Fisher Criterion Research Articles

Peculiarities of using virtual whiteboards to form the professional competence of future lawyers in foreign language classes at university

Problem statement . The focuses of the current digital intercultural learning environment as training programs for professionals in the legal industry specify their developing of systemic foreign language communication skills, skills to analyze which can be based on information technologies and actualized in rapidly changing professional tasks. The study is aimed at substantiating the effectiveness of using virtual whiteboards to form the professional competence of future lawyers in foreign language classes at university. Methodology . The analysis of theory and methodology, generalization of crucial scientific papers on the studied problem, processing of results and creating interactive whiteboards are applied. The pedagogical experiment involved 97 students (girls - 48%, boys - 52%) of the Law Institute of Vyatka State University. Fisher's criterion (angular transformation) is used as a statistical processing method. Results . The didactic peculiarities of making use of virtual whiteboards when forming professional and legal competence of a professional in the legal industry during foreign language classes are stated: the capabilities of network intercultural cooperation when solving tasks in the legal industry; seeking legal assistance; foreign language communication; virtual discussion of criminal acts; independence of the interactive network environment for modeling legal processes; keeping the results in a cloud. At the control stage of the experiment, statistically significant differences between the levels of formed competences of the participants of the experimental and control groups were revealed. Conclusion . Making use of whiteboards will contribute to the formation of foreign language and professional legal competences of a specialist while providing a set of circumstances: active work with foreign regulatory acts in English, showing students new intercultural information collaboration and legal consultancy, combining different types of work, organizing foreign language feedback, solving real practical legal tasks.

The study of adhesive interactions in the ice-asphalt concrete system is the key to the safety of road transport communications

The development of the transport system in any country significantly affects economic development. The active development of the transport system requires high-quality roads, as this affects the safety of their operation and especially during low temperatures. During this period, roads are covered with ice or snow, which requires their speedy removal. The quality of the road surface depends on the adhesion of ice with road clothes. The article deals with the issue of adhesive interactions in the ice-asphalt concrete system. The developed methodology can determine the adhesion of ice to the surface of the road surface. This circumstance will allow using various additives and varying the composition and components of asphalt concrete to reduce adhesive interactions. Reduced adhesive interactions will allow to remove ice and snow more quickly, and this will reduce the number of road accidents, which will save people's lives and health. Bituminous salt mass, which is a waste from the destruction of chemical weapons of the organophosphorus group, is considered as modifiers. Its chemical composition is considered, which makes it possible to ensure its effect of surfactants. The experiments were performed and processed using the theory of experiment planning. The response surfaces of a particular sample of the general population and the regularities described by regression equations, the adequacy of which is verified by the Fisher and Cochrane criteria, are obtained.

Experience in the study of the phenomenon of reverse mentoring in the system of general education

Introduction. One of the effective means of developing modern education is reverse mentoring. For its successful implementation, it is necessary to understand this phenomenon by the pedagogical community, in particular, teachers of educational institutions. The purpose of the work is to determine the level of understanding by teachers of general educational organizations of the essential and content characteristics of reverse mentoring. Materials and methods. The study used theoretical (theoretical analysis of the literature, generalization, classification) and empirical (analysis of regulatory documents, questionnaire survey) methods. The questionnaire survey involved 316 teachers of general education organizations (mentors and mentored people) from 8 regions of Russia (Nizhny Novgorod, Kurgan, Chelyabinsk, Tomsk, Ulyanovsk, Sverdlovsk regions, the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District). The average age of the respondents is 36.69 years (ϭ=13.92), the average teaching experience is 12.73 years (ϭ=12.99); 7% men, 93% women. The questionnaire included 21 questions. The obtained data were processed by the methods of content analysis and mathematical statistics (descriptive statistics, Fisher's criterion). Research results. As a result of a questionnaire survey, it was revealed that teachers of general educational institutions are aware of the importance of using different types of mentoring, including reverse (41.5%); believe that they are included in the system of reverse mentoring (63%), but at the same time they do not understand the essential and substantive characteristics of the phenomenon of reverse mentoring. Thus, only 25.9% of respondents believe that within the framework of reverse mentoring, a young teacher teaches a more experienced one, and 24.4% that an older teacher in age, experience or position becomes a ward of an employee who is younger in these parameters. To determine the content characteristics of reverse mentoring, the characteristics of the mentor, identified by the respondents, were of particular importance. Conclusion. Based on the results, the methodological foundations of reverse mentoring were identified and its definition was formulated as a pedagogical interaction in which the mentor has a lower status (age, length of service, position) than that of the mentored person; aimed at filling the deficit of tutored in professionally significant competencies, based on trust, equality and active cooperation.

