Fisher's F-test Research Articles

Anti-Inflammatory And Immunomodulating Activity of the 1(10) Β-Epoxy-5,7α,6β(Н)-Guai-3(4),11(13)-Dien-6,12-Olide

BACKGROUND: The article discusses the results of studies of the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of the sesquiterpene lactone 1(10)β-epoxy-5,7α,6β(Н)-guai-3(4),11(13)-diene-6,12-olide (hereinafter referred to as epoxyguaianolide). AIM: The article discusses the results of studies of the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of the sesquiterpene lactone 1(10)β-epoxy-5,7α,6β(Н)-guai-3(4),11(13)-diene-6,12-olide. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium at a dose of 25 mg/kg (ampoules, 2 mL each, manufactured by Germany) was used as a reference drug in models of acute aseptic inflammation and cotton ball granuloma. On the model of cyclophosphamide immunosuppression, the immunomodulator levamisole at a dose of 3 mg/kg, was used as a reference drug. The immunomodulating effect of the test samples was studied on outbred adult male rats and outbred mice. We calculated the arithmetic mean, the mean square error of the arithmetic mean, the significance of the difference between the mean Рt according to the student’s t-test (TTEST), and the significance of the difference in Pf variances according to the Fisher f-test. RESULTS: The results of the experiments indicate the presence of a pronounced immunomodulatory activity in epoxyguaianolide. When interacting with cells of the immune system, epoxyguaianolide activated the studied parameters in animals with immunosuppression, whereas in intact animals, it did not affect the above parameters. On the model of cyclophosphamide immunosuppression, it was found that epoxyguaianolide has a pronounced immunomodulatory effect, manifested in an increase in the number of T-lymphocytes and a subpopulation of theophylline-resistant T-lymphocytes, an increase in the number of theophylline-sensitive T- and B-lymphocytes, activation of phagocytosis processes, and increased cell migration. This action of epoxyguaianolide eliminates the minimal possibility of hyperactivation of the immune system, which is an important condition for its use as an immunotropic agent. CONCLUSIONS: The conducted experiments made it possible to recommend epoxyguaianolide for clinical trials as an immunomodulating agent in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases accompanied by secondary immunodeficiencies.

Radiological characterization of the tailings of an abandoned copper mine using a neural network and geostatistical analysis through the Co-Kriging method

The radiological characterization of soil contaminated with natural radionuclides enables the classification of the area under investigation, the optimization of laboratory measurements, and informed decision-making on potential site remediation. Neural networks (NN) are emerging as a new candidate for performing these tasks as an alternative to conventional geostatistical tools such as Co-Kriging. This study demonstrates the implementation of a NN for estimating radiological values such as ambient dose equivalent (H*(10)), surface activity and activity concentrations of natural radionuclides present in a waste dump of a Cu mine with a high level of natural radionuclides. The results obtained using a NN were compared with those estimated by Co-Kriging. Both models reproduced field measurements equivalently as a function of spatial coordinates. Similarly, the deviations from the reference concentration values obtained in the output layer of the NN were smaller than the deviations obtained from the multiple regression analysis (MRA), as indicated by the results of the root mean square error. Finally, the method validation showed that the estimation of radiological parameters based on their spatial coordinates faithfully reproduced the affected area. The estimation of the activity concentrations was less accurate for both the NN and MRA; however, both methods gave statistically comparable results for activity concentrations obtained by gamma spectrometry (Student's t-test and Fisher's F-test).

