Financial Position Research Articles

Big Data Technology and Financial Performance of Listed Firms in Palestine: Mediating Role of Accounting Information Systems

The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating effect of the rate of quality of accounting information systems on the relationship between big data technology and firms’ financial performance in firms listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange. The researchers conducted an account of the previous studies in this field. The researcher used the deductive approach in studying and analyzing previous studies related to big data by relying on books, periodicals, theses, and accounting standards related to the subject of the research. The researcher applied an inductive approach when conducting the field study and testing the statistical hypotheses related to the study of the relationship between the use of big data technology and firms’ financial performance. The findings show a correlation coefficient of (0.54) and a coefficient of determination of (48%), indicating that big data analytics positively affects the rate of return on assets, and that there is a statistically significant relationship between the advancement of accounting information systems and the enhancement of financial performance in big data technology, as measured by the rate of return on equity and the rate of return on assets, which have correlation rates of (0.53) and (42%), respectively. This relationship is reflected in the data on the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the use of big data technology and the enhancement of financial performance with big data technology. The intention of big data, as well as the absence of fundamental differences between the sample individuals, states that the use of big data technology leads to improved performance through the development of various accounting practices and good inventory management by predicting customer behaviour, thus increasing the competitiveness of competition and improving the reputation of the establishment on social media. This is reflected in the company’s sales and its survival in the market, as well as the development of analytical models and advanced methods of analysis that limit fraud and help control it, which is one of the establishment’s goals at present. This paper contributes to the literature by showing that the use of big data leads to a change in methods of preparing the final accounts, especially the financial position, and displaying them at fair value, which increases investor confidence. The study offers insights into the necessity of holding training courses for accountants concerning technology related to digital transformation and big data analysis for use in developing accounting practices.

Studija o otpornosti na krizu Poljskih kotiranih kompanija nakon pandemije

Businesses’ response to black swans is crucial to developing a country’s economy. Resilience can be defined as the company’s ability to adapt and survive despite sudden shocks and environmental changes. Crisis resilience allows companies to overcome emerging shocks, remain competitive, and maintain a sound financial position. Theoretical considerations focus on the essence of crises and the concept of resilience in management sciences. The article aims to assess Polish companies’ resilience from the construction sector to the shock caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The empirical study of Polish listed companies was conducted based on financial statements for 2017-2021, divided into stable and unstable periods. The indicators of liquidity, operational efficiency, and profitability were evaluated. In addition, competitors’ market share was considered, using the Herfindahl- Hirschman index to measure industry concentration.

Financial position of Islamic spiritual leaders in the Tobolsk Governorate in the second half of the 19th — early 20th century

In this paper, we analyse the material well-being of Muslim clerics who served in the Tobolsk Governorate. In 1912, there were 326 of them. Most of Islamic spiritual leaders were rural. They were rewarded in-kind and in cash. The in-kind form — grain, hay, food, etc. — prevailed. The factors affecting the material maintenance of Muslim clerics included the number of believers in the religious community, the level of the believers' income, and the presence of other occupations among the clergy. These factors resulted in different levels of material well-being of mullahs in the Tobolsk Governorate in the post-reform period. In times of natural disasters and crop failures, not all members of the religious community could reward imams and muezzins. Under these conditions, it was of great importance that the clergy had other occupations apart from religious activities. The degree of religiosity of the Tatar and Bukhara population also played an important role. The sources of subsistence of Islamic spiritual leaders in the Tobolsk Governorate included the deduction of zakat or public ploughing of land, payment for the performance of ritual rites, donations (Sadaqah, awqaf), tuition fees in denominational schools (maktaba and ma-drasah), funds from agricultural and other activities. Overall, Muslim clergy in the Tobolsk Governorate had a higher level of material support compared to the majority of believers.

