Fisheries Sub-sector Research Articles

Increasing Agricultural Sector Investment through Sectors and Regional Leading Products in Central Java Province

This article aims to analyze the advantages and competitiveness of agricultural sectors and sub-sectors that have advantages in the economy of Central Java Province. The analytical tools used to determine the leading sectors and sub-sectors are location quotient (LQ), Klassen Analysis, Shift Share Analysis, and Sectoral Typology. By using data from 2023, it was found that overall, most of the sub-fields in the agriculture, forestry and fisheries business sector of Central Java Province were categorized as competitive sectors. The subsector that is not categorized as competitive is food crops. The agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector is categorized as an advanced business field and its growth is very fast, but the forestry and logging, fisheries sub-sector has a slow growth speed but is a growing industry. The agriculture, livestock, hunting, and agricultural services sub-fields have very fast and advanced growth so that they can become regional superior potential. The commodities of food crops and plantation crops still need further attention because the speed of growth is still hampered, although the industry has potential and is developing.

Kajian pengembangan agrotechnopreneurship berbasis potensi sektor pertanian di Kabupaten Jember

Jember Regency is an agricultural area in East Java Province that produces various agricultural commodities that can be used as a base in developing agrotechnopreneurship activities. In general, this research aims to analyze the potential for agrotechnopreneurship development based on the potential of the agricultural sector in Jember Regency, including subsectors of food crops, horticulture, plantations, fisheries, and livestock. The aspects studied in detail include identifying agrotechnopreneurship products that have the potential to be developed in Jember Regency, determining potential agrotechnopreneurship products in each agricultural subsector, calculating the added value obtained, and estimating market opportunities for potential agrotechnopreneurship products. There are several methods used in this research, including descriptive methods for the identification of agrotechnopreneurship products, the MPE method to determine potential agrotechnopreneurship products, the Hayami method to calculate the added value of potential agrotechnopreneurship products, and Least Square method to calculate the estimated amount of market demand for potential agrotechnopreneurship products. The results showed that the number of agrotechnopreneurship products identified was recorded at 93 products, including products from the food crop subsector (23 products), horticulture subsector (28 products), plantation subsector (17 products), livestock subsector (5 products), and fishery subsector (20 products). Agrotechnopreneurship products selected as potential products include mocaf flour (food crops), chili sauce (horticulture), coconut briquettes (plantation), cow's milk kefir (livestock), and shredded catfish (fishery). Agrotechnopreneurship products that have the highest added value are coconut briquettes (49%) and shredded catfish (45%), followed by cow's milk kefir (39%), mocaf (18%), and chili sauce (10%). The results of the market potential analysis show that the potential agrotechnopreneurship products analyzed have good market prospects and tend to increase market demand.

Kontribusi perikanan pukat cincin yang berpangkalan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Tumumpa terhadap PDRB Kota Manado di masa Covid-19

Covid-19 brought their intensive effects in marine fishery subsector in Manado by the end of 2019. The research aimed at finding out how far the effect of purse seine fishery contribute on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) Manado between before and after Covid-19. Secondary data collected from of BPS Manado dan North Sulawesi in 2018 - 2022, while primary data i.e purse seiner’s catches and its value production from the annual reports of Tumumpa coastal fishing port by direct observation on board. Data was analyzed using Location Quotient (LQ) approach. The result of data analysis showed, there was a declining production during Covid-19 due to a lack of fishing operation activities, having a consequence in fish production value decreasing, because the fish distribution obstruction from the centres of producer to the centres of consumer. Before Covid-19 period, it gained the average catches of 10,7 million tons.yrs-1 (increasing 17,46% yrs-1), with production value of Rp. 159,6 billion yrs-1 (increase 23,23% yrs-1). During Covid-19, average cathes of purse seiner was 11,3 billion tons yrs-1 (decline 8,25% yrs-1) and production value of Rp. 204,3 billion yrs-1 in average (decline of 8,30% yrs-1). Purse seine fishery contribution on GRDP Manado decrease from 0,10% yrs-1 before Covid-19 (2017-2019) to - 0.42% yrs-1 during Covid-19 (2020-2012). During these two periods, (marine) fishery subsector had a LQ < 1, meant that this subsector was really not a basis of the subsector. To fulfill the Manado society consumption on fishes, it is required to supply fishes from other locations. The other side, the business of purse seiner fishery brought an agreeable advantage.

