Floating Drug Delivery System Research Articles

Floating drug delivery systems: A review

To boost medication bioavailability, target the stomach mucosa, and lengthen gastric residence time, a multi-unit oral floating drug delivery system was created. Due to their potential to enhance drug delivery, floating tablets have become more significant in pharmaceutical formulation. In the upper GIT, where the environment is acidic, tablets absorbs poorly. The bioavailability shows 50% when administer orally. An H2-receptor antagonist called tablets is frequently prescribed to treat gastrointestinal issues brought on by excess stomach acid. With the right excipients and polymers, floating tablets are meant to float on the contents of stomach Over an extended length of time, extending medication release and bioavailability. This review examines the advantages, disadvantages, and in vitro or in-vivo evaluation of famotidine floating tablets with an emphasis on their potential to improve treatment outcomes and patient compliance.

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CLINDAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY

The Clindamycin Hydrochloride is a broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic. It is mainly used to treatment of bacterial infections. It is a suitable candidate for controlled release administration due to its short elimination time 1 hours. The main aim of present investigation is to increase the gastric residence time by preparing floating drug delivery by using raft forming approach thereby improving bioavailability. The prepared Clindamycin Hydrochloride floating drug delivery were evaluated for hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, drug content uniformity, total floating time, In-vitro dissolution studies and buoyancy lag time. Floating tablets were formulated using direct compression technique. Various polymers are used in the formulation they Micro crystalline cellulose used as binder, HPMC K15M, Guargum used as hydrophilic polymers, Chitosan, Sodium bicarbonate was incorporated as an effervescent substance, Sodium alginate used as viscous gel forming agent, Magnesium streate used as lubrication, talc was used as diluent. The formulated Clindamycin Hydrochloride tablet to be evaluated the following parameters as follow Weight variation (mg), Hardness, Thickness, Friability, Drug content uniformity, Floating lag time, the in vitro cumulative amount of drug released was shown the F4 is 99% within 12 Hours the comparative studies with marketed formulations F4 show the better results. In vitro release rate studies showed that the maximum drug release was observed F4 formulation up to 12 hours. KEYWORDS: Clindamycin Hydrochloride, Direct compression, Floating drug delivery system.

Formulation and Evaluation of Floating Microspheres

Gastro-retentive dosage forms have potential for use as controlled- release drug delivery systems. Gastro retentive floating drug delivery systems have a bulk density lower than that of gastric fluids and thus increase residence time of drug in stomach and provide controlled delivery of many drugs. The aim of the present study is formulation and characterization of floating microspheres using model drug. Floating microspheres were prepared by oil-in-water emulsion solvent evaporation technique using ethyl cellulose as release retarding polymers. The floating microspheres were evaluated for percentage yield (%), particle size, drug content, drug entrapment efficiency, in-vitro floating ability and in-vitro drug release studies. The surface morphology of prepared microspheres was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The microspheres were found to be spherical in shape and porous in nature. Compatibility studies were performed by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) technique. The prepared microspheres showed prolonged drug release of 12 h and remain buoyant for more than 12 h. In-vitro release kinetics were studied in different release kinetics models like zero order, first order model. It was concluded that developed floating microspheres offers a suitable and practical approach for prolonged release of drug over an extended period of time and thus oral bioavailability, efficacy and patient compliance is improved

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Magnetic Floating Dosage Form by Alternating Current Biosusceptometry.

Floating controlled systems seek to extend the gastric retention time (GRT) of solid pharmaceutical forms by sustaining buoyancy in the stomach without affecting gastric emptying rates. This investigation aimed to evaluate a magnetic floating drug delivery system (MFDDS) under diverse physiological conditions (pressure and viscosity) using an Alternating Current Biosusceptometry (ACB) system by conducting assessments in vitro and in vivo. For in vitro experiments, MFDDSs were placed under different pressures (760, 910, and 1060 mmHg) and viscosities (1, 50, 120, and 320 mPa·s) for evaluation of floating lag time (FLT). For in vivo experiments, eight healthy volunteers participated in two phases (fasting and fed) for gastric parameters (GRT, FLT, and OCTT-orocaecal transit time) assessment, employing the ACB system. The results indicated that pressure, viscosity, and FLT were directly proportional in the in vitro assay; in addition, increases in the OCTT (fasting = 241.9 ± 18.7; fed = 300 ± 46.4), GRT (fasting = 139.4 ± 25.3; fed = 190.2 ± 47.7), and FLT (fasting = 73.1 ± 16.9; fed = 107.5 ± 29.8) were detected in vivo. Our study emphasizes that the ACB system is a valuable technique, and it is capable of tracking and imaging MFDDS in in vitro and in vivo experiments.

