Flexible Displays Research Articles

Metal Halide Nanocrystals@Silica Aerogel Composite with Enhanced Dispersion Stability and Light Output for Efficient X-Ray Imaging in Harsh Environment.

Metal halide nanocrystals (MHNCs) embedded in a polymer matrix as flexible X-ray detector screens is an effective strategy with the advantages of low cost, facile preparation, and large area flexibility. However, MHNCs easily aggregate during preparation, recombination, under mechanical force, storage, or high operating temperature. Meanwhile, it shows an unmatched refractive index with polymer, resulting in low light yield. The related stability and properties of the device remain a huge unrevealed challenge. Herein, a composite screen (CZBM@AG-PS) by integrating MHNCs (Cs2ZnBr4: Mn2+ as an example) into silica aerogel (AG) and embedded in polystyrene (PS) is successfully developed. Further characterization points to the high porosity AG template that can effectively improve the dispersion of MHNCs in polymer detector screens, essentially decreasing nonradiative transition, Rayleigh scattering, and performance aging induced by aggregation in harsh environments. Furthermore, the higher light output and lower optical crosstalk are also achieved by a novel light propagation path based on the MHNCs/AG and AG/PS interfaces. Finally, the optimized CZBM@AG-PS screen shows much enhanced light yield, spatial resolution, and temperature stability. Significantly, the strategy is proven universal by the performance tests of other MHNCs embedded composite films for ultra-stable and efficient X-ray imaging.

PopTouch: A Submillimeter Thick Dynamically Reconfigured Haptic Interface with Pressable Buttons.

The interactions with touchscreens rely heavily on vision: The virtual buttons and virtual sliders on a touchscreen provide no mechanical sense of the object they seek to represent. This work presents PopTouch: a 500µm thick flexible haptic display that creates pressable physical buttons on demand. PopTouch can be mounted directly on touchscreens or any other smooth surface, flat, or curved. The buttons of PopTouch are independently controlled hydraulically amplified electrostatic zipping taxels (tactile pixels) that generate 1.5mm of out of plane displacement. When pressed by the user, the buttons provide intuitive mechanical feedback thanks to a snap-through characteristic in their force-displacement profile. The snap-through threshold can be as high as 4 N, and is tuned by design and actuation parameters. This work presents two versions of PopTouch: a transparent PopTouch for integration on Touchscreens with built-in touch sensing, such as smartphones and a sensorized PopTouch, with embedded thin-film piezoelectric sensors on each taxel, for integration on substrates without built-in touch sensing, such as a steering wheel. PopTouch adds static and vibrating button-like haptics to any device thanks to its thin profile, flexibility, low power consumption (6mW per button), rapid refresh rate (2Hz), and freely configured array format.

The Effect of Poly Silicon Surface Roughness Reduction on LTPS Devices Applied to Flexible Displays

The Effect of Poly Silicon Surface Roughness Reduction on LTPS Devices Applied to Flexible Displays

Simplified Inverted Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes using Metal Foils as Both a Cathode and Substrate

We present inverted polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) that use stainless steel (STS) as both a substrate and cathode. By employing mechanical and chemical planarization techniques and depositing a ZnO electron injection layer, we significantly reduce the surface roughness of STS substrate from 170 nm to 0.9 nm in root-mean-square value, effectively mitigating leakage current in the devices. The introduction of a Cs2CO3 electron injection interlayer on the ZnO layer successfully reduces the workfunction and the electron injection barrier between STS and the emitting layer. For the semi-transparent top anode, we utilize a MoO3 (5 nm)/Ag (15 nm)/MoO3 (45 nm) structure, which exhibits 70% transparency at a wavelength of 550 nm. The fabricated inverted PLED s on STS demonstrate a current efficiency of 3.3 cd/A and a maximum luminance of 2,450 cd/m2, and show uniform light emission under bending in air. This demonstration shows the potential of utilizing metal foils for the development of flexible and air-stable PLEDs, opening up their possibilities for future applications in flexible display technology.

