Foot Arch Research Articles

Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Characteristics and Safety Performance for Pre-Cracked Tunnel Lining with the Extended Finite Element Method

The service performance of tunnel lining is affected by crack properties and development states. In this paper, numerical simulation models were established to investigate the mechanics characteristics and safety performance for lining structures under different cracks based on the extended finite element method (XFEM). Analyze multiple quantitative factors in simulation, including changes in crack location, crack length, and crack distribution range in the lining structure. The axial force and bending moment of the preset cracks in the lining structures were first studied. The maximum safety factor attenuation rate (Dkmax) was proposed to analyze the impact of longitudinal and annular cracks on the safety performance. The axial force at the vault of the lining arch is the most significantly affected by the combined longitudinal cracks at multiple locations. When the length of a longitudinal crack increases from 1 m to 6 m, the axial force value at the crack point decreases by 33.77%, 36.15%, and 11.32%. However, the bending moment value increases by 4.47 times, 2.50 times, and 1.69 times. Under the influence of longitudinal cracks in an “arch crown + arch shoulder”, “arch crown + arch waist”, and “arch crown + arch shoulder + arch waist”, the axial force in the arch vault increased by 21.55%, decreased by 17.52%, and decreased by 13.45%. The distribution pattern of the bending moment under the influence of circumferential cracks shows convexity at the arch shoulder and arch foot, and concavity at the arch waist and side walls. The safety factor scatter curve with longitudinal cracks shows a gradual transition from a “W” shape to a “U” shape. The safety factor curve with circumferential cracks presents an approximately symmetrical wave-shaped distribution.

Superficial venous arterialization with the great saphenous vein in situ: a single-center experience.

Arterialization of the dorsal venous arch of the foot is a technique indicated in cases of critical lower limb ischemia that do not have a distal bed that is adequate to enable conventional treatment such as revascularization, angioplasty, or clinical treatment. The purpose of this study is to present the result of arterialization of the venous arch of the foot in 16 patients who underwent treatment with this technique. This is a cross-sectional retrospective descriptive analytical study based on a review of the medical records of 16 patients who underwent arterialization of the dorsal venous arch of the foot for limb salvage from January 2016 to January 2021. Four (25%) of the 16 patients who underwent arterialization of the venous arch of the foot underwent a major amputation during the same hospital stay and one patient (6.25%) had a major amputation within 6 months. The other 11 patients (68.75%) had their limbs preserved, with 10 undergoing minor amputations (toes and forefoot) and one patient having no additional procedures. We conclude that the technique of arterialization of the dorsal venous arch of the foot should be considered in selected cases. It is a valid alternative for limb salvage when conventional treatment is impossible.

The Impact of Pes Planus on Knee Function and Its Association with Medial Compartment Knee Osteoarthritis.

Pes planus, commonly known as flat foot, is characterized by the lowering of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot, leading to alterations in lower limb biomechanics and potential pain and injury. This condition can affect the mechanical alignment and dynamic function of the lower limb, potentially contributing to the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study aims to investigate the association between pes planus and medial compartment knee OA as well as its impact on the knee functional score. This cross-sectional study included 165 patients aged 20-72 years. Inclusion criteria were individuals with unilateral or bilateral flat feet, while exclusion criteria were other foot conditions, history of knee or ankle surgeries, rheumatoid arthritis, and limb length discrepancies. Clinical assessments included knee joint tenderness, foot arch measurement using the foot arch index, and radiographic evaluations of Meary's angle and tibiofemoral (TF) angle. The knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) was used to assess knee function. The study population had a mean age of 43.98 ± 13.17 years. Meary's angle ranged from 5 to 19° (mean 9.46), and the foot arch index ranged from 0.220 to 0.520 (mean 0.33). The TF angle ranged from 1.7 to 7.5° (mean 4.98). KOOS scores varied from 10 to 100 (mean 62.40). Patients with more severe flat feet (higher Meary's angle and foot arch index) had significantly lower KOOS scores, indicating worse knee function and greater pain. The correlations between foot arch index, Meary's angle, and KOOS scores were statistically significant (P = 0.001). This study demonstrates a strong association between flat foot severity and knee OA. Increased Meary's angle and foot arch index were correlated with worsened knee function and increased pain, as measured by KOOS scores. These findings highlight the importance of assessing foot posture in patients with medial compartment OA and suggest that early intervention and orthotic management could be beneficial in mitigating the progression and severity of knee OA in patients with pes planus.