Determination of the model of a powered air-purifying respirator for researching its operational modes

Purpose. Justification of technical decisions when creating an experimental equipment of a powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR), development of a research system, planning and conducting an experiment, determining the structure of the object and its parameters, confirming the adequacy of the obtained simulation model of the PAPR to the control object in accordance with the conditions of the technological process. Methodology. The research was carried out on experimental equipment by means of an active experiment. It is proposed to use a sensor with an analog output and a controller for data registration to control the pressure. By varying the rotation speed of the fan, the value of the pressure in the respirator mask was determined. Structural and parametric identification and verification of the obtained model for adequacy to the control object according to the Fisher criterion were carried out on the basis of the obtained data. Findings. Based on the results of the study, it was established that the PAPR is an asymmetric object according to the "fan rotation speed - pressure in the mask" channel. The processes of pressure increase and decrease correspond in form to exponential functions and can be described by aperiodic links of the first order with different time constants. Based on the analysis of the structure of the control object, a corresponding asymmetric model was created in which aperiodic links are represented in the state space. Theprocess time constants and amplification factor of the model were determined by parameter estimation. The adequacy of the obtained simulation model to the control object was confirmed by Fisher's criterion. Originality. For the first time, a continuous transfer function of a PAPR was obtained in the form of a complex of two firstorder aperiodic links with different time constants. Practical value. A universal method of obtaining simulated models of PAPRs by using the developed experimental equipment and simulation environment of the MATLAB. The obtained simulation model of the PAPR allows to research its operating modes in order to determine the requirements for the control system and its further synthesis using various regulators.

An advanced variable selection method based on information gain and Fisher criterion reselection iteration for multivariate calibration

The difficulty of analyzing high-dimensional data makes dimensionality reduction essential, and variable selection is widely used as a dimensionality reduction method to improve the interpretability of models. A variable selection method based on information gain and Fisher's criterion reselection iteration (IFRI) is proposed in this paper. It selects variables that have strong associations with the property of interest by two classical feature selection functions to improve interpretability of the selected variables. At first, information gain was employed to pre-select “global” feature variables with strong ability to distinguish between different classes, and Fisher's criterion was applied to re-select key variables further from the selected “global” variables that enable larger inter-class variance and smaller intra-class variance for the samples. Pearson correlation coefficients were then applied to eliminate variables with strong linear correlation and a series of subsets were obtained iteratively. At the end, cross-validation (CV) was used to calculate the obtained subset, and the one with the lowest root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) was considered optimal. Combining with partial least squares (PLS), it was applied to the analysis of nicotine and total sugar content in tobacco samples. By comparing and validating with two representative variable selection algorithms, CARS and MC-UVE, IFRI has been demonstrated to be an effective and applicable method to establish high-performance models by selecting a few key variables. Differing from most methods, IFRI does not need to depend on the PLS model parameters in the process of variable selection, which makes it more interpretable. Moreover, the selected variables by IFRI are reproducible for the same dataset. Apparently, the principle of the method makes it not limited to spectral data and can be applied to the variable selection of different types of high-dimensional data by combining it with other modeling methods, for example it can be combined with qualitative discriminant models to classify tobacco or used to select critical chemical components affecting the tobacco quality.