THE IMPACT OF THE INCREASE IN THE VOLUME OF FREIGHT TURNOVER ON THE RAILWAYS ON EXPORTS

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the intricate relationship between the volume of exports (Y) and freight turnover on railways (X) through a paired linear regression model. The purpose is to discern the quantitative impact of railway freight turnover on a nation's export volumes and offer insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the transportation and trade sectors. Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative research design is employed, utilizing historical data spanning from 2000 to 2022. The chosen methodology involves the estimation of a paired linear regression model using the method of least squares. Statistical significance is tested through the coefficient of determination, Fisher's F-test, and an examination of heteroskedasticity. Elasticity analysis, rank correlation, and graphical assessments of residuals provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship. Findings: The research reveals a strong and statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.92) between export volumes and railway freight turnover. The regression model, validated through multiple tests, explains 84.72% of the variability in export volumes. Economic interpretation indicates that a one-unit increase in railway freight turnover leads to a substantial average increase of 1627720.728 units in export volumes. The absence of heteroskedasticity reinforces the robustness of the model.

226Ra activity concentration determined directly from the 186 keV photopeak using gamma spectrometry and a neural network

Determining 226Ra activity concentration directly from the 186 keV photopeak using gamma spectrometry avoids the 21-day waiting time required for indirect calculation from 214Pb or 214Bi. Calculation methods using the 186 keV photopeak, suppressing the 235U interference, are satisfactory but do not allow the analyst to correct for possible biases due to the calculation. This paper therefore examines the use of an alternative method based on a neural network that allows enrichment and monitoring of the solution to the problem, taking into account the concentrations of reference activities or those obtained from 214Pb in the samples analysed. The 226Ra counts at the 186 keV peak were determined by fitting two Gaussian functions whose figure of merit was minimised using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The results obtained were validated and fed into the neural network, using 70% for training and 30% for testing. Network learning was estimated using samples of comparative exercises, which were analysed and then used to train the network. The possibility of increasing the number of values used to train the network was also investigated using interpolation of linear and quadratic splines. The accuracy and precision of the 226Ra activity concentrations obtained by the neural network, as determined by Student's pair-wise t-test and Fisher's F-test, in samples from different intercomparison exercises were statistically comparable (p > 0.05) at 60% and 73%, respectively. Finally, the percentage of acceptability of the 226Ra activity concentrations with respect to the usual criteria of intercomparison exercises (En ≤ ±1 and D% ≤ ±20%) was 55%, which is comparable to the 60% obtained by the numerical algorithm developed in a previous study.

STUDY OF A DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM WATER BOILER AS A OBJECT OF CONTROL


 
 The analysis of the operating conditions of a typical district heating system, in particular, a hot water gas boiler, was carried out. It is shown that the boiler, as the main control object, operates under conditions of constant change in external heat load, which, due to their random nature, leads to a number of uncertainties. The expediency of the mathematical description of uncertainties using the stochastic method as the most tested in practical conditions is substantiated. According to the results of the passive experiment on the hot water gas boiler KVG6.5-150 of the district heating system of one of the districts of Kharkov, an array of hourly experimental data was obtained, reflecting the main performance indicators of the hot water boiler. As a result of data processing by the least squares method, a mathematical model of the boiler was obtained in the form of a linear regression equation, reflecting the relationship between the temperature of the coolant at the boiler outlet and the ambient air temperature, the temperature of the coolant at the inlet to the boiler and with the flow rates of natural gas and coolant to the boiler. The obtained regression equation was verified by Student's t-test, which confirmed the significance of all coefficients of the regression model. The practical significance of the multiple regression equation was assessed using the coefficient of determination. The quality of the multiple regression equation as a whole was assessed using Fisher's F-test. Since parallel surveys were not conducted, instead of checking the adequacy, the quality of the approximation of the experimental points by the accepted regression equation was assessed, that is, it was checked whether this equation makes sense. Such a test was carried out by comparing the residual variance and the variance relative to the mean. The calculation results showed that the value of the coefficient of determination significantly exceeds the allowable value, and the actual value of the Fisher criterion significantly exceeds the table value. The obtained indicators led to the conclusion that the relationship between the variables in the regression model is significant, and the proposed stochastic method and the multiple linear regression equation can be used to make decisions in the process of synthesizing the technical structure of a computer-integrated control system for objects of a district heating system.
 
