in some countries of the world and in Ukraine is analyzed. A matrix for estimating the energy efficiency of economies of countries (groups of countries) according to the criteria of direction and intensity of changes and the level of energy intensity of GDP is proposed. It is examined what structural changes occurred in the energy sector and economy of Ukraine by the type of continuity of the production process and the level of energy intensity in the final consumption of fuel and energy resources (FER) and production output. The specific weight of characteristics of groups of foreign economic activity of Ukraine in the final consumption of FER and production output is analyzed. The related indices are computed and directions of structural shifts in foreign economic activity in final consumption of FER and production output are determined. A general characterization of consistency of structural shifts in final consumption of FER and production output due to foreign economic activity and their groups in Ukraine is formed. The carried out study allowed to determine that the high energy intensity of Ukraine’s GDP is a consequence of the peculiarities of the structure of the national economy, shifted towards more energy-intensive industries and technological lag of most sectors of the economy from the level of developed countries. It is determined that, in general, in the structure of the economy of Ukraine there were coordinated minor changes in the final consumption of FER and production output. However, in parts of the group of foreign economic activity related to industries with a continuous type of production process with high and medium energy intensity, there were significant uncoordinated negative structural changes both in the final consumption of FER and in production output. Some increase in energy efficiency of the national economy was caused by a reduction in production volumes in highly energy-intensive industries with a continuous production cycle. Thus, despite the high rate of decline in the energy intensity of GDP in Ukraine, its energy intensity remains one of the highest in the world (exceeding the world average by 2.1 times), which determines the unsatisfactory energy efficiency of the economy.

The role of the ICT sector in foreign economic activity of Ukraine

The role of the ICT sector in foreign economic activity of Ukraine

Public-private partnership in foreign economic activity: main trends in development and recommendations for assessment

Introduction. Public-private partnership (PPP) is considered as the interaction of the state and business structures - subjects of economic activity of Ukraine and foreign subjects of economic activity (also subjects of economic activity of Ukraine with foreign countries), which is one of the conditions for attracting the necessary investment resources, increasing innovative activity in the national economy, development of economic and social infrastructure, solving economic, social and environmental problems, etc. Purpose. Taking into account the trends in the number of PPP projects in foreign economic activity in Ukraine and the world, their financing, areas of implementation, geographical localization, the article should provide a quantitative assessment of data characterizing the state and level of implementation of PPP projects in foreign economic activity, obtained after performing mathematical operations. Method (methodology). The article uses theoretical generalization, analysis, synthesis, statistical methods of data processing, etc. This ensured the analysis of literary sources, the formation of a system of indicators intended for assessing the state of PPPs in foreign economic activity and its practical approval. Results. The article recommends a system of indicators, which includes: the growth rate of the number of PPP projects in foreign economic activity, the average base (chain) growth rate of the number of PPP projects in foreign economic activity, the growth rate of the number of PPP projects in foreign economic activity, the average base (chain) rate increase in the number of PPP projects in foreign economic activity, the level of implementation of PPP projects in foreign economic activity, etc. For each of the recommended indicators, the method of calculation is indicated depending on the selected strategy of interaction of PPP subjects in foreign economic activity. With their use, an assessment of PPP in foreign economic activity was carried out based on the study of PPP projects implemented by Davydivska OTG. Based on the results of the assessment, conclusions were drawn regarding the trend in the implementation of PPP projects in the foreign economic activity of Davydivska OTG.

Features of the regulation of foreign economic activity during martial law

Introduction. As a result of the introduction of martial law on the territory of Ukraine, state regulation is complicated by a number of problems, in particular, in the area of ensuring economic stability and development. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new mechanisms for the organization of state regulation of foreign economic activity, which will be adaptive to today's conditions and provide adequate support for international trade relations, in order to facilitate the search for new markets for the sale of domestic products and services. Purpose. Research and analyze the state of state regulation of foreign economic activity in Ukraine. To characterize the implemented changes in the mechanism of regulation of foreign economic activity in the conditions of martial law. To single out the problems of state regulation of foreign economic activity and to outline future prospects for development. Results. Since martial law is a specific legal regime, the use of market instruments of influence on foreign economic activity that existed before the war may not be appropriate. Therefore, the state introduced certain changes in the legislation on the regulation of foreign economic activity. In particular, it is possible to import most goods in a simplified way without making customs payments and without carrying out a customs inspection; quotas and export licensing of agricultural groups of goods were introduced; the deadline for settlement of operations on the export and import of goods has been reduced; it is prohibited to carry out cross-border transfer of currency values from Ukraine, etc. Particular attention is paid to the problems that complicate the process of introducing foreign economic activity in the conditions of war and directly affect the economic condition of both the enterprise and the state. Conclusion. During the martial law, changes in the regulation of foreign economic activity should take into account the partial loss of logistics infrastructure, the increase in the level of political risks, the difficulty of choosing partners and establishing cooperation, etc. and help the country in the effective conduction of international trade.