Colorless transparent and thermally stable terphenyl polyimides with various small side groups for substrate application

Advances in flexible display technology, especially, under-screen camera and on-board display, have created an urgent need for high-temperature stable and colorless transparent polyimide (CPI), but meeting both properties at the same time is a huge challenge in molecular design. In this work, a series of rigid p-terphenylenediamines with different small side groups were synthesized, and the corresponding polyimides (PI-1 ∼ PI-15) were prepared by polymerization with 5,5′-(Perfluoropropane-2,2-diyl) bis(isobenzofuran-1,3-dione) (6FDA) and 9,9-Bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)fluorene dianhydride (BPAF) as dianhydrides. The conformation and steric hindrance of terphenyl-based polyimide chains were affected by the type (-H, -F, -CF3, -CH3), number and substitution position of the small side groups. This feature could be used to regulate transparency and heat resistance of polyimides. Consequently, the rigid terphenyl polyimides with an average transmittance ranging from 79 to 89% in the visible region and the glass transition temperature (Tg) ranging from 339 to 458 °C were successfully obtained. PI-11 and PI-15 containing both -CH3 side groups and -CF3 side groups exhibited excellent comprehensive performance, with a yellowness index (YI) of 1.53 and 5.95, a Tg of 420 and 436 °C, a tensile strength of 148 and 164 MPa, respectively. The strategy of side-group-regulated terphenyl polyimides provides a way for designing multi-aromatic CPIs with high thermal stability and good transparency for photoelectric engineering.

Highly Efficient Stable Luminescent Radical-Based X-ray Scintillator.

Stable luminescent radicals are open-shell emitters with unique doublet emission characteristics. This feature makes stable luminescent radicals exhibit widespread application prospects in constructing optical, electrical, and magnetic materials. In this work, a stable luminescent radical-based X-ray scintillator of AuPP-1.0 was prepared, which exhibited a high X-ray excited luminescence (XEL) efficiency as well as excellent stability. A mechanism study showed that the heavy atom of Au in AuPP-1.0 endowed it with effective absorption of X-rays, and the doublet emission characteristics of AuPP-1.0 significantly increased its exciton utilization rate in the radioluminescence process. Moreover, AuPP-1.0 has good processability to fabricate a flexible screen for high-quality X-ray imaging, whose resolution can reach 20 LP mm-1. This work demonstrates that the doublet emission is beneficial for improving the exciton utilization rate of radioluminescence, providing a brand-new strategy for the construction of high-performance X-ray scintillators.

Efficient Visible‐Light‐Activated Ultra‐Long Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Triggered by Multi‐Esterification

AbstractThe development of ultra‐long room‐temperature phosphorescence (UL‐RTP) in processable amorphous organic materials is highly desirable for applications in flexible displays, anti‐counterfeiting, and bio‐imaging. However, achieving efficient UL‐RTP from amorphous materials remains a challenging task, especially with activation by visible light and a bright afterglow. Here we report a general and rational molecular‐design strategy to enable efficient visible‐light‐excited UL‐RTP by multi‐esterification of a rigid large‐plane phosphorescence core. Notably, multi‐esterification minimizes the aggregation‐induced quenching and accomplishes a ′four birds with one stone′ possibility in the generation and radiation process of UL‐RTP: i) shifting the excitation from ultraviolet light to blue‐light through enhancing the transition dipole moment of low‐lying singlet‐states, ii) facilitating the intersystem crossing process through the incorporation of lone‐pair electrons, iii) boosting the decay process of long‐lived triplet excitons resulting from a significantly increased transition dipole moment, and iv) reducing the intrinsic triplet nonradiative decay by substitution of high‐frequency vibrating hydrogen atoms. All these factors synergistically contribute to the most efficient and stable visible‐light‐stimulated UL‐RTP (lifetime up to 2.01 s and efficiency up to 35.4 % upon excitation at 450 nm) in flexible films using multi‐esterified coronene, which allows high‐tech applications in single‐component time‐delayed white light‐emitting diodes and information technology based on flashlight‐activated afterglow encryption.

Efficient Visible-Light-Activated Ultra-Long Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Triggered by Multi-Esterification.