 
 
 
 

Statistical Analysis of the Critical Frequency foF2 Dependence on Various Solar Activity Indices

A description of the ionospheric F2-layer critical frequency foF2 dependence on solar activity byvarious indices (proxies) has been analyzed. The results of the vertical ionospheric sounding at the Juliusruhstation during 2 winter months (January and February), 2 equinox months (March and October), and a summermonth (June) are considered. Five solar proxies: Ly-α, MgII, Rz, F30, and F10.7 have been analyzed.The changes in foF2 are compared to the corresponding changes in 1957–1980. The determination coefficientR2 according to the Fisher F-test is used as a measure of the quality of the description of the foF2 dependenceon SA by each of the proxies. It has been found that a well-pronounced diurnal variation in the R2 valueis observed in winter months: this is higher at the near-noon hours than at night. In other words, all indicesdescribe the foF2 behavior better in the daytime than at night. A well-pronounced diurnal variation in R2 isalso observed for four proxies in the equinoctial months, whereas that variation is pronounced much less forRz: a strong scatter of the R2 values is seen. A diurnal variation in the R2 is absent completely in June: jumpsfrom one hour to another are observed. This analysis allows us to conclude that the most reliable SA proxiesfor description of the foF2 dependence on SA at all LT hours are MgII, F30, and Ly-α.

Уровень апоптоза гранулезных клеток у женщин, имеющих экстрагенитальную патологию, с нарушением репродуктивной функции

Granulosa cells feed the oocyte during its maturation and protect it. Aberrant apoptosis in these cells is known to ultimately impair oogenesis. The current knowledge of how extragenital inflammation affects apoptosis in granulosa cells is incomprehensive, which is the root of an urgent problem connected to the spread of inflammatory diseases and the growing level of female infertility. This study aimed to assess the intensity of granulosa cell apoptosis in women with impaired reproductive function that suffer from chronic respiratory and/or digestive system diseases of inflammatory origin, and to identify the link, if any, between the studied factor and dysfunction of the reproductive system in the test group. The group included 60 women with a history of respiratory and/or digestive system inflammatory pathology that underwent IVF in 2021–2022. The women were donors of the granulosa cells from the follicular fluid collected through transvaginal puncture of preovulatory follicles. We studied the apoptosis process with the help of flow cytometry. For statistical analysis, we used the Fisher's F-test and the Kruskal–Wallis test. Twenty participants without extragenital pathology in their medical histories, the first subgroup, had the level of apoptosis in granulosa cells at 0.0088 ± 0.0062%, which is significantly lower than in twenty donors with a history of chronic inflammatory digestive system diseases, the second subgroup (granulosa cell apoptosis at 0.0140 ± 0.0099%, p = 0.015), and the subgroup of women suffering from inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system (granulosa cell apoptosis at 0.0650 ± 0.0391%, p = 0.033); the efficacy of IVF was higher in the first subgroup.

Statistical analysis of the critical frequency foF2 dependence on various solar activity indices

A detailed analysis of the description of the F2-layer critical frequency foF2 dependence on solar activity indices (proxies) is analyzed. To do that, the results of the vertical ionospheric sounding at Juliusruh station during two winter months (January and February), two equinox months (March and October), and a summer month (June) are considered. Five solar proxies: Ly-α, MgII, Rz, F30, and F10.7 are analyzed. The determination coefficient R2 according to Fisher F-test is used as a measure of the quality of the description of the foF2 dependence on SA by each of the proxies It is found that a well pronounced diurnal variation in the R2 is observed: this value is higher at the near-noon hours than at night. In other words, all indices describe better the foF2 behavior in the daytime than at night. A well pronounced diurnal variation in R2 is observed also for four proxies in the equinoctial months, whereas that variation is pronounced much worse for Rz: a strong scatter of the R2 values is seen. A diurnal variation in the R2 is absent completely in June: jumps of that value from one hour to another are observed. A few examples of the same analysis are presented also based on the Boulder stations data. The aforementioned analysis allows us to conclude that the most reliable SA proxies for description of the foF2 dependence on SA are (in the declining order) F30, MgII, and Ly- α.

