Flesh Thickness Research Articles

Evaluation of postharvest shelf life of south Indian culinary melon (Cucumis melo var. acidulus) accessions

Culinary melon (Cucumis melo var. acidulus) also known as Mangalore melon is reported with extended shelf life of more than six months. A study was conducted to assess the variability in the fruit traits with shelf life for selected 52 accessions of culinary melon at room temperature. Fruits were hanged in the air tied with smooth plastic fiber and psuedostem banana fiber, hanged to the roof of a laboratory and observations were recorded on fruit weight loss, change in the color of rind and fruit decay. Significant variation in shelf life and rind color change was observed among the accessions during storage period. The correlation analysis revealed that shelf life had significant positive high association with weight loss during storage (0.602) followed by fruit weight (0.544), flesh thickness (0.401), fruit length (0.359), days to harvest (0.346), peduncle length (0.332) and fruit width (0.322). Twenty-six accessions exhibited shelf life of more than 150 days. Green rind fruits were less vulnerable for discoloration and decay. Among the accessions MS30, MS28, MS79, MS74, MS78, MS39, MS74 and MS6 were identified as promising accessions for shelf life with marginal weight loss, rind color change and fruit traits. Understanding of physiological and biochemical changes in fruits during storage period and identifying candidate genes for shelf life will help exploit this trait to improve the muskmelon.

Karakter Kuantitatif Melon Generasi S0-S4

One of the obstacles to melon cultivation is the availability of seeds and the high price of melon seeds. This condition causes the need to assemble superior melon varieties with the expected characters. This study aims to form a pure line of melon with certain superior characteristics and can be proposed as a new high-yielding variety in the open-pollinated category. The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Trunojoyo University, Madura, from September-December 2022. This study used a randomized block design method. The treatments used were nine pure lines of melon (PK-669, D-162, PK-361, PK-165, PK-114, D-029, D-5089, PK-211, and comparison). Each treatment was repeated three times, and each experimental unit consisted of 12 plants. Research data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and HSD test α = 0.05. The selection advancement was analyzed by comparing character data for each generation. The research showed that the results of the characterization of ten melon lines S0-S4 generation on the characters of fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, and melon fruit weight showed a decreasing trend in each generation. The S4 generation (9.17 °brix) in the character of the average sugar content there was an increase that was not significantly different from the S3 generation (9.03 °brix), while the number of seeds in each generation had an average value that was not significantly different but occurred an increase in the number of seeds in the S3 (372) and S4 (381) generations. An increase in one generation of the population in the linear regression equation is estimated to reduce the character of fruit length by 0.50 cm, fruit diameter by 0.465 cm, flesh thickness by 0.140 cm, fruit weight by 0.199 Kg, sugar content by 0.752 °brix, and a number of seeds by 5.4.

Karakter Kuantitatif Kandidat Melon Hibrida (Cucumis melo L.)

Characterization is the first step in breeding to obtain information about a plant's character. This study aims to determine the character of the hybrid melon candidate. The research was carried out in the experimental garden of the Agrotechnology Study Program, Trunojoyo University, Madura, from September to December 2021. The research used a randomized block design with treatment using six hybrid melon candidates (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6) and two comparison varieties (Envy and Action 434) with three replications. The results showed that Candidate G2 had higher values of fruit diameter, flesh thickness, number of seeds, and fruit weight than the two comparison varieties. The highest sugar content value is found in candidate G4, which is 13.80%. Heritability values in the broad sense of quantitative characters ranged from 0.62-0.98, and there were correlations between characters (positive and negative) between the observed characters.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of pepper genotypes for Tomato Spotted Wilt Orthotospovirus reaction and resistance