Management of foreign economic activities of business subjects

The article summarizes the essence and content of the enterprise's foreign economic activity. The main advantages and disadvantages of managing foreign economic activity by business subjects of economic relations in modern international market development are determined. Methodical approaches and methods of managing the foreign economic activity of companies are systematized. The economic analysis of the current development state of foreign economic activity in Ukraine, the dynamics of the scale of export-import operations, the geographical and commodity structure of foreign trade operations of business entities of the national economy are conducted. It was determined that the most active participants in foreign economic activity in Ukraine are business entities operating in the sphere of industry and the agricultural sector. In terms of territory, management of foreign economic activity is focused on the countries of the European Union, China, and Turkey. The main trends of world trade in the context of strategic cooperation with EU countries have been studied. Poland is the main trading partner of Ukrainian companies conducting foreign trade operations. The key objects of management of foreign economic activity in terms of corporate management have been determined. It was found out that the management of foreign economic activity under modern conditions faces a large number of challenges and threats, the main of which are: foreign culture and national traditions, currency relations, macroeconomic instability of the world market, difficulties in geopolitical international relations, the difficulty of forming an international team of personnel in the companies. The system of specific international indicators, which testify to the state of development and the level of attractiveness of the country's economy for the implementation of foreign economic activities, has been studied. Problematic aspects of the management of foreign economic activity in Ukraine from the standpoint of ratings by world agencies have been identified. The key areas of state regulation and management of foreign economic activity at the level of business entities are substantiated, taking into account the principles of the global concept of sustainable development. Keywords: foreign economic activity, management, management of foreign economic activity, business entities, export-import operations, international market, efficiency.

Regulatory policy of the foreign economic activity of the state

The subject of the article was the analysis of the state regulatory policy in the field of securing foreign economic activity and the development of relevant directions for its adaptation in the conditions of martial law. In the study, the regulatory and legal support for the implementation of foreign economic activity in Ukraine was formed. Peculiarities of implementation of international trade activities in the conditions of martial law are determined. The losses of Ukraine's industrial potential during military operations are analyzed. The rates of decline of export and import operations during the period of martial law are estimated. Regulatory activity of the authorities with respect to stabilization of foreign economic activity and directions with respect to support of business entities have been studied. The conclusions highlight areas related to the support and activation of economic activity, which are aimed at creating the necessary conditions for the formation of a positive climate of innovation and investment, efficient and safe logistic flows, and a regulatory and legal field that is adapted to the standards of European countries.

Features of foreign economic activity in the modern global environment

Formulation of the problem. Intensification of foreign economic activity is a very important condition for the economic development of each country in the modern global environment. Currently, Ukraine’s foreign economic activity has negative dynamics associated with full-scale Russian aggression. The most important task is to find ways to eliminate emerging political and economic problems; therefore, studying the peculiarities of Ukraine’s foreign economic activity in the modern global environment is quite a relevant scientific and practical task. Analysis of recent research and publications. Today, there are a sufficient number of studies on the development of Ukraine’s foreign economic activity in modern conditions that characterize the global environment. However, the challenges faced by the state in connection with the war started by Russia make it necessary to reconsider approaches to the study of foreign economic activity. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. Identifying the peculiarities of Ukraine’s foreign economic activity in the modern global environment under the conditions of the Russian invasion. Method or methodology of research. General scientific (analysis and synthesis, system analysis, comparison) and specific research methods (sociological, morphological, graphic). Presentation of the main material (results of work). The article emphasizes the importance of foreign economic activity for the development of the country in the modern global environment. Current conditions regarding the implementation of foreign economic activity of Ukraine as one of the world’s leading exporters of agricultural products are studied. The main trends of Ukraine’s foreign trade against the background of a full-scale war with Russia are analyzed. The main areas of regulation of foreign economic activity in Ukraine in the conditions of war are determined. Field of application of results. Scientific studies of globalization and foreign economic activity, the educational process (in the preparation of the relevant sections of textbooks and tutorials for courses "International Economy", "Foreign Economic Activity"). Conclusions according to the article. Ukraine is one of the world’s leading exporters of agricultural products and the food security of many countries of the world depends on Ukrainian exports. The results of military operations on the territory of Ukraine greatly affected its foreign economic activity, and this is most evident in the deterioration of foreign trade indicators. The structure of exports is dominated by products with low added value, and the difficulty of exporting them through seaports during the war caused a drop in export earnings. However, in connection with simplifying the access to the EU market, new prospects for the intensification of foreign economic activity are opening up for domestic enterprises.

