Flue Gas Research Articles

Monitoring of GFRP pipelines in Power Plants using acoustic emission testing

In coal-fired power plants, the flue gas is transported through fibreglassreinforced pipelines to cooling towers during the combustion of the respective raw material, which often serve as a marker for a power plant in the landscape. These glass-fibre reinforced pipelines are located at great heights and can have very large diameters. Up to now, testing has been carried out as part of inspections during planned shutdowns and is associated with corresponding costs. The article discusses the use of acoustic measurement methods based on a 4-month installation at the Niederaußem power plant. Measurement results based on the acoustic emission analysis were shown. For the acoustic emission measurements, a repaired site was instrumented and different parameters like hit/event rates, acoustic energies as well as weighted peak frequencies of the acoustic signals were recorded over the monitoring period of 4 months at power plant Niederaußem. In a second power plant Neurath a 5-month AE monitoring were carried out. This measurement results were discussed as well.

Analysis of the Influence of Variation in Medical Waste Heating Value on the Electrical Energy Output of Generator in Medical Waste Cogeneration Incinerator System using Gatecycle Solver

Abstract Medical waste incinerator is a technology capable of processing and exterminating hazardous medical waste through combustion at temperatures exceeding 800°C. Medical waste exhibits a range of heating values depending on its material composition. The heating value represents the potential heat energy released when a substance undergoes complete combustion. A cogeneration incinerator is designed to treat medical waste while also harnessing the heat of the flue gas that emanates from the combustion process. The flue gas acts as a hot fluid that transfers its heat, causing the water temperature inside the boiler to increase and transform into high-temperature steam. This steam drives a steam turbine connected to a generator to generate electrical energy. The amount of electrical energy generated is influenced by the steam quality produced through the boiler’s water-heating process. This study aims to investigate the influence of variation in the heating value in medical waste on the electrical energy output of the generator in a medical waste cogeneration incinerator system. The range of heating value variations used in the testing varies from 25 MJ/kg to 35 MJ/kg. The variation is tested through thorough simulations using GateCycle software to obtain data on the electrical energy generated. To achieve a maximum electrical energy output of 200 kW, fuel with a total heating value of 32.25 MJ/kg is required. This study is beneficial to be implemented as renewable energy sources based on biomass powerplant systems.

Corrosion performance of (ZrYTaAlCr)O ceramic coating materials for heated surface tubes

The comprehensive advantages of waste incineration power generation are evident, gradually replacing composting, landfill, and other treatment methods. However, the presence of chlorine, sulfur, heavy metals, and a variety of hazardous elements in the flue gas has led to severe corrosion of the heated surface tubes of the waste incineration boilers and an increase in the failure rate of the boilers, thus restricting the wider application of waste incineration power generation technology. In this study, (ZrYTaAlCr)O high-entropy ceramic materials were synthesized via the solid-phase reaction method and subjected to exposure in a standard corrosive mixture (SCM) simulating the molten salts environment of waste incineration boilers, consisting of NaCl (25 mol%), KCl (25 mol%), Na2SO4 (25 mol%), and K2SO4 (25 mol%). The corrosion behavior of (ZrYTaAlCr)O ceramics with different proportions was studied through visual detection, corrosion kinetics, XRD, and SEM/EDS analysis. The results show that (Zr0.5Y0.125Ta0.125Al0.125Cr0.125)O forms a NaTaO3 tantalate protective layer in the early stages of corrosion, with fewer types of corrosion products. Compared with other compositions, (Zr0.5Y0.125Ta0.125Al0.125Cr0.125)O has good corrosion resistance and is suitable as a corrosion protection material for the heating surface tubes of waste incineration boilers.

Energy consumption and economic analysis of CO2 capture from flue gas by membrane separation coupled with hydrate method

Hydrate-based CO2 capture (HBCC), as a new gas separation technique, has been widely studied. CO2 hydrate formation requires a higher pressure and lower temperature. In this study, a novel integrated process using membrane separation coupled with hydrate method was proposed to improve the efficiency of CO2 capture. The CO2 separation process from flue gas was simulated and optimized using Aspen Plus, revealing that the CO2 concentration was increased from 15 % to 42.32 % after membrane separation, and further rose to 87.35 % following Hydrate-based gas separation. The energy consumption for CO2 capture was calculated to be 2.81 GJ/tCO2, with an exergy loss during the hydrate-based separation stage reaching up to 33.26 %. The total cost of CO2 capture, including equipment investment, was determined to be 82.35 $/t, with an estimated payback period of approximately 6 years. Thus, the process using membrane separation coupled with hydrate method was reasonable and feasible through the energy, exergy and economic analysis. This research introduces a promising large-scale industrial CO2 capture process for the advancement of Hydrate-based CO2 capture technology.