Factors Causing Fraudulent Management of Village Funds During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Research aims: This study examines the factors that cause fraud in managing village funds during the COVID-19 pandemic, including financial pressure, supervision, rationalization, competence, apparatus position power, and transparency.Design/Methodology/Approach: Four hundred and five respondents who were village officials in four provinces were involved based on the convenience sampling method. Respondents were given seven days to fill out the questionnaire, and then the data were analyzed using SEM-PLS.Research findings: Several factors can lead to fraudulent management of village funds during the COVID-19 pandemic: financial pressure, rationalization, and position power. Meanwhile, transparency significantly negatively affects the fraudulent management of village funds during the COVID-19 pandemic.Theoretical contribution/Originality: The research contributes to developing the fraud pentagon theory by presenting the arrogance dimension proxied using the power of position in the context of village government during the COVID-19 pandemic.Practitioner/Policy implication: This research is expected to be an input for the village government in developing mechanisms that can prevent fraud in managing village funds using the dimensions in the fraud pentagon theory.Research limitation/Implication: The scope of the research used is relatively small, only covering village governments from nine districts in four provinces in Indonesia. Thus, caution is needed in generalizing the results. Therefore, a wider population is needed.

Exploring Health-Seeking Behaviors and Coping Strategies: A Qualitative Study of Women in Urban Slum Areas of Lahore, Pakistan

This study seeks to explore the health practices of women living in the slums of Lahore, Pakistan, a group known for poor health outcomes and high incidence of chronic illnesses like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. A qualitative research methodology was employed to collect data from 20 women across four slum regions, with a focus on demographics, health behaviors, perceived impediments, and coping methods. The study adopts a socioeconomic determinants of health approach, emphasizing the importance of financial stability, employment, education, housing, social support, and access to healthcare for women's health. The findings demonstrate major impediments to healthcare access, such as inadequate housing and infrastructure, which all contribute to high infant mortality and poor health outcomes. This study highlights how women residing in slums rely on traditional treatments, limited health literacy, cultural norms, and prioritize household chores over personal health. The findings suggest that culturally sensitive, gender-specific interventions, as well as improved healthcare infrastructure, are required to enhance health outcomes. The study advocates for government intervention to ensure equitable healthcare access for all women, regardless of their financial position, and emphasizes the broader societal consequences of improving health in slum communities.

Effects of working capital management on the profitability of South African construction companies listed on the JSE

This study examines the correlation between inventory and accounts payable management and the profitability of construction companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). The annual financial statements of all 13 listed construction businesses from 2009 to 2019, including statements of financial position and financial performance, were obtained from an external database for statistical analysis. The study employed multiple linear regression to assess the impact of working capital management on the financial performance of construction companies listed on the JSE. Additionally, a correlation model was utilised to investigate any potential relationships among the variables being examined. The study's findings indicate that the management of working capital has a notable impact on the profitability of construction companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) in South Africa. Despite contradicting findings from other studies that support the opposite conclusion, this study demonstrates that effective management of working capital does not necessarily lead to a positive relationship with financial performance for financial managers of construction companies. Therefore, it is crucial to consider other aspects of management in addition to working capital.

A Financial Valuation and Strategic Forecast on Nike, Inc.

The objective of this article is to evaluate Nike Inc.'s overall performance in the past three years and make predictions about its future prospects. Initially, this paper will analyze the three most significant accounting policies outlined in Nike's annual report for 2023. This analysis will assist us in determining the company's effectiveness in managing its assets, utilizing them, generating profits, and identifying long-term development trends. Furthermore, this paper will conduct a comparative assessment of various financial ratios with competitors within the Nike industry to gauge the company's performance in the previous year. This evaluation will provide valuable insights into Nike's financial position, operational achievements, and market standing. Finally, based on the comprehensive evaluation of Nike's overall performance in 2023, it will offer forecasts regarding its market value and future performance over the next two years. As a globally renowned sports goods brand known for its remarkable success thus far, Nike has strategically implemented a product portfolio strategy that has propelled it forward in terms of market advancements. The conclusion drawn from this article aims to enhance other sports goods brands' understanding of effective marketing strategies employed by Nike while fostering growth across the entire industry.

