Fisheries Sub-sector Research Articles

Macroeconomic Variables Affecting Fish Production in Nigeria

The study is an attempt to examine the influence of macroeconomic variables on the growth of fishery sub-sector in Nigeria. The study covers the period from 1961 and 2017. The results apparently revealed that aquaculture production, artisanal fish production, and total fish production, grew exponentially at the rate of 8.90%, 3.75%, and 4.25% respectively. To be more precise, various other factors like, demand shocks, food imports, and variable exchange rate, affected artisanal fish production in the long-run; while exchange rate and demand shocks were significant in the short-run period. For the aquaculture production, demand shocks, credit potential, inflation, food imports, and exchange rate were some significant policy variables in the long-run; whereas demand shocks and exchange rate were also significant in the short-run period. Finally, as far as the total fish production is concerned, demand shocks, food imports, and exchange rate were significantly trending variables, both in the short and long-run periods. To promote fish production in Nigeria, fish imports should be gradually restricted and the economic system regulated to ensure the stability of naira exchange for the US dollar.

Perception and Participation of Fishermen in The Sustainable Management of Mud Crabs on The Outermost Small Island (Case Study : Enggano Island, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia)

Enggano Island is one of 111 small outermost islands in Indonesia and administratively belongs to the North Bengkulu Regency Bengkulu Province. Of 881 households, as many as 20.89% worked in the capture fisheries sub-sector. One species of capture fisheries which is the economic basis is mud crabs with an average production of 37.85 tons per year. In its life cycle, mud crabs are associated with mangrove ecosystems. This study aims to 1) examine the perception and participation of fishermen in the management of mud crabs and mangrove ecosystems on the small outer islands and 2) analyze factors that influence the participation of fishermen in the sustainable management of mud crabs and mangrove ecosystems in a sustainable manner. The analytical tool used is the Likert scale and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the perception of fishermen towards mud crabs was in a good category with a score of 3.46 and the perception of fishermen on mangrove ecosystems was in the very good category with a score of 4.23. The participation of fishermen in the sustainable management of mud crabs is categorized in the high category with the score of 3.81, and the participation of fishermen in the sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems is categorized in the very high participation category with the score of 4.35. Fishermen’s participation in mud crab management is influenced by perception of mangrove ecosystems and income as fishermen. The participation of fishermen in the sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems is influenced by perceptions of the mangrove ecosystem and the income of fishermen from other sources.

PERAN KELOMPOK PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN (POKDAKAN) ACI BAHARI DALAM PEMBUDIDAYAAN IKAN BANDENG DI DESA PESISIR KECAMATAN GENDING, KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO

Probolinggo Regency is one of the production centers for milkfish producers in East Java. Milkfish has a very good prospect to be developed in the agribusiness especially in fisheries subsector. One of milkfish cultivators group that is known to be active in Probolinggo Regency is Aci Bahari Fish Cultivators Group (Pokdakan). This research aimed to explain the role of Aci Bahari Fish Cultivators Group (Pokdakan) on the cultivation of milkfish in Pesisir Village of Gending District, Probolinggo Regency. The research area was determined by purposive method in Pesisir Village. The research used descriptive qualitative method. Determination of informant conducted by purposive sampling. The methods used in collecting data are interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis method used is Miles and Huberman model. The results of the research showed that (1) The role of Aci Bahari Pokdakan as a learning class included the formulation of learning needs, routine group meetings, learning motivation, learning processes and the activeness of the group. (2) The role of Aci Bahari Pokdakan as a vehicle for cooperation included the atmosphere of cooperation, the division of tasks, deliberation of problems, planning of providing production facilities and cooperation with other production parties. (3) The role of Aci Bahari Pokdakan as a production unit included decision making, preparation of the group needs, technology facilities, implementation of group agreements and increasing production sustainability.

PERAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN KABUPATEN CILACAP PERIODE 2002-2013 (Dengan Pendekatan Tipologi Klassen, Shift Share, dan Loqation Quetient)

The purpose of this study are: 1) to analyze the position of each sub-sector of agriculture in Cilacap economies, 2) to analyze the growth of each sub-sector of agriculture in Cilacap economies, and 3) to analyze which sub-sectors become the agricultural subsector basis in Cilacap. The Klassen Typology, the Shift Share, and the Loqation Quetient were employed to analyze the data of GDRP Cilacap and Central Java province from 2002 until 2013. The analysis showed that the position of sub-sectors of agriculture in Cilacap economies from 2002 until 2013 are: 1) sub-sector of food crops, livestocks, fisheries and forestries is in the lagging position, and 2) sub-sector of plantations is in the potential position. Based on the proportional growth component, plantations and livestocks experienced rapid growths. Subsequent analyses indicate that food crops and forestries become the basis of Cilacap economies.

ANALISIS SEKTOR UNGGULAN DI KABUPATEN NAGAN RAYA TAHUN 2012 - 2017(Analysis of Leading Sectors in Nagan Raya Regency, in 2012 – 2017)

This study was aimed at highlighting the leading sectors of economy in Nagan Raya Regency. The data were gained from Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP) on the basis of diverse economic sectors in Nagan Raya Regency from 2012 to 2017. This research utilized two types of calculation method, namely Location Quotient (LQ) and Klassen’s Typology method. When overlay was carried out between the method of LQ and Klassen’s Typology method, it could be concluded that sub-sectors of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Hunting and Agricultural service were could classified as more leading sectors in Nagan Raya because these sectors suited the criteria of those two methods. Sub-sectors of Forestry and Logging, and sectors of Mining and Excavation merely matched the criteria of LQ method. Accordingly, construction sector was in line with Klassen’s Typology. However, the classifications of Klassen Typology method which encompassed the progressing and growing sector categories in Nagan Raya Regency were as follows 1) Sub-Sector of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Hunting and Agricultural Service and 2) Construction Sector. The potential sectors were 1) Industrial Processing Sector 2) Electricity Power Provision Sector 3) Accommodation, Drink and Food Sector 4) Finance and Insurance Service. However, the categories of saturated sectors included 1) Mining and Excavation and 2) and a Large Scale Business and a Retail Business, Car and Motorcycle Reparation. Meanwhile, the categories of lagging sectors were 1) Forestry and Logging, 2) Sub-Sector of Fisheries 3) Water Provision, Garbage Management, Wastes and Recycling 4) Transportation and Warehousing; 5) Information and Communication; 6) Real Estate 7) Company Service 8) Government Administration; Defense and Required Social Security 9) Educational Service 10) Health Service; Social Activities and 11) Other sorts of services.

The Sustainability of Livelihoods of Villages around the Tin Mine in Bangka Islands

Massive tin mining activities in Bangka Belitung Islands Province have caused a detrimental effect that reduces the livelihoods of the people living around the mining area. On the other hand, there has been a shift in livelihoods from agrarian communities to mining communities that increase anxieties on the livelihoods in the future. The purpose of this study is to obtain information about the sustainability of the switched people livelihoods which concentrated in villages around the tin mining area. The study utilized qualitative methods, collected data through interviews and focus group discussions on community leaders, village government officials, and mining actors to analyze aspects of vulnerability and household livelihood strategies based on a sustainable livelihood framework. The results of the study reveal that household groups that work with mining owners and mining tailings have the most vulnerable livelihood resources because their main source of income from tin mining activities is only able to meet their daily needs. Furthermore, the group has very limited land and social relationships that rely solely on elements of kinship and moneylender services when faced with financial difficulties. However, most of these households began to respond to the end of the post-tin economy in the pepper plantation and trade sub-sector. In addition, business opportunities in the sub-sector of livestock, horticulture, and capture fisheries for coastal villages have been utilized by mining owners as the alternative livelihoods.

