Filipino Research Articles

Psychological distress as a predictor of quality of life among selected Filipino school personnel

This study examined the possible relationship and predictive impact of psychological distress on the quality of life among school personnel. 112 personnel employed in a private school in Caloocan City, Philippines, who participated in the study and completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21) and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) survey. The occurrence of severe to extremely severe level of depression, anxiety, and stress were 28.58, 17.85, and 8.93%, respectively, thus the school personnel obtained a satisfied rating in all the domains of quality of life. Correlations between the quality of life dimensions and psychological distress facets are significant at the 0.05 level of significance except for the correlation between social mean score and total anxiety score. The respondents in terms of their gender experienced the same level of psychological distress and quality of life while single employees appeared to have higher levels of depression and stress symptoms compared to married ones. Furthermore, a regression analysis demonstrated that a significant variance of 44.7% (psychological), 40.2% (physical), 8.9% (social), and 26.9% (environmental) factors of quality of life can be accounted for by psychological distress. In addition, depression and stress symptoms are found to be significant predictors of psychological and physical health, while stress is a significant predictor of social relationships and environmental domain. Therefore, the results highlight the implications for an intervention program in relieving the psychological distress and improving the quality of life among school personnel. Key words: Depression, anxiety, stress, quality of life.

Understanding COVID-19 Dispersion in the Filipino Sociocultural Context

This study aims to discover the sociocultural factors affecting the disease dispersion pattern of the COVID-19 in the Philippines. This is an ecological study where the unit of observation is the cases of COVID-19 in the country. The cases compared was defined in various ways to create an explanation of the dispersion pattern of COVID-19 in the country. Data was taken from the official reports of the Philippine Department of Health as of March 13, 2020, on the 52 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the country. Data gathered from the reports were age, sex, existing diseases, acquisition (local or international), proximity to carrier and health status. Results revealed that older male Filipinos are at higher risk of acquiring COVID-19 with prognosis defined by certain culturally-related diseases. The dispersion of the disease in the country is further compounded by the sociocultural context the Filipinos are in.

English and Filipino: Switching of Languages towards Improved Performance on Mathematics

English and Filipino: Switching of Languages towards Improved Performance on Mathematics

The Year of the Filipino Pathologist

The Year of the Filipino Pathologist

A BSP closer to the people: spreading the benefits of monetary and financial stability

This article tackles the efforts of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas ( BSP ) to bring the achievement of its core mandates closer to the Filipino people. It examines the complex operating environment characterized by a narrowing policy space for central banks of advanced economies, the increasing scope of central bank objectives outside traditional monetary policy, greater global connectedness, and the rise of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Moreover, it outlines the BSP ’s policy directions and priorities going forward. More importantly, the article also discusses how, even in a complex operating environment, the benefits of BSP ’s delivery of its mandates can be brought closer to the people. JEL classification: E02, E52, E58, E59

Li and Filipino behavioural propriety

Li and Filipino behavioural propriety

Exploring Differences in Work Attitudes of Professionals in Family and Non-Family Businesses

Professionals in family businesses are reputed to experience unique opportunities and challenges. This study compared work attitudes of professionals in family and non-family run businesses. Analysis of survey data collected from 206 participants revealed that professionals in family-run businesses were more empowered, satisfied with their jobs and careers and committed to their organizations compared to employees in non-family businesses even when age, job level, organizational tenure, and firm size are controlled. We suggest that family businesses may have cultures that resonate with values of Filipino workers. Philippine Journal of Psychology Vol.39(1) 2006

A Study on the effects of social discrimination and individual-level factors on the life satisfaction :Chinese, Korean-Chinese, Vietnamese, Pilipinas

A Study on the effects of social discrimination and individual-level factors on the life satisfaction :Chinese, Korean-Chinese, Vietnamese, Pilipinas

Effects of comorbidities on quality of life in Filipino people with tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: We investigated health-related quality of life (HrQoL) in Filipino people undergoing TB treatment, and whether HrQoL was negatively impacted by comorbidity with undernutrition, diabetes (DM) and anaemia.METHODS: Adult participants were enrolled in public facilities in Metro Manila (three sites) and Negros Occidental (two sites). Multivariate linear regression was used to model the four correlated domain scores from a WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (physical, psychological, social, environmental). A forward-stepwise approach was used to select a final multivariable model with inclusion based on global tests of significance at P < 0.1.RESULTS: In 446 people on drug-susceptible TB treatment, DM and moderate/severe anaemia were not associated with HrQoL. After adjustment for age, sex, education, food insecurity, treatment adherence, inflammation, Category I or II TB treatment, treatment phase, current side effects and inhibited ability to work, moderate/severe undernutrition (body mass index < 17 kg/m²) was associated with lower HrQoL (P = 0.003) with reduced psychological (coefficient: -1.02, 95% CI -1.54 to -0.51), physical (-0.62, 95% CI -1.14 to -0.09) and environmental domain scores (-0.45, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.01). In 225 patients with known HIV status in Metro Manila, HIV was associated with modestly reduced HrQoL (P = 0.014).CONCLUSION: Nutritional status and food insecurity represent modifiable risk factors for poor HrQoL that may be alleviated through interventions.