БОЛЕВОЙ СИНДРОМ ПРИ ПЛАНТАРНОМ ФАСЦИИТЕ, РЕАКТИВНОМ СИНОВИТЕ СУСТАВОВ СТОПЫ, ГОЛЕНОСТОПНОГО СУСТАВА И ЛИМФОСТАЗЕ В ОБЛАСТИ НИЖНЕЙ КОНЕЧНОСТИ

An analysis of management tactics in the presence of pain in a patient with plantar fasciitis, reactive synovitis of the joints of the foot, ankle and lymphostasis in the lower limb is provided. Against the background of the therapy, a clear positive dynamics was noted — restoration of the function of the longitudinal arch of the foot, a more even distribution of the load between the right and left foot.

Assessment of foot arch shape and health status of adult population from Eastern Slovakia.

The purpose of this study was to determine the foot arch shape and the associated health status in a selected sample of individuals belonging to the adult majority population of eastern Slovakia and to evaluate which of the observed factors are involved in the occurrence and development of foot arch abnormalities. The weight and height of probands were measured according to standard anthropometric methods using a personal scale and an anthropometer. The BMI index was calculated for each proband from the measured data. A Pod4Foot Classic podoscope was used to obtain the plantograms. The Chippaux-Smirak index method was used to evaluate the plantograms. The study includes a questionnaire containing questions about factors affecting the foot arch shape. The arch of the right foot was supported by the effect of wearing shoes at home (p = 0.013). There was an association between wearing high-heeled shoes and foot arch disorder, both on the right (p = 0.011) and left (p = 0.045) foot. There was no significant relationship between the prevalence of overweight or obesity, between wearing orthopaedic insoles in shoes without a prescription, wearing orthopaedic footwear at home, between sport or static and active work and foot arch disorder in our study. Most of the probands had a bilaterally normal arched foot, which is a positive result. Nowadays, there are a large number of orthopaedic devices on the market that help to shape the arch of the foot properly, but it is not correct to use these devices arbitrarily, without a doctor's prescription and a diagnosis of foot arch deviation.

Analysis on the laying method and thermal insulation effect of tunnel insulation layer in high-altitude cold regions

To mitigate freeze-thaw damage in tunnels located in high-altitude cold regions, insulation layers are implemented to prevent the freezing of surrounding rocks. Currently, the selection of laying methods lacks a solid scientific basis, with the merits and demerits of various techniques remaining insufficiently evaluated. This study seeks to establish a scientifically grounded equilibrium between the anti-freezing efficacy and the construction impact of tunnel insulation in cold regions through the optimization of insulation design via numerical calculations. First, the advantages and disadvantages of the four insulation layer laying methods were summarized. Then, a multilayer media heat transfer model that accounts for the latent heat of phase change was developed, grounded in solid heat transfer and porous media heat transfer theories, and corroborated by typical case studies. Finally, taking Duolong tunnel as a case study, the insulation effect of various laying methods at different positions of the tunnel was analyzed based on the finite element method. The results show that the unfavorable position of the four laying methods is at the inverted arch of the tunnel, and the unfavorable time point occurs when the temperature rises from below 0℃ to above 0℃. Among the four laying methods, off-wall laying exhibits the superior insulation performance at tunnel vault, while sandwich laying has best insulation effect at the arch foot and inverted arch. The research results can provide reference and basis for the thermal insulation and anti-freezing design of tunnels in high-altitude cold regions.

Occurrence of adult acquired flat foot among diabetic patients in Rawalpindi and Islamabad: a cross-sectional descriptive study

Human foot is a biological masterpiece, which is strong enough to support the body weight and flexible enough to adjust to various surfaces. Foot postural deviation can alter the alignment of the entire body. The collapse of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot causes one of the most prevalent deformities i.e. flat foot. Diabetic patients are more prone to have flat foot due to degeneration of posterior tibial tendon over the course of their disease. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of adult acquired flat foot and assess the disability of flat foot among diabetic population in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 384 diabetic patients aged 35-60 year were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was employed. The data was gathered by performing navicular drop test to determine the presence of flat foot, assessment of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction through single heel rise test and by using foot function index questionnaire to assess pain, disability and activity limitation. Based on results of the study, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction was observed to cause the appearance of low navicular height leading to flat foot in 58.33% of the population. Moreover, there is a moderate tendency of occurrence of flat foot among diabetic population in the absence of other risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, steroids use and previous foot trauma etc. With regard to the functionality measured by foot function index, it was implied that the functional status of the patient was reduced because of the pain, disability and activity restriction in the presence of flat foot.