Techno-economic analysis of biocrude, biogas, and fertilizer production from microalgae Coelastrella striolata cultivated in agroindustrial wastewater

Coelastrella microalgae have gained attention due to their robustness, high lipid content, effective bioremediation agent, and ability to thrive in diverse environmental conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic feasibility of an integrated biorefinery of the unique original Coelastrella striolata var. multistriata strain 047 applied in agro-industrial wastewater, flue gases, and excess energy on a 1.2 ha open raceway pond (ORP). This study consists of three scenarios: (1) biocrude only (BO); (2) biocrude and biogas (BB); and (3) biocrude, biogas, and fertilizer (BBF). The findings indicated that the BB and BBF scenarios enhanced the financial feasibility and potential profitability of investment. This is reflected in the economic feasibility indicators for the BB scenario over a project lifetime of 20 years, which include a net present value (NPV) of $4,757,082, an internal rate of return (IRR) of 25.6%, a profitability index (PI) of 2.77, and a payback period of 3.75 years. Similarly, in the BBF scenario, financial viability is demonstrated with an NPV of $4,714,418, an IRR of 25.2%, a PI of 2.73, and a payback period of 3.79 years. Operational expenditures were identified as the most sensitive aspect of this study, particularly in the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process for biocrude production. The utilization of effluent and excess energy from palm oil mill (POM) reduced the operational costs for energy and nutrients by up to 69% compared to the baseline, where palm oil mill effluent (POME) and excess energy were not utilized. Additionally, to achieve optimal results in the BO scenario, increasing the concentration of Coelastrella striolata var. multistriata strain 047 in POME proved to be the most effective approach for increasing biocrude oil production, reducing costs, and increasing economic sustainability.

Spray characteristics of steam-assisted oil atomization in Y-jet nozzles

Twin-fluid atomizers, valued for handling viscous fluids and high operating loads, are extensively used in combustion processes and oil refineries. In the latter scenario, internal mixing nozzles are employed in fluid catalytic cracking units for oil dispersion using steam as the dispersing medium. While steam-assisted atomization studies often focus on flue gas analysis, the associated steam/oil internal mixing process and the spray droplet dynamics lack proper investigation. Accordingly, this work explores the Y-jet nozzle performance for oil atomization using steam, aiming to determine favorable conditions for obtaining a stable spray with fine droplet distribution. This analysis is accomplished by characterizing the mixing chamber pressure, investigating the spray boundary instabilities using high-speed images, and exploring the spray droplet size using the shadowgraphy technique. Work relevance relies on performing experiments at industrially representative conditions, characterized by the similarity of important dimensionless numbers. Additionally, the nozzle design is optimized by varying key geometric parameters. The nozzle geometry and the operating condition impact on the steam-assisted atomization performance and spray behavior constitutes the main findings of this work. The outcomes highlight the relevance of the fluid dynamics investigation for optimized nozzle performance, involving a balance between spray stability and fine droplet distribution generation.

Study of ship-based carbon capture optimization considering multiple evaluation factors and main engine loads

Ship-Based Carbon Capture (SBCC) technology presents a promising approach to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the marine transportation. Solvent-based carbon capture has emerged as a leading technology for SBCC, primarily due to its low retrofit costs and effectiveness in treating flue gas with low carbon content. However, challenges remain in optimizing system operation efficiency under the variable conditions of ship main engine loads and in understanding the mechanisms by which process parameters influence key evaluation factors. Consequently, this study established a pilot-scale experimental platform for solvent-based SBCC and developed a carbon capture model based on it. The influence of process parameters, such as main engine exhaust flow rate and liquid/gas ratio (L/G), on the evaluation factors was thoroughly explored. With the utilization of Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis to quantify the influence of process parameters on the evaluation factors, a multi-objective optimization equation is proposed. The combination of machine learning and optimization algorithms offers an efficient approach for determining the optimal process of the SBCC system under different main engine loads. The research results show that the main engine exhaust flow rate is the most important process parameter affecting the carbon capture rate (CR), with an influence ratio as high as 64.33%. As the main engine exhaust flow rate increases, the maximum CR decreases from 97.84% to 61.13%. Although the extreme value of the regeneration energy consumption (REC) also decreases from 6.66 to 4.42 GJ/t CO2, the solvent flow rate's influence on REC is also significant, with influence ratios of 38.49% and 35.53%, respectively. A data-driven approach examined the optimal operating conditions at eight main engine loads, achieving a carbon capture rate prediction error of only 1.42% and a maximum REC error of only 0.55 GJ/t CO2. This study provides essential guidance for assessing the suitability of SBCC systems.