Optimization of antimicrobial activity of sea cucumber Holothuria scabra extract using reflux extraction based on two levels factorial analysis

Abstract Sea cucumber Holothuria scabra is a potential export commodity in the fisheries sub-sector. Some are used indirectly in extract form. Selection of the extraction method is carried out by considering its activity. One of the benefits that is often claimed in sea cucumber products is antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of sea cucumbers after the extraction process using the reflux method. The ethanol 70% was used as solvent with citric acid as catalyst. Selection of the extraction solvent and catalyst is carried out by considering its safety for human consumption. The catalyst is used to hydrolyze polysaccharides. With the presence of a catalyst combine with various contact times, and temperature we try to assay its microbial activity. We used a fixed amount of solvent and the catalyst concentration was set from 0 to 1% (w/v), contact time 6 to 18 hours, temperature 25 to 55 °C. The experiment design was using factorial analysis at two levels. All the solution was filtered and evaporated to get the dried extract and freeze-dried before it was tested in S. aureus, B. subtilis, and E. coli to see its inhibition zone. The result showed that on SA catalyst and temperature had a significant effect on the inhibition zone. However, on BS and EC, only the catalyst has a significant effect on the inhibition zone. The best-obtained result was estimated using higher catalyst concentration, shorter extraction times, and the lowest temperature.

Analisis Tren Nilai Tukar Petani Antar Subsektor Pertanian Di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara

This study aims to analyze the trend of Farmer Exchange Rate between five agricultural subsectors in North Sulawesi Province in 2013-2022. The data collection method in this research is the secondary data survey method. This research uses time series data in 2013-2022 obtained from the North Sulawesi Central Bureau of Statistics. Data analysis in this study used trend analysis with the least square method. The results showed an increasing trend in the five subsectors in the future. The trend analysis formula formed in the food crop subsector is 98.10 + 0.38x, in the horticulture subsector is 101.55 + 0.41x, in the plantation subsector 96.85 + 0.46x, in the livestock subsector is 102.21 + 0.28x, and in the fisheries subsector is 104.049 + 0.34x. The subsector that showed the highest increase was the plantation subsector. The subsector that experienced the lowest increase was the livestock subsector.

The Competitiveness Of Indonesian Frozen Shrimp (HS030617) Export in European Market

Shrimp is one of the top ten major commodities that significantly contribute to foreign exchange earnings in the fisheries sub-sector. Indonesia is among the world's fourth-largest exporters of frozen shrimp commodities. The European market holds a 25% share as one of the main global importers of shrimp products. The research method employed includes Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) to analyze competitiveness through comparative advantage and Export Product Dynamic (EPD) to assess competitive positions in the European market from 2018 to 2022. The research results indicate that Indonesian frozen shrimp (HS 030617) exhibits high competitiveness in the European market, except in Italy and Spain. Meanwhile, through competitive advantage, the competitive export position of Indonesian frozen shrimp commodities (HS 030617) varies in the European market.

CLUSTERING SHRIMP DISTRIBUTION IN INDONESIA USING THE X-MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM

Shrimp is one of the marine biological resources available in almost all Indonesian waters and is one of the mainstay export commodities from the fisheries sub-sector. This is expected to improve the welfare of the community, so it is necessary to cluster the distribution of shrimp in Indonesia. Clustering is a data mining technique used to group data or partition datasets into subsets. One of the best clustering algorithms is X-means. X-means clustering is used to solve one of the main disadvantages of K-means clustering, namely the need for prior knowledge of the number of clusters (K). The purpose of this research is to obtain the results of clustering the distribution of shrimp in Indonesia using the X-means clustering algorithm. The data used in this study comes from the publication of Marine and Coastal Resources Statistics 2022 by the Central Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia. This study obtained the results that there are 3 clusters in the clusterization of shrimp distribution in Indonesia. Cluster 0 consists of 1 province, cluster 1 consists of 27 provinces, and cluster 2 consists of 6 provinces.