Rationale for Parameters of Energy-Saving Illumination inside Agricultural Premises and Method of Its Values Calculation

High-quality lighting of premises in the cultivation of farm animals is an important condition for the successful development of the agro-industrial complex. Sufficient lighting with the simulation of sunrise and sunset which increases daylight hours to 15–16 h can raise the level of production by 8–15%. The most innovative, economical and efficient light source for livestock, poultry and greenhouse buildings are LED lamps allowing for a short payback period. The difference between the models developed by the authors and the traditional point method is taking into account lamp length o, lamp suspension height, location of the illuminated area under the lamp at displacement and observation angles, and luminous flux of light source, and the most important thing is body angle of the light source. This paper presents the method for calculating illumination under the LED lamp due to the large error in the values obtained by theoretical methods due to the lack of a correction factor for changing the illumination of the lamp (0.8). Prediction of crystal heating was carried out by verification calculation in the ANSYS/CFX software package. Forecasting the illumination of the fodder table was carried out by calculation in the DIALux evo software package. The main parameters of an energy-saving LED lamp (power consumption, luminous flux, color temperature and color) were selected. The consumption of electrical energy decreased by 85%; the average level of illumination increased and amounted to 123.1 lux. The developed method for calculating the illumination under the LED lamp can be considered satisfactory, the Student and Fisher criteria do not exceed tabular values and the correlation coefficient showed a close relationship. To comply with electrical safety standards in the premises, a resonant power supply system for LED lamps is offered.

PECULIARITIES OF THE FORMATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM "MOTHER- PLACENTA-FETUS" BY THE INFLUENCE OF SMALL DOSES OF RADIATION

Introduction. 137Cs ecosystem pollution is a source of radiation for humans. Undifferentiated cells capable of rapid division are the most vulnerable to ionizing radiation. Therefore, the fetoplacental and immune systems should be expected powerful responce to ionizing radiation. The functional capacity of the placenta determines pregnancy scenarios.Aim: to study the features of the formation of the fetoplacental system under the influence of low doses of radiation. Materials and methods. Pregnant women were in two groups, according to the design. The main (1) group included 60 women with reproductive losses in their history and a threat of termination to the current pregnancy, control (2) group consisted of 30 women with a physiological course of pregnancy and an uncomplicated anamnesis. The found incorporation of 137Cs in the placentas of the women of the studied groups was on β-spectrometry. The nature of placental damage was studied using the pathomorphological examination. The expressions of vimentin and CEA were studied in the structures of the placenta using immunohistochemistry. The effects of radiation on the functional system "mother-placenta-fetus" was determined in immunological, hormonal, biochemical, and bacteriological studies.The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Commission of the State Institution "Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after Academician O. M. Lukyanova of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine" (Protocol No. 3 of 07.06.2017). The results were statistically processed on a PC using Microsoft Excel-2016 using Fisher's angular transformation criterion. Differences in comparative values are considered probable if p < 0.05 (probability index more than 95%).The research was carried out as a fragment of the research work of the State Institution "Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after Academician O.M. Lukyanova of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine" "To develop the latest and improve existing technologies for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of premature abortion in women with miscarriage, taking into account the placenta passport" (2018-2020). Code ВН.20.00.02.18, state registration number 0118U000039, КПКВ 6561040.Research results. According to the results, chronic radiation stress plays a decisive role in the multifactorial nature of placental dysfunction and antenatal losses. Activity up to 1.0 Bq/kg of 137Cs does not affect the course of gestation. The compensatory capacity of the placenta remains preserved at the accumulation of 1.1 to 4.4 Bq / kg of 137Cs. It is possible to prolong the pregnancy until term delivery. As a result of exposure to 4.5-10.4 Bq/kg of 137Cs, the stroma of the maternal surface of the placentas is damaged. At the same time, the pregnancy is terminated prematurely, at 28-36 weeks + 6 days, but thanks to the preservation of compensatory reactions in the placenta, the children are born alive. Accumulation in placentas of more than 10.4 Bq/kg of 137Cs is a probable factor in antenatal death of the fetus and early premature birth, as both maternal and fetal structures of the placenta are damaged.Conclusions. Internal irradiation by incorporated 137Cs damages the architecture of the placenta, which complicates the course of gestation. Extreme effects depend on the volumetric activity incorporating 137Cs and compensatory placental properties. The placental accumulation of 4.5 to10.4 Bq / kg of 137Cs triggers premature labor. Accumulation in the placenta of more than 10.4 Bq / kg 137Cs is a probable factor in antenatal fetal death and premature birth. An imbalance of steroid hormones and peroxide hemostasis system are predictors of placental dysfunction and termination of pregnancy. Expression of vimentin is a marker of placental destruction by internal exposure to radionuclides. Expression of CEA is a marker of premature birth and the antenatal death of the fetus.