Influence of hemoperitoneum in spleen injury on the formation of peritoneal adhesions in intact peritoneum

Background. It is assumed that the outflow of blood during a spleen injury can cause an adhesive process, which justifies the need for sanitation of the abdominal cavity.
 Aim. Determine the effect of hemoperitoneum on the formation of adhesions in an intact peritoneum.
 Material and methods. The clinical part of the study included 82 patients with closed splenic injury observed from 2002 to 2019. The mean age was 11.13.5 years. There were 62 boys and 20 girls. The volume of hemoperitoneum was determined by ultrasound scanning. 74 (90%) children underwent non-surgical treatment. Surgical treatment was performed in 6 children with continued bleeding and in 2 patients with delayed bleeding. Experimentally, blood from a peripheral vein of animals was taken and injected into the peritoneal cavity. Posthumously, 12 sections of the parietal peritoneum from rabbits for histological examination were taken. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by the method of descriptive statistics. Statistical significance of mean differences was assessed using the MannWhitney test, and qualitative data using Fisher's exact F-test. Differences were considered significant at p 0.05.
 Results. The volume of hemoperitoneum in children with non-surgical treatment of spleen injury did not exceed 15% of the circulating blood volume. In 97.3% of cases, blood resorption from the peritoneal cavity occurred within 14 days. With non-surgical treatment, chronic abdominal pain was registered in 1.35% of cases, with surgical treatment in 62.5% (p=0.000011). None of the patients after non-surgical treatment of splenic injury had adhesive intestinal obstruction, while after laparotomy it occurred in 25% of cases (p=0.0084). It has been experimentally established on animals that hemoperitoneum without damage to the peritoneal mesothelium was accompanied by the development of aseptic inflammation. On the 3rd day, neutrophilic leukocytes accumulated in the peritoneum. Under aseptic conditions, no damage to the mesothelium occurred. By the 10th day, the inflammation stopped. On the 20th and 30th days, there were no additional fibrin deposits.
 Conclusion. The presence of blood in the peritoneal cavity without damage to the mesothelium is not a risk factor for the formation of adhesions.

ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF STATE REGULATION OF THE INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN AGRICULTURE

The main task of the state investment strategy in the development of agriculture is to form an effective policy of state promotion of investment in the agricultural sector, which will increase the level of investment attractiveness of the farm sector. Given the study's relevance, the article aims to justify the feasibility of introducing an economic mechanism of state regulation of investment activities in agriculture by combining the levers of state regulation with financial instruments of banking institutions. The study's goals were solved using the following general scientific methods: synthesis and analysis, economic statistics, systematization, theoretical generalization, and abstraction. The information base was the work of domestic and foreign scientists, analysts, practitioners, and statistics of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. In the article, the authors propose a model of financing investment activities based on the principles of attracting private (bank) capital. The structural and logical interpretation of the state budget savings from the introduction of the recommended financial support model for agricultural producers' investment activities is given. Based on a sample of indicators for 2010-2020, a multi-factor regression model of the dependence of Ukraine's GDP in agriculture on the factors of development of investment activity in agriculture ("the volume of investment in agriculture" and "expenditures to support state regulators of the agricultural sector"). To check the quality of the constructed model, the multiple correlation coefficient (R-squared), the test for heteroskedasticity of model residues (t-statistics), and the probability of error P(t) were determined. The student's t-test was calculated to assess the statistical significance of the correlation coefficient, and Fisher's F-test was used to test the effectiveness of the regression model. The change of GDP of Ukraine in agriculture for 2021-2024 under the conditions of state regulation of parameters of investment development in agriculture is forecasted. The proposed economic mechanism and tools for implementing the main strategic guidelines for further development of investment activities in agriculture of Ukraine is a prerequisite for determining the aid to promote this process at the local level by local governments and civil society organizations.

