Foliar Application Of Humic Acid Research Articles

Biochemical responses of water-stressed triticale (X Triticosecale wittmack) to humic acid and jasmonic acid

The efficacy of humic acid (HA) and jasmonic acid (JA) application to modulate the adverse effects of water stress on pigment content, relative water content (RWC), antioxidant enzyme activity, and ion balance of two triticale genotypes (ET-83-3 and ET-84-8) was investigated in a pot experiment under controlled conditions. Application of both HA and JA in ET-84-8, increased chlorophyll a and b content 19.9 and 21% under water stress, respectively. Carotenoid content was also increased from 7.7 mg/g fresh weight to 9.5 mg/g fresh weight under water stress. Furthermore, catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities and proline content were increased 34.8%, 13% and 99.5%, respectively when ET-84-8 genotype was exposed to HA and JA together. RWC of water-stressed plants was lowered in both genotypes however, the decreasing rate was greater in ET-84-8genotype. Higher K‏+ accumulation in water-stressed ET-84-8 genotype was accompanied by an increase in pigment content, CAT and POD activity as well as RWC. There was a negatively significant relationship between the main shoot grain yield and the malondialdehyde (MDA) activity. Significant and positive relationships were also found between the main shoot grain yield with CAT activity as well as RWC. Overall, it was found that concomitant foliar application of HA (1.0 mM) with JA (50 µM) was able to alleviate the inhibitory effects of water stress in the ET-84-8 genotype via enhancing proline content, CAT and POD activity, and lowering MDA.

Foliar application of humic acid decreased hazard of cadmium toxicity on the growth of Hybrid Pennisetum

The positive effects of humic acid (HA) in alleviating the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) were demonstrated in pot grown Hybrid Pennisetum. Twelve treatments consisting of six concentrations of Cd (0, 10, 20, 50, 70 and 100 mg kg−1) combined with two levels of HA (0 and 1.0 g L−1) were applied. Our results showed that although Cd toxicity significantly inhibited plant growth, decreased the dry weights of leaves, stems and roots and substantially increased the leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) and Cd concentrations in different plant tissues, Hybrid Pennisetum had a strong ability in the uptake and transfer of Cd and could be used for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated soils. The chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity of the leaves also decreased under Cd stress. The foliar application of HA alleviated the symptoms of Cd toxicity by increasing the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and the content of photosynthetic pigments, although HA did not significantly decrease the concentration of Cd in the leaf, stem and root tissues. Compared with the zero-HA treatment, 1.0 g L−1 HA increased the root, stem and leaf biomasses by approximately 2.7–99.4%, 3.9–11.2% and 18.2–87.1%, respectively. MDA had a significant negative relationship with Pn. The MDA content of the HA-treated Hybrid Pennisetum plants decreased by approximately 4.4–12.2% compared with that of the Cd-only plants, indicating the high Cd tolerance of Hybrid Pennisetum. It is concluded that foliar application of HA (1.0 g L−1) can alleviate Cd toxicity and increase Cd stress tolerance in Hybrid Pennisetum, thereby lowering the potential risk of soil Cd contamination.

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilization Rates and Foliar Application of Humic Acid, Fulvic Acid and Tryptophan on Growth, Productivity and Chemical Composition of Common Bean Plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Two field experiments were carried out during the two successive seasons of 2015 and 2016 in a newly reclaimed private farm at Abu El-Matamer region, El-Beheira Governorate. The objective of this investigation was to study the main effects of four N-fertilizer levels (0, 20, 40, 60 kg N fad-1) in the form of ammonium nitrate (33%) and three different stimulator treatments; humic acid (1 and 2 gmL-1) fulvic acid (2.5 and 5 gmL-1) and tryptophan (0.5 and 1 gmL-1 ), as well as their interactions on vegetative growth, leaf chlorophyll, N, P and K contents and yield and its components characters of common bean cv. Nebraska. The obtained results indicated that application of mineral N, significantly increased all the studied growth, minerals and yield characters. The highest N rates (60 kg N fad-1) was remarkable and associated with the highest mean values of the most studied characters. Moreover, the biostimulator treatments application exhibited higher mean values of all studied growth, minerals and yield parameters compared to control. Tryptophan treatment was more pronounced in this concern. It could conclude that fertilization of common bean plants with 60 kg N fad-1 combined with tryptophan at 1 gmL-1 was the best interaction treatment for all the studied parameters.