A Comprehensive Review on Floating Drug Delivery System

The category of gastroretentive drug delivery systems (GRDDS) includes floating drug delivery systems (FDDS). These dose formulations are intended to extend the duration of the stomach's residence period by a sustained release technique. Drugs which are harder to dissolve in high pH environments have improved bioavailability and solubility when incorporated into GRDDS. Reduced intestinal absorption of solid dose forms can be accomplished by the flotation mechanism. The novel fusion of bilayer and floating mechanism is demonstrated by the bilayer floating drug delivery device. It demonstrates the effective creation of a controlled release formulation. Bilayer floating tablets offer a sustained release layer formulation in addition to an immediate release. A attempt was made to explain the mechanism of FDDS, or floating bilayer, in the review. In order to accomplish regulated administration of various medications with predetermined release profiles, bi-layer tablets were developed. The pharmaceutical industry has been more interested in creating bilayer tablets over the past ten years as a way to improve patient compliance and convenience by combining two or more API in a single dose form.

Preparation & Characterization of Sustained-release Floating Microsphere of Digestive Enzymes

Introduction: Pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme which is widely used as a digestive aid. Its dose is 300 mg - 1 gm per day in divided doses. Its biological half-life is around 3.5 hrs. Pepsin is active only in the acidic pH of the stomach; its activity decreases tremendously in the basic pH. So, it is required to retain in the stomach for maximum proteolytic activity. The goal of the current effort is to develop and assess an oral controlled floating drug delivery system for pepsin that will shorten its stay in the stomach and result in a longer effect. Methods: The 12-hour sustained effect of pepsin floating microspheres was planned. This also improves the stability of the Pepsin by immobilizing them on the microsphere. Pepsin is widely used in chronic gastritis, so developing a floating drug delivery system is therefore necessary. In light of the aforementioned principles, a critical need for the creation of a dosage form to administer Pepsin in the stomach and boost the enzyme's effectiveness, enabling sustained action, was identified. The current study used a methodical strategy to create floating microspheres of Pepsin dosage forms. Results: Optimization was done for floating ability, yield, entrapment efficiency, and release study using different concentrations of ethylcellulose & HPMC E4M. For parameter optimization and to demonstrate the significant impact of variables, 32 full factorial designs were used. The manufactured microspheres had good encapsulation rates, excellent floating, & excellent micromeritic properties as single-unit dosage forms. Conclusion: It has been demonstrated that pepsin prepared as floating microspheres can be used to improve proteolytic activity and extend pepsin's gastric residence.

Formulation and evaluation of floating tablet of nimesulide by direct compression method

Nimesulide has been used versatile on fever, pain, inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, tendinitis, thrombophlebitis and trauma. Common drawbacks of conventional tablet dosage forms of nimesulide show an irritant effect on the stomach due to its weakly acidic nature along it has short duration of action leading to poor bioavailability. A Floating drug delivery system for Nimesulide leads to overcoming the problem related to an irritant on the stomach by avoiding direct contact with the mucosa. Thus, this study was designed and performed to formulate and evaluate the floating tablet of Nimesulide and determine the release pattern of the prepared formulation. Tablets were prepared by direct compression method using different polymers (HPMC, carbopol, and guar gum), either in an individual or in combination. The formulation blend was subjected to various pre-formulation and post-formulation studies including floating lag time, total floating time, hardness, friability, drug content, weight uniformity, and in-vitro dissolution. According to pre- pre-formulation study, the flow property was found to be good to passable. Similarly, all post-compression parameters of floating tablets were found to be within acceptable limits except the friability test of F1 and F2 formulations. The tablet’s floating lag time was determined to be in the range of 7-153.5 seconds, and the total floating time was in the range of 4-7 hrs. From the data of dissolution, carbopol showed a slower release of drugs than that of HPMC and guar gum. The use of carbopol as a floating polymer showed release of drugs from dosage form was 84.46% in 7 hrs and 99.10% in 3 hrs with the use of HPMC, 96.39% in 4 hrs with the use of guar gum. A combination of HPMC and guar gum released drugs in a slow release of drugs only for 3 hrs i.e. 98.02% in 3 hrs, the combination of carbopol and HPMC slowly released drugs for 6 hrs i.e. 90.43% in 6 hrs, and the combination of carbopol and guar gum showed maximum slow release of drugs for greater than 7 hrs i.e.74.16% in 7hrs. Hence, among all the formulations, F7 with the combination of carbopol and guar gum as polymer showed a maximum slowed release effect for greater than 7 hrs, which can be taken as the best batch.