Study of Leading Products to Map the Potential of Agribusiness For Tourism Development in the City of Banjarmasin

The study aims to map the potential of superior agribusiness products for tourism development in Banjarmasin City. The research method is quantitative descriptive using secondary data obtained from BPS South Kalimantan Province and Banjarmasin City. The analysis technique identifies the internal potential of a region, namely basic sectors and non-basic sectors. The potential for agribusiness in the Food Crop Agriculture Sub Sector in Banjarmasin City which can become a base for food crop commodities is the South Banjarmasin District and the North Banjarmasin District. The potential for agribusiness in the Livestock Sub Sector in Banjarmasin City which can be the basis for the livestock sub-sector is the District of South Banjarmasin and Central Banjarmasin. The Fisheries Sub Sector in Banjarmasin City which can be the basis for the livestock sub sector is the North Banjarmasin District and the East Banjarmasin District. The results of research on agribusiness potential in Banjarmasin City seen from the Food Crop Agriculture Sub-Sector include rice, Siamese oranges, and bananas. The agribusiness potential of the Livestock Sub-Sector includes beef cattle, broiler chickens, laying hens, ducks, quail, goats, and free-range chickens. The Fisheries Sub-Sector includes: capture fisheries and freshwater floating net cultivation fisheries, capture fisheries, and still water pond cultivation fisheries.

Investment Contribution as a Driver of the Fisheries Subsector in Eastern Indonesia

The potential of the fisheries sector in Eastern Indonesia is very large. Investment as a driving force for the fisheries subsector is not only needed for infrastructure, but the fish processing industry sector also requires very large investment. Even though foreign investment is helping to drive this sector, the amount is still not optimal, the main reason is that licensing is long and complicated. Limited investment gives rise to illegal fishing and overfishing which cannot be avoided even though prevention is always carried out in various ways. This research uses a panel data linear regression method to determine the magnitude of the contribution of investment as a driver of the fisheries sector. The result is that investment, employment and the fish processing industry sector can jointly influence the growth of the fisheries sector. Investment in infrastructure development must be followed by investment for the needs of the fish processing industry

ANALISIS POTENSI EKONOMI KECAMATAN PINOGU KABUPATEN BONE BOLANGO

The economic potential of an area becomes the basic capital in development, therefore for the benefit of development planning, it is necessary to analyze the potential and carrying capacity of an area. This study aims to identify the economic potential of Pinogu District as an isolated and difficult to reach area. This research uses a quantitative approach, and the data sources that are the basis of the analysis are secondary data that are already available both in sub-districts in numbers, as well as data available in sub-districts. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Locatioan Question (LQ). The results of the study concluded that the results of the research analysis showed that the economic potential of the Pinogu District area showed that it was not optimal to encourage the growth and development of the Pinogu District area in the 2017-2021 period. The results of the analysis using the Location Question (LQ) showed that the average in the 2017-2021 period of LQ values was less than one (0.95). This value means that the commodity of agricultural products consisting of the food crop sub-sector, fisheries sub-sector, plantation sub-sector, and forestry sub-sector is not yet a base commodity, and is only categorized as a non-base sector.