Study on the propagation and attenuation characteristics of tunnel blasting vibration waves at different blast center distances

Accurately determining the parameters of the dynamic constitutive model is significant to analyzing the dynamic response characteristics of the surrounding rock at the proximal and distal ends of a railroad tunnel blasting. Hence, this paper analyzes the propagation and attenuation of blasting vibration waves in the rock by utilizing the vibration velocity monitoring data of the Xinbin Tunnel at the Liaoning section of the Shenbai High-speed Railway. The data are provided by the drilling and blasting method. Additionally, the IA-BP inverse analysis method was established to invert the parameters of the JH-2 constitutive model of the rock by numerically analyzing the simulated blasting vibration waves using the inversion parameters. The results highlight that the inversion value obtained by the IA-BP algorithm is slightly different from the calculated test value but still highly accurate, demonstrating the rationality of the inverse analysis method. Meanwhile, the numerical simulation results supplement the proximal vibration velocity, which is difficult to monitor in the project. This is because the vibration velocity of the tunnel surrounding the rock has a noticeable directional effect. Specifically, the vibration velocity law varies as the blast center distance increases, where the peak vibration velocity direction at the far end of the blast changes from the Y direction (vertical direction) to the Z direction (blast direction). The linear attenuation formula of the vibration velocity in the three principles of the tunnel arch, arch shoulder, and arch foot is obtained by fitting, which is an adequate prediction of the safety of the subsequent construction.

Stability Analysis of Surrounding Rock in Deep Underground Engineering Under Fluid-solid Interaction

The geological environment of deep rock masses is extreme and complex, characterized by typical deep geological features such as high geostress, high permeation water pressure, and high geotemperature. Geological disasters like water and mud inrush, high-intensity rock bursts, and large-volume collapses occur frequently in engineering construction, presenting more complex mechanisms of disaster than shallower rock masses and severely impacting the construction and operational safety of deep underground projects. Utilizing three-dimensional numerical simulation methods, this study investigated the deformation, stress, and plastic zone characteristics of surrounding rock under multi-field coupling conditions during the construction of deep caverns, revealing the stability influencing factors of deep caverns under multi-field coupling. A funnel-shaped precipitation area forms near the excavation surface of the cavern, gradually expanding as the initial pore water pressure increases. The concentration of seepage vectors in the sidewalls and arch feet continues to increase, with local seepage rates reaching 5.1×10^-6. The cavern's crown and sidewalls are particularly sensitive to changes in pore water pressure, with the maximum tensile stress appearing 1 m and 3 m axially along the sidewalls of the cavern. The plastic zone experiences its greatest increase at a water pressure of 4 MPa.

Face failure of EPB shield tunnels in dry dense sand: a model test and DEM study

This study aims at addressing the face failure of earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunnels in dry dense sand by model tests and discrete element method (DEM) models. The model tests incorporated a miniature EPB shield which could fully reproduce the real tunnel construction of excavation and support. DEM models simulating the model tests were developed to capture the underlying face failure mechanism. Results show that both the limit support pressure obtained at chamber board and tunnel face increase with increasing C/ D ( C is tunnel cover depth, and D is tunnel diameter). The ratio of the former to the latter approximates 0.60 due to the soil retaining of cutter head panel, and it is independent of C/ D. The local face failure initializes around tunnel face and develops directly to the global failure outcropping the ground surface in one phase with C/ D ≤ 1.0, while the local failure develops to the global failure in three phases with C/ D = 2.0 due to the soil arching evolution. The soil arching gets weaker when it propagates upward, and the horizontal stress concentration in the longitudinal direction is stronger than the transverse direction due to the difference of arch foot.