Service delivery effectiveness of Farmers’ Information and Advice Centres in Dinajpur Sadar Upazila of Bangladesh

The indispensability of information in agricultural development led to the setting up of Farmers’ Information and Advice Centres (FIACs) by the government of Bangladesh all over the country. The FIACs mainly provide information related to different agriculture sub-sectors like crop, fisheries and livestock with the overall aim of improving farmers’ livelihood. Hence, the effectiveness along with problems and suggestions for improvement of the FIACs’ services were examined in this study by surveying two FIACs of Dinajpur sadar upazila. The effectiveness of FIAC was determined on some selected farm (crop, fisheries and livestock) information based on three dimensions viz. information received, its understanding and application. Data were collected using interview schedule from a sample of 96 farmers selected by proportionate random sampling method. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) were used in the analysis. In terms of crop production sub-sector, all the respondents (100%) received, understood and applied ‘tomato seed production technology’ information, followed by ‘rice seed production and preservation technology’ (96.9%). Also, as for the livestock sub-sector, all the respondents (100%) received, understood and applied ‘beef fattening through UMS method’ information, followed by ‘livestock rearing’ (89.5%). Similarly, in case of fisheries sub-sector, all the respondents (100%) receive, understand and apply ‘Pangas (Pangasius pangasius) culture method’ information, followed by ‘preparation of an ideal pond’ (92.3%). In essence, the FIACs are quiet effective in their service delivery. Among the seven selected characteristics of the respondents, educational qualification, family income and perception on the service delivery efficiency of FIACs showed positive significant association with the effectiveness of the FIAC. However, the foremost problems mentioned by the respondents were FIACs staff inefficiency (83.33%) and lack of effective long term training program for both farmers and staff (73.84%). To address the identified problems, the respondents suggested recruitment of more staff (78.13%) and organizing more training programs for both staff and farmers (67.71 percent).

The Effect of Financial Ratio, EVA and Exchange Rate on Stock Return in Fishery Subsector

The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between financial ratio and EVA with fishery subsector stock return in Indonesia. The finacial ratio used in this study are Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Return on Equity (ROE) who are represent liquidity, solvency, and companies profitability. Other factor that has to be measured is Economic Value Added (EVA). EVA has been used for years to measure companies performance, however there are a lot of diferent result among researcher around the world about EVA as the best finacial peformance indicator for companies and can affect companies stock return. One of the macroeconomic factor that expected to have significant effect on stock return is exchange rate. The activity of fishery industries are circle around export and import, therefore exchange rate are expected to be the macroeconmic factor that could affect stock return. The result of this research shown that there are no significant relationship between finacial ratio, EVA, and exchange rate with stock return in fishery subsector.

Comparative analysis of technical efficiency of catfish farms using different technologies in Lagos State, Nigeria: a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach

BackgroundThere is no gainsaying the fact that demand for proteins has continuously outweighed supply in Nigeria. This is largely due to the rising population on one part and the low level of technology to cope with changing production practices specifically in the fishery sub-sector and agricultural production in general on the other part. The resultant effect of this is the widening demand and supply gap which often culminate in farmers devising different technologies or approaches to mediate the shortfall. This study therefore examined comparative analysis of technical efficiency among catfish producers using different construction designs in Lagos State, Nigeria. A sample consisting of 43 earthen catfish producers, 33 cage culture and 37 plastics tank was selected from three agricultural zones in the state. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, budgetary and profitability analysis, regression analysis and Data Envelopment Analysis approach.Results and main findingsOverall average technical efficiency estimates obtained under the Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) and Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) specification for earthen catfish producers were 0.92 and 0.73, respectively. The overall average technical efficiency estimates for VRS and CRS specification under cage culture catfish producers were 0.92 and 0.79, respectively, and overall mean estimates obtained for VRS and CRS specification under plastic tank catfish producers were 0.95 and 0.69, respectively. However, for CRS under earthen pond, two variables, sex and age of farmer with t values of − 2.10 and 1.82, were equally significant. Again, for CRS under cage culture, two variables were significant, and these were years of formal education and primary occupation with t values of − 2.09 and 2.16. Under CRS for plastic tank, two variables—age and religion with t values of 2.04 and 1.99—were significant at 5 and 10%, respectively.ConclusionsThe study concludes that the most efficient and profitable construction designs among earthen, cage culture and plastic tank are the earthen pond. This is because of its cost-effectiveness in terms of design and management as well as the limited impact on the environment. As indicated, years of formal education were significant in all the designs revealing that education plays a pivotal role in efficiency. The implication of the findings is that famers should be better educated on the dangers inherent in polluting water bodies to avoid contamination (since the earthen pond is the most efficient) to enhance catfish production if the much desired production increase is to be sustained.