Influence of moisture content, temperature, and time on free fatty acid in stored crude palm oil

Consequent to the importance of crude palm oil (CPO) to global food processing industries, and the need for quality assurance of CPO. A kinetic model that describes changes of free fatty acid (FFA) in industrially stored CPO has been developed. CPO FFA is a well-known indicator of the deterioration of CPO. The effect of initial moisture content, storage temperature, and time on CPO FFA have been investigated in this work. Specifically, statistical multi-regression models for changes in FFA and moisture content (MC) were developed at P-value < 0.05 or 95% confidence interval fence. It was found that CPO FFA increases with an increase in moisture content, temperature, and time in their linear term and in respect to decreases in their quadratic term, and interaction between moisture content and temperature. The CPO MC was also found to decrease with an increase in temperature and time and increases in the quadratic term of temperature. Although while the model for CPO FFA, based on Fisher's F-test: {mathrm{F}}_{mathrm{model}}(6.80)<{mathrm{F}}_{95mathrm{%}}(19.30), showed no lack-of-fit; that of CPO MC showed lack-of-fit, {mathrm{F}}_{mathrm{model}}(13.67)nless {mathrm{F}}_{95mathrm{%}}(4.39). Furthermore, based on inference from the statistical model, their kinetic models were also developed. While the CPO FFA kinetic, found to be a half-order kinetic model and its other auxiliary models showed a very good fit (R2 {0.9933–0.8614} and RMSE {0.0020–3.6716}); that of CPO MC was a poorly fitted first-order kinetic model (R2 {0.9885–0.3935} and RMSE {0.0605–17.8501}).

Data mining-based clinical profiles of substance use-related emergency department utilizers.

Substance-use is a prevalent presentation to the emergency department (ED); however, the clinical characterization of patients who are treated and discharged without admission for further treatment is under-investigated. The study aims to define and characterize the clinical profiles of this patient population. Patients' presentations were examined by clinical data mining (chart review) of ED records of substance use-related events of individuals discharged without admission for further treatment. Records (N=199) from three major hospitals in New York City from March and June 2017 were randomly sampled with primary diagnosis of alcohol, opioid-related and other psychoactive substance-use presentations. Qualitative thematic coding of clinical presentation with inter-rater reliability was performed. Quantitative distinctive validity tested independence through Pearson's chi-squared and analysis of variance using Fisher's F-test. Six distinct clinical profiles were identified, including, High Utilizers (chronically intoxicated with comorbid health conditions) (36.7%), Single Episode (20.1%), Service Request (14.1%), Altered Mental Status (13.6%), Overdose (9.0%), and Withdrawal (7.5%). The profiles differed (p<0.05) in age, housing status, payor, mode of arrival, referral source, index visit time, prescribed treatment, triage acuity level, psychiatric history, and medical history. Differences (p<0.05) between groups across clinical profiles in age and pain level at triage were observed. The identified clinical profiles represent the broad spectrum and complex nature of substance use-related ED utilization, highlighting critical factors of psychosocial and mental-health comorbidities. These findings provide a preliminary foundation to support person-centered interventions to decrease substance use-related ED utilization and to increase engagement/linkage of patients to addiction treatment.