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Response of rapeseed fatty acid composition to foliar application of humic acid under different plant densities

In order to the assessment of humic acid application on the qualitative characteristics of rapeseed in various plant densities, a factorial split-plot test was conducted for two cultivation years in Karaj, Iran. In this experiment, plant density considered in three levels (40, 60, and 80 plants/m<sup>2</sup>), humic acid at two concentrations (non-application and application at the concentration of 0.3%) in the main plots, and six cultivars of rapeseed embracing RGS003, Zafar, Julius, Jerry, Zabol10, and Hyola4815 in the sub-plots. The interaction effect of plant density ×humic acid × cultivar on seed yield, oil yield, oleic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, erucic acid, canopy temperature, and seed glucosinolate content as well as the interaction effect of plant density × cultivar on the oil content and total chlorophyll content were significant at 1% level. Cv. Jerry had the maximum seed and oil yields under humic acid application condition with the density of 40 plants/m<sup>2</sup>, and the maximum contents of oleic, linoleic, and palmitic fatty acids as well. Moreover, this cultivar, through containing the lower and standard content of erucic acid and glucosinolate, is recommendable under the circumstance of the present research.

Effect of Humic Acid Foliar Application on Quantitative and Qualitative Yield of Caraway (Carum carvi L.) Plant

Effect of Humic Acid Foliar Application on Quantitative and Qualitative Yield of Caraway (Carum carvi L.) Plant

Influence of Foliar-Applied Humic Acid and Some Key Growth Regulators on Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Under Drought Stress: Antioxidant Defense System, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Sugar Yield

To assess the impact of humic acid and three potential growth regulators as salicylic acid (SA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and ascorbic acid (AsA) on sugar beet under drought stress, a field experiment as a split plot based on completely randomized block design was performed. The main plots comprised three watering regimes, well-watered, 60% field capacity (mild water stress) and 45% field capacity (severe water stress). Foliar application of humic acid, SA, GA3 and AsA was allocated into sub-plots. Both drought stress regimes caused a decline in root yield, sugar content, chlorophyll content, relative water content and leaf area index. In contrast, drought stress resulted in a marked rise superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase activities as well as the levels of proline, glycine betaine, malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide in sugar beet plants. However, foliar application of humic acid, SA, GA3 and AsA reasonably increased the activities/levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and vita organic osmolytes. The current findings suggest that exogenous application of humic acid is effective in tailoring the sugar plants to thrive well on drought-prone areas.

Yield of cowpea and uptake of nutrients and soil chemical status as influenced by STCR fertilizer dose with humic acid and multi-micronutrient mixture in Southern Dry Zone (Zone 6) of Karnataka

A field experiment was conducted to validate the cowpea STCR equation developed for Zone 5 in Zone 6 and to assess its performance with foliar application of humic acid and multi-micronutrient mixture during Kharif 2016 on sandy loam soil at college of Agriculture, V.C. Farm, Mandya. The experimental results revealed that significantly higher total N uptake was observed in T12 (142.58 kg ha-1), total P uptake of 14.58 kg ha-1 in T13 and total K uptake in T11 (127.62 kg ha-1). The uptake of all the micronutrients were higher in the treatments with foliar application of MM with humic acid at 30 and 45 DAS, followed by foliar application of MM alone. Available nutrient status of soil after the harvest of the crop showed a significant effect due to treatments. Higher nitrogen status was reported in T11 (257.13 kg ha-1) followed by T12 (250.85 kg ha-1) and least was in control (175.69 kg ha-1). Higher soil P status was recorded in the treatment having RDF + FYM (86.76 kg ha-1) followed by T3 receiving STCR fertilizer dose with 50% RDP without FYM (85.23 kg ha-1). Higher K status of the soil was recorded in T5 (235.34 kg ha-1) with STCR (50% RDP) with FYM. However, lowest was recorded in control (155.89 kg ha-1).