Costs and return analysis of fish farming in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State Nigeria

The study examines the costs and returns analysis of fish farming in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State. A twostage sampling technique was used to select 30 fish farmers from two local government areas in the Calabar metropolis. Data for the study were sourced via structured questionnaire and were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics alongside budgetary techniques. Results showed that more men (70%) were involved in fish farming and that 33% were between the age brackets of 40 – 49 years, operating majorly (56,70%) on small scale basis with 40% of them having a family size of 2 - 4 persons and most (83.3%) being literates. The results of the budgetary analysis show that average total cost (TC) of ₦525,000 was incurred and total revenue (TR) of ₦650,000 was realized giving a returning gross margin (GM) of ₦425,000 with a Net farm income (NFI) of ₦125,000 per cycle. This is an indication that fish farming is profitable in the study area using a minimum of 1000 fingerlings for a start. From the results, feeds cost, production systems, education level and stocking density were important factors that influence fish output. Constraints perceived by most of the farmers include: high cost of fish feeds, lack of awareness and skilled personnel were identified ab initio that hindered fish production in the area. The study, therefore, recommended that the development of nutritive research institute for the development of fish feeds is a sine qua none for enhanced productivity in the fishery subsector in Nigeria. Keywords: Fish farming, fingerlings, returns, revenue, total cost

The Effects of Trade Facilitation on Indonesian Fisheries Export

The growth in the volume and export value of fishery subsector shows the importance role of its sector to Indonesian economy. The export performance is influenced by many aspects, including trade facilitation. The problem faced by Indonesia is the low quality of trade facilitation resulting in relatively high trade costs, and this will affect the export performance. This research aims to analyze the effect of trade facilitation as well as other related variables on the Indonesia export in the fishery subsector, shrimp commodity exports, and export of tuna, mackerel tuna, as well as skipjack tuna. This study used panel data with ten years time series from 2007 to 2016, and the cross section data included ten major export destination countries. The data were analyzed using the gravity model with fixed effect estimation method. The study results showed that trade facilitation and other related variables had an effect on Indonesian fishery, shrimp, and tuna, mackerel tuna, as well as skipjack tuna exports. Based on the research results, Indonesian fishery exports can be improved by, firstly improving capacity and quality port infrastructure. Secondly, improving capacity and quality of electricity supply. Thirdly, the institutional quality is primarily concerned with ethics and corruption, and fourthly, the efficiency of trade across border needs to be improved in the hope of increasing the Indonesian export in the fishery subsector. Keywords: export, fishery, gravity model, trade facilitation

Sektor Unggulan dan Transformasi Ekonomi di Kabupaten Badung

Leading Sector and Transformation of Economic in Badung Regency
 The development of tourism in Badung regency is rapidly causing inequality of regional development between north and south and the imbalance of development between economic sectors. The purpose of this study is to analyze the basic sectors and economic structure in Badung Regency. This study uses secondary data in the form of data of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), growth rate, and data of working population. Data collection methods used were documentation studies and analyzed using location quotient, dynamic location quotient, total shift share, and shift share. The results of analysis showed that the basis sectors in economic structure of Badung Regency is water supply, waste, and recycling sector, construction sector, transportation and warehousing sector, accommodation and feeding supply sector, and information and communications. The agricultural sub-sector has three sub-sub-sectors that are able to become the basis sub-subsector in the future are food crop sub-sub-sectors, horticultural crops sub-subsector, and fishery sub-sector. Two factors causing the change of agriculture, forestry and fishery sub-sector positions in the economic structure of Badung Regency, namely economic structure and location factor. The economic structure of Badung Regency is transformed from agriculture to services, especially tourism services, followed by shifts in labor absorption.

Peran Sektor Pertanian Arti Luas dalam Perekonomian Papua (Pendekatan Model Input-Output)

The aim of this study is to know contribution of agriculture sectors on Gross Domestic Product of Papua in 2002 based on input-output table analysis. The result of analyzing shows that contribution of agriculture sectors in broad meaning to Gross Domestic Regional Product of Papua about 20,11% . Based on backward linkage analysis, it describes that plantations subsector; animal husbandry subsector and fishery subsector have an increase number in backward linkage, on the other hand backward linkage of food crops goes down. Furthermore, forward linkage of agriculture sectors which have link with others sector is fall in 2002. In conclusion, contribution of agriculture setors on Gross Domestic Regional product of Papua in 2002 is still low. In case link internal sector in agriculture sector such as animal husbandry with food crops subsector and plantations subsector are higher than forestry subsector. Therefore, anything which need to be considered by Papua Government are government provides stimulus agriculture sectors that have high link with others sector and also considers sectors that have strong backward and forward linkage in economic Papua.