THE INFLUENCE OF PETS ON THE EMOTIONAL STATE OF YOUTH DURING LOCKDOWN

Existing studies of correlation between the experience of owning and caring for a pet with the psycho-mental state of a person confirm the relevance of this scientific problem. It was substantiated that lockdown restrictions in this context turned out to be a significant factor, as they affect all parts of a personal life, in particular, psychological and social health. The empirical basis of the study is represented by methods: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Zigmond &amp; Snaith), Budner's Intolerance of Ambiguity Scale (IAS), UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) Loneliness Scale (D. Russell, L. A. Peplau, M. L. Ferguson), K. L. Milutina`s Responsible Pet Attitude Scale", author's questionnaire for understanding the pets behavior. For statistical data analysis we used Chi-square; descriptive statistics, Duncan's Multiple Range test (DMRT), Scheffé's Test for Multiple Comparisons contingency tables, One-way ANOVA, Fisher's F-test, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (KS test), Livigne's homogeneity criterion. The study sample consisted of 79 people, their age ranged from 16 to 26 years. Sex distribution: men - 20.2% (16), women - 79.4% (63). The study found that people who have animals have lower rates of depression and anxiety than non-owners do, but higher rates of intolerance to the unknown. It has been shown that people who give more care to their pets are slightly less depressed than those who do not pay attention to their pets. We found that anxiety does not significantly depend on the care of animals. The dynamics and causal relationship between animal care and anxiety remain controversial. As the prospects for further research, we see the empirical clarification of the young owner-pet relationship features depending on the owner`s separation from his family, functionality of this family, the purpose for buying and owning a pet; We also find interesting the study of the correlation between pet ownership and tolerance to the unknown. An important observation issue remains the consideration of ways to improve the psycho-emotional state of youth.

Investigation of buffer capacity of the recreational environmental through the self-purification of natural-technogenic hydroecosystems in the Carpathian region

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; The aim of research was to investigate the theoretical and practical aspects of the buffer capacity of the recreational environment of the Carpathian region of Ukraine through the improvement of self-purification assessment on the example of natural-technogenic hydroecosystems. Studies of the self-purification process were carried out on the example of the right tributaries of the river Svicha in the Carpathian region, which are water intakes of wastewater from the oil and gas industry enterprise of Ivano-Frankivsk region. The main factors influencing the natural process of self-purification of natural watercourses are determined. As a result, the indicator of wastewater dilution intensity was improved with the substantiation of the proposed coefficients, which depend on the value of the river flow velocity and water temperature. A scale for assessing surface waters has been developed, that allows to determine the degree of natural self-purification of water from pollutants. Based on the results of the analysis of selected water samples, the pattern of self-purification of natural watercourses from oil products is obtained, which will allow to make forecast maps of the buffer capacity of the recreational environment of the Carpathian region. A regression analysis was performed, which proves the relationship between the content of petroleum products and the distance of their distribution from the source of pollution in the Lushchava River. Fisher's F-test was used to check the significance of the dependence. The reliability of the relationship between the indicators is confirmed by the coefficient of determination (D = r2), which is 0.96. Summarizing the results of the study the scale of estimation of natural self-purification of surface waters from pollutants depending on the calculated indicator of wastewater dilution intensity which’s criteria are the accounting for speed of a river flow and a temperature mode is offered. When establishing the range of n values, the average value of the calculated indicator of the intensity of wastewater dilution for the studied rivers, which is 4, was taken into account. As a result, the proposed scale of assessment of natural self-purification of surface waters allows to determine the degree of self-purification of the right tributaries of the river Svicha, which is necessary for further forecasting of water pollution in the Carpathian region.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Use of High Performance Liquid Chromatography in the Analysis of a New Substance VMA-10-18