The development of ultra-long room-temperature phosphorescence (UL-RTP) in processable amorphous organic materials is highly desirable for applications in flexible displays, anti-counterfeiting, and bio-imaging. However, achieving efficient UL-RTP from amorphous materials remains a challenging task, especially with activation by visible light and a bright afterglow. Here we report a general and rational molecular-design strategy to enable efficient visible-light-excited UL-RTP by multi-esterification of a rigid large-plane phosphorescence core. Notably, multi-esterification minimizes the aggregation-induced quenching and accomplishes a 'four birds with one stone' possibility in the generation and radiation process of UL-RTP: i) shifting the excitation from ultraviolet light to blue-light through enhancing the transition dipole moment of low-lying singlet-states, ii) facilitating the intersystem crossing process through the incorporation of lone-pair electrons, iii) boosting the decay process of long-lived triplet excitons resulting from a significantly increased transition dipole moment, and iv) reducing the intrinsic triplet nonradiative decay by substitution of high-frequency vibrating hydrogen atoms. All these factors synergistically contribute to the most efficient and stable visible-light-stimulated UL-RTP (lifetime up to 2.01 s and efficiency up to 35.4 % upon excitation at 450 nm) in flexible films using multi-esterified coronene, which allows high-tech applications in single-component time-delayed white light-emitting diodes and information technology based on flashlight-activated afterglow encryption.

UV irradiation assisted low-temperature process for thin film transistor performance improvement of praseodymium-doped indium zinc oxide

Flexible displays have developed rapidly in recent years, low-temperature process to produce high performance amorphous oxide semiconductor devices are significant for the wide application of low-cost flexible display. In this work, praseodymium-doped indium zinc oxide semiconductor deposited by vacuum sputtering was irradiated with UV light before low-temperature thermal annealing. The treated semiconductor retains its characteristics of amorphous and high transparency to visible light. The carrier concentration and oxygen-related defects of the PrIZO films were significant changed under the superposition of UV irradiation and thermal annealing, the effects of UV light and thermal annealing can be well superimposed. The PrIZO-TFT that have been thermally annealed at 200 °C for 1 h after irradiated by UV light with power density of 175 mW cm−2 for 1800 s exhibit an optimal performance (μ sat of 12.34 cm2 V−1·s−1, I on/I off of 3.8 × 108, V th of 0.7 V, SS of 0.15 V/decade) and stability. The device performance broadens the application prospect of AOS TFT in low-cost flexible display.

Investigating the influence of mono-, di-, and trivalent co-dopants (Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Bi3+) on the photoluminescent properties and their prospective role in data security applications for SrAl2O4:Tb3+ nanophosphors synthesized via an eco-friendly combustion method

Nanostructured SrAl2O4:Tb3+/M (M = Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Bi3+) green nanophosphors (NPs) were synthesized through an environmentally friendly combustion process, employing Areca nut (A.N) as a sustainable fuel source. Alkali metal co-dopants were introduced to optimize luminescent intensity and assess their suitability for data security applications. Photoluminescence (PL) intensity increased with rising Tb3+ concentrations (1–5 mol %) until reaching a maximum at 3 mol %, after which quenching occurred. The phenomenon of Tb3+ concentration quenching at 3 mol % was explained using the Van Uitert equation, which accounts for dipole–dipole interactions. To enhance luminescence efficiency, various metal ions, including Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Bi3+, were explored. Notably, SrAl2O4:Tb3+ (SAO:Tb3+) co-doped with Li+ ions exhibited the highest PL intensity, surpassing that of Tb3+ by a factor of 41. The estimated CIE value for green emission are x = 0.3541 and y = 0.5562. It is observed that the CIE coordinates of Tb3+ activated SAO NPs are situated in the green region. The CCT value of SAO:Tb3+/Li+ was found to be 5117 K, which is useful for cool LEDs. The Li+ doped samples proved exceptionally effective in latent fingerprints (LFPs) detection, revealing level I-III ridge features crucial for personal identification. Under NUV light, the PDMS wrapping of the SAO:Tb3+/Li+ NPs accomplished a green glow. Based on the results, SAO:Tb3+/Li+ green-emitting phosphors is a promising material for white LEDs, optical temperature sensors, and flexible display applications. This comprehensive study underscores the outstanding multifunctional potential of Li+ co-dopants among the various ions considered.