Experimental research and engineering application on bearing capacity of concrete-filled steel tube circular arch

The bearing property and deformation failure law of the CFST circular arch were investigated in order to provide direction for the optimization of the concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) support. The flexural bearing capacity test of the 194 mm × 10 mm CFST was performed initially in this study. It was primarily explored how bearing capacity and deformation of circular arches were affected by the slip of the arch foot and anti-bending strengthening, and the neutral layer migration rule and anti-bending strengthening mechanism of circular arches were examined. The bearing performance of the circular arch under the condition of the concentrated load of the vault and the usual uniform load of the entire span is then simulated in an orthogonal test by numerical simulation in order to extend the experimental investigation. The effect of variables including the steel tube’s outer diameter, thickness, slip of the arch foot, and the ratio of the arch rise to span on the bearing capacity of the circular arch is examined. The study demonstrates that under focused stress on the arch top or full-span normal uniform loading, the arch foot slip is the most important element impacting the CFST support’s bearing capacity. In steel tubes with the same outer diameter and wall thickness, the vector span ratio has a bigger influence than anti-bending strengthening. When the span ratio is the same, the influence of the outer diameter and wall thickness are equal and outweigh the influence of bending strengthening. The circular arch with an outside diameter of 168 mm, a wall thickness of 10 mm, and a rise-span ratio of 0.207 has the best performance characteristics under the influence of concentrated load, and the ultimate failure mechanism is local waist drum deformation failure. Based on the aforementioned study findings, the circular CFST support’s buckling deformation and drum deformation are examined, and a composite support consisting of “anchor net spray + CFST support” is directed for the north three deep track downhill of Yangcheng Coal Mine. Two failure types expose the failure mechanism and provide a technique for optimization. The support had contributed to the circular CFST arc arch’s best bearing performance in the event of waist drum deformation and failure.

“Antero-medial load shift” in unilateral plantar heel pain – A cross-sectional exploratory study

Background and purposePlantar foot pressure provides an insightful data in the ankle and foot complex which may aid in the detection of underlying pathology. Since individuals with unilateral plantar heel pain (PHP) tend to develop compensatory loading strategies, this study aimed to observe the foot loading pattern compared to the asymptomatic side and its relationship with the morphological variations in individuals with unilateral PHP. MethodsIt was a prospective cross-sectional study done on 17 participants with unilateral PHP. The calcaneal inclination and calcaneal first metatarsal angles were measured using lateral weight-bearing radiographs for both symptomatic and asymptomatic feet. Static and dynamic plantar foot pressures for both sides were obtained using a “Portable baropodometry platform 0, 5 m Entry Level footscan®. ResultsOn the symptomatic side, the pressure in the lateral heel was reduced by 65% in static and 67% in dynamic measurements, while in the medial heel, it was reduced by 16 % in static and 47 % in dynamic measurements compared to that of the asymptomatic side. There was a transfer of pressure from the hind foot to the forefoot by 44 % in static and 46 % in dynamic measurements resulting in anterior load shift. It was also observed that the prevalence of PHP was higher in the normal arched foot (59%). ConclusionBased on the observations, compared to the asymptomatic side, patients with unilateral plantar heel pain exhibited an anteromedial load shift (AMLS) in their plantar pressures. PHP was reported higher in the foot with normal morphology. Level of evidenceLevel 4.

The effect of a contralateral foot touch on stability of one-leg stance in young adults: an exploratory study

Purpose Previous studies demonstrated that providing light finger touch to a stationary object leads to reduced body sway. The focus of the current exploratory study was on the investigation of postural sway during one-leg stance when light touch is provided by the contralateral foot. Methods Eleven healthy young adults participated in the study. They stood on the top of the force platform with eyes open and on their dominant leg with no touch and with a touch from the contralateral foot applied to the stance leg. Medial arch, heel, and big toe of the contralateral foot were used to touch the medial malleolus or mid shank of the stance leg. The excursion, velocity, and sway area of the centre of pressure were obtained and analysed. Results Standing with light touch from the contralateral foot to the medial malleolus resulted in significantly smaller postural sway as compared to standing with no touch (p < 0.05). There was no difference in the study outcomes between conditions of standing with a touch applied by the medial arch, heel, or big toe to the stance leg. Conclusions The results of the study suggest that the application of light touch provided by a contralateral foot could be an effective strategy for enhancing body stability when no external support is available. The study outcome provides a foundation for future studies exploring ways to enhance balance control during one-leg stance.