Introduction. Quinazoline derivatives have a wide range of pharmacological properties, which makes this group quite unique among other classes of heterocyclic compounds. Substance VMA-10-18, which has cerebrovasodilating, antidepressant, anxiolytic and nootropic properties, may become a promising new drug. In this regard, an urgent task is to develop methods for standardizing this substance.Aim. Development of a method for the quantitation of related impurities of a new biologically active substance VMA-10-18 (Quinazophene) by HPLC with subsequent statistical processing of the results.Materials and methods. To develop the conditions for chromatographic analysis, was used a highly purified substance 3-[2-(4-methoxyphenylamino)-2-oxoethyl]-quinazolin-4(3H)-one, as well as its related impurities: impurity I (unsubstituted quinazolin-4(3H)-one) and impurity II (4-methoxychloroacetanilide). Test solutions were prepared using volumetric glassware of accuracy class 1. Ethyl alcohol 95 % was used as a solvent. Chromatography was performed using a Dionex UltiMate 3000 system (Dionex, United States) with a spectrophotometric detector. The analysis was carried out at a wavelength of 231 nm. Data collection and processing was carried out using the Chromeleon v.7 system. A mixture of acetonitrile and orthophosphoric acid was used as a mobile phase. The analysis was performed in an isocratic mode. The validation of the developed method was carried out taking into account the requirements of the State Pharmacopeia of Russian Federation XIV edition and the recommendations of the ICH.Results and discussion. The optimal conditions for chromatography of the VMA-10-18 substance and its impurities have been developed. It was found that for a clear separation of the peaks of the substance and impurities among themselves, the mobile phase should contain acetonitrile and orthophosphoric acid in a ratio of 80 : 20. The specificity of the method was determined by chromatography of ethyl alcohol in order to exclude its influence on the analysis results. The linearity and correctness of the method were determined at 7 levels of concentration of impurities of the substance. The correlation coefficient has exceeded 0.99. Also, the free term of the linear dependence equation (a) for both impurities was less than its confidence interval (Δа), which proves the absence of a systematic error of the method. When determining the "Convergence" indicator, the calculated relative standard deviation did not exceed 2 %. When determining the intralaboratory precision, Student's t-test and Fisher's F-test were calculated. Both indicators met the stated requirements.Conclusion. A method for the quantitative determination of impurities in the VMA-10-18 substance by HPLC has been developed and validated.

Predicting the development of complications in patients with rhinosinusitis by cytokine profile indicators

Aim. To develop a method for predicting the development of complications in rhinosinusitis patients based on the cytokine profile study.&#x0D; Methods. We examined 110 patients with rhinosinusitis and 30 healthy donors (control group). The patients were divided into the group without a complicated course of rhinosinusitis (first group, n=65) and the group with a complicated course of rhinosinusitis (second group, n=45). The blood serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, interferon (IFN)- were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis of the results was performed by using Microsoft Excel 2013 and Statistica 12.0 software. Statistically significant differences between the compared groups were determined by using the MannWhitney U-test, and p 0.05 was considered significant. Multivariate analysis included correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The mathematical model consistency was determined by using Fisher's F-test, and p 0.05 was considered significant.&#x0D; Results. Changes in cytokine profile manifested by a decrease in the level of interleukin-1 (p=0.00001), interleukin-4 (p=0.045) and an increase in the level of interleukin-18 (p=0.00001) were revealed in patients with uncomplicated course of rhinosinusitis. The complicated course of rhinosinusitis was characterized by a decrease in the level of interleukin-1 (p=0.00002), interleukin-4 (p=0.049) and an increase in the level of interleukin-8 (p=0.023), interleukin-17 (p=0.00015) and interleukin-18 (p=0.0002). Comparative analysis of the first and the second groups of patients showed an increased level of interleukin-8 (p=0.00001), interleukin-17 (p=0.0001) and reduced levels of interleukin-18 (p=0.00045) in the group of patients with complicated course of rhinosinusitis. Based on interleukin-17, interleukin-8 and interleukin-18 levels, the mathematical model for predicting the development of complications in patients with rhinosinusitis was developed.&#x0D; Conclusion. The complicated course of rhinosinusitis was characterized by decreased levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-4 and increased levels of interleukin-17, interleukin-8 and interleukin-18, indicating a more pronounced inflammatory process; for personalized therapy, an approach based on interleukin-17, interleukin-8 and interleukin-18 levels was developed on which the development of a complicated course in patients with rhinosinusitis can be predicted.