Discriminating the Short-Term Action of Root and Foliar Application of Humic Acids on Plant Growth: Emerging Role of Jasmonic Acid.

Humic substances (HS, fulvic and humic acids) are widely used as fertilizers or plant growth stimulants, although their mechanism of action still remains partially unknown. Humic substances may be applied either directly to the soil or as foliar sprays. Despite both kind of application are commonly used in agricultural practices, most of the studies regarding the elicited response in plants induced by HS are based on the root-application of these substances. The present work aimed at discriminating between the mechanisms of action of foliar application versus root application of a sedimentary humic acid (SHA) on plant development. For this purpose, six markers related to plant phenotype, plant morphology, hormonal balance and root-plasma membrane H+-ATPase were selected. Both application strategies improved the shoot and root growth. Foliar applied- and root applied-SHA shared the capacity to increase the concentration of indole-3-acetic acid in roots and cytokinins in shoots. However, foliar application did not lead to short-term increases in either abscisic acid root-concentration or root-plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity which are, however, two crucial effects triggered by SHA root-application. Both application modes increased the root concentrations of jasmonic acid and jasmonoyl-isoleucine. These hormonal changes caused by foliar application could be a stress-related symptom and connected to the loss of leaves trichomes and the diminution of chloroplasts size seen by scanning electron microscopy. These results support the hypothesis that the beneficial effects of SHA applied to roots or leaves may result from plant adaptation to a mild transient stress caused by SHA application.

Effect of different priming treatments on seed germination of sago palm (Cycas revoluta L.)

King sago palm or sago cycas are the other name of Kangi palm ( Cycas revoluta ) sago palm has been used as an indoor and outdoor landscape plant for centuries. The present study was conducted to estimate the effect of different priming treatments on seed germination of sago palm ( Cycas revoluta L.) in the research area of Department of Horticulture PMAS, University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The Experiment consisted of ten treatments; the seeds without pulp were soaked in solution of 500, 750 and 1000 ppm GA 3 and 2%, 3% and 4% solution of KNO 3 for 24 hr at room temperature. In case of hot water treatment, seeds were primed at 80 o C, 90 o C and 100 o C for 30, 20 and 10 minutes respectively. The effect of different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) and hot water on various parameters like germination rate, germination percentage, germination value, decayed seed percentage, time of germination, number of leaves and seedling height were studied. Significant results of germination rate (55.56 days), germination value (192.19) were achieved from 500 ppm GA 3 . Maximum germination percentage (73.33%) and number of leaves (2) were observed in KNO 3 at 2% followed by 500 ppm GA 3 . Similarly lowest decayed seed percentage (26.66%) and time of germination (59.41 days) were noted in 2% KNO 3 . The seedling height was optimum (19.33 cm) in 3% KNO 3 followed by 2% KNO 3 . Best germination results were obtained due to permeability of hard seed coat made by low concentrations of priming treatments (KNO 3 @ 3%).

Influence of Sowing Date and Foliar Application of Humic Acid on Yield and Volatile Oil of Sweet Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Plants

Influence of Sowing Date and Foliar Application of Humic Acid on Yield and Volatile Oil of Sweet Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Plants

The Effect of Humic Acid Foliar Application on some Qualitative Characteristics and Micronutrients Accumulation in the Shoot and Grain of Triticale (X Tritico-secale Wittmack)

The Effect of Humic Acid Foliar Application on some Qualitative Characteristics and Micronutrients Accumulation in the Shoot and Grain of Triticale (X Tritico-secale Wittmack)