Clinical features of Senior–Loken syndrome with IQCB1/NPHP5 mutation in a Filipino man

Clinical features of Senior–Loken syndrome with IQCB1/NPHP5 mutation in a Filipino man

Falling victims to online disinformation among young Filipino people: Is human mind to blame?

Falling victims to online disinformation among young Filipino people: Is human mind to blame?

Why a National University Hospital should Prioritize and Fund Research

Why a National University Hospital should Prioritize and Fund Research

Aping the Filipino Image

Early American visual culture has played a substantial role in advancing American Imperialism in the early 1900s. Using publication as an instrument of expansionism, America’s distribution of visual images depicting its conquered nations, has resulted in consequences that have perpetually categorized its once-dominated territories as inferior. The Philippines reveal the consequences of this classification. Seized by the United States in 1899, the Philippines was repeatedly a subject of American print culture. Primarily, editorial cartoons were used to illustrate recurring images of Filipinos to justify its annexation. Employing illusive and sensational tropes, these cartoons were widely distributed through magazines and periodicals, informing the American population of debasing assumptions to characterize the Filipino individual. As a result, the Philippines gained false attributions and stereotypes brought upon by their erroneous portrayal in early American media. This research argues that the deceptive representation of the Philippines in early American visual culture, has aided in creating false Filipino stereotypes, hence, sustaining the nation in the periphery. Visual codings used in editorial cartoons repeatedly exemplified the Filipino character as incompetent and inferior. Filtration of Filipino representation is, likewise, apparent. By exaggerating damaging visual tropes that painted the Filipino individual as primitive and savage, and eliminating its progressive and modern characteristics, editorial cartoons helped reinforce the supposed ‘benevolent assimilation’ America used in defending its colonialism. Such reinforcement produced lasting consequences that not only perpetuated false Filipino stereotypes in the global platform, but also encouraged the Philippines’ inadvertent participation to cultural imperialism in present society.

Impact of Faculty Development Programs to the Instructional Performance of Teachers in Governor Feliciano Leviste Memorial National High School

Teachers serve as the sole dispenser of knowledge in the schools. They need to be equipped with the skills in teaching using appropriate methodologies, strategies and approaches in dealing with various types of learners. In the Philippines, the Department of Education is determined to provide the teachers the best enhancement programs to achieve its vision for the Filipino people. Localized teacher training programs are being conducted in school levels to upgrade teachers’ level of competency in their needed instructional skills. Several teachers’ development programs are offered to teachers which are usually conducted monthly, quarterly or at least once a year to sustain their needs. This study aimed to determine the impact of faculty development programs to the instructional performance of teachers in Governor Feliciano Leviste Memorial National High School. This also sought to answer how effective were teachers with regard to instructional skills as assessed by teachers themselves and by their respective department heads in relation to the faculty development programs. It also evaluated the faculty development programs offered in GFLMNHS namely, Gender and Development (GAD) Program, In-service trainings (INSET) and Learning Action Cell (LAC). Descriptive method of research was applied to figure out the impact of those enhancement programs in the teacher’s instructional performance. It involved the 203 secondary school teachers and seven department heads of the said school. The researcher utilized the questionnaire as the main data-gathering tool which consisted of two parts. Part one dealt with the instructional performance of teachers and part two was about the evaluation of faculty development programs as assessed by department heads and teachers themselves. The responses were interpreted using the appropriate statistical tools such as Percentage, Weighted Mean, Ranking and t-test based from the obtained answers. Furthermore, the study reveals the significant impact of faculty development programs specifically the GAD, INSET and LAC sessions to the instructional performance of teachers.

Variational Approach to Data Graduation

The Whittaker-Henderson graduation is a data smoothing method commonly used in actuarial science for mortality table computation. This method is a finite-dimensional minimization problem, which aims to give a smooth approximation of the crude data. Our goal is to treat the Whittaker-Henderson method as a minimization problem in a Sobolev space. We take advantage of some results in the study of Sobolev spaces to analyze the solution to the graduation problem. Solving the arising minimization problem is equivalent to solving a partial differential equation (PDE). To solve the PDE numerically, we use the finite element method (FEM). We apply this variational approach to the data sets found in the literature. In particular, we test our method to check for patterns in (1) mortality rates for Filipino males, (2) global average temperature anomaly, and (3) monthly eBay share price. We also compare the results with that of the Whittaker-Henderson method.

A 10‐Year Analysis of Internet Search Trends of the Oral Health−Seeking Behavior of Filipinos

This report describes the oral health−seeking behavior (OHSB) of Filipinos through exploratory analysis of their Internet search activities. Using Google Trends, the yearly variation of relative search volume (RSV