In order to determine the effects of Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) on the yield and fruit quality parameters of some common local and commercial pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes under greenhouse conditions, mechanical inoculations were performed, and virus infections were tested by DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR after the inoculations. Based on the DAS-ELISA results, 95% of the inoculated plants were found to be positive for TSWV, in accordance with the expected amplicon size (276 bp) obtained by RT-PCR results. Infection of TSWV caused significant (p≤0.05) reduction in fruit number (45.97-100%), fruit weight (66.38-98.77%), fruit width (63.77-96.52%), fruit length (31.97-93.514%), flesh thickness (28.64-82.41%), fruit firmness (5.82-94.43%), fruit colour (1.62-7.79%), and total yield (68.62-100%) in infected plants. The best performance against TSWV was observed on cv. Yalova Çarliston 341, while the lowest was observed on cv. Bora 77 among the tested pepper cultivars Yalova Çarliston 341, Yalova Tatlı Kıl, Yalova Yağlık 28, Mazamort, Sera Demre 8, Üçburun, Geyikboynuzu, Bor Biberi, Bora 77 and 153-227. Moreover, the incidence of Tsw resistance gene was investigated by molecular analysis using CAPS marker SCAC568 with TaqI restriction enzyme digestion; however, Tsw gene could not be detected in any of the tested cultivars except wild type C. chinense and resistant genotype cv.153-227. This study reveals the effects of TSWV in common pepper genotypes and will be important for virus resistant breeding studies.

Identification of the promising accessions of spistan (Cordia myxa Roxb.) using morphological and fruit-related traits.

Spistan (Cordia myxa Roxb.) is a potentially underutilized fruit plant in arid and semi-arid regions. It has long been associated with health and nutrition. Morphological diversity of 75 accessions of this species was evaluated. The accessions studied showed significant differences in terms of the characters measured. Ripening date varied from late May to mid-July. Fruit color was yellow-cream in 54, light orange in 8, and orange in 13 accessions. The range of fruit weight was 0.71-11.83 g with an average of 3.12, while fruit flesh thickness ranged from 0.63 to 7.86 mm with an average of 2.55, and fruit jelly part thickness varied between 1.34 and 6.40 mm with an average of 2.75. Principal component analysis could describe the evaluated traits as the nine main components that were able to justify 79.04% of total variance. Hierarchical clustering showed that the accessions were placed into two main clusters using the measured traits data, exhibiting a wide range of variability. Based on the traits related to selection of the ideal genotype, such as big fruit size, high fruit flesh thickness with high yield, and longer harvesting period, 11 accessions, including Jangal-4, Jangal-9, Rask-7, Jangal-5, Jangal-6, Jangal-11, Rask-1, Jangal-1, Rask-4, Rask-5, and Rask-2, were superior. It is recommended to use the best accessions selected in breeding programs. The commercial orchards of those best accessions should be extensively constructed to take advantage of the high yield of C. myxa as a crop and its medicinal properties.

Selection of promising accessions of phalsa (Grewia asiatica L.) based on fruit-related traits.

Phalsa or falsa (Grewia asiatica L., family Malvaceae) is a promising, yet underutilized berry fruit of tropical regions. It contains a rich source of various bioactive compounds, such as anthocyanins, tannins, phenols, and flavonoids. In the present study, morphological and pomological diversity of 48 accessions of this species was evaluated to introduce superior selections. Considerable variability was detected among the accessions studied based on the characteristics recorded. Fruit shape exhibited the highest CV (69.66%), while seed length showed the lowest CV (7.98%). Fruit color showed strong diversity, including red, red-purple, purple-cream, purple, and dark purple. Fruit weight ranged from 0.29 to1.14 g, and fruit flesh thickness varied from 1.90 to 3.91 mm. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that 82.64% of the variability observed was explained by the first 13 components. A dendrogram created using cluster analysis grouped the accessions into two major clusters. Based on the traits related to fruit quality, such as fruit weight, fruit color, fruit flesh color, and fruit taste, 14 accessions, including Talsar-6, Talsar-8, Ganjabad-31, Talsar-4, Ganjabad-18, Ganjabad-24, Talsar-5, Ganjabad-25, Ganjabad-30, Ganjabad-17, Talsar-7, Talsar-3, Talsar-2, and Talsar-1, were superior. It is recommended to use the best accessions selected in breeding programs.