Prominent differences in the adsorption and substitution characteristics of As(III) and As(V) on gypsum during wet flue gas desulfurization

Arsenic-bearing gypsum (ABG) is a hazardous by-product of wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) and must be strictly controlled. This study investigated the migration of arsenic species during wet FGD and proposed strategies to reduce the toxicity of FGD gypsum in operation. During gypsum crystallization, the adsorption and substitution characteristics of As(III) and As(V) exhibit significant differences. The amount of As(III) captured by CaSO4·2H2O is greater than that of As(V). The As(III) adsorbed on the growth surface of CaSO4·2H2O can be incorporated into the gypsum by substituting for SO42−, while As(V) tends to remain adsorbed on the surface. Moreover, the arsenic adsorption capacity of the incompletely oxidized product CaSO3·0.5H2O was almost three times that of CaSO4·2H2O, especially for As(III). Based on the differences in the migration characteristics of As(III) and As(V), a strategy was proposed to reduce the arsenic content and biotoxicity in gypsum during operation by enhancing the oxidation of sulfite and highly toxic arsenite, thus ensuring the safe utilization of FGD gypsum.

Energy, Exergy, Exergo-economic and Exergo-environmental analysis of Waste Heat-based Convective Dryer

Food drying is a widely used method of food preservation worldwide, and the utilization of waste heat from exhaust flue gas presents a significant opportunity to reduce the energy consumption of industrial drying processes. This study thoroughly examines the energy and exergy efficiency, sustainability indicators, and various exergo-environmental and exergo-economic parameters to assess the performance of a waste heat-based convective dryer (WHCD). The study found that drying at 70°C performed the best (among 50°C, 60°C and 70°C) for the overall drying process, with a maximum overall exergetic efficiency of 4.89%. The results of exergo-economic analysis revealed that the drying chamber exhibited the highest exergy destruction cost at US$0.01193 per hour, and it was determined that improving the drying chamber was of paramount importance. An exergo-environmental assessment indicates that the proposed dryer effectively mitigates 14.15 tons of over a 20-year lifespan. Sensitivity analysis of the proposed system reveals that the energy efficiency is more sensitive to the food drying temperature than the exergy efficiency. A 33% increase in drying temperature increases the exergy efficiency by 19.37% while reducing the energy efficiency by 37.54%. Hence, adopting the proposed system in industrial settings could significantly enhance energy-efficient and sustainable food drying processes.

Peranan medan magnet dan campuran etanol-biodiesel minyak jelantah pada pembakaran droplet terhadap perilaku api dan emisi gas buang

Petroleum reserves are increasingly depleting, causing a scarcity of petroleum fuel caused by the rapid progress of transportation and the manufacturing industry. This condition forces researchers to search for and develop new renewable energy source. The purpose of research is to understanding and determines role of north-south (U-S) and south-south (S-S) magnetic fields to blend waste cooking oil biodiesel-ethanol on flame evolution, flue gas emissions, and temperature during droplet combustion. Waste cooking oil biodiesel and ethanol were used in this research by adding variations in the direction of repulsive and attractive magnetic fields with an intensity of 11000 gauss. Diameter of droplets tested was 0.3 mm and was placed on a type K thermocouple wire with diameter of 0.1 mm. This research found the role of attractive magnetic field (U-S) in blend waste cooking oil biodiesel-ethanol 20% to produce the shortest flame evolution of 704 ms, lowest CO of 165 ppm, and highest temperature of 828.5 oC. This happens because ethanol has a low flash point and large oxygen content, causing the combustion reaction to occur rapidly. The attractive of magnetic field (U-S) plays a role on attracting oxygen around flame to enter combustion reaction, while the H2O resulting from combustion is pumped out of flame.