Enhancing the mechanical and dielectric properties of high thermally stable polyimides via a crosslinkable bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride monomer

Polyimides (PIs) have attracted great attention because of their excellent properties and applications in areas such as flexible display substrates, microelectronics, and integrated circuits. The effects of crosslinking on the thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties of PIs, however, still require further investigation. In this work, we introduce a crosslinkable monomer, bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (BTA), which contains double bonds, into the system consisting of cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (CBDA) and 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) for the synthesis of PI films. The obtained PIs are further crosslinked by free radical reactions using a crosslinking agent, 1,3,5-triallyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione (TAIC) to form three crosslinked PI materials, PI-TAIC-5%, PI-TAIC-10%, and PI-TAIC-15%. The resulting all three crosslinked PI films exhibit excellent thermal properties with their glass transition temperatures (Tg) higher than 400 °C. For the mechanical properties, the formation of the rigid network structure leads to an improvement in their tensile strengths and Young's moduli. The introduction of 10 mol% TAIC in the PI (PI-TAIC-10%) shows the highest tensile strength (114.77 MPa), representing an 18.6% enhancement in comparison with that of the original PI material. In terms of dielectric properties, the crosslinking reactions effectively increase the free volumes between the polymer chains and reduce the molecular dipole moments. As a result, PI-TAIC-15% significantly reduces the dielectric properties, resulting in a decrease in the dielectric constant (Dk, from 3.42 to 3.15) and the dielectric loss (Df, from 3.67 × 10−2 to 2.58 × 10−2) under 10 GHz frequency. As far as the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) results, the formation of the network structure in PI-TAIC-15% restricts the movement of the polymer chains, leading to a 15% reduction in the CTE value than that of the non-crosslinked PI film. Overall, this work provides a promising strategy to optimize the mechanical and dielectric properties of high thermally stable PIs via crosslinking reactions.

Electrochromic conjugated polymers employed tetraphenylethylene building block with moderate optical contrast and fast response time

Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) can improve nature-state transmittance and response time when used as a building block in electrochromism. Two precursors of TPE-based molecules (TPE‐2T and TPE-2E) were successfully synthesized by Stille coupling reaction, and electropolymerized to yield the corresponding polymers of P(TPE‐2T) and P(TPE-2E). Characterizations of the above polymers were performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the spectroelectrochemistry and electrochromic properties of P(TPE‐2T) and P(TPE-2E) were compared investigated. P(TPE‐2T) demonstrated yellow in the neutral state to deep green in the oxidized state while P(TPE-2E) showed colorless-to-violet color changes with 0–1.4 V. P(TPE‐2T) displayed much better electrochromic performance due to its electroactivity with moderate optical contrast (32%) and fast response time (0.9 s). However, P(TPE-2E) showed low optical contrast, which is in agreement with the spectroelectrochemistry result (only slight wavelength shift between the neutral state and the oxidized state). From these results, P(TPE‐2T) can be further explored electrochromic material towards indoor electrochromic product and flexible display.

Highly Efficient and Flexible Scintillation Screen Based on Organic Mn(II) Halide Hybrids toward Planar and Nonplanar X‐Ray Imaging

AbstractThe urgency for cost‐effective, high‐resolution, flexible X‐ray imaging detectors is generating great demand for scintillators with low‐temperature processability, high scintillation yield, and negligible afterglow. X‐ray imaging materials are currently dominated by inorganic scintillators in the form of rigid films and bulk crystals, which have inherent limitations including high‐temperature, complex synthesis, and considerable challenges toward advanced nonplanar imaging. Here, high‐performance and flexible X‐ray scintillators based on novel zero‐dimensional (0D) (BTPP)2MnX4 (BTPP = benzyltriphenylphosphonium; X = Cl, Br) halides are reported. They emit bright green light originating from the 4T1‐6A1 transition of Mn2+ under X‐ray excitation. In particular, (BTPP)2MnBr4 single crystals exhibit excellent air‐ and radiation‐stability, a high scintillation yield of 53 000 photons MeV−1, a low detection limit of 89.9 nGyair s−1, and an ultralow afterglow comparable to commercial Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) single crystals. Moreover, the (BTPP)2MnCl4@polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) flexible scintillation screens achieve a high spatial resolution of 14.1 lp mm−1 and realize high‐quality imaging results of nonplanar objects. This study demonstrates that the flexible scintillation screens based on low‐dimensional Mn(II) hybrid halides have significant potential for low‐dose and high‐resolution X‐ray imaging applications.