Genetic Diversity and Correlation Coefficient Studies in Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)

Background: Genetic diversity provides opportunity for plant breeders to develop new and improved cultivars with desirable characteristics, which include both farmer-preferred traits (yield potential and large seed, etc.) and breeder preferred traits (pest and disease resistance and photosensitivity, etc.). Yield being a complex quantitative character, direct selection for yield may not result in successful improvement. Information on character association and direct and indirect effects of component traits on yield would greatly help in formulating the selection criteria and using them effectively in crop improvement programme. Therefore present study was aimed to evaluate genetic diversity in 25 muskmelon genotypes. Methods: 25 muskmelon genotypes were evaluated at Dr. Y.S.R Horticultural University, College of Horticulture, Anantharajupeta, during 2017-2018 in randomized block design with three replications. Genetic diversity among genotypes was estimated using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Result: Cluster analysis revealed distinctive clustering pattern and grouped the genotypes in to seven clusters. cluster II was the largest comprising of eight genotypes, while cluster III, IV, VI, VII consist of only one genotype. Cluster VII and IV were found to be considerably different from the rest of the clusters. Genotypes falling in these clusters which are genetically more diverse, can be exploited in a hybridization programmes. Genetic variability in terms of correlation analysis were studied for yield and yield attributing traits. Fruit yield had a positive correlation with fruit volume, fruit diameter, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and flesh thickness. While it had a negative correlation with days to appearance of first pistillate flower and days to first fruit harvest.

PENGELOMPOKAN PALA SIAU (Myristica fragrans Houtt) BERDASARKAN KARAKTER BUAH, BIJI, DAN FULI

This research was conducted to clustering Siau nutmeg based on the characters of fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, flesh thickness, seed weight, seed length, seed width, and mace weight. The research was conducted using the Survey Method. The survey was conducted in nutmeg gardens owned by farmers in the village: 1) Dompas, 2) Kanawong, 3) Tanaki, 4) Deahe, 5) Bahu, 6) Lagaeng, 7) Dame, 8) Batusenggo, 9) Batubulan, and 10) Pangilolong . Determination of village based on harvested area. The data were analyzed in clusters using the SPSS Statistical Analysis Program. The grouping was done using the agglomerative method. The two most similar populations of nutmeg will be grouped into one, then will be grouped again with other populations that are most similar. Based on the character of the fruit, seeds, and mace, Siau nutmeg can be grouped into three groups. Group 1 consists of Bahu, Lagaeng, Dame, and Batusenggo populations. Nutmeg in these villages has a fruit weight of 55.7 g, an average seed weight of 9.9 g and a mace weight of 1.5 g. Group 2 consisted of Dompas, Kanawong, Tanaki, and Deahe populations. Nutmeg in these villages has a fruit weight of 46.2 g, an average seed weight of 8.3 g, and a mace weight of 1.7 g. Group 3 consisting of Batubulan and Pangilolong populations. Nutmeg in these villages has a fruit weight of 35.80 g, a seed weight of 6.6 g, and a mace of 1.04 g.

QTL mapping for pumpkin fruit traits using a GBS-based high-density genetic map

Pumpkin is a popular vegetable crop and exhibits a broad diversity in fruit shape and size. Fruit-related traits are the decisive factors determining consumer acceptance and market value of pumpkin cultivar. As a result, deciphering the genetic basis of fruit-related traits is of great importance for pumpkin breeding. To address this problem, a F2 population was generated by two Cucurbita moschata inbred lines with contrasting fruit shapes, and genotyping by sequencing approach was used to construct a genetic map and localize the QTLs underlying the fruit-related traits in this study. The results showed that a high-quality genetic map was constructed for pumpkin, which comprised of 2413 bins and spanned a total length of 2252.10 cM with an average genetic distance of 0.94 cM. Thirty significant QTLs with moderate or small effects were identified for seven fruit-related traits, including fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit shape index, fruit weight, fruit flesh thickness, seed cavity size, and total soluble solids content. Co-locations were observed between the QTLs underlying different traits, demonstrating that pleiotropic effect plays an important role in genetic control of fruit-related traits. The identified QTLs provide valuable information for further fine mapping of the related genes and pumpkin breeding programs with the aim of improving fruit quality.

