Folk Proverbs Research Articles

THE ROLE OF METAPHOR IN LEZGHIN PROVERBS AND SAYINGS

The article analyzes the functional specificity of the metaphor in folk proverbs and sayings of the Lezghins. On the subject-figurative level, Lezghin paremias are characterized by frequent use of metaphor and metaphorical images. Metaphor, with its meaningfulness, best copes with the artistic features of this genre, which requires laconicism and brevity of presentation.

CÁCH SỬ DỤNG NGÔN NGỮ HÌNH ẢNH CỦA CHỦ TỊCH HỒ CHÍ MINH VÀ NHỮNG GIÁ TRỊ ĐỐI VỚI CÔNG TÁC DẠY HỌC Ở TRƯỜNG PHỔ THÔNG VIỆT NAM HIỆN NAY

Visual language or symbolic language is a way of using words to create images to communicate and express thoughts, feelings, will... Stemming from the situational conditions of the country's reality, the requirements of the Vietnamese revolution, and his ability in terms of culture in general and language in particular, Ho Chi Minh often used visual language in his speeches and articles. Using words full of images or creating images to illustrate and explain difficult and abstract issues; creating images through folk songs, proverbs, idioms or creating images by themselves according to the rules of folk songs, proverbs and idioms; using visual language suitable for audience… are typical methods by Ho Chi Minh. These are valuable experiences for our teaching and propaganda today. When applying it to teaching practice, teachers need to be creative and flexible in their local conditions and circumstances.

Administrative Thought in Kurdish Folk Proverbs

This research aims to understand and find the relationship between administrative thoughts and theory and Kurdish popular traditional proverbs. This is a theoretical and applied research by comparing (32) Kurdish folk or saying examples with some classic (traditional) and modern theories of managerial thought. This includes two different sciences and fields of management and folk literature. The research is divided into three similar sections according to the title of the research, and its first chapter is devoted to administrative thought, schools and administrative theories, the second chapter: is devoted to the concept, specificity and attempts to collect Kurdish proverbs, and the third chapter is devoted to presenting administrative thought in terms of the fundamentals in the folkloric folk proverb in the Kurdish language. The research reached were reflected in the thought of the Kurds' older generations such grandfathers and grandmothers even though it was not applied in reality, because the Kurds, like other people, have an administrative thought that is perfect and mature, especially in the field of specialization, time, planning, leadership and supervision. Finally the study recommended to writers and researchers, one of the most important of which is that this field should be developed and further researched between administrative thought in all its divisions and branches, with all Kurdish proverbs on the one hand, and with all other topics of Kurdish literature such as poetry, prose, novel ... etc. on the other side.

The Symbolic Meanings of Numbers in Folk Proverbs (On the example of Uzbek and German Proverbs)

The article reveals the functional-semantic features of the numbers encountered in the text of folk proverbs. The numbers in the text of the proverbs are analyzed in spiritual groups. The symbolism of numbers in Uzbek and German folk proverbs is compared and conclusions are drawn.

Artistic Features of Krylovʼs Fable “Titmouse”

The article analyzes the fable “Titmouse” – one of the Ivan Krylov’s earliest works. The innovative techniques of the fabulist are dicussed, as well as the connection of the plot, original, not borrowed, with folk proverbs, and the author’s striving for laconicism; the lexical and stylistic features of the fable are considered.

LINGUOSTATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NOMINACENTRIC PROBABIES OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE (THEORETICAL AND LINGUODIDACTICAL ASPECTS)

The article is devoted to the linguostatistic analysis of the nominacentric proverbs of the English language. The analysis was carried out on the basis of a proverb dictionary. Folk proverbs and sayings of the English language in the studied dictionary have great didactic and educational value, since they assert moral norms (hard work, patriotism, love for the homeland, respect for elders, courage, etc.) and condemn human vices (laziness, cowardice, greed, etc.).
 The analyzed proverbial dictionary of the English language (Collection of English proverbs and sayings, 1987) contains about 1015 proverbs and sayings, which are arranged thematically. The materials of the dictionary demonstrate the richness of the figurative means of the language, its history and culture, the rules of the people’s life, which are passed from generation to generation for many centuries. Linguostatistic analysis and description are carried out on the basis of nominacentric proverbs with the basic notion "man". They occupy a large place in the proverbial fund of the English language, both in content and quantity and in the ways of their expression. The method of linguostatistical analysis and the semantic-stylistic method were used in the process of scientific research.

Linguopoetic features of proverbs in the poetry of t. matmuratov

In the article the usage peculiarities of the proverbs used in the works of T. Matmuratov is given. Proverbs used by poet as syntactic devices and modified for a specific purpose, as well as created proverbs by poet based on life experience are told. Proverbs are also used in the spoken language in the literary works, in everyday communication for a specific purpose. Well-known scientist A. Bekbergenov said: “Along with phraseology, folk proverbs are one of the most powerful artistic tools in the language.”

Gender Representation of Women in Lezgin Folk Proverbs and Sayings

The article deals with the question of the abstract understanding of the cultural representation of women in Lezgin folklore. Attention is paid to the ideas concerning gender stereotypes that differ in various ethnic cultures, in connection with which the need to consider the sociocultural aspect for the display of the gender factor in Lezgin proverbs and sayings is revealed. The question is raised about the specific features, according to which the image of a woman, presented in Lezgin paremias, mainly represents negatively connotated gender stereotypes. It is noted that the influence of the “other” class ideology is manifested inconsistently and sometimes selectively because in Lezgin folklore, along with proverbs with a negative image of women, directly opposite texts with a positive image coexisted. In the article, special attention is paid to aphorisms in which a negative image of a woman and features of the manifestation of gender stereotypes in Lezgin culture emerge. The novelty of the study is seen in the fact that this position has practically not been considered before and has not been studied on the basis of the Lezgin paremias. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the study of folk paremias with the identification features of the female image on specific factual material and the establishment of development paths and the reasons for the existence of this thematic group is currently the subject of increased attention among folklorists, linguists, culturologists, etc. The author dwells on the identification of the socio-cultural aspect of the standard and distinctive indicators of the female image. It is demonstrated that in order to display gender stereotypes, one should take into account the national identity of the people and also determine the place and role of women in the structure of family, family relationships and in society.

Proverbs and their morphological system

This article discusses the proverbs as paremic units, their features, differences from related phenomena, the study of Uzbek folk proverbs and morphological system. The environment is a complex object of perception for human beings. A nation's way of life cannot understand the diversity of the surrounding reality throughout its life, adapt to it, and develop acceptable ways of living. So at this time wisdom was used in its own sense, it was considered a parable. Over time, as a result of idiomization, it became a proverb. Therefore, "some parables will be changed into a proverb when time goes"(B.Saatov) [15: 7]. Although both mosquitoes and ants are insects, we can see that there is a positive evaluation of ants and a negative evaluation of mosquitoes.

Karakalpak folk proverbs - the basis of people's wisdom

The article says that the Karakalpak people have a rich spiritual heritage in terms of the content of proverbs, which reflect the unique ideas of philosophical study of the world, which is an advanced example of centuries-old history and wisdom, ideological content and educational significance. Proverbs and sayings, words of wisdom and wisdom, which are examples of folklore, are studied and analyzed. Karakalpak folk proverbs are very rich and diverse in terms of subject matter, such as homeland, labor, language and speech culture, love and affection, as well as negative qualities, which call people to nobility. In the vernacular, proverbs are a cream of thought, scientifically speaking, proverbs are characterized by distinctive features such as the dialectical unity of content and form, often rhyming, sometimes ambiguous, rich in figurative meanings.

ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ РАЗГОВОРНОГО ЯЗЫКА В ТЕКСТЕ ПЕРЕВОДНОГО ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯ КАЮМА НАСЫРИ «АБУГАЛИСИНА КЫССАСЫ»

This study explores how elements of the colloquial language are used in “Abugalisina kyissasy” (‘The Legend of Abugalisina’, ‘Abugalisina’) by Kayum Nasyri, a famous Tatar enlightener and ethnographer. To make it easier for his readers to understand the literary material, K. Nasyri used a number of effective techniques. Firstly, he defined all Arab-Persian words using the Tatar language: individual words, as well as figurative expressions and phrases were explained; he “duplicated” them with set phrases or phraseological units having a similar meaning in the Tatar colloquial language. The loanwords were both translated and followed by a synonym in the Tatar language: the Arab and Persian words are found in the characters’ speech, while the author’s speech provides their translations into the Tatar language. K. Nasyri skillfully inserts Tatar folk proverbs and sayings, figurative comparisons, and artistic metaphors into the text, thereby emphasizing particular places and strengthening the impact of the described events on the reader. All the above-described techniques contribute to the convergence of the language of K. Nasyri’s work with the folk and colloquial form of the Tatar language.

The use of stable compounds in the poetry of mukhammad yusuf

This article discusses the use of stable compounds in the poetry of Mukhammad Yusuf as well as the poet's artistic skills.It has also been studied that the lexical or grammatical modification of proverbs and phrases provided such peculiarities in the poet's poetry as playfulness, charm, expressiveness. Moreover, it has been studied the skillfully use of phrases and proverbs by the poet which have figurative meaning and emotional color. It has also been studied issues such as the strengthening of the stylistic color of some phrases and proverbs, the occurrence of wise sayings “discovered” by the poet under the influence of folk proverbs and sayings.

Some comments on Uzbek folk proverbs

This article analyzes the functional-semantic features of articles, which are one of the beautiful examples of oral creativity of the Uzbek people, as well as the role of transpositive words used in their structure of proverbs. The object of our research is to come up with the structure of proverbs and to analyze vocabulary words that influence its meaning and essence and ensure compactness, expediency and attractiveness. Component and structurally its constituent parts also directly affect the content of proverbs. Especially used in the composition of proverbs, phraseological words on the basis of thriftiness help to express in terms of form a brief and in the content a broad and deep meaning.

Рукопись Д. С. Бембеева-Сальмина «Ойратские триады»

Introduction.Dorje Soktunovich Bembeyev-Salmin is one of the famous representatives of the old Kalmyk intelligentsia, a linguist, orientalist, public and political figure. His scientific works and biographical information are preserved in the private archive of D. S. Bembeev-Salmin in the Scientific Archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (F. 10). This archive contains 12 items of storage for 1959. Among them are translations of works by Russian writers to the Kalmyk language, manuscripts of the text «The Orthography of the Oirat-Mongolian writing», Kalmyk folk proverbs and sayings, triads, pentastichesrecorded by D. S. Bembeev-Salmin. Of particular interest are the triads ― «orchlngingurvnts»(‘that there are three in the world’), recorded by him in 1931, they are one of the varieties of Kalmyk riddles. The themes of the riddles of the triads are diverse: everyday life, house hold activities, material culture, nature, family and kinship relations, ethics. D. S. Bembeyev-Salmin translated some of the three verses himself. This determines the value of the materials collected by him and their introduction into scientific circulation. The full text of the manuscript materials is published for the first time in this article.

Attitude to labor in Russian and Uzbek cultures (on the example of folk proverbs)

The article is devoted to the study of Russian and Uzbek proverbs about labor. As a result of the research, five categories were identified: attitudes toward work, effort, timely work, skill, and patience. The authors of the article identified similar and distinctive features in the proverbs of the studied languages.

