Opening Of Foramen Research Articles

The relationship of the apical foramen to the anatomic apex of the tooth root

Eight hundred and seventy-seven teeth were examined to determine the frequency, direction, and distance of deviation of the major formen from the anatomic root apex. The frequency of deviation averaged 92.4 per cent, depending on the class of tooth examined. The predominating direction of deviation was dependent on the class of tooth examined. The average distance between the anatomic apex and the major foramen opening in those teeth presenting a deviation averaged approximately 0.59 mm.