Effects of Different Pruning Systems on Fruit Quality and Yield in California Wonder Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) Grown in Soilless Culture

This study was conducted to determine the effects of four pruning methods (Non-pruned, two, three and four stem pruning) on some growth parameters, yield and fruit quality in California Wonder Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The experiment was carried out between April and September 2020 in a climate controlled venlo type glass research greenhouse with automation system.In this study, two commercial pepper Rapido and Roxy California Wonder type (Rapido: red color Roxy: yellow color) varieties were used. Seedlings transplanted in cocopeat slabs were grown in soilless culture. The experiment was designed according to randomized plots with 3 replicates each including 8 plants. Pruning applications-leaving two, three and four branches in pepper varieties significantly increased plant height, plant fresh weight and stem diameter compared to the non-pruned plants. Pruning methods significantly increased fruit weight, fruit length and diameter. SPAD of leaves value, fruit flesh thickness, fruit firmness, fruit Brix and fruit EC values were positively affected by pruning methods. However, no effect of pruning methods on fruit color and pH was determined. Total yield per plant was reduced compared to non-pruned plants, except for 4 branch pruning. However, the reduction in the number of branches left with pruning significantly increased the rate of marketable fruit. To conclude, it was determined that the decrease in the number of branches left in California Wonder pepper varieties significantly decreased the number of non-marketable fruits, especially three and four branch pruning increased fruit quality as well as marketable yield.

Design and Build a Coconut Ripeness Classifier Using Sound Sensor

The difference in the texture of coconut flesh is an obstacle for sellers of coconut drinks who use young coconut meat with a soft texture, and an obstacle for industries that use old coconut meat with a hard texture, such as the production of coconut milk, coconut oil and coconut flour. Therefore, consistency in determining the thickness of the coconut flesh is very much needed.This research will design a tool to classification and classify the maturity of sound sensor coconut fruit. In determining young or old coconuts based on sound,a servo motor as a driving force to use the outside of the coconut to make sound.This test is done by testing the original type of green coconut. Based on the results of testing the coconut fruit maturity classification tool using a sound sensor, it can be done and the sound sensor successfully captures sound. Coconut fruit can be classified as young if it has a sound intensity of less than 56 dB, because the coconut fruit has the characteristics of a young coconut, which is small in size, bright green in color and has pink fibers. Meanwhile, if the resulting sound intensity is more than 56 dB, the coconut is classified as an old coconut because the coconut has the characteristics of an old coconut, which is brown or dark green in color, large in size and has white fibers. Speed and power Servo Motor has to be the same input voltage of 5Volt.

Genetic stability of melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Meloni) based on inter-simple sequence repeat and phenotypic characteristics