Graphene as advanced applied material in flexible display applications

Flexible display technology has grown in popularity as a study area in the electronics industry as a result of the quick development of flexible electronics technology. Transparent electrodes, the main element of flexible display technology, are crucial for high resolution, high brightness, low power consumption, and interference resistance. A new kind of transparent electrode material is urgently required because conventional applied transparent electrode materials have issues like expensive cost, difficult preparation, and low dependability. Due to its exceptional performance in terms of transparency, electrical conductivity, and flexible bendability, graphene has gained a much interest as an emerging material. In order to provide guidance on the future development of cutting-edge materials for flexible display applications, this paper investigates the use of graphene in flexible displays. It examines graphene's use as a transparent electrode material and a thin film transistor material in flexible displays, as well as its application prospects and development trends. It is found that graphene has a high transparency of 97.7% and high conductivity, which outperforms the generally used indium tin oxide and copper materials. However, further advancements in the mass production of graphene is necessary for the industrialization of graphene in flexible display applications.

Novel rigid semi-alicyclic dianhydride with large side groups for high performance colorless polyimides (CPIs)

A new dianhydride 9,10-diphenyl-9,10-bis(trifluoromethyl)-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2,3,6,7-tetraacid dianhydride (6FDPDA) with rigid semi-alicyclic structure was reported. CPI materials were prepared by copolymerizing 6FDPDA with 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) or 4,4’-(hexafluoroisopropene) diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) respectively, with 2,2′-bistrifluoromethyl benzidine (TFDB) as the diamine building blocks. Due to the ladder semi-alicyclic structure as well as –CF3 and phenyl large side groups, this new dianhydride exhibits two important advantages, the cut-off conjugated in the polymer backbone and suppressed intermolecular stacking. When 6FDA as the dianhydride comonomer, the obtained CPIs exhibits distinguished performance with transmission of 90 % at 550 nm, YI of 2.45, CTE of 16.5 ppm/K and Tg over 450 °C. These results demonstrated that 6FDPDA is an excellent building block to prepare the high performance CPIs in optoelectronic devices, for an example the substrates for flexible AMOLED display.

Construction of Carbon Dots@LiCl-polyacrylamide with Humidity-Induced Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence to Fluorescence and Rigid-to-Flexible Transition Behavior.

The continuous advancement of luminescent materials has placed increasingly stringent requirements on dynamic color-tunable ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (URTP) materials that can respond to external stimuli. Nevertheless, endowing URTP materials with stimuli-response-induced dynamic color tuning is a challenging task. This study introduces a carbon dots (CDs)@LiCl-polyacrylamide (PAM) polymer system that switches from URTP to fluorescence under humidity stimuli, accompanied by a transition from rigidity to flexibility. The obtained rigid CDs@LiCl-PAM exhibits ultralong green phosphorescence with a lifetime of 560ms in the initial state. After absorbing moisture, it becomes flexible and its phosphorescence switches off. Moreover, the emission of the CDs@LiCl-PAM film depends on the excitation wavelength. This property can potentially used in multicolored luminescence applications and displays. Moreover, multicolor luminescent patterns can be constructed in situ using the water-absorption ability of the obtained thin film and the Förster resonance energy-transfer strategy. The proposed strategy is expected to promote the interdisciplinary development of intelligent information encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and smart flexible display materials.