Design, multi-aspect investigation and economic advantages of an innovative CCHP system using geothermal energy, CO2 recovery using a cryogenic process, and methanation process with zero CO2 footprint

The significance of devoting attention to environmental pollution control strategies is widely recognized as an effective means of mitigating the harmful environmental effects caused by fossil fuels in industrial and power plant sectors. Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and recovery technologies have opened up the possibility of utilizing this pollutant gas. Hence, the current study suggests a methodology for the CO2 hydrogenation of the flue gas leaving a power plant. This approach facilitates methane generation via a methanation reactor, subsequently is utilized as fuel for a power plant. For this purpose, a cryogenic method using liquefied natural gas cold energy facilitates CO2 recovery. Moreover, the whole system utilizes geothermal energy to launch a power plant for power generation and supply the power demands of a hydrogen production unit, relying on a water electrolysis process. The hydrogen generated is employed for CO2 hydrogenation, while the oxygen produced is utilized for the combustion reaction. Heating provider units and an absorption chiller are also included in the design. The system is modeled utilizing Aspen HYSYS software. This study incorporates a sensitivity analysis alongside energy, exergy, environmental, and economic assessments. The energy and exergy efficiencies, as determined by the thermodynamic analysis, are 30.87% and 48.61%, respectively. Additionally, according to the economic study, the levelized energy cost amounts to 16.65 $/MWh, demonstrating a substantial reduction of 87.6% compared to the power generation mode. One notable merit of the suggested system lies in its zero CO2 footprint framework, showing a noteworthy supremacy when compared with previous studies.

Combustion behavior of solid waste fuels in the vertical tube reactor under different oxy-fuel environments

Oxy-fuel combustion technology has been recognized as one of the promising ways for cost-effective CO2 capture. The co-combustion characteristics of flax straw biomass/bituminous coal mixture (FS/BC) and flax straw biomass/sewage sludge mixture (FS/SS) under air, oxy-fuel (21%/79% O2/CO2) and oxygen-enriched oxy-fuel (30%/70% and 40%/60% O2/CO2) conditions were investigated in the vertical tube reactor. In particular, the study focused on the burning characteristics, the effect of blending ratio, and flue gas emissions. The findings indicated that flax straw biomass exhibited superior ignition performance compared to its blends with sewage sludge and bituminous coal. A higher O2 concentration from 21% to 40 led to a reduction in ignition delay time by 4s at 850 ℃ and by up to 10s at 950 ℃. Moreover, char combustion time was reduced by 50% for FS/SS blends due to the lower fixed carbon content compared to FS/BC blends. Additionally, increasing the O2 concentration resulted in lower emissions of CO by ∽40% and N2O by ∽45% for both blends. However, this also led to a slight increase in SO2 and NO emissions by ∽15% and ∽26%, respectively. The optimal conditions for the tested samples in oxy-fuel environment were found to be 30% O2/70 CO2, which enhanced combustion performance while lowering flue gas emissions.

Optimization of carbon dioxide adsorption from industrial flue gas using zeolite 13X: A simulation study with Aspen Adsorption and response surface methodology

One of the best ways to prevent further warming of the planet and reduce pollutants is to remove or adsorb and recover carbon dioxide gas from the exit of cement factory exhaust. So far, several methods have been proposed for this; In this research, zeolite 13X adsorbent is used considering the operational conditions. To remove CO2 gas from the desired gas mixture, an adsorption operation unit with a column filled with zeolite 13X adsorbent was simulated in Aspen Adsorption V14 software. Changes in parameters such as temperature, and pressure and their effects on adsorption rate, adsorbent saturation time, and output heat rate were investigated to achieve higher system efficiency and optimal operating conditions. The adsorption unit was optimized by RSM to achieve maximum CO2 adsorption. Temperature and mole fraction of CO2 were identified as key influencing factors determining the adsorption performance of zeolite 13X for CO2 adsorption. It was found that the system should be operated at a temperature of 28.07 °C and a pressure of 1.202 bar to achieve maximum adsorption. Finally, 2.784 mol% CO2 gas was captured by the said process in optimal operating conditions. Further analysis revealed higher temperatures slightly decrease CO2 adsorption capacity, while increasing pressure enhances it. Conversely, elevated flow rates reduce breakthrough time, indicating a trade-off between adsorption capacity and capture efficiency.