Design and Evaluation of Ginkgolides Gastric Floating Controlled Release Tablets Based on Solid Supersaturated Self-nanoemulsifying.

Ginkgolides are receptor antagonist of platelet activating factor with great clinical prospect, but its application is limited by its low solubility, short half-life and poor alkaline environment stability. It is difficult to solve these problems with a single drug delivery system. In this study, supersaturated self-nanoemulsifying gastric floating tablets of ginkgolides were developed through the combination of solid supersaturated self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (solid S-SNEDDS) and gastric retentive floating drug delivery system (GFDDS) to solve these problems of ginkgolides. Solid S-SNEDDS was prepared by D-optimal mixture design, normalization method and single factor experiment. The properties of solid-S-SNEDDS were studied by TEM, PXRD, FT-IR, SEM and in vitro drug release profile. Then, the optimal formulation of stomach floating tablet was obtained through single factor experiment and center composite design, followed by the study of in vitro release, model and mechanism of release, in vitro buoyancy and kinetics of erosion and swelling. PXRD and FT-IR showed that the drug in solid S-SNEDDS existed in an amorphous manner and formed hydrogen bond with excipients. The results showed that the cumulative release of GA and GB in the optimal tablets was 96.12% and 92.57% higher than the simple tablets within 12 h. The release mechanism of the tablet was skeleton erosion and drug diffusion. In 12 h, the optimal tablets can float stably in vitro and release the drug at a constant rate, with a cumulative release of more than 80%. In summary, the combination of SNEDDS and GFDDS is a promising means to solve the problems of ginkgolides.

Development and Evaluation of Eplerenone Microbeads as Floating Drug Delivery System using Design of Experiment

The present study was designed to formulate floating microbeads of eplerenone for decreasing dosing frequency and increasing gastric residence. The floating properties of the gastric juice were used to control the stomach stay time. Eplerenone was selected as a model bioactive which is used in lowering blood pressure by loading into floating microspheres was designed by using polymer ethyl cellulose and solvent ratio (Dichloromethane: methanol), keeping. The floating microbeads were studied for their drug entrapment efficiency, shape, percentage yield, and particle size, surface morphology, in-vitro drug release studies, percentage buoyancy, and formulation stability studies. Dichloromethane we used (DCM) as a constant and stirred them for hours. The study showed that fluid evaporation can be used to make floating microbeads that contain eplerenone. This method can be used to successfully make eplerenone-loaded floating microbeads. The study showed that making floating eplerenone microbeads with controlled release is a good way to cut down on how often you have to take your medicine.

In-vitro Evaluation and Optimization of Sacubitril and Valsartan Floating Tablet using Natural Polymer

Oral systems have become gradually extensive for human consumption because of their numerous advantages, such as formulation efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and patient safety compliance. These systems offer a versatile platform for controlled drug release, allowing precise targeting of absorption site in the gastrointestinal tract. Accomplishing ideal therapeutic results for certain medications often requires precise control of drug release at specific locations within the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, our goal was to create a floating drug delivery system for two vital cardiovascular medications, sacubitril and valsartan. Our specific objectives were to extend floating time, prolong stomach residency, and reduce floating lag time. The strategy involved harnessing the synergistic potential of natural polymers in optimal proportions to enhance drug activity. Following the principles of quality by design (QbD), we systematically explored various formulation factors to optimize the drug delivery system. Analysis of tablet characteristics revealed significant variations in key parameters, such as swelling index, floating lag time (FLT), total floating time (TFT), and drug content for both sacubitril and valsartan. The enhanced formulation (F12) stood out with a remarkable swelling index of 93.4%, a floating lag time of 6.7 seconds, and an impressive total floating time of 12 hours. Furthermore, high drug content percentages were achieved, with sacubitril at 98.70% and valsartan at 94.65%. The successful development and optimization of the floating tablet formulation carry substantial clinical implications. The extended gastric retention, controlled drug release, and high drug content of the optimized formulation suggest enhanced bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy for both sacubitril and valsartan. The prolonged total floating time offers convenience to patients, potentially improving medication adherence in managing cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, this study highlights the formulation and optimization of floating tablets as a noteworthy advancement in drug delivery technology, promising improved therapeutic outcomes and enhanced patient convenience.