Shaking-Table Tests for Seismic Response of Arch Foot of a Long-Span Arch Bridge on Sand-Gravel Soil Sites Considering SSI Effect

ABSTRACT The seismic performance of arch bridges is dependent on the strength of bridges and the built-on soil site types. To investigate the influence of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic response of an arch-foot arch bridge with a sand-gravel soil site, several shaking-table tests for a 1/90 downscaled arch-foot model placed on sand-gravel soil were conducted based on the engineering prototype of the third Pingnan Bridge with a long-span concrete-filled steel-tube (CFST) arch bridge. The test results showed the following: (1) The seismic acceleration response of both the sand-gravel soil site and arch foot were amplified, which is related to both the non-linear dynamic behavior of sand-gravel soil and frequency-spectrum characteristics of the input seismic waves. (2) The sliding displacement of the arch foot under strong ground motions increased accompanied with a settlement of the soil surface. However, the safety risk of the arch foot may be underestimated in seismic design. (3) The dynamic shear stress-strain loops of sand-gravel soil exhibited a high-energy dissipation capacity, and the energy-transfer mechanism at the interface between the model soil and arch foot was integrated. The results obtained are expected to provide insights into the dynamic interaction behavior of the gravel soil and arch bridge systems and the seismic design of arch bridges built on sand-gravel soil sites in practical engineering.

Early-age shrinkage characteristic of UHPC in strengthening stone masonry arch: Influence of restraint from arch structure

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is frequently employed in strengthening existing bridges, due to its extremely high mechanical qualities and exceptional durability. Nevertheless, the early shrinkage of UHPC layer restrained by the arch structure may result in the risk of cracking, when used for strengthening masonry arch bridges. This paper aimed to investigate the shrinkage and cracking potential of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) at early age under restraint from masonry arch structure. For that, different types of masonry model arches were respectively strengthened by using UHPC and then the shrinkage behaviors of UHPC layer were tested. The effects of four different strengthening modes, i.e., F-hoop (wrapping for four sides), T-hoop (wrapping for three sides), Intrados and Extrados, three different rise-span ratios, i.e., 1/5, 1/4, 1/2 and two different arch ring widths, i.e., 0.42 and 0.15 m, were considered. Results indicate that the shrinkage strain time-varying curve of UHPC layer was not only related to the material characteristics, but also negatively related to the change in external environment temperature. For different strengthening methods, the final shrinkage strain of UHPC layer follows: F-hoop < T-hoop < Intrados < Extrados. The shrinkage strain was unaffected by different strengthening modes along the thickness and arch axis directions. The shrinkage effect of UHPC generates the maximum tensile stress value (1.0–2.0 MPa) at the arch top of the strengthening layer, which was significantly less than the tensile strength of UHPC during the same risk period. The arch foot is the most complex area under stress and should be taken seriously.

A novel tri-semicircle shaped submerged breakwater for mitigating wave loads on coastal bridges part Ⅱ: Application perspective

In Part I of this study, the effectiveness of the new breakwater in terms of the attenuation of wave forces on coastal bridges, was comprehensively substantiated. In the present paper (Part Ⅱ), three key practical aspects concerning the development of the new breakwater are further investigated. Firstly, numerical simulations employing the Volume of Fluid (VOF) methodology are conducted to elucidate wave–breakwater interactions. These simulations are validated through comparisons with existing experimental data, thereby affirming the reliability of the numerical model. Subsequent wavelet analysis reveals a noteworthy phenomenon that the wave energy redistribution across the time–frequency domain significantly contributes towards the reduction of transient impacting forces. Following that, a validated ANSYS finite element model is employed to scrutinize the dynamic responses of the new breakwater under varying wave conditions. The analysis underscores that tensile stress, typically peaking at the arch foot region, dominates in governing the safety of the new breakwater, thus necessitating particular attention in this specific area. Furthermore, for the studied scenarios, the maximum tensile stress remains well below 1.33 MPa, suggesting that commonly used concrete materials such as C40 are more than sufficient for construction purposes. Finally, an adaptive Kriging-based surrogate model is established using machine learning techniques. This prediction model achieves determination coefficients of 98.19% and 98.63% when assessing the horizontal and vertical protective efficacy of the new breakwater, respectively, thus indicating a high degree of confidence in its predictions. Based on the prediction model, it is advisable to deploy the new breakwater in water depths that are less than 1.25 times its height, as such implementation could achieve a reduction of wave loads by 20% or more.