The status of women’s empowerment in the aquaculture sector in Kenya

PurposeWomen’s empowerment remains a key development challenge in Kenya. The purpose of this study is to attempt to understand the status of women’s empowerment and the key contributors to their disempowerment in Kenya’s aquaculture sector.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 534 male and female fish farmers from 300 households drawn from six counties in Kenya (Kakamega, Kisumu, Kisii, Kiambu, Meru and Nyeri). The Abbreviated Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (A-WEAI) was adapted to Abbreviated Women’s Empowerment in Fisheries and Aquaculture Index (A-WEFI) to suit the aquaculture and fisheries sub-sector. The adapted A-WEFI was then used to estimate and the status of women’s and men’s using five domains of empowerment (5DE) and a gender parity index (GPI). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Cramer’s V and sensitivity analysis as test statistics.FindingsAbout 86% of the men and 80% of the women were classified as empowered. The mean score of the 5DE was 0.93 and 0.95 for women and men, respectively. In addition, 82% of the households achieved gender parity, suggesting that for such households, empowerment of men was no greater than that of women. Overall, the results suggest no major differences between the empowerment of women and men. Findings suggest areas of improvement in empowerment: when observed separately, women report lack of agency in production, resource, time-use and allocation and leadership.Originality/valueThis paper adapts the A-WEAI to the fisheries and aquaculture context, in bid to bridge the gap in standard women’s empowerment measurement methods in this area. Also, there are limited empirical studies on the multifaceted empowerment of women in aquaculture in Kenya. The findings are meant to serve as a point of reference for policymakers, as they develop gender-responsive intervention programmes, and in implementing gender mainstreaming in Kenya.

ANALISIS DAYA SAING DAN FAKTOR DETERMINAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI EKSPOR UDANG INDONESIA

Shrimp is the leading non-oil and gas export commodity as well as the Indonesian fishery sub-sector. Shrimp commodity is also a commodity that has high competitiveness because it has fluctuating exports in the period 2013-2020. The purpose of this study was to determine how the condition of competitiveness of Indonesian shrimp commodities and the influence of competitiveness, production, GDP per capita and foreign exchange rates ( US$) partially and simultaneously on Indonesian shrimp exports in five export destination countries (United States, Japan, China, Malaysia, Canada). The data used in this study is panel data. Panel data is a combination of time series and cross section. To analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian shrimp commodities in five destination countries, the RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage) method was used. The RCA values ??for the five destination countries show that Indonesian shrimp exports have strong competitiveness. Based on the research results, competitiveness, production, GDP per capita and foreign exchange rates simultaneously have a significant influence on Indonesia's shrimp exports. Partially competitiveness, GDP and foreign exchange rates have a positive and significant impact on Indonesia's shrimp exports. Meanwhile, production has a negative and insignificant effect on Indonesian shrimp exports

Modeling The Effects of Climate Change on Food Production in Ivory Coast: Evidence from ARDL Approach

There is a direct link between global warming and hunger in emerging West African nations like Ivory Coast, where the population is overgrowing, and food insecurity is rising. This work aims to examine and explore climate change's effects on agriculture production in Ivory Coast from 1990 to 2019. Various stationarity tests, including the Phillips-Perron (PP) and the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), are applied to determine the variables' order of integration. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach is employed to model the long- and short-run relationships between temperature, rainfall, carbon dioxide emissions, domestic credit, gross capital formation, and agriculture sector and subsectors. The present study uses the Johansen cointegration test to verify the long-run cointegration of the ARDL estimation. The findings reveal that all the variables are integrated into order zero or one. Cointegration tests demonstrate a valid long-term association between the variables. Agriculture and related subsectors in Ivory Coast were found to benefit from increasing temperature over the long run, except for the fishery subsector, where the impact is negligible. In the short run, temperature’s effect is positive on aggregate agriculture, although it is not statistically significant. Its effect is beneficial to agriculture's subsectors, except for fishery production. In both runs, Ivory Coast’s aggregate agriculture sector and fishery subsector are negatively affected by rainfall. An insignificant favorable effect of rainfall is found on crop production in both runs. The estimated results indicated that the role of CO2 is positive on agriculture and crop production in both run estimations. However, CO2 does not impact livestock production. It has a long-term positive influence on fishery production but no effect in the short run. Domestic credit is found to have a beneficial influence on agriculture and its subsectors in both runs, except for crop and livestock production, where the effect is negative and insignificant in the short run. Gross capital formation negatively impacts agriculture and its subsectors in Ivory Coast, except crop production, where it only has an insignificant beneficial effect in the short run. The same is true for fishery production, which only had a significant favourable impact effect in the short run. For the government and policymakers, the findings guide the formulation of suitable policies to address global warming's effects on agriculture and guarantee sustainable food production for the increasing population.