Formulation and Evaluation of Azithromycin Dihydrate Based In situ Gel as Floating Drug Delivery System

Floating Drug Delivery Systems have been used to overcome some of the problems like low oral absorption of drugs with narrow absorption window as it has an advantage of sustained release of drugs over a prolonged period of time. In-situ gels are the novel approach in the context of floating drug delivery systems. The aim of this present study was to develop an oral stomach specific floating in-situ gel of Azithromycin dihydrate. In-situ gelling system was prepared by dissolving different concentrations of polymers like sodium alginate, xanthan gum in the de-ionized water already prepared with sodium citrate at 60°C to 90°C. After the heating with continuous stirring the formulation was cooled below the temperature of 40°C with the addition of certain amount of drug and calcium carbonate which acts as gas generating agent. All the formulations showed pH in the range of 6.1 to 6.7, drug content was found to be in the range of 97.29% to 99.27%. Floating lag time was less than 1 minute for all the formulations and the duration of floatation was more than 24 hours for the combination of polymers. Appearance and measurement of water uptake by the gel was also good. Stability studies were also done and was found to be at normal phase at different temperatures and at interval of times. Although, F9 showed the maximum properties of an in-situ gel with increased gastric retention time with low slowly release of the drug. Drug release was found to be decreasing as the concentration of polymer increases. However, it was concluded that the in-situ gelling system of Azithromycin dihydrate could be prepared in various concentrations of different polymers and the combination of polymers to increase the patient compliance and reduction in the frequency of dosing of the drug with the increased gastric residence time for the drug in the stomach.

Formulation and Characterization of Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System of Teneligliptin

The aim of the study is an attempt to prepare and characterize the Teneligliptin floating tablets. Drugs having a short half life are eliminated quickly from the blood circulation. Several controlled delivery systems have been designed which can overcome the problems of unpredictable gastric emptying due to physiological problems and presence of food and also release the drug to maintain its plasma concentration for a longer period of time. The Teneligliptin a orally administered of BCS class-2 drug, which has low solubility and high permeability, which is widely use in the management of type 2 diabetes, is an oral anti- hyperglycemic agent, shows incomplete absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and from the gastrointestinal track and absolute bioavailability is 40-70%. This has to development of oral gastro retentive floating dosage forms.Teneligliptin is a DPP4 inhibitor and is to exert its mechanism of action on management of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Teneligliptin is poorly soluble in acidic environment and hence the absorption of drug to diabetic patient is slow due to this gastric motility and emptying capacity.Thus it can be converted into a suitable dosage form like Floating Drug Delivery System. Around 10 formulations were prepared and are characterized by various pre compression and post compression evaluation studies. The preformulation results of Angle of repose, Bulkdensity, Tapped density, Compressibility index, and Hausner’s ratio were found to be within pharmacopoeial limit.The post compression evaluation results of all formulation were within the pharmacopeial limit. The present study revealed that the Teneligliptin can be formulated to enhance the bioavailability which can reduce the frequency of dose.