Design of Humanoid Robot Foot to Absorb Ground Reaction Force by Mimicking Longitudinal Arch and Transverse Arch of Human Foot

Design of Humanoid Robot Foot to Absorb Ground Reaction Force by Mimicking Longitudinal Arch and Transverse Arch of Human Foot

Monitoring and evaluation of flat-feet in children of pre-school age and younger school age

Background. The issue of flat-feet in children of pre-school and younger school age has been a frequently discussed issue in recent times. This issue has been addressed in particular with regard to the deteriorating physical fitness and general health of children. The lack of sensory stimuli from the foot causes incorrect development of the arch of the foot, which later becomes apparent in other parts of the support-movement system. Objective. The aim of the study was to monitor the current condition of flat-feet in children. Method. In our study we observed the occurrence of flat-feet in children of pre-school (n:37; age ø: 5,22) and younger school age (n:52; age ø: 7,45). The study enrolled children of pre-school and younger school age between five and nine years of age. We used the examination device Podoscope to examine the condition of the arch of the foot. We used the subjective method Chipaux - Šmířák (CSI) to evaluate the fingerprints. For each child, both feet were always compared. The results were evaluated with descriptive statistics. Results. We found that 70.79% of all children have a normally shaped longitudinal arch on both feet. In the preschool year, the percentage of normal arch on both feet indicates 64.86% of all children. In primary school children, the figure is 73.08%. Among preschool and school age children, there was also a high foot, which was found on both feet in 8 out of 89 children. Flat-foot was found on both feet in 6.74% of the participants. 8.11% of kindergarten children had a flat-foot on both feet. In 5.77% of primary school pupils, a bipedal flat-foot was found. Conclusion. The arch of the foot shapes with age. However, it cannot be said that it always shapes into a physiologically correct shape in every circumstance. In kindergarten children, flat-foot predominates because children attending this facility have not yet had time to fully form the arch. It is necessary to consider which year the children attend. In younger school age pupils, i.e. first to fourth grades, all three types of arch of the foot are present.

Analysis of the influence of side wall opening on the arch structure of metro station using the PBA method

In order to meet the traffic and commercial needs, it is sometimes necessary to open the side wall of the metro station, while the current research on the mechanical properties and safety of the arch caused by the opening of the side wall of the station by pile-beam-arch (PBA) method is rarely involved. In this paper, based on the Tianhe East Station project of Guangzhou Metro Line 11 located in soft-hard uneven stratum using PBA method, the settlement law and mechanical characteristics of the arch under different side wall opening conditions is analyzed, and the influence of opening construction and opening span on the safety of arch is also further studied. The results show that the settlement caused by the opening of the side wall is mainly concentrated in the upper part of the opening area, and gradually expands around the opening area with the increase of opening span, and the maximum settlement occurs in the middle part of the arch. Opening leads to the differential settlement at both ends of the arch. With the increase in opening span, the settlement growth trend of the right side of the arch is greater than that of the left side. The opening of the side wall leads to the increase of the safety factor of the arch body and the decrease of the safety factor of the right arch foot, while the change of the safety factor of the left arch foot is not obvious, and the safety factor meets the specification requirements.

Relationship Between Obesity and Medial Longitudinal Arch Bowing.

There have been reports about the association between obesity and the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) of foot. The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of various parameters related to the MLA according to obesity classification severity by the World Health Organization using weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT). WBCT data of the noninvolved side of patients presenting with unilateral foot and ankle problems or healthy candidates from September 2014 to October 2022 were extracted from a single referral hospital. Forty-four cases in each of 5 obesity classes were selected sequentially. Two orthopaedic surgeons measured foot and ankle offset, forefoot arch angle (FAA), hindfoot moment arm, percentage of uncoverage of the middle facet of the subtalar joint, talonavicular angle (TNA), navicular-medial cuneiform angle, medial cuneiform-first metatarsal angle, talus-first metatarsal angle (TMT1A), first tarsometatarsal subluxation (TMT1S), talonavicular coverage angle, navicular floor distance (NFD), and NFD per height. Positive values indicate plantar collapse. Intra- and interobserver reliabilities were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients. One-way analysis of variance tests were performed for parametric data with equal variances, and Welch's test for unequal variances. Kruskal-Wallis test was performed for nonparametric data. Post hoc analysis was performed for statistically significant parameters. Correlation analysis between body mass index (BMI) and 12 parameters were performed using Pearson test. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were excellent, except for TMT1S. The TNA and TMT1A showed a statistically significant difference. FAA (r = -0.2), TNA (r = 0.182), TMT1A (r = 0.296), and NFD (r = -0.173) showed a statistically significant correlation with BMI. In nonsymptomatic feet, we found that the talonavicular joint, as measured by the TNA, to be influenced by obesity classification. Obesity and increased BMI was associated with a negative influence on the MLA. Level III, retrospective cohort study.