Determination of Anaerobic Threshold by a new approach through the incremental exercise using proportion in HR and Ve changes in rowers

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this research is to create a non-invasive and easy to apply in practice approach to determine the anaerobic threshold based only on measurement of the pulmonary ventilation and the hearth rate. It uses proportions, with which these variables were changed during a maximal incremental test.&#x0D; Material and Methods. Twenty athletes from the national rowing team of Bulgaria with average age of 17.5 years were tested. Participants performed a one-time graded incremental exercise test to exhaustion on a rowing ergometer. The proposed new approach for determining the anaerobic threshold is related to detecting the power. Thus, one curve (obtained from differences in percentages of hearth rate and pulmonary ventilation) crosses the other one (obtained from pulmonary ventilation in percentages). The crossing point corresponds to the anaerobic threshold. This approach was compared with two methods determining the lactate threshold, by blood lactate measurement.&#x0D; Results. The Shapiro-Wilk test results indicated, that the samples of the heart rate of the compared methods have a normal or close to the normal distribution. The Fisher's F-test demonstrated, that the standard deviations of the samples do not differ significantly two by two at ɑ=0.05. The Bland&amp;Altman test presented, that the 95% of all measurement data points lie within the confidence interval limit for each of the comparisons made between the new approach and two methods.&#x0D; Conclusions. Our proposed approach is non-invasive and can be easily applied in the field conditions, without using gas-analysing devices. In addition, it is reliable, reproducible and comparable to the accepted for “Gold Standard” methods for determination of anaerobic threshold with 95% statistical significance.

Modern aspects of the complex treatment of perforated gastric and duodenal ulcer

To study the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for perforated gastric ulcer in a surgical hospital. A retrospective analysis of the treatment of 693 patients with perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers was carried out. Laparoscopic and open surgeries were performed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica and MS Excel software packages. Student t-test was applied for independent samples and Fisher's F-test was calculated. Combined therapy included surgical treatment (suturing of the ulcer as a rule) and medication with proton pump inhibitors, antibacterial drugs. Over the past 5 years, postoperative quality of life has been significantly improved in patients with perforated ulcers. Stomach resection and vagotomy for perforated ulcers will become historical in the near future. Laparoscopic and open procedures ensure similar periods of ulcer closure. Currently, successful treatment of perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers requires an integrated approach at all levels of specialized care and is impossible without modern pharmacotherapy.

SELF-EFFICACY AND IMPLICIT NOTIONS OF INTELLIGENCE AS COGNITIVE PREDICTORS OF A PERSON'S INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL

This article analyzes the concepts of self-efficacy, implicit theories of intelligence and personality as important factors in revealing the innovative potential of the individual. Theoretical information about self-efficacy, implicit theories, innovative potential of personality and features of interrelation of these phenomena are generalized, systematized and expanded. The results of an empirical study of the nature of the relationship between the features of implicit human ideas about intelligence and personality, self-efficacy, motivation to achieve, personality traits with indicators of its innovative potential. The study was conducted with the involvement of an empirical sample of students, a total of 67 people, for the operationalization of theoretical constructs and empirical testing of hypotheses used six psychodiagnostic techniques. Correlation (r-Pearson correlation coefficient), cluster (k-means method) and regression (Fisher's F-test) analyzes were used as mathematical and statistical methods of processing the research results. To predict the level of innovative potential of the individual on the basis of implicit ideas of the individual about intelligence, a correlation-regression model is built. It has been found that a high level of person`s self-efficacy and a tendency to incremental ideas about intellect can be considered as important predictors of human innovation potential. The high level of self-efficacy of the individual and the tendency to incremental ideas about intelligence and personality are positively correlated with indicators of human innovation potential.

Analysis of Study Results of Development of Foreign Language Communicative Commptence of Lecturers of Higher Military Educational Institutions

The article deals with the essence of theoretic and experimental check of author’s andragogical model of development of foreign language communicative competence of lecturers of higher military educational institutions into educational process. The definition of “foreign language communicative competence” and its structure is proposed by author. The article reveals the main stages of experiment of foreign language communicative competence development. The results of pedagogical experiment on development foreign language communicative competence were presented and substantiated with help of Fisher F-test. The efficiency of the andragogical model was statistically proved.