Research on mercury re-release model in wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) in coal-fired power plants

Mercury (Hg), a toxic heavy metal, has triggered regulations for emission control from coal-fired power plants. It has been found that mercury re-release occurs in WFGD slurry, which is affected by WFGD process parameters. The coal co-combustion with bromide technology proves to be an efficient approach for enhancing mercury removal ratio but the accumulation of introduced bromine in WFGD slurry would impact the re-emission behavior of mercury significantly. Model study is efficient method to reveal the physicochemical processes in WFGD systems. However, previous model studies were carried out under Hg2+ contained simulated slurry systems without consideration of Hg2+ transformation process from gas to liquid phase, and co-combustion with bromide technology was not considered. Here, a model which encompasses droplets motion sub-model, gas–liquid heat transfer sub-model, gas–liquid mass transfer sub-model and the mercury re-release kinetic sub-model is developed and validated against experimental data. The effects of bromine concentration, slurry temperature, pH value and S(IV) concentration were investigated. It was found that introduced bromine has significant inhibitory effects on the re-release of mercury. When the slurry temperature is higher, the absorption rate of Hg2+ is lower and more Hg0 is released. Moreover, the increase in the slurry pH value and S(IV) concentration has certain inhibitory effects on the re-release of Hg0 in WFGD. Above all, the developed model has high prediction accuracy for the absorption of Hg2+ and the re-release of Hg0 in WFGD which is expected to be beneficial for guiding the operation of WFGD systems.

Catalytic Co-oxidation of Dichloromethane and non-chlorinated VOC over HxPO4-RuOx/CeO2, Pt/HZSM-5 and dry-mixed Ru-Pt Catalysts

Industrial flue gases contain chlorinated VOCs (CVOCs) and hydrocarbons, along with various contaminants. Although previous studies have primarily focused on the catalytic oxidation of individual VOCs, the activity of VOCs in mixtures often differs from that of individual compounds. The catalytic oxidation of dichloromethane in the presence of a second VOC (ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and toluene) was investigated using HxPO4-RuOx/CeO2, Pt/HZSM-5, and dry-mixed Pt-Ru catalysts. The dry-mixed catalyst combines the excellent dechlorination ability of HxPO4-RuOx/CeO2 with the oxidation capability of Pt/HZSM-5. A mixture of 1000 ppm toluene and 100 ppm dichloromethane is fully oxidized over the Ru-Pt catalyst at 300 °C, 30 °C lower than the T100 observed on the other two catalysts. DFT calculation reveals that the activation of toluene and dichloromethane occurs on Pt and Ru sites, respectively, dechlorinated by proton of phosphate. Furthermore, by-product dioxin content on Pt-Ru is significantly below 0.1ng TEQ Nm-3 limit.

Synthesis and Optimization of 3D Porous Polymers for Efficient CO2 Capture and H2 Storage

In this study, a new porous organic polymer (KFUPM-CO2) with intrinsic nitrogen atoms as active sites for CO2 capture was optimized and synthesized via Friedel-Crafts alkylation of triptycene and 2,2-bipyridine. The porous polymer shows a high surface area of 1100 m2/g with a tuned microporosity of less than 1.2 nm, confirmed by NLDFT. KFUPM-CO2 showed a remarkable CO2 sorption capacity of 5.6 mmol/g at 273 K, 3.2 mmol/g at 298 K, and a pressure of 760 mmHg. KFUPM-CO2 showed a high enthalpy of adsorption of 43.7 kJ/mol for CO2 with IAST selectivity of CO2/N2 of 127 at 273 K and 97 at 298 K on simulated flue gas composition. Additionally, KFUPM-CO2 exhibited an H2 storage capacity of 1.5 wt. % at 77 K and 860 mmHg. Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations further revealed that KFUPM-CO2 was mainly stabilized by π-π intra-molecular interactions, and exhibited strong van der Waals attractions to CO2 molecules via the pyridyl nitrogen atoms, resulting in the rapid uptake. The combined advantages of binding 2,2-bipyridine with triptycene provided a robust porous polymer with abundant nitrogen sites, permanent porosity, and thermal stability, rendering KFUPM-CO2 an excellent candidate for CO2 capture and H2 storage technologies.