The Relation of Environmental Quality and Fishery Sector in Indonesia

The condition of fishery sector is currently stagnating, even tending to decline, which is indicated by the decrease of production in some areas in Indonesia. Environmental degradation in marine waters is due to global climate change and uncontrolled fish exploitation impact on the decline of marine fisheries production. While in aquaculture, the environmental quality is also indicated to influence the production. Nevertheless, the increase of production of both marine and terrestrial fisheries has an effect on the quality of the environment. This study aims to analyze the interrelationship between the influence of environmental quality on the production of fishery sub-sector and the influence of fishery subsector production on environmental quality. This research employs environmental quality data and output of fishery of 34 provinces in Indonesia during 2011-2015. The study finds that output of fishery sector affects the environmental quality, which proves the Environment Kuznets Curve in the fishery sector in Indonesia. Since a certain threshold is achieved, the increase in revenue followed by the increase in environmental quality. The study also finds that the environmental quality has a positive effect on the production of fishery. Implication of the study is the increase of income of fishery households can be encouraged the ability of the community to protect the environment and increases the willingness of households to sacrifice other goods to environmental protection.

Capital formation in fisheries sector in India: trends, compositional changes and potential implications for sustainable development

This paper analyses the trends in capital formation in fisheries sub-sector and the responsiveness of fisheries sector to capital formation during the period of 1990-91 to 2014-15. We find structural breaks in capital formation, coinciding with policy changes. There has been a deceleration in capital formation immediate post-liberalisation. The share of fisheries sub-sector in agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) has gradually increased, from 4.3 % in 1994-95 to 5.4% in 2014-15. Correspondingly, the share of fisheries sub-sector in gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) in agricultural sector has increased from 3.4% to 9.7%. However, the efficiency of investment in the fisheries sub-sector has declined; the incremental capital output ratio (ICOR) has increased from 3.2 to 8.3 during this period. The fast decline of the efficiency of capital can be attributed to over-capitalisation of some segments of this sub-sector, particularly marine fisheries characterised by a large number of mechanised fishing vessels. The public capital formation in fisheries as a share of the total pubic capital formation is very low. Inland fisheries also face sustainability issues in terms of environmental degradation. Improving the capital productivity warrants implementation of norms of sustainable fisheries. This requires prioritization of segments for capital infusion and prioritization of geographical locations.

Capital formation in fisheries sector in India: trends, compositional changes and potential implications for sustainable development

This paper analyses the trends in capital formation in fisheries sub-sector and the responsiveness of fisheries sector to capital formation during the period of 1990-91 to 2014-15. We find structural breaks in capital formation, coinciding with policy changes. There has been a deceleration in capital formation immediate post-liberalisation. The share of fisheries sub-sector in agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) has gradually increased, from 4.3 % in 1994-95 to 5.4% in 2014-15. Correspondingly, the share of fisheries sub-sector in gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) in agricultural sector has increased from 3.4% to 9.7%. However, the efficiency of investment in the fisheries sub-sector has declined; the incremental capital output ratio (ICOR) has increased from 3.2 to 8.3 during this period. The fast decline of the efficiency of capital can be attributed to over-capitalisation of some segments of this sub-sector, particularly marine fisheries characterised by a large number of mechanised fishing vessels. The public capital formation in fisheries as a share of the total pubic capital formation is very low. Inland fisheries also face sustainability issues in terms of environmental degradation. Improving the capital productivity warrants implementation of norms of sustainable fisheries. This requires prioritization of segments for capital infusion and prioritization of geographical locations.