Discriminant Feature Extraction by Generalized Difference Subspace.

In this paper, we reveal the discriminant capacity of orthogonal data projection onto the generalized difference subspace (GDS), both theoretically and experimentally. In our previous work, we demonstrated that the GDS projection works as a quasi-orthogonalization of class subspaces, which is an effective feature extraction for subspace based classifiers. Here, we further show that GDS projection also works as a discriminant feature extraction through a similar mechanism to the Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA). A direct proof of the connection between GDS projection and FDA is difficult due to the significant difference in their formulations. To circumvent the complication, we first introduce geometrical Fisher discriminant analysis (gFDA) based on a simplified Fisher criterion. It is derived from a heuristic yet practically plausible assumption: the direction of the sample mean vector of a class is largely aligned to the first principal component vector of the class, given that the principal component analysis (PCA) is applied without data centering. gFDA works stably even under few samples, bypassing the small sample size (SSS) problem of FDA. We then prove that gFDA is equivalent to GDS projection with a small correction term. This equivalence ensures GDS projection to inherit the discriminant ability from FDA via gFDA. Furthermore, we discuss two useful extensions of these methods, 1) a nonlinear extension by kernel trick, 2) a combination with CNN features. The equivalence and the effectiveness of the extensions have been verified through extensive experiments on the extended Yale B+, CMU face database, ALOI, ETH80, MNIST, and CIFAR10, mainly focusing on image recognition under small samples.

Prevalence of the pathatus Cryptosporidium parvum in syananthropic biocenoses

The purpose of the research is to determine the relationship between the infestation of Cryptosporidium parvum in calves that have regular contact with synanthropic reservoirs (rodents and birds) in the climatic zones of Udmurtia. The study of the distribution and relationship of manifestations of cryptosporidiosis was carried out among calves that have regular contact with synanthropic rodents (gray rat (Rattus norvegicus), house mouse (Mus musculus), common vole (Microtus arvalis), bank vole (Myodes glareolus)) and birds (rock dove). (Columba livia), house sparrow (Passer domesticus), jackdaw (Coloeus monedula)). In total, 255 calves, 160 rodents and 80 birds were subjected to the study.The assessment of infestation of calves, rodents and birds was carried out by generally accepted coprological flotation methods, as well as by making native smears with further Ziehl-Neelsen staining. The results obtained were evaluated using statistical methods: analysis of variance, taking into account the Fisher criterion and the Pearson correlation coefficient.The results of the research showed that in all natural and climatic zones of the Udmurt Republic a high percentage of infection with cryptosporidiosis of calves is recorded.On the territory of the southern zone, the infection rate of calves with cryptosporidiosis was 62.35%, while in captured mouselike rodents the prevalence of invasion was at the level of 37.25%, and in birds - 20.0%.In the farms located on the territory of the northern natural and climatic zone of the republic, the degree of infestation of calves reached 41.18%, the infection of rodents was 23.91%. The minimum percentage of detection of cryptosporidium oocysts among synanthropic birds was observed in the north of Udmurtia - 11.77%.The fact of the dependence of the invasion by the causative agent of cryptosporidiosis of calves on the presence of parasite carriers in farms has been established. According to the results of calculating the correlation coefficient and analysis of variance, a direct close relationship was revealed between the infection of calves and representatives of the synanthropic reservoir - rodents, birds, regularly in contact with agricultural crops. animals.