Abstract. Yusuf AF, Wibowo WA, Daryono BS. 2022. Genetic stability of melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Meloni) based on inter-simple sequence repeat and phenotypic characteristics. Biodiversitas 23: 3042-3049.A new cultivar must have a character that follows the official criteria of distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) as required for the grant of Plant Breeder Rights and official cultivar registration. Meloni is a new cultivar resulting from plant breeding by the Genetics and Breeding Laboratory of the Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Legality is needed in the form of plant variety protection (PVT)to protect the intellectual rights of researchers. Therefore, this study aims to identify morphological characters according to official criteria and validate molecular feelings by using molecular markers Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat. The results of morphological characterization showed that the distinctive character of the Meloni cultivar lies in the oval shape of the fruit, the skin of the fruit is creamy with a smooth texture without the net, and the flesh of the fruit is orange with a sweet taste. The differences in morphological characters of the Meloni cultivar cultivated at two locations differ in fruit weight, flesh thickness, fruit shelf life, and harvest age. Molecular identification resulted in a low similarity in the phenetic relationship, namely 35% against Sonya cultivars and 51% against Kirani and Kinanti cultivars. The Meloni cultivar's stability and uniformity analysis between the two locations (Bandung, West Java, and Sleman, Yogyakarta) yielded 76%. The difference in cultivation locations did not affect the level of stability and genetic uniformity of the Meloni cultivar.

Diversité génétique des cultivars locaux de melon (Cucumis melo L.) collecté au sud tunisien: Valorisation pour un programme de sélection et de conservation génétique

Ce travail a pour objectif d’étudier la diversité génétique des cultivars locaux de melon collecté au sud tunisien. La caractérisation morphologique de 22 cultivars locaux de melon en se basant sur 32 traits a montré qu’ils se distinguent de la variété commerciale Ananas. En effet, les cultivars locaux du Sud se caractérisent par leur précocité, avec des fruits de plus gros calibre et une faible teneur en sucre. La diversité moléculaire des cultivars de melon, évaluée à l'aide de quatre marqueurs RAPD, a montré un taux de polymorphisme global de 95 %. L’analyse ACP selon les trois premiers axes qui résument 54,7 % de la variabilité totale indique une séparation nette entre la variété Ananas et les cultivars locaux. Les corrélations entre les matrices de distance des données morphologiques et des données moléculaires ont montré que les paramètres longueur des fruits, diamètre des fruits, taille de l’attache pistillaire et l’épaisseur maximal de la chair sont significativement corrélés avec plusieurs marqueurs RAPD. Cette étude a montré une nette distinction entre les cultivars locaux de melon et celui commercial, ce qui a un impact pratique par la sélection des cultivars les plus intéressants ou leur utilisation comme géniteurs pour améliorer les variétés commerciales.

Identifikasi Morfologi Vegetatif dan Generatif Varietas Jambu Bol Gondang Manis dan Jambu Jamaika di Desa Gondang Manis Kecamatan Bandar Kedungmulyo Jombang

The purpose of this research to determine the morphological characteristics of vegetative and generative growth and the characteristics of guava bol gondang sweet and guava bol jamaica in Gondang Manis village, Bandar Kedungmulyo district, Jombang regency, East Java. The research was carried out from May to July 2021 by selecting 5 samples of guava bol gondang sweet and 5 samples of guava bol jamaica. The research was conducted by direct observation and compiled using descriptive methods, namely simplifying and organizing data to obtain an overall picture of the object being observed. This research was carried out by direct observation by taking the type of research that described in detail and systematically the growth of vegetative and generative morphology of guava varieties gondang sweet and guava bol jamaica. Based on observations of vegetative and generative morphology growth of guava plants, guava bol gondang sweet and guava bol jamaica include tree plant habitus, plant height range, leaf area, leaf width, leaf length, petiole shape, petiole color, color of the upper surface of the leaf, color of the lower surface. leaf, leaf base shape, leaf tip shape, leaf edge, leaf shape, stem color, stem circumference, stem shape, number of main branches, flower location, number of petals, flower type, flower color, fruit shape, fruit circumference, fruit weight ,flesh thickness, fruit length, purple fruit color, seed shape, number of seeds, seed weight and seed circumference.
 Keywords : Generative, guava gondang sweet, guava jamaica, vegetative

Population-specific, recent positive selection signatures in cultivated Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber).