СТАН ТА ПРЕСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

The article reveals the state and prospects of foreign economic activity. The dynamics of the main foreign economic indicators after the start of hostilities is analyzed, in particular, such complex political and economic conditions are taken into account as: large number of dead, wounded, destroyed thousands of housing and infrastructure, humanitarian catastrophe. The volumes of exports and imports in the pre-war period and in the period of hostilities are analyzed. Changes in the legislation of foreign economic activity of Ukraine are investigated. Considering exports and imports, they have a fairly high percentage of decline. Due to the blocking of ports and damaged highways, the largest percentage of exports suffered in the field of agriculture. It is noted that the reduction in imports was primarily due to the destruction and elimination of highways, logistics chains and reduced demand due to the large number of migrations of people to Western Ukraine and abroad.According to the changes in the current legislation, "critical imports" apply to imports during the period of hostilities, in other words, only some goods can be bought and thus foreign currency can be sent abroad

The evolution and essence of foreign economic activity as a base of socio-economic development of the Power

Introduction. The article is devoted to foreign economic activity research, namely: the definition and interpretation of the concept of «foreign economic activity» and a study of historical aspects of its development. The importance of the study is enhanced by the emergence of discussions about the definition of this concept.The aim. The purpose of the article is to explore the concept of «foreign economic activity» the study and improvement of the main historical stages of its development.Methods of the research. The following research methods are used in the article. General scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, systematic analysis that provide an opportunity for improvement and clarifying the content of the foreign economic activity. The historical method provides an opportunity to study the main stages of occurrence of foreign economic activity in chronological order.Results. The level of development of any power in the modern world directly depends on its foreign economic activity. It is shown that for the entire period of formation of the Ukrainian state (from the times of Kievan Rus to the present), the foreign economic activity has passed a difficult way of development. The evolution from the trade relations form to international activity took place during this way with the distinct list of object and business entities. It is improved and supplemented the historical stages of the emergence of foreign economic activity in Ukraine. The concept of «foreign economic activity» is described and justified.Prospects. The study results made it possible to gradually reproduce the development of foreign economic activity in a historical sequence. However, the concept of «foreign economic activity» needs further research and clarification, as there are significant differences in its definition by the scientific community and existing Ukrainian legislation.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ВІДНОСИН УКРАЇНИ

The article is devoted to consideration of modern directions, features of the transformation of international economic relations of Ukraine (IERU), the content of which is defined as the process of restructuring, implementation of structural changes, introduction of innovative forms, methods, tools of functioning of the world economic relations of our state. The main prerequisites for the transformation of the IERU have been studied: a) globalization of the world economy; b) challenges of scientific and technical progress; c) the consequences of the war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. In the theoretical aspect, the approach to the content of the dialectical interaction of the IERU and the foreign economic activity of Ukraine (FEAU), which, respectively, are considered as the essence and form of a single integral phenomenon - the system of international economic relations of our state. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the transformation of the following components of the IERU: a) foreign trade relations; b) problems of emigration of labor resources; c) adaptation to the conditions of the world labor market. Modern features of the transformation of foreign trade are noted, in the process of which the existing parameters of export-import operations, regional displacement of foreign trade volumes are taken into account. The directions of the transformation of IERU related to the domestic demographic situation are highlighted. They are characterized by a reduction in the active component of labor resources; employed in the field of foreign trade; termination of entrepreneurial activity by a part of the private sector, oriented towards international business; reduction of currency transfers from workers abroad; expenses related to the social security of immigrants in Ukraine and abroad. The effect of international economic sanctions against the Russian Federation is considered as a factor in the transformation of the IER. As promising directions of research into the transformation of IERU, it is proposed to consider: a) features of the accelerated development of external relations in the field of information and communication services; b) specifics of implementation of digital technologies in enterprises of the export sector; c) use of innovative forms of international cooperation in the global digital space.