Typology of Fisheries Sector and Income Disparities at Cirebon Regency

Development is directedactions to obtain a better quality of life. Development policy is intended to provide equity in the part of development, but the disparities between regions are still occur. The actual disparities are caused by potential distinct of Natural Resources (SDA) and demographic conditions which in the development process lead to uneven distribution of income per capita. This study aims to analyze the major disparities of coastal and non-coastal income in Cirebon Regency and analyze the position of the fishery sector as the economic base in Cirebon Regency in year 2011-2015. This research was conducted by survey method, the sampling technique by purposive sampling method. Data collection technique by recording directly on time series data sheets from 2011-2015 and filling questionnaires by coastal and non-coastal communities, the Department of Marine and Fisheries, Planning Agency Regional Development, as well as the Central Bureau of Statistics of Cirebon Regency. The results showed that income disparities in non-coastal areas were higher than coastal areas with an average value of the Williamson Index of 0.20 for coastal areas and 0.29 for non-coastal areas, while through economic base analysis showed that fishery sub-sector in Kabupaten Cirebon is the economic base sector with some superior commodities such as tiger shrimp, shellfish, octopus and crab.

ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL LEADING SUBSECTOR DISTRICT/CITIES IN BENGKULU PROVINCE

The purpose of this study was to determine the agricultural leading subsector in the districts/ cities in Bengkulu Province and the conditions of agricultural leading subsectors district/ cites status as a Main Area in Bengkulu Province before and after the expansion area. The analysis method used Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), Shift-Share analysis (SS) and Overlay analysis. The study used secondary data, such as Gross Domestic Regional Bruto (PDRB) of districts/cities in Bengkulu Province and Bengkulu Province from 2004 until 2014 based on constant basic price. The result of this study showed that agricultural leading subsector based on the overlay analysis (combined analysing from three analysis method) are livestock subsector and plantation crops subsector, sepecially in Bengkulu City and Kaur. In South Bengkulu, before the expansion area, the fisheries subsector to be the only agricultural leading subsector. After the expansion, the agricultural leading subsectors increased to fisheries subsector and livestock subsector. In Rejang Lebong, food crops subsector remains a agricultural leading subsectors both before and after doing the expansion area. Meanwhile, in North Bengkulu, before the expansion area livestock subsector as the agricultural leading subsector. When do expansion area, position of the livestock subsector replaced by fisheries subsector.

KAJIAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA

This study aims to determine the size of the contribution to the agricultural sector and to determine whether the agricultural sector became the basic sector and any agricultural sub-sector that became the base sector. The data used were collected from Central Bureau of Statistics of North Minahasa District, Central Statistics Agency of North Sulawesi, North Minahasa BAPPEDA. The data is then analyzed by calculating how much the contribution of agriculture sector to the economi of North Minahasa District, LQ, and economic growth rate. The results showed that the contribution of the agricultural sector tends to decrease in the period 2010-2015, but the agricultural sector is still the sector that has the largest contribution in PDRB Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Average growth rate of agriculture sector during the period of 2010-2015 was amounted to 4.48% the calculation of LQ indicates that the agricultural sector was still the base sector in North Minahasa Regency and agriculture sub-sector which is the base sub-sector was horticulture and the others, annual plantation sector such as the livestock sub sector and fishery sub-sector.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG IKAN DI BEBERAPA PASAR TRADISIONAL DI MEULABOH

Fishery sub-sector is one sub-sector that has great potential to be developed. This study aims to determine how much influence the working capital, the number of fish sold, and the number of hours worked against the income of fish traders in Meulaboh. In this case hypothesized that the working capital variable, the number of fish sold, the number of working hours significantly and positively affect the income of fish traders in Meulaboh. Thus any increase that occurs in each variable will increase the income of fish traders in Meulaboh. Based on the results of the analysis, for the variable X1, H0 rejected and H1 accepted, it means working capital variables significantly affect pedapatan fish traders. For variables X2 and X3, H0 received H1 is rejected, meaning the number of fish sold and the number of working hours have no significant effect on the income of fish traders. Simultaneously, the working capital variable, the number of fish sold and the number of working hours significantly affect the merchant's income. 97.6% of changes in merchant income can be explained by changes in working capital variables, number of fish sold and number of working hours simultaneously. While the remaining 2.4% is explained by other variables that are not included as variables in the study. VIF values indicate that there is multicolinearity so it must be tested between independent variables. R12> R2 and R22> R2, it means multicollonierity.