Population-specific, positive selection promotes the diversity of populations and drives local adaptations in the population. However, little is known about population-specific, recent positive selection in the populations of cultivated cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Based on a genomic variation map of individuals worldwide, we implemented a Fisher’s combination method by combining 4 haplotype-based approaches: integrated haplotype score (iHS), number of segregating sites by length (nSL), cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH), and Rsb. Overall, we detected 331, 2,147, and 3,772 population-specific, recent positive selective sites in the East Asian, Eurasian, and Xishuangbanna populations, respectively. Moreover, we found that these sites were related to processes for reproduction, response to abiotic and biotic stress, and regulation of developmental processes, indicating adaptations to their microenvironments. Meanwhile, the selective genes associated with traits of fruits were also observed, such as the gene related to the shorter fruit length in the Eurasian population and the gene controlling flesh thickness in the Xishuangbanna population. In addition, we noticed that soft sweeps were common in the East Asian and Xishuangbanna populations. Genes involved in hard or soft sweeps were related to developmental regulation and abiotic and biotic stress resistance. Our study offers a comprehensive candidate dataset of population-specific, selective signatures in cultivated cucumber populations. Our methods provide guidance for the analysis of population-specific, positive selection. These findings will help explore the biological mechanisms of adaptation and domestication of cucumber.

PREFERENSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP ATRIBUT BUAH PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) LOKAL DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA BOGOR

This study aims to analyze consumer characteristics, determine the process of making purchasing decisions and determine consumer preferences for local papaya attributes in traditional markets in Bogor City. 30 respondents were determined by using accidental sampling. The method of analysis used are descriptive analysis, Multi-attribute Fishbein and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The results showed that the characteristics of local Papaya consumers were quite varied, namely gender, age, education, occupation, number of dependents and monthly income. Purchasing decisions are influenced by five factors, namely need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchases and outcomes. Consumer preferences can be identified through the attributes found in local papaya fruit such as taste, skin color, size, shape, water content (juiciness), flesh color, flesh thickness, flesh texture and papaya skin texture. The result of Fishbein's Multi-attribute analysis shows that the most influencing attributes for consumer in making purchasing decisions are the color of the meat and the taste attribute of the local Papaya fruit. IPA Matrix Analysis shows that the attributes that must be maintained are taste and color of the meat, and the attributes that need to be developed are the thickness of the meat and the texture of the meat.
 Keywords: Local Papaya attribute, Fishbein Multi-attribute, IPA Matrix, Consumer Preference, traditional market

Selection of the promising fig (Ficus carica L.) accessions using fruit-related characters.

Nowadays, fig (Ficus carica L.) fruits are consumed either fresh or dried and used for jam or spirit beverage production. Morphological and pomological diversity of 49 wild edible fig accessions sampled was evaluated. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the wild accessions studied using the morphological data recorded. Ripening time ranged from late July to mid‐August. Fruit skin ground color showed high variability, including cream–purple (4 accessions), purple–yellow (8), light purple (7), purple (15), dark purple (5), purple–cream (3), and cream (7). The range of fruit‐related traits was as follows: fruit length: 12.65–22.60 mm, fruit width: 10.67–24.18 mm, fruit fresh weight: 2.52–6.13 g, and fruit flesh thickness: 0.85–1.89 mm. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed 10 independent components that could explain 84.11% of total variance. Ward dendrogram created according to the data obtained revealed the variation among the accessions and showed two major clusters. The present results showed that the studied accessions had remarkable phenotypic variation, and among them, some accessions with high‐quality fruits in size, color, and taste can be planted and then used in the breeding programs. Information on the current levels of genetic diversity of germplasm is essential for devising strategies for wild forms conservation.