Preparation and evaluation of floating drug delivery system (fdds) containing an antiviral drug

Acyclovir, an antiviral drug has low oral bioavailability of about 15-30%. It shows more absorption in the upper gastro intestinal tract. The main objective is to evaluate the potential of floating alginate beads as a drug carrier for acyclovir to prolong gastric residence time of drug in its absorption window. Floating beads were prepared from sodium alginate solution containing CaCO3 as gas-forming agent using Ionotropic gelation method. To overcome the limitation of drug leaching during preparation and to have improved sustained release characteristics, alginate beads were prepared with the addition of polymers like Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K4M), Eudragit RL 100 and Xanthan gum. Beads were also prepared by using Pectin (polyelectrolyte) containing cross linking solution. The compatibility of drug with the polymer was confirmed through the FT-IR studies. The prepared beads were evaluated for percentage drug loading, entrapment efficiency, surface morphology and in vitro release characteristics to know the effect of addition of these polymers to alginate solution and the addition of Pectin to cross linking solution. Pectin treated beads prepared with Xanthan gum & Pectin not only showed improved percentage drug loading but also exhibited sustained drug release in the pH 1.2. So these floating alginate beads may act as a promising carrier for acyclovir to improve its oral bioavailability.

Formulation and evaluation of floating controlled drug delivery of anti-ulcer drug loaded microballoons

An attempt has been made to develop floating drug delivery system for improving the drug bioavailability by prolongation of gastric residence time of Famotidine in the stomach. The floating microballoons were prepared using polymer Eudragit RS100, HPMC K100M and Ethyl Cellulose. Famotidine was used as the model drug. Nine formulations (F1 to F9) were prepared by varying the ratio of polymers. The prepared Famotidine loaded micro balloons were characterized for percentage yield, particle size analysis, surface morphology, micromeritic properties, drug entrapment efficiency, buoyancy studies and in-vitro drug release. The formulated micro balloons were free flowing. The micro balloons with Eudragit RS100 showed higher buoyancy when compared with HPMC K100M and Ethyl Cellulose. On the basis of micromeritic properties, particle size, percentage yield, morphology, buoyancy study, drug entrapment, optimum in-vitro drug release and satisfactory release kinetics, formulation F2 was selected as an optimum formulation

Formulation Development and Evaluation of Floating Microspheres of Curcumin

Purpose – There are several approaches that have been developed in order to increase the gastric residence time (GRT) floating drug delivery system is one of them. Floating microspheres improve the bioavailability and releasing for long period of time. In the current investigation curcumin floating microspheres are being developed to extend the drug release. Method - Emulsion solvent evaporation approach is used for development of floating microspheres by using Eudragit RS100, HPMC K100, Ethyl Cellulose as polymers. Acetone and Ethanol was used as a solvent in a ratio of 10:5. Stirring speed of mechanical stirrer was 900rpm. Result - There was no reaction between the drug and excipients according to FTIR analysis. The developed microspheres have virtually spherical shapes and particle size range was between 200 - 420µm. The effectiveness of the drug entrapment was found between 60 - 98.4%. It was found that the buoyancy was between 70 - 92%. The in-vitro drug release was found to be 99.5 of batch 15. The developed microspheres indicated prolonged drug release of 12hrs. The optimized batch was B15. Conclusion - According to results of the research, developing gastro-retentive floating microspheres of curcumin using the emulsion solvent evaporation method with HPMC K100, Eudragit RS100, and ethyl cellulose is a promising method.

In vitro alcohol induced dose dumping studies for Quetiapine fumarate floating drug delivery systems

Alcohol dose dumping can occur due to the solubility of the pharmaceutical excipients, the solubility of the drug, and the formulation’s drug release mechanism. Cellulosics are the most commonly used polymers in pharmaceutical controlled release technologies. The ethanol vulnerability of tablets made with HPMC K250, HPMC K750 and HPMC K1500 were investigated with the low soluble drug quetiapine fumarate. Quetiapine fumarate is an antipsychotic drug and it is suitable drug candidate for FDDS due to its solubility in low pH. HPMC K250, HPMC K750 and HPMC K1500 were used as a polymer matrix to control the release of quetiapine fumarate up to 24 hr. The quetiapine floating tablets were prepared by direct compression method. All the tablets were evaluated for the Pre-compression and post Compression Parameter. In-vitro dissolution study was done in Normal Dissolution Media, 0.1N Hcl and also in 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% v/v hydro alcoholic media for up to 24 hrs. All HPMC K250, HPMC K750 and HPMC K1500 preparation did not fail in alcoholic media. From these studies it was concluded that the concern around alcohol dose dumping seems negligible for these polymers.