The Impacts of Accounting Information on the Cost of Capital of a Company

The cost of capital is heavily influenced by a company's accounting information. The cost of capital is the rate of return that investors want in exchange for putting their money into a business. Accounting information has an indirect effect on society via things like disclosure and openness. Companies get more trust from investors and the public when they make their financial data easily accessible and easy to understand. Since investors will have a clearer picture of the company's financial performance, they may be more willing to lend money at a reduced interest rate as a result of this greater openness. Another abstract influence is the appraisal of financial success. Investors and lenders use financial statements and other forms of accounting information to assess a company's profitability and financial health. Investors may get a sense of a company's profitability, asset management, and cash flow capabilities by looking at the company's income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement. A reduced cost of capital may be possible if financial performance indicators provide a positive picture of the company's financial health. Risk may be better evaluated with the use of accounting data. Financial data is used by investors in assessing the safety of a firm. Investors may get a sense of the company's financial health, leverage, and liquidity by examining financial statements and ratios. A reduced cost of capital is more likely to be offered by investors to a firm that has a good financial position and a low risk profile. In addition to improving openness and easing the evaluation of financial performance and risk, accounting information also affects the cost of capital. The cost of capital might be reduced if investors have more faith in a company because of the transparency it displays in its financial dealings. KEYWORDS: Accounting information, Cost of capital, Transparency and disclosure, Reliable financial information, Investor confidence, Lower risks, financial performance assessment

Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Berdasarkan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (SAK-EMKM) Studi Kasus Pada UMKM Jeje Collection

Business Development in Indonesia is currently running rapidly. One type of business that is currently developing in Indonesia is micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME). MSME are one of the drivers of the national economy and play an important role in the Indonesian economy because they can stimulate and improve the economy in a sustainable and sustainable manner. SAK-EMKM is the basis for preparing financial statements using primary data. From the results of research conducted at Jeje Collection MSME, it can be seen that the financial statements prepared and presented by Jeje Collection MSME are still very simple and not in accordance with SAK-EMKM because MSME owners do not understand the specific financial statement standards for MSME, after applying the Jeje Collection MSME financial statements based on SAK-EMKM as a whole, prepared and presented with the same amount. The application of financial statements in accordance with SAK-EMKM presents financial statements consisting of three components, namely the statement of financial position, income statement, and notes to financial statements (NOFS).

ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RGEC (RISK, PROFILE, GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, EARNING, AND CAPITAL) PADA PT. BANK PERMATA Tbk. PERIODE 2019-2021

The purpose was to find out the soundness of the bank PT Bank Permata Tbk for the period 2019-2021 using the RGEC method. The population is the financial statements of PT Bank Permata Tbk and the samples are the statement of financial position (balance sheet), income statement, and notes to the financial statements of PT Bank Permata Tbk for the 2019-2021 period. The type of data used is quantitative data with secondary data, using data collection techniques, namely documentation techniques through the website of Bank Permata. The data processing technique used is a descriptive technique using the RGEC method. Based on the results of data processing, it can be concluded that PT Bank Permata Tbk in 2019 to 2021 obtained a composite rating (PK) 1 in the very healthy category. This reflects the condition of the bank which is generally very healthy, so it is considered very capable of dealing with significant negative influences and changes in business conditions and other external factors.