Characteristics of Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) That Are Resistant and Susceptible to Oriental Fruit Fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel) Infestation

The response of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) to oriental fruit fly infestation (Bactrocera dorsalis) is highly variable among varieties. The differences in the resistance level of chili to oriental fruit fly infestation are presumed to be determined by the characteristics of chili fruit. This study aims to evaluate the morphochemical characteristics of different resistance levels of chili fruits to oriental fruit fly infestation in field conditions. The field test was carried out at the research station of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI), West Java, Indonesia. Six essential derivatives of C. annuum from IVEGRI, consisting of three resistant and three susceptible varieties, were established in a prior investigation. The test population included 132 plants, with 22 plants planted for each variety. The resistance parameters observed were oviposition incidence, yield loss, fitness index, and chili fruit characteristics (morphology, nutrition, volatile compounds). The results showed that there were morphological and chemical differences between the varieties resistant and susceptible to oriental fruit fly infestation. The morphological characteristics of the fruit (width, weight, and thickness of fruit flesh) and fruit shape at pedicel attachment had an impact on the resistance level of fruit flies. Meanwhile, volatile compounds, water content, carbohydrates, and fiber content were among the chemical features that influenced oriental fruit fly infestation.

EVALUATION OF GUAVA GERMPLASM FOR GROWTH, QUALITY AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES SUITABLE UNDER SODIC SOIL CONDITIONS

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) popularly known as the "Apple of the Tropics", has gained considerable prominence on account of its high nutritive value, availability at moderate prices and pleasant flavour. It is a rich source of vitamin C and pectin, moderately good source of calcium and a fair source of phosphorus. The study was carried out to evaluate the guava (Psidium gujava L.) germplasm for growth, yield and quality under sodic soil condition. Totally 31 accessions of guava germplasm were collected and planted in RBD with 4 replications at Orchard, Horticultural College & Research Institute for Women, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Trichy and evaluated for 5 years (2014 to 2018) under sodic condition. Growth observations on plant height (m), trunk circumference (cm), plant spread (E – W) (m) and plant spread (N – S) (m) and tree volume (cm3 ) were recorded. Further, yield and quality attributes viz., number of fruits tree-1, fruit length, fruit diameter, average fruit weight, fruit yield tree-1, pulp colour, flesh thickness, rind thickness and TSS were also recorded. Among the guava germplasm, “Surka Chitti Natputani” was found to be vigorous in growth habit followed by “Mirzapur seedling” whereas dwarfness and erect growth were observed in “Cheeni guava”. The accession “Nasik” recorded the highest fruit yield (26.285 kg tree-1) followed by “Mirzapur Seedling” (24.277kg tree-1). Dessert quality attributes viz., rind thickness, soft seed and total soluble solid were found to be best in “Allahabad Safed”. The present studies impart knowledge on morphological, quantitative variation and quality parameters of guava fruits and can be useful for producers, breeders, and processors. The salt tolerant genotypes having the capable of maintaining osmotic potential and providing more food materials.

Estimation of genetic variance of some line generation S3 cantaloupensis melon hydroponically based on smart farming system

Abstract This research aims to examine the genetic variance, heritability value, and the expected genetic progress of the S3 generation melon lines tested so as to determine the potential lines to be used as sources of genetic material in breeding programs. This research was conducted from January to May 2021 in greenhouse CV. Agroniaga. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single treatment in the form of a line consisting of 6 levels, namely GR-1-3-7, GR-1-3-8, GR-1-3-20, GR-1-3-22, GR-1-2-2, and GR-1-1-3. Quantitative character observation data were analyzed using ANOVA or F test at 5% significance level. If the F test has a significant effect, then the average value is further tested with the Scott-Knott test. The results showed that the morphology of the S3 generation melon lines showed differences in fruit characters based on net distribution, net intensity, net pattern, fruit aroma, and fruit texture. The value of broad genetic variance was found in the parameters of plant height, male flowering age, harvest age, and fruit weight. High heritability values for male flowering age, female flowering age, harvest age, and fruit flesh thickness. The GR-1-1-3, GR-1-3-22, GR-1-3-7, and GR-1-3-8 lines are lines that have greater potential than other lines in terms of the effectiveness of selection on fruit weight parameters, so it is good to use for the next selection process.