Single trial detection of error-related potentials in brain–machine interfaces: a survey and comparison of methods

Objective. Error-related potential (ErrP) is a potential elicited in the brain when humans perceive an error. ErrPs have been researched in a variety of contexts, such as to increase the reliability of brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), increase the naturalness of human–machine interaction systems, teach systems, as well as study clinical conditions. Still, there is a significant challenge in detecting ErrP from a single trial, which may hamper its effective use. The literature presents ErrP detection accuracies quite variable across studies, which raises the question of whether this variability depends more on classification pipelines or on the quality of elicited ErrPs (mostly directly related to the underlying paradigms). Approach. With this purpose, 11 datasets have been used to compare several classification pipelines which were selected according to the studies that reported online performance above 75%. We also analyze the effects of different steps of the pipelines, such as resampling, window selection, augmentation, feature extraction, and classification. Main results. From our analysis, we have found that shrinkage-regularized linear discriminant analysis is the most robust method for classification, and for feature extraction, using Fisher criterion beamformer spatial features and overlapped window averages result in better classification performance. The overall experimental results suggest that classification accuracy is highly dependent on user tasks in BCI experiments and on signal quality (in terms of ErrP morphology, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and discrimination). Significance. This study contributes to the BCI research field by responding to the need for a guideline that can direct researchers in designing ErrP-based BCI tasks by accelerating the design steps.

Пошук оптимальних параметрів фінішної антифрикційної безабразивної обробки гільз циліндрів автотракторних двигунів

This paper presents the results of research aimed at improving the quality of antifriction coatings obtained by finishing antifriction non-abrasive treatment (FANT). It has been previously established that the formation of an antifriction coating during FANT largely depends on the technological parameters that determine the conditions of contact between the tool and the surface being treated. The study of the peculiarities of surface contact, their regularities, as well as the main parameters of the FANT process, makes it possible to improve the quality of the antifriction coating, and therefore the operational properties of the part. The aim of the presented research is to evaluate the influence of technological factors of the FANT process on the quality of antifriction coatings and to obtain their rational values. The indicators of the quality of the antifriction coating are its continuity, surface roughness and mass transfer of the antifriction material. The optimisation parameters are the main modes of FANT and the geometrical characteristics of the initial surface to be treated. To determine the influence of the selected factors on the indicators characterising the quality of the antifriction coating, a central composite plan matrix was implemented, which allowed us to obtain mathematical models of the influence of factors on the adopted response functions. The processing of the experimental data was carried out using the STATISTICA 12.0 software package. As a result of the multifactorial experiment, statistical models were obtained that allow assessing the impact of the studied factors on the optimisation criteria. The significance of the obtained coefficients was checked using the Student's criterion, and the adequacy of the obtained equations was checked using the Fisher's criterion. A detailed analysis of the Pareto map and tabular results of the experiment allowed to establish the influence of the research factors on the optimisation criteria. The obtained mathematical models made it possible to determine the optimal combination of technological factors that ensure the quality of the coating, as well as to establish the rational values of FANT modes and geometric characteristics of the output surface.