Effects of Potassium and Humic Acid on Amelioration of Soil Salinity Hazardous on Pea Plants

Pots experiment were carried out in green house of National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt, to study the effect of potassium and humic acid application to minimize the adversely effects of soil salinity on pea plants. Pots were divided into three main groups of soil salinity at levels (2.84, 6.03 and 8.97 dS m-1). These main groups were applied potassium sulfate at the rates 50 and 100 kg fed-1. Foliar application of humic acid was applied at a rate of 0.2%. Data presented that the application of K2SO4 at a rate of 100 kg fed-1 with humic acid a foliar spray at a rate of 0.2%, gave the highest values of plant growth parameters such as, Branch No., Leave No., Plant height, leaf area, Shoot fresh and dry weight. In addition to produce high chlorophyll a and b and carotene content as compared to other treatments and control under the different soil salinity levels. Application of K2SO4 (100 kg fed-1) with foliar spray of humic acid under high and moderate soil salinity condition increased pod weight, seed weight, seed dry weight over application of 50 kg fed-1 and control. The highest values of studied chemical constituents in shoots and greens were obtained due to the application of potassium sulfate at100 kg fed-1 with humic acid. The combined effects of potassium application and foliar spray of humic acid had a positive effect on increasing the ability of pea plant tolerance to soil salinity and increasing of growth and yield production under saline soil conditions.

Soil and foliar application of humic acid on productivity of groundnut(<em>Arachis hypogea</em> L.)

A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Nipani, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during kharif 2018 to study the effect of soil and foliar application of humic acid (HA) on productivity of groundnut. Combined application of 30 kg HA ha-1 to soil as basal followed by foliar spray of 2 per cent HA at 45 days after sowing (DAS) along with recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) recorded significantly higher plant height (21.06 cm), number of branches per plant (8.53), total dry matter production per plant (29.67 g) at harvest, number of pods per plant (21.1), pod weight per plant (19.9 g), pod (2802 kg ha-1), haulm (3924 kg ha-1) and kernel yield (1971 kg ha-1) as compared to RDF alone (21.06 cm, 8.53, 29.67 g, 15.3, 13.6 g, 2319 kg ha-1, 3273 kg ha-1 and 1536 kg ha-1, respectively).

Foliar Application of Humic Acid Improves Growth and Yield of Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) Varieties

Foliar Application of Humic Acid Improves Growth and Yield of Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) Varieties

Effect of Foliar Application of Humic Acid, Yeast and Garlic Extracts on Growth, Yield and Quality in Forage Cowpea

Effect of Foliar Application of Humic Acid, Yeast and Garlic Extracts on Growth, Yield and Quality in Forage Cowpea

Effect of foliar application of humic acid on fodder and grain yield of oat (Avena sativa L.)

An experiment was carried out at the farm of Field Crops Department, Agriculture College, University of Basrah, Iraq during two winter seasons of 2016–17 and 2017–18 to study the effect of spraying humic acids (0, 3, 6 and 9 g/l) at two growth stages (Tillering and 50% flowering stage) on the fodder and grain yield of oat cv. Shaffaa. Split plot design arranged by RCBD was used with three replications, stage of spraying was placed in the main plots, while foliar humic acid concentrations in the sub-plots. The best concentration of humic acid was 6 g/l which achieved the highest green fodder yield (50.6 and 54.4 t/ha), dry fodder yield (16.9 and 18.6 t/ha) and grain yield (6.19 and 5.97 t/ha) for both the growing seasons. Spraying at tillering stage was more efficient for increasing fodder and grain yield as compared to spraying at 50% flowering stage. The interaction was significant, plants that sprayed at tillering stage with concentration of 6 g/l of the humic acid were more potential for most studied characteristics. Therefore, humic acid @ 6 g/l during tillering growth stage proved most suitable for obtaining optimum yield of oat.