Impact of CO2 as an oxidant on the decarburization and chromium retention and an approach for CO2 recycling

This study explores the unique role of CO2 as an oxidant in stainless steel smelting, focusing on its effectiveness in decarbonization and chromium retention. The research begins by theoretically demonstrating that although the introduction of CO2 increases the CO partial pressure in the reaction system, the decarburization and chromium (Cr) retention capabilities of CO2 can still be stably maintained through the rational adjustment of the molten steel composition, temperature, and inert gas proportions. Further experimental findings indicate that chromium does not exhibit significant oxidation losses when the carbon (C) content exceeds 1.0% (mass). Finally, a novel CO2 recovery and utilization approach is proposed, integrating CO2 capture from smelting flue gas and recycling it for smelting, reducing O2 consumption and energy costs. This innovative process, compatible with existing smelting plants, presents a promising pathway towards carbon neutrality in the iron and steel industry, bridging theoretical insights with practical applications.

Efficient low-temperature CO removal from high-humidity sintering flue gas by combination Cu and OMS-2

The non-precious metal manganese-based catalysts currently show insufficient CO catalytic oxidation performance in actual sintering flue gas conditions, with increased water vapor levels causing catalyst deactivation. This study utilized a high-performance manganese dioxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2). The effect of metal doping on the catalytic CO oxidation performance was investigated in preparing OMS-2 using the co-precipitation method. The experiments showed that Cu doping increased CO conversion efficiency more than other metals (Co, Ag, Zn, and Fe), with optimal performance achieved at a 1.91 wt% doping level. Besides, Cu doping significantly enhanced water resistance of the catalyst, enabling effective CO removal in high-humidity conditions. The study observed that Cu ions infiltrated the catalyst framework by substituting some of the Mn ions, creating additional active sites in the form of oxygen vacancies and improving surface oxygen mobility, thereby enhancing the performance of CO catalytic oxidation. Furthermore, Cu doping demonstrated selective absorption of water vapor, with CuxO in the catalyst, effectively adsorbing water vapor and protecting the initial active sites, thereby mitigating water vapor-induced poisoning. Even in 15 vol% H2O at 150 °C, 1.91%Cu-OMS-2 maintained total catalytic activity. Therefore, the co-precipitation method-prepared 1.91%Cu-OMS-2 catalyst holds excellent potential for CO removal in sintering flue gas and shows promise for practical applications.

Development and application of carbon dioxide direct mineralization technology and emission reduction device

Abstract This study analyzes the principles and methods of carbon dioxide mineralization fixation to address the challenges posed by global climate and ecological changes, achieve carbon neutrality goals, and solve carbon utilization issues in the development of the fluorosilicon new material industry. The research focuses on the direct mineralization reaction system of carbon dioxide flue gas and the development of a carbon dioxide emission reduction device utilizing wet mineralized gas treatment technology. To implement alkaline waste management for industrial solid waste. The research shows that the wet carbon dioxide mineralization and emission reduction device can make the alkaline solution better mineralize carbon dioxide, avoid the gas discharge too fast and affect the reaction rate. At the same time, the solution is mixed and the exhaust linkage is carried out to further improve the reaction rate, and provide a reference for the development of large-scale carbon dioxide utilization technology suitable for high energy consumption industries.

Effect of chlorobenzene on the performance of NH3-SCR over Mn6Co4Ox catalyst

The simultaneous removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in NH3-SCR units can simplify the flue gas treatment process and has great potential for economic and environmental benefits. Mn-based catalysts have shown excellent performance in NOx/chlorobenzene (CB) synergistic removal, however, the mechanism of CB influence on NH3-SCR is not clear till now. In this paper, the impact of CB on the performance of NH3-SCR over Mn6Co4Ox catalysts is investigated in detail. The findings demonstrate that while the presence of CB clearly inhibits the adsorption of NH3 and NO, the Cl-produced during CB breakdown can actually promote the adsorption of them. In addition, the emission of N2O and NO2 in the NH3-SCR reaction with CB participation was significantly reduced, and the N2 selectivity was significantly improved at the same time. The impact of CB on the NH3-SCR reaction pathway under 250 ℃ was explored using in situ DRIFT further. It showed that the NH3-SCR reaction on the Mn6Co4Ox catalyst was found to follow both the Eley − Rideal (E-R) and Langmuir − Hinshelwood (L-H) mechanisms. The presence of CB in the reaction accelerated the rate of the nitrate reaction, hindered the synthesis of M−NO2 nitro compounds, and enhanced the generation of the intermediate product-NH2 for the improvement of the NH3-SCR reaction. Conversely, the slow deactivation of the Mn6Co4Ox catalysts could be attributed to the by-products of CB decomposition and the unfavorable accumulation of MnClx or CoClx on the catalyst surface, which inhibited the NH3-SCR reaction.