A Comprehensive Study of Floating Drug Delivery Systems: Current Trends and Future Prospects

In this review studies on FDDS are to collate the present written work with a particular study that states the principles & mechanism of floating of drugs to achieve bioavailability in gastric retention. This development of FDDS includes the physiological and formulation fluctuations that affect gastric retention, the process of designing single-unit to multiple-unit in floating systems, and the specification of formulation aspects included in that review study. This study reviews summates for laboratory techniques, and in animal studies in evaluating for performance and their functionating in floating systems. These systems are very helpful in resolving various faults that are triggered during the formulation development in the pharmaceutical dosage forms of FDDS.

Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Amlodipine Besylate Floating Tablets Using Different Polymers

Gastric-retentive amlodipine besylate effervescent tablets have been developed using a variety of hydrophilic polymers. Formulations were developed using different grades of different concentrations of polymer. H. HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100 and xanthan gum were used as polymeric substances. The formulated mixtures have been subjected to various pre-formulation studies and flow properties, and all formulations show that the powder mixtures have good flow properties. Among all formulations, drug release was delayed for the desired period, H. 12 hours, for the HPMC K100 formulation as a polymer. The dissolution data showed that formulations made with HPMC K100M and xanthan gum as the polymer sustained drug release for the desired period. H. 12 hours at a concentration of 150 mg. On the other hand, in formulations containing HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M as polymer failed to produce the desired drug release. Therefore, the floating drug delivery system of amlodipine using the appropriate amount of appropriate polymer can increase the activity of the drug by prolonging the gastric residence time or decreasing the floating lag time. Keywords: Gastric-retentive, amlodipine besylate, effervescent tablets, HPMC K4M

Formulation Development and Evaluation of Wax Incorporated Floating Beads of Dapagliflozin

Introduction: The current work's objectives are to build numerous floating drug delivery systems utilising various wax concentrations to prolong the release of dapagliflozin and to study the influence of sodium alginate on the system's buoyancy. Dapagliflozin is used as a anti diabetic drug which is used in treatment of type-2 diabetes.The goal of the study is to create sodium-based emulsion gel beads with wax incorporated utilising a modified emulsion-gelation process. Method: Emulsion gelation method used for preparation of floating beads. The Model drug was mixed with olive oil-containing sodium alginate wax before being hot-melted, homogenised, and then extruded into a calcium chloride solution. The manufactured Wax-incorporated Emulsion Gel Beads were analysed for Micromeritics investigations, entrapment efficacy, in-vitro buoyancy rate, and dissolution rate. Result: Several preformulation experiments, including bulk density, tapped density, and Carr's index, were within acceptable ranges, and highest drug release after 12 hours is 96.63% particularly for batch F2. Wax was added to the formulation to greatly extend the drug release; however, it was not enough to maintain the release of a highly water-soluble medication. Conclusion: It is possible to conclude that the usage of hydrophobic carriers such as waxes can be used to provide the desired sustained release effect. Oils and other low-density components were utilised to help the formulation's flotation. The study concluded that floating wax microspheres may use as medication carrier to prolong drug release.

Formulation Development and Characterization of Floating Drug Delivery System of Rosiglitazone Maleate

In the current study, wet granulation with various concentrations and combinations of excipients like magnesium stearate as a lubricant, talc as glident, DCP as diluent, and PVP K 30 as a binder successfully produced floating tablets of rosiglitazone maleate. These excipients included HPMC K15M, xanthan gum, sodium bicarbonate, and tartaric acid as gas-generating agents. We investigated every pre-compressional parameter, including angle of repose, bulk density, and Carr's index. Drug content, hardness, friability, weight fluctuation, in-vitro dissolving experiments, floating qualities, and stability investigations were performed on the compressed tablets. According to in-vitro experiments, the release time increases up to 6, 8, and 10 hours, respectively, as the content of HPMC K15M in formulations F1, F2, and F3 is raised. For formulations F4, F5, and F6, adding xanthan gum raised the release to 7, 9, and 11 hours, respectively. In formulations F7, F8, and F9, the release was found to be increased up to 8, 10, and 12 hours, respectively, with the addition of HPMC K 15 M and Xanthan gum. F9 was discovered to be the finest formulation since it could maintain release for up to 12 hours. All formulations displayed "n" value for Peppa's plot in the range of 0.45 to 0.89, demonstrating anomalous transport (non-Fickian diffusion) as the method of drug release. The improved formulation (F9) was demonstrated to be stable and intact without any contact over the course of 90 days.