Analisis Laporan Keuangan Dan Strategi Pengelolaan Yang Efektif Pada UMKM Telur Gulung

Financial reports are information records of an entity that can describe the performance of UMKM in running their business in an accounting period, so that they can make business decisions for business development. According to Prastowo (2015: 3) The purpose of financial reports is to provide information regarding financial position, performance and changes in financial position for Companies (UMKM) which is useful for a large number of users in making economic decisions. This research aims to analyze the financial management strategy which includes planning for disbursement funds implemented by the Egg Roll UMKM. The type of research used is a qualitative descriptive data analysis method. The data sources used are primary data and secondary data conducted through interviews and documentation. There are various strategies implemented by egg roll UMKM so that the business they start can develop and be successful, one of which is recording all financial transactions of their business so they can see the loss/profit from the sale of egg rolls

Extended flexible capacity planning methodology with flight network contribution to the airline fleet assignment problem

Flexible capacity planning is crucial for the airline industry due to the high fixed cost of assets, notably aircraft ownership, and the fluctuating demand, particularly in response to external shocks like pandemics and political crises. Following the negative consequences of such events on the financial positions of almost all airline companies, there is growing interest in developing more responsive capacity planning structures for cost efficiency in the airline industry. In this study, we present a sequential two-phase methodology for flexible capacity planning and airline fleet assignment considering the factors related to fleeting strategies, passenger demand behavior, and contribution of flights in the network. The first phase of the methodology generates potential scenarios to estimate the number of flights to the destinations, based on the data and the reports provided by two prominent associations in the aviation industry, which incorporate various country-related and airline-related factors, including population, income, routes, airports, and connectivity. The second phase identifies the required number of aircraft for each type within the fleet inventory, taking into account the aircraft utilization rates associated with each scenario. The fleet assignment problem is also reformulated to employ the objective of maximizing total profit of the entire flight network by introducing network contribution and nation/region-specific limitations in this phase. A real case study from Turkey is conducted to illustrate efficiency of the proposed methodology. We also present a comparative study to highlight the impact of network contribution and how fleet size affects the outcomes. We have observed that the inclusion of the network contribution aspect and country constraints has led to a significant improvement in financial indicators and connectivity. The results show that the methodology can effectively tackle challenges in airline transportation problems.

ACQUIRING TECHNICAL COMPETENCY CERTIFICATION FOR ENHANCED SOCIAL SECURITY IN ORGANIZATIONS: THE INFLUENCING FACTORS

Technically competent employees are important to ensure social security issues in organizations can be addressed effectively. However, motivating employees to acquire technical certification is not easy. This study examines the financial gains, job security, status, and opportunities to advance, advisory received and financial assistance, age, position category and income level factors on technical employees’ intention to acquire technical certification. A survey was conducted among TNB Genco Technical Service staff, involving a sample of 215 respondents. The findings indicated that only age and position category affect employees’ intention to acquire technical certification. Thus, organizations should take note of these factors when revising career development policies.

A Study on Financial Performance Analysis in Greenergy Bio Refineries Pvt Ltd Bengaluru

The learning speaks that the financial performance analysis at Greenergy Bio Refineries private Ltd company Bengaluru. The impartial of this study is to comparison the current financial performance with previous four years and to study the prevailing financial position of company. The information that used in this study, comparative balance sheet, comparative balance sheet analysis, and it is to be recommend that the company can quintessence on their cumulative this level of the current asset. Consequently, the company advances this financial position.

Creative Accounting Effect through Discretionary Accruals on Likelihood of Economic Unit Being Exposed to Financial Distress Risks