Sail technology on fishing vessel for blue swimming crab catching application - A review

The increase in fuel prices will gradually have an impact on the capture fisheries sub-sector, especially the fishermen. Sail technology is an alternative that can be used to save fuel oil, although it is realized that this technology cannot completely replace the diesel motor that is commonly used in fishing operations. This study will explain the application opportunities of sail technology on fishing vessels for blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the deep waters of the Java Sea. This fishing ground is more than 12 nautical miles from the coast. Using sail technology on fishing vessels is very dependent on the characteristics of wind speed and direction. This discussion explores the relationship between the west and east monsoons in the Java Sea with the direction of fishing trip. Technological difficulties and current challenge in sail technology on fishing vessel for blue swimming crab are identified. The possible ideas for future research in this field are also discussed.

Analysis of population dynamics for the sustainability of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) resources landed in Pondokdadap Sendangbiru, Malang District, Indonesia

Pondokdadap is a fishing port that has large pelagic fish resources and biodiversity. This fishing port is an effective location for fish landing where it is close to the yellow fin tuna fishing ground. Tuna is one of the important commodities in the national capture fisheries sub-sector. Yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is a fish with economic value and a high level of public consumption, both domestically and abroad. However, it has an impact on the magnitude of market demand which is in line with the high activity of catching tuna in nature. Therefore, the exploitation of yellowfin tuna resources should be controlled. The purpose of this study was to identify, growth rate, mortality rate, exploitation rate and recruitment pattern of yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares) landed at TPI Pondokdadap. The results of growth parameter values, L∞= 191 cm, K = 0.36 per year, and t0 = -0.27 per year. The mortality rate is Z = 2.81 per year, M = 0.45 per year, F = 2.36 per year and the exploitation rate is E = 0.84 per year, which means that the utilization status of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) was in the overexploited category. The highest value seen from the analysis of recruitment patterns occurred in June with a percentage of 34.83%. This research concludes that advisable to limit the efforts of catching yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares).

POTENSI TINTA GURITA (OCTOPUS SP.) SEBAGAI IMUNOSTIMULAN PADA UDANG VANAME (LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI)

Vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is an export commodity from the fisheries sub-sector which has high economic value. The development of aquaculture systems from traditional to intensive has the potential for disease attacks. Control of the spread of the disease must be done as early as possible, one method of prevention is using immunostimulants. An alternative source of immunostimulants that can be used to increase the immune system of shrimp is octopus (Octopus sp.) ink. Octopus ink is generally not used or thrown away when the octopus meat is processed. Research on octopus ink is also minimal compared to squid ink and cuttlefish ink. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the potential of octopus ink as an immunostimulant for vaname shrimp. It is known that the content of octopus ink consists mostly of alkaloids, melanin, amino acids, and carboxylic acids. Octopus ink has various roles based on its compound content such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiretroviral, anticancer, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory, antivirus, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-proliferative. From the results of the literature study, it is explicitly necessary to carry out further research to find out more complete compounds content in octopus ink so that its potential as an immunostimulant in vaname shrimp cultivation can be identified more clearly.

Study of Compatibility Level of Waters in The Bay of Sabang for The Development of Marine Cultivation

Marine cultivation is an activity in a certain area in coastal waters. The development of marine aquaculture in Indonesia in the future is very important for the development of the fisheries sub-sector, and is one of the priorities that is expected to be a driver of economic growth. Selection of the right location is an important factor in determining the feasibility of a cultivation business to analyze the characteristics of the water conditions of Sabang Bay, espesially regarding its feasibiity as a location for marine aquaculture. Data collection was carried out on a secondary and primary basis. The waters of Sabang Bay have water quality indicators that support the life of fishery commodities. The bay are in Sabang has the potensial for seaweed cultivation and floating net cage cultivation, such as Tilapia, Grouper, Snapper, and Lobster. Based on the analysis of the quality of the waters and the bottom substrate of the waters in The Sabang Bay, they are categorized as suitable and very suitable