INFORMATION ON PROGNOSTIC MARKERS OF SEVERE ACUTE BRONCHITIS IN PRESCHOOLERS: A STUDY IN SUMY REGION IN NORTH-EASTERN UKRAINE

Introduction. Respiratory infections, especially in children, are a significant global health concern. Understanding the implications of respiratory infections like acute bronchitis is crucial for devising effective management strategies. These infections, including bronchitis, pneumonia, and influenza, contribute substantially to pediatric hospitalizations. Predicting the severity of acute bronchitis in children is essential for personalized treatment and resource allocation. Developing reliable prognostic tools for acute bronchitis can improve outcomes and optimize healthcare resource utilization. Methods. The study spanned four years (2018–2021) at "Saint Zinaida's Children's Clinical Hospital" and "Primary Health Care Center No. 2" in Sumy City Council. It involved 135 preschool children with acute bronchitis (study group) and 28 healthy children (control). The control group matched the age and gender of the acute bronchitis group. Inclusion criteria comprised parental consent, ages 3–6, and a diagnosis of acute bronchitis; exclusions included parental refusal, ages below 3 or above 7, concurrent somatic or allergic diseases, non-compliance, and diagnoses other than acute bronchitis. Various methods were employed, including clinical, laboratory, instrumental, and statistical analyses. The severity of acute bronchitis was gauged using the BSS-ped clinical tool. Immunological status assessment involved determining cellular immunity indicators via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hormonal status analysis included thyroid and cortisol levels via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis utilized SPSS 26 and probabilistic modeling based on Bayes' theorem for building prognostic models and assessing risk factors for acute bronchitis. Fisher's criterion determined reliability at a significance level of 0.05, categorizing risk degrees from low to critically high based on a posteriori chances. Results. The study successfully identified key clinical, anamnestic, hormonal, and immunological risk factors for severe acute bronchitis in preschoolers, constructing a predictive mathematical model. Breastfeeding and mixed feeding in infants were not associated with increased severity, contrasting with chronic upper respiratory tract disease and parental habits, notably smoking, linked to heightened severity. Cough severity and auscultatory wheezing, with a BSS-ped score of 4, moderately impacted severe acute bronchitis. An outlined prognostic model confirmed hormonal indicators' influence, particularly elevated reverse triiodothyronine levels, on increased risk. Immune cellular activity, specifically CD8+, CD4+, and CD22+, demonstrated pronounced impacts on severe acute bronchitis in preschoolers. A combined aberration of CD3+ and free triiodothyronine, CD3+ and total triiodothyronine, or CD4+ and free triiodothyronine indicated a critically high risk. The model's reliability was affirmed via ROC analysis, displaying a sensitivity of 91.7 %, specificity of 68.2 %, and an AUC of 0.869, indicating its high quality. Conclusions. In summary, chronic upper respiratory tract disease and parental smoking, particularly when both parents smoke, are significant clinical and anamnestic risk factors for severe acute bronchitis in preschoolers. Cough severity and wheezing on the BSS-ped scale contribute to its development. Hormonal indicators, especially reverse triiodothyronine, display notable impacts, with weaker associations observed for total triiodothyronine and cortisol. Immunological status indicators such as CD22+, CD4+, and CD8+ are also linked to severe acute bronchitis. Combinations of altered CD4+ and free triiodothyronine, CD3+ and free triiodothyronine, CD3+ and total triiodothyronine intensify the risk. When evaluating preschoolers with acute bronchitis, attention to clinical history (chronic upper respiratory disease, parental smoking, severe cough, and pulmonary rales) and specific laboratory parameters (concentration of triiodothyronine, cortisol, and serum levels of CD22+, CD4+, and CD8+) is advisable.

Experimental and mathematical modelling of grain material velocity

The present article represents the next stage in the cycle of work on the research of vibrating motion of grain material. This paper contains the experimental results of the operation of a vibrating conveying machine. The investigation was carried out in three stages. The purpose of the first full-factor experiment with four varying factors was to identify factors having the least impact on the time of movement of grain material. As a result, it was found that the angle of vibration direction that has an impact on the amplitude has almost no effect on the velocity of the grain material. In the second phase of experiment carried out with three varying factors at fixed angle of vibration direction, the equation of mathematical model of time of passage of the control area has been obtained. Moreover, on the basis of previous studies, the angle of vibration direction was fixed at the position which has the greatest influence on the vibration amplitude. The third stage of the experiment was to evaluate applicability of the obtained model equation to describe movement of other grain crops with ellipsoidal grain shape. Verification of the obtained model for adequacy using Fisher's criterion showed that with 95% probability the obtained equation can be used for estimation of movement of grain material having ellipsoidal shape on vibrating surface.