Many major international companies were subjected to financial faltering and then bankruptcy and collapse as a result of their managements misusing this flexibility in accounting principles and policies, which led to most economic units losing public confidence and increasing doubt about the efficiency and integrity of their management in the extent of adherence to accounting policies and standards. This type of practice is called creative accounting, which means taking advantage of the flexibility that exists in the use of accounting principles and policies, or the lack of consistency in their use from year to year, with the intention of influencing the numbers appearing in the financial statements and thus influencing the outcome of the activity and the financial position of the economic unit to achieve its goals and motives of maximizing profits. current and future financial situation or improve through manipulation to deceive shareholders and users of financial information. Hence the importance of the research through knowing the impact of creative accounting through optional entitlements on the possibility of economic units being exposed to financial default, as the concept of creative accounting will be exposed, the reasons for economic units resorting to it, its types and objectives, the concept of optional entitlements and the types of those entitlements, as well as the concept of financial default and its types. Its causes and stages, Then the applied aspect of the research will be presented by displaying the results of the questionnaire that were distributed to the research sample represented by a group of chartered accountants and containing a set of questions in three axes. The results of those answers were presented through the (SPSS) program and through the use of simple linear regression for the purpose of achieving the hypothesis. The research is based on (there is a statistically significant effect of creative accounting through optional entitlements on the exposure of the economic unit to financial distress), and then the most important results reached by the researcher and the most important recommendations were presented.

Akuntansi Keuangan Masjid dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Jama’ah di Masjid Al-Yaqin Kabupaten Sukabumi

Mosque Financial Accounting ideally uses accounting standards for use in statements of financial position at the end of the period, statements of profit and loss and other comprehensive income during the period, reports of changes in equity during the period, statements of cash flows, notes to financial statement. The purpose of this writing is to find out the general description of mosque management at Al-Yaqin Mosque, and to find out the implications of this management for professional mosque financial management. The purpose of this research is to find out the Management of Al-Yaqin Mosque. Based on data techniques processed descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The results of this study reveal that the management of the mosque has been managed quite well with the sources of funds obtained by the Al-Yaqin Sukabumi mosque coming from infaq, alms, charity boxes, rice sales collected by the congregation and donors, so that the welfare of the congregation can be created. The financial management of the Al-Yaqin Mosque is presented very simply and refers to the financial reports of the mosque in general. Al-Yaqin Mosque has not implemented a financial management system according to Statement of Accounting Standards No. 1 (PSAK 1).

Impact of Indian Accounting Standards (IND AS) on Financial Statements

The adoption and implementation of accounting standards play a pivotal role in shaping the financial reporting landscape of a country, influencing how businesses communicate their financial performance and position to stakeholders. In the case of India, the transition from Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) to Indian Accounting Standards (Ind-AS) marked a significant paradigm shift in the accounting framework. The move was aimed at aligning Indian accounting practices with global standards, fostering transparency, comparability, and international investment. Historically, India had been following its own set of accounting standards, which sometimes diverged from international norms, leading to challenges in cross-border financial analysis and investment decisions. Recognizing the need for convergence with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) in India mandated the adoption of Ind-AS for certain classes of companies, primarily listed entities and large unlisted companies. The adoption of Ind-AS was a phased process, with the first set of companies transitioning in the financial year 2016-17. The primary objective was to enhance the quality and reliability of financial reporting, making it more comparable and relevant on a global scale. Ind-AS aimed to bring about consistency in accounting treatments, disclosures, and presentation of financial statements, fostering a more transparent and investor-friendly environment. One of the key motivations behind the shift to Ind-AS was to facilitate easier access to global capital markets for Indian companies. By adhering to internationally recognized accounting standards, Indian businesses sought to attract foreign investment and broaden their investor base. This move was particularly crucial as India aimed to position itself as a global economic player, attracting multinational corporations and fostering cross-border investments. The implementation of Ind-AS introduced changes in various aspects of financial reporting, affecting balance sheets, income statements, and disclosure practices. Companies faced the challenge of adapting to new measurement criteria, recognition principles, and disclosure requirements. The impact of these changes extended beyond mere compliance; it influenced how companies assessed their assets, liabilities, and overall financial performance. Additionally, the adoption of Ind-AS prompted companies to reevaluate their internal control mechanisms, financial policies, and governance structures. The transition required a robust framework for training and educating financial professionals, auditors, and other stakeholders to ensure a smooth and accurate implementation of the new standards.

Work and Retirement Among Women: The Health and Employment After Fifty Study.