Some Values of the First Folklore Work with Scientific Criteria (“Songs and Cries from the Scorched Town”, of Mitrush Kuteli, Pogradec, 1944)

Mitrush Kuteli’s composition consists of many areas of activity. He is not only known as a prose writer with stories and novels, as a researcher (critic), translator, journalist and publicist, an activist for national cause with newspapers and magazines “Bota letrare” (the World of Literature), “Shqiperia e re” (New Albania) etc., as one of the founders of the Writers’ League of Albania, as leader of the Albanian students in Romania, folklorist and poet, but also as a prominent economist. As a folklorist he published “Songs and cries from the scorched town, “Places of exodus in folk songs” (study), “Albanian folk proverbs” (Romanian), a collection of 140 folk songs, “Ancient Albanian Tales”, “Xinxifilua” and other tales, a text on folklore for high schools of Tirana, etc.Our analytical target is Mitrush Kuteli’s work “Songs and cries from the scorched town” published in 1944, is a collection of oral songs collected in the region of Pogradec. The songs of the book in question are equipped with appropriate biographical notes of the subjects from whom the songs were recorded. This work is considered as the first folklore work with scientific criteria. We need to emphasis that the work has been forgotten not because of the lack of values, but because of the communist political ideology in Albania.We will concentrate on the XIX circle of the work named cries, it is noteworthy that the term “cries” (brithma) was used for the first time to describe children’s songs in Albanian folklore by Kuteli. The songs are on the last pages of the book (p. 127-148) with a total of 70 cries. Keywords : Mmitrush Kuteli, folklore subjects, scientific criteria, cries, collectors, researchers, folklorists, subjects DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/72-06 Publication date: October 31 st 2020

ЭРГАШ ГАПЛИ ҚЎШМАГАПЛАРНИ ШАКЛЛАНТИРИШДА АНТИТЕЗАНИНГ ЎРНИ

In this article, the phenomenon of antithesis, which serves to provide emotionality, the formation of this methodological tool, its special nature, antithesis syntactic devices, the phenomenon of antithesis used in Uzbek folk proverbs and its linguistic aspect, the condition between parts of speech formed using antithesis relations such as tense, conditional, indefinite, as well as linguistic means, contradictory words, some lexical-grammatical forms, words of affirmative-negative form, phrases, predicative units involved in the occurrence of the phenomenon of antithesis in adverbial conjunctions

ОБ ОСОБЕННОСТЯХ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ ФОРМЫ ЛЕЗГИНСКИХ НАРОДНЫХ ПОСЛОВИЦ И ПОГОВОРОК

National proverbs and sayings of Lezgins are analyzed. Attention is paid to the internal laws of proverbial poetics. The author dwells on a peculiar artistic form of Lezgin proverbs and sayings, which is evidence of a high level of creative thinking, aesthetic taste, poetic perception of various spheres of life by the people. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the issues of sound organization and the poetic form of the Lezgin folk proverbs and sayings have not yet become the object of comprehensive study. In this regard, the analysis of emotional and expressive means in small aphoristic genres of folklore is of great scientific interest. The goal of our work is to give an objective assessment of the peculiar poetic form of folk paremias, which is in the rhythmic organization, but our analysis does not pretend to a full interpretation of the topic under study. It is proved that the specificity of the artistic form of folk sayings is alliteration, rhyme, rhythm, sound repetitions that contribute to the poetic language of speech, the most clear expression of thoughts and the selection of the main meaning. A number of pictorial and expressive means of poetic speech helps her in this. Thus, rhythm and various kinds of rhymes contribute not only to the preservation of the unity of proverbs and sayings, but also to the selection of the main idea. The rhyme in folk proverbs plays a rhythmic and semantic role.

The image of the national world in phraseology (In the interpretation of french and uzbek folk proverbs)

The image of the national world in phraseology (In the interpretation of french and uzbek folk proverbs)

Structure of folk proverbs (example of uzbek and german proverbs)

Structure of folk proverbs (example of uzbek and german proverbs)