Metoda analize čvrstoće za dvostruko zakrivljene ukrućene ortotropne školjke prema različitim teorijama čvrstoće

The paper proposes a method of strength analysis for materials of thin-walled shell structures reinforced with stiffeners. The shells under consideration were made of orthotropic materials. The authors analyze the applicability of the following seven strength criteria: the maximum stress criterion, the Mises-Hill criterion, the Fisher criterion, the Goldenblatt-Kopnov criterion, the Liu-Huang-Stout criterion, the Tsai-Wu criterion, and the Hoffman criterion. During the study, doubly-curved shallow shells square in the plan were considered. A geometrically nonlinear mathematical model of shell deformation, which considers transverse shears, was used. The calculations were based on the characteristics of T10/UPE22-27 glass-fiber-reinforced plastic. The method relies on calculating the values of several strength criteria at each step of structural loading and analyzing the development of areas failing to meet the strength conditions as the load increases.

The feasibility of ct scanning in children with a positive recombinant tuberculosis allergen test

The problem of substantiating the use of diagnostic methods using ionizing radiation in children remains topical, and the importance of the problem grows every year. Special attention should be paid to this issue in children’s TB. Thirty-three children suspected of TB were monitored for tubercular recombinant allergen (ATP). The study showed that the diagnosis made by the clinicians and the computed tomography (CT) data in children with modified ATP samples have no reliable influence (p=0.89; Fisher criterion=0.11). Diagnosis of TB was more dependent on clinical, laboratory, radiological, and historical data combined, and often CT had no effect on patient management. The rationale for applying CT in children with modified ATP responses should be corrected and applied on strict grounds to maintain radiation safety.

Учет и оценка нестационарности при управлении водными ресурсами речного бассейна

This paper considers the rationale for taking into account and assessing the non-stationarity of the development of hydrological processes in the Volga River basin when determining the parameters of the functioning of the Volga water management system. The main purpose of the study is to identify non-stationarity in the formation of river runoff and develop methods for its assessment. The problem of constructing a dynamic-stochastic model is solved, which takes into account the non-stationarity of the formation of river runoff in different periods of time. A generalization of the dynamic-stochastic approach for the analysis and evaluation of long-term fluctuations in the inflow of river waters of the Volga River near the city of Volgograd is made. The stochastic relationship between the runoff of adjacent years is expressed by the transition function that controls the Markov process. Stationarity (non-stationarity) of long-term fluctuations in river runoff was assessed using the Fisher criterion (homogeneity of sample variances), Student’s criterion (homogeneity of sample means), Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion (homogeneity of samples) and pair correlation (presence of a trend). The description of the nature of the flow of hydrological processes is represented by a model determined by the dynamic-stochastic approach when considering the non-stationary process of the annual flow of the Volga River. Based on the application of the concept of quasi-stationarity, the functions of the availability of the annual flow of the Volga River are obtained, which are used for a probabilistic assessment of the inflow of river waters in the Volga basin. The analysis of long-term fluctuations of the annual runoff of the Volga River made it possible to reveal that the variability of the river runoff of the studied basin has two components – deterministic and random. The deterministic component manifests itself in the change in time of the average value of the flow of the Volga River, and the random component is observed in the irregular annual deviations of the flow from its average value (norm). This approach is used in the probabilistic assessment of the inflow of river waters in the Volga river basin.

ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ УРОЖАЙНОСТИ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КУЛЬТУР МЕТОДАМИ НЕЧЕТКОЙ ЛОГИКИ

The paper deals with the crop yield issues. Analysis, modelling and prediction of crop yields were performed based on the dynamics of changes in natural and climatic characteristics by choosing configurations of the fuzzy logic methods. The study evaluated the time series of winter wheat yields for 2008–2018 and climatic characteristics (air temperature and precipitation) for 1955–2018 using the Dixon, SmirnovGrubbs, Student and Fisher criteria. The results of the analysis are crucial for identifying the level of empirical adequacy. A computer model of crop yield dependence and climate change dynamics was developed using Fuzzy Logic application of MATLAB software. After completing the stages of training and testing the computer model variants, the authors could predict crop yields for the coming years using previously obtained meteorological values.

Discriminative Fisher Embedding Dictionary Transfer Learning for Object Recognition.

In transfer learning model, the source domain samples and target domain samples usually share the same class labels but have different distributions. In general, the existing transfer learning algorithms ignore the interclass differences and intraclass similarities across domains. To address these problems, this article proposes a transfer learning algorithm based on discriminative Fisher embedding and adaptive maximum mean discrepancy (AMMD) constraints, called discriminative Fisher embedding dictionary transfer learning (DFEDTL). First, combining the label information of source domain and part of target domain, we construct the discriminative Fisher embedding model to preserve the interclass differences and intraclass similarities of training samples in transfer learning. Second, an AMMD model is constructed using atoms and profiles, which can adaptively minimize the distribution differences between source domain and target domain. The proposed method has three advantages: 1) using the Fisher criterion, we construct the discriminative Fisher embedding model between source domain samples and target domain samples, which encourages the samples from the same class to have similar coding coefficients; 2) instead of using the training samples to design the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD), we construct the AMMD model based on the relationship between the dictionary atoms and profiles; thus, the source domain samples can be adaptive to the target domain samples; and 3) the dictionary learning is based on the combination of source and target samples which can avoid the classification error caused by the difference among samples and reduce the tedious and expensive data annotation. A large number of experiments on five public image classification datasets show that the proposed method obtains better classification performance than some state-of-the-art dictionary and transfer learning methods. The code has been available at https://github.com/shilinrui/DFEDTL.

INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERSONALIZED ADAPTIVE MATHEMATICS TEACHING

The study aimed to empirically investigate the effectiveness of personalized adaptive learning in mathematics. To clearly explain this approach, we have deeply analyzed and used a mixed methodological approach to analyze satisfaction with the learning environment, perception, and attitude to the content provided, as well as general experience and personalized adaptive experience in the context of an electronic learning environment in mathematics. The students were distributed according to one of two conditions: an electronic learning environment known as personalized adaptive learning, and the same learning environment without the integration of a personalized adaptive learning platform. The necessity of using statistical methods for a reliable assessment of the results of experimental work in pedagogical research is considered, as well as the results of using two statistical criteria, and the difficulties that may arise during their implementation are analyzed on a practical example. To evaluate the effectiveness of adaptive personalized technologies, it was planned to use the Fisher criterion and the Student's t-criterion. They were chosen because they are based on two different types of scales: ordinal and interrelated.

Influence of reinforcement parameters on the properties of fibropenotoof concrete

The influence of the parameters of dispersed reinforcement on the properties of fibro-foam concrete analyzed. The experiment planning matrix was built. A series of samples of various compositions made of fibro-foam concrete were tested for compression and bending. The regression equations obtained in coded form, which are adequate to the calculated ones, based on the Fisher criterion. The analysis of the equations carried out and the response surfaces constructed from them, which showed that the highest values of the optimization parameters correspond to the design area with high µv and low l/d. It has been established that the introduction of a sufficient amount of short fibers into the foam concrete matrix leads to the strengthening of the material, which is provided not only by the reinforcing properties of the fibers, but also by their ability to positively influence the structure of aerated concrete.