Women increasingly work beyond age 50+ but their occupational health is under-researched. To investigate what jobs older contemporary women do, when they exit their jobs and what factors predict job exit. Data came from the Health and Employment After Fifty cohort, which recruited women aged 50-64 at baseline in 2013-14 and has followed them up annually collecting: demographic, lifestyle and work information. Exits from employment were mapped longitudinally over five follow-ups. Time-to-first event Cox regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for job exit. At baseline, 4436 women participated, 64% of whom were working. The proportions of women working at 50-54, 55-60 and over 60 years were 86%, 79% and 38%, respectively. Amongst all women, after adjustment for age, managing comfortably financially and not coping with the mental demands of the job were associated with exit. Risk factors for job exit differed in the age bands: 50-54; 55-59 and >60 years, reflecting socio-economic status, markers of health (musculoskeletal pain and poor self-rated health) and work factors (under-appreciation, job dissatisfaction, temporary/permanent contracts, coping with work's physical demands). Factors contributing to exit from work among older women differ by age group, after controlling for perceived financial position, age and mental demands of the job. A number of work characteristics predict job exit and suggest that employers can play an important role in supporting women to continue working until older ages. Identification and treatment of musculoskeletal pain could also enable work amongst older women.

To Change or Not to Change: The Informativeness of REIT Annual Reports

Increasingly similar corporate disclosures may fail to provide potential investors with adequate information about a company to facilitate astute, informed, and/or rational decision making. In light of this repeatedly expressed SEC concern, the current investigation uses a sample of 1,910 annual report (10-k) filings by 234 separate equity REITs from 2000-2020 to examine the impact of year-over-year linguistic similarity on the perceived information content of corporate disclosures. Consistent with the aforementioned concerns, we document a significant increase in the degree of REIT annual report similarity over time. Despite this trend, we find that innovations in annual report disclosures remain directly related to observable changes in both the operational complexity and financial position of the firm. Furthermore, these innovations engender significant market reactions including changes in options trading activity, annual report readability, and the firm’s cost of equity capital. Lastly, these findings are both robust to the inclusion of alternative information channels and are significantly more pronounced within informationally opaque market settings. In sum, we find REIT annual reports remain a value-relevant source of information for market participants.

The Relationship Between Financial Analysis and Business Performance at Public Universities in Vietnam

Purpose: This article aims to clarify the relationship between financial analysis and business performance at public universities in Vietnam. In addition, the influence of financial analysis on operational results. Theoretical framework: In the context of increasing financial autonomy in public universities in Vietnam, the issue of financial analysis aims to provide information for managers to plan, organize, control, and make decisions. Financial information must be reliable, transparent, and accountably defined. Most universities in Vietnam are not actively engaged in financial analysis activities, and there are significant research gaps globally. Method/design/approach: The research sample, collected online, consisted of 425 respondents in managerial positions (including accounting, auditing, financial, vice principal, and principal positions) in public universities. Sampling took place over a 3-month period from September 2022 to December 2023. Using quantitative research and the PLS-SEM structural equation modeling in SPSS 20 and AMOS 20 software. Results and conclusion: The study identified two factors with the strongest influence on financial analysis in public universities in Vietnam: (i) the analysis data base (AD); and (ii) the analysis content (CA) and influence of financial analysis on operational results. The research provided in-depth insights and critical discussions and evaluations in financial analysis at public universities in Vietnam, recommending the adoption of public accounting standards for financial reporting developed by the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) or the use of EVA indicators (net operating profit after tax minus cost of capital) in financial analysis activities. Research implications: This research uses the contents of financial analysis and operational results based on prior studies in the realm of the public and universities. Within the context of the digital transformation of the entire society and improving the quality of education, these variables are useful solutions for universities. Originality/value: This study uses a new research methodology to analyze and measure the relationship between financial analysis and business performance at public universities in Vietnam. The paper's primary contribution is findings that benefit the public universities in Vietnam in the improvement of their training quality and business performance.