This study examines active vibration control (AVC) in a truncated conical shell composed of metal foam reinforced with agglomerated graphene nanoplatelets and integrated with piezoelectric layers functioning as sensors and actuators. Both complete and partial agglomeration states are considered based on the Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka approach, and the mechanical properties of the porous core are characterized using a closed-cell metal foam model. The governing equations of motion are derived using Hamilton’s principle, based on the two-dimensional axisymmetric elasticity theory, and solved through the finite element method coupled with the Newmark method. Vibration mitigation is achieved using a fractional-order fuzzy proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller. A comprehensive parametric study is conducted, examining the effects of geometric dimensions, various boundary conditions, reinforcement parameters (including weight fraction, distribution patterns, and agglomeration parameters), and porosity parameters (including pore size, and porosity pattern) on the vibration properties of the shell. Numerical simulations are performed to assess the effectiveness of the proposed AVC system in reducing structural vibrations compared to a constant velocity feedback control approach. The velocity feedback controller reduced central deflection from 12.65 to 5.089 μ m , while a fractional-order fuzzy PID controller further improved it to 2.348 μ m , representing a 53.86% enhancement over the velocity feedback controller.