Strategy for the Development of Sustainable Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) Shrimp Culture in Plastic Ponds in Tegal Regency, Central Java

Vannamei shrimp culture is a fishery sub-sector that is being promoted by the Indonesian government. The vannamei shrimp culture great bussiness prospect makes many farmers to carry out these business activities. However, if the culture business is carried out in an environmentally unfriendly way, the sustainability of the business will stop. The purpose of this study is to determine the correct strategy for the development of vannamei shrimp culture in plastic ponds in Tegal Regency, Central Java. The research method used is the survey method with purposive sampling, the respondent sampling technique is non probability sampling and data collection with interviews, questionnaires, observation and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and SWOT. The number of respondents was 38 people. The results indicated that the production of vannamei shrimp has decreased in the last three years due to Acute Hepato Pancreatic Necrosis Disease outbreak. A calculation matrix factor strategy internal (IFAS), strength (S) biggest are good and correct culture SOPs (0.349) and the calculation of the external strategy matrix (EFAS), opportunities (O) the largest is the large market goose p (0,293). Relationship factor occupy cell V, from effort the describe the situation growth and stability which means that the business is in a relatively stable condition and growth is likely to occur. Based on the SWOT analysis, the ranking of alternative strategies obtained is the SO strategy (Strengths – Opportunities) with total score of 3,602. Priority alternative strategy which used is optimizing the quality and quantity of products by using good and correct SOP, using technology, available infrastructure and availability of adequate seeds to produce quality and quantity of products so that continuity is maintained, so as to meet high market and consumer demand.

THE THE EXISTENCE OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN THE ECONOMIC STRUCTURE OF CENTRAL SULAWESI PROVINCE

Central Sulawesi's agricultural sector is classified as a substantial sector. This study aims to identify the existence of the agricultural sector in the economic structure of Central Sulawesi. Data analysis used Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), and Shift Share Analysis methods. The data used is based from the Central Statistics Agency for Central Sulawesi and Indonesia in 2015-2020 based on constant prices. The results showed that the agricultural sector of Central Sulawesi was classified as the base sector with the highest average LQ value and was followed by the mining and quarrying sector. Meanwhile, the results of the DLQ analysis show that the agricultural sector is threatened with repositioning in the future. The combined analysis of LQ and DLQ indicates that the agricultural sector in Central Sulawesi is on a basic non-prospective. The results of shift-share analysis (Nij) show that the highest performance in the agricultural sub-sector is produced by the plantation sub-sector and the fishery sub-sector. The industrial mix value (Mij) from the agricultural sector and all sub-sectors mostly shows negative numbers, so only three agricultural sub-sectors, including the developed sector in Central Sulawesi Province include the horticulture sub-sector, livestock sub-sector, and fishery sub-sector. Based on the value (Cij) of the agricultural sector, it shows a negative number, so the sub-sectors that need to be improved include the food crops sub-sector, the horticulture sub-sector, the plantation sub-sector, and the fisheries sub-sector. It is necessary to pay attention to increasing labor wages in the agricultural sector and improving the performance of agro-industry in Central Sulawesi to create added value.

Sustainable fisheries analysis with empowerment of local wisdom in Pasaman Barat District, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Fish farming has become a commercial business, but the evidence so far is that progress has not been fully relied upon to boost the economy. The fisheries sub-sector, especially freshwater aquaculture, is based on the people’s economy, which can strive to survive and still be able to contribute to the economy by strengthening cultural assets in the form of local wisdom. This research aims to investigate the implementation of sustainable fisheries development based on the application of local wisdom to achieve sustainable fisheries in West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. This study used a mixed-methods model approach. The survey was conducted by distributing questionnaires to the respondents from aquaculture fishers’ households. The main findings of this study are sustainability and sustainable development are complex things where this can be achieved through an economic, ecological and social system where the pillars of economy and ecology are also need to consider social pillars including culture and institutions. To achieve sustainability, the scenario is built so that aquaculture activities in freshwater waters can be sustainable to achieve financial well-being, ecological sustainability in the form of availability of freshwater fish stocks and sustainability of local wisdom.