Flexible Displays: From Science Fiction to Reality

Flexible Displays: From Science Fiction to Reality

Fabrication of highly flexible luminescent films, hydro gels and anti-counterfeiting applications of La2MoO6:Sm3+ phosphors

Fabrication of versatile luminescent materials with remarkable quantum yield holds significant importance across various applications. In this context, a series of (1–11 mol %) Sm3+ activated La2MoO6 nanophosphors (LMO:Sm3+ NPs) has been developed. These nanophosphors, denoted as LMO:Sm3+ NPs, serve as a multifunctional platform with applications spanning white LED technology, flexible displays, hydro-gels, and anti-counterfeiting (AC) measures. These phosphors emit a vibrant orange-red light at 601 nm when excited at 402 nm owing to the Sm3+ ions 4G5/2 → 6H7/2 transition, achieving a high quantum yield of 66.2 %. The optimal doping concentration of Sm3+ ions in the LMO host material is identified as 5 mol %, with concentration quenching primarily attributed to electric multi-polar interaction. Remarkably, the newly fabricated LMO:Sm3+ phosphors exhibit a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 2064 K and maintain excellent color stability. Moreover, a transparent AC film is created using the optimized phosphor and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), offering effective AC capabilities through their orange-red emission when exposed to 365 nm UV light. Notably, these phosphors exhibit sustainability, exceptional flexibility, and foldability, expanding their potential applications in the field of AC. These results underscore the potential of LMO:Sm3+ NPs as highly efficient luminescent platforms, catering to a wide range of applications, including white LED's, flexible display devices, hydro-gels, and AC solutions.

Gd3+-sensitized rare earth fluoride scintillators for High-resolution flexible X-ray imaging

X-ray imaging technology is widely used in the medical, industrial, and scientific fields, where highly sensitive, flexible, and cost-effective scintillation screens are crucial prerequisites. In this work, YF3:Gd3+/Tb3+ microparticles (MPs) were prepared via an ultrafast chemical precipitation method and exhibited excellent luminescent properties under the excitation of ultraviolet light and X-ray. It was found that Gd3+ doping could effectively enhance the photoluminescence (PL) and X-ray activated radioluminescence (RL) of Tb3+ owing to an efficient energy transfer process from Gd3+ to Tb3+. The prepared YF3:30%Gd3+/10%Tb3+ MPs exhibited fine environmental stability and superb X-ray RL, which was stronger than that of commercial scintillators Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) and even comparable to that of CsI:TI single crystal. Highly flexible transparent YF3:Gd3+/Tb3+/PDMS scintillation screens were prepared to record high-resolution X-ray images of planar/nonplanar objects, where the imaging spatial resolution was 16.8 lp mm−1, which was far higher than the standard spatial resolutions required for medical computed tomography (CT) scan (2 lp mm−1) and X-ray imaging (3.5 lp mm−1). The excellent scintillation performance, superior flexibility and environmental stability of YF3:Gd3+/Tb3+/PDMS scintillation films endow them with the potential application in high-resolution industrial nondestructive inspection and biological imaging.

Hybrid additive manufacturing of ultra-fine high-resolution shell–core structured conductive mesh-based flexible transparent electrodes for flexible displays

ABSTRACT Metal mesh transparent electrodes present a promising alternative to Indium-Tin Oxide (ITO) due to their adjustable period and favourable trade-off between transmittance and conductivity. In this work, a template-free, non-high temperature hybrid additive manufacturing approach of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Cu core–shell structure high-resolution metal mesh flexible transparent electrode (FTE) is proposed. The electric field-driven (EFD) 3D printing method was employed to print ultra-fine lines with widths as low as 1 μm. The composite-plating process combining electroless plating and electroplating has solved the structural defects of single deposition process. The prepared FTE has an excellent conductivity down to 1 Ω/sq and 89% light transmission (at 550 nm). Its exceptional mechanical properties and environmental stability make it suitable for diverse working environments. Even after undergoing 2000 bends at a radius of 3 mm, the resistance change rate remains as low as 1.4%. The resistance exhibits an approximately 8% change rate in the acid–base environment experiments conducted over 72 h. The flexible touch screen prepared with this FTE exhibits excellent writing performance in both flat and curved working scenarios. Furthermore, the significant potential of this FTE in the field of optoelectronics is effectively demonstrated through its exceptional luminescent performance in electroluminescent devices.