Efektyvnist administratyvno-pravovoho rehuliuvannia zovnishnoekonomichnoi diialnosti Ukrainy v suchasnykh umovakh

Foreign economic activity is one of the components of the overall activities of each country. In the national legislation, the country highlights its special aspects and directions. Introduction of legal regulation of all types of foreign economic activity in Ukraine, including foreign trade, economic, scientific and technical cooperation, specialization and cooperation in the sphere of the production, science and technology, economic relations in the field of construction, transport, freight forwarding, insurance, settlement, credit and other banking operations, the provision of various services, took place through the adoption in 1991 of the Law «On Foreign Economic Activity». The article deals with the problem of increasing the influence of administrative bodies on state structures and methods of exercising state power. Administrative law determines the competence of state executive bodies, and also contains acts of public administration that have an impact on individuals. Emphasis is placed on the fact that Ukraine is in an active phase of transformation, when the legal framework is changing, new rules of operation are being established, and new international relations are being created. The Government’s position is to establish constructive cooperation with business, intensify investment policy, reform the mode of legal regulation of commodity property relations in Ukraine in connection with WTO accession and the near future of negotiations on a «deep» free trade zone between Ukraine and the EU. The role of legal levers in the context of economic reforms in Ukraine cannot be overestimated. But in fact, administrative and legal regulation requires reforming its model in the foreign economic sphere, in particular, a significant change in the ratio of public and private law interests. An important factor in this reform is the external factor, i.e. the already existing legal regulation of market relations, which operates successfully in economically developed countries. So, Ukraine has an alternative — either to borrow international experience or to go its own way of trial and error. The author analyzes the possibilities, features and limits of administrative influence in the sphere of the public administration of the foreign economic activity. The direct borrowing of European scientific experience without taking into account national specifics was critically assessed, and it was emphasized that a new ideology, new approaches in methods and means of adapting national legislation to EU legislation are needed to improve the efficiency of administrative and legal regulation. The facts when administrative acts arise outside the exercise of formal powers of the administrative bodies are investigated. Some administrative procedures that significantly affect the implementation of the foreign economic activity and the ability to protect Ukrainian industry from cheap and massive imports of goods are considered. Specific proposals have been made to differentiate foreign economic relations, which tend to the sphere of public law and are the environment of administrative influence of the state, which is a party to these relations and foreign economic relations between the subjects of private law.

Analytical Assessment and Forecasting of the Volume and Structure of Foreign Economic Activity in Ukraine

At present, the problems of increasing the efficiency of foreign economic activity of enterprises are gaining special relevance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the analytical assessment and development of forecasts of the volume and structure of foreign economic activity in Ukraine using economic and mathematical tools. The article established that forecasting as an effective tool for planning the foreign economic activities of enterprises allows for making informed management decisions when forming export strategies, identifying reserves for increasing the efficiency of the organization of international logistics activities, and optimizing the structure of export-import operations. This will contribute to the reduction of costs for foreign economic logistics activities and losses due to the optimization of flows and improvement of information support for their movement; increase in the quality of logistics service and the level of customer service, profitability from the sale of products and the level of competitiveness of enterprises on international sales markets. Keywords foreign economic activity, foreign trade, international logistics, customs logistics, customs policy, export policy, customs regime, transit regime, export, import, international economic partnership, cooperation, globalization, European integration.

PUBLIC DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT REGIONAL FEATURES

The aim of the article is to analyze the directions of public management of foreign economic activity in Ukraine and to determine the regional features of the organization of foreign economic activity. The research methodology included the use of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, specification, classification) and special (system-structural research, economic analysis). The scientific novelty of the obtained results is to establish the need for public management of foreign economic activity in the context of regional features as an important aspect of foreign economic policy of the region. Conclusions. The article clarifies that it is expedient to consider public administration as an organizing and regulating influence of the state on the social life of people in order to organize, preserve or transform it, based on the power that limits effective social control. It is established that the foreign economic relations of any country should be regulated by the state and regulated by the public. It is determined that some regions have certain features of development and specialization, and therefore have different export potential, and the state of foreign economic activity of the region depends on its implementation. The main goals of regional foreign economic activity are: support and development of existing forms and directions of foreign economic policy; development of new forms of foreign economic activity; formation and development of foreign economic infrastructure; attracting both national and foreign investments; development of export potential of regions; increasing the competitiveness of regions as a necessary prerequisite for their international integration. Keywords: export, imports, public administration, foreign economic activity, foreign economic policy, region.