Productivity of Intercropped Wheat with Faba Bean under Crop Sequences and Foliar Application of Humic Acid

INTERCROPPING cereal-legume (wheat + faba bean) is essential to enhance productivity per unit area, land use efficiency and decreasing the gap between production and consumption in Egypt. Furthermore, we are trying to find the best concentration of humic acid foliar application which could improve the production of wheat and faba bean. A field experiment was set with a combination of five crop sequences and intercropping systems (clover/wheat; wheat + faba bean; clover/wheat + faba bean; sole wheat; sole faba bean) in addition to, three foliar application treatments of humic acid at the rate of control (0.0), 2.0 and 4.0g/L. Results show that foliar application of humic acid and intercropping systems affected significantly all traits of wheat and faba bean except number of branches/plant and plant height in the first season for faba bean. The highest mean values of yield and its components of wheat were obtained when wheat was sown after clover under foliar application with 4g/L humic acid as compared with sole wheat with no foliar application in both seasons. The 2g/L humic acid and wheat + faba bean give higher land equivalent ratio and the lowest values of aggressivity. whereas the highest mean values of area time equivalent ratio and monetary advantage index were obtained from 4g/L humic acid foliar application with clover/wheat + faba bean in both seasons.

Effect of biostimulants on leaf yield and quality of annual moringa (Moringa oleifera. Lam) Var. PKM - 1

Research study on effect of foliar application of biostimulants on yield and quality of annual moringa for leaf production was conducted at Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam between October 2014 to September 2016. Annual moringa Var PKM -1 seeds were sown @ 40 cm x 20 cm spacing. Foliar application of different concentrations of humic acid, Vermiwash and sea weed extract were given as per the treatment schedule. Harvesting of moringa leaves was done starting from 60 days after sowing leaving 45 cm stem from the ground level at every 45 days interval. Fresh and dry leaf yield per plot was recorded in each harvest and the data were analyzed statistically. Cost benefit ratio for each treatment was calculated. Among the different treatment combinations, application of humic acid 0.2% + vermiwash 4% + sea weed extract 4% @ 10 days after each harvest recorded the highest dry leaf yield of 18.24 t/ha followed by the application of humic acid 2 ml/lit + vermiwash 4% + sea weed extract 4% @ 10 and 25 days after each harvest along with recommended dose of fertilizer. The highest benefit cost ratio of 1:2.45 was observed in the treatment of foliar application of humic acid 2 ml/lit + vermiwash 4% + sea weed extract 4% @ 10 days after each harvest along with recommended dose of fertilizers.

Optimization of linseed cultivation, a promising way to enhance its secoisolariciresinol diglucoside lignan content

There is strong evidence on the anticancer properties of secolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), the predominant flaxseed lignan, especially for mammary and prostatic carcinomas. Although the effect of cultivar and location on flaxseed SDG level has been reported, much less is traced regarding the influence of agronomical treatments. The purpose of this study is to determine if agricultural management practices could enhance SDG accumulation in flaxseed. We studied the effect of irrigation frequencies (I), added nutrients (N, zinc and humic acid) and fertilization treatments (F) and their interactions on SDG level and seed yield of the Egyptian flax cultivar Giza 9. Samples were extracted and analyzed for SDG, after alkaline hydrolysis, using HPLC-UV method. The concentration of SDG and its yield varied between 415.55-845.95 mg/100 g whole seeds and 1.77-4.05 Kg/feddan on a dry weight basis, respectively according to different agricultural treatments. I, N and F factors and their interactions had a significant effect on SDG. I × N × F interaction contributed to the majority of SDG variation (31.81 %), followed by I factor (27.96 %), whereas seed yield was more affected by F factor (72.7 %). The I × F interaction was the only significant interaction on the seed yield contributing only for 0.43% of the variance. Moderate irrigation frequency with the humic acid foliar application and mineral nitrogen fertilizer was the best combination for achieving the highest SDG levels. Using optimum agronomic practice would benefit the nutraceutical industry by optimizing flaxseed lignan content and hence enhancing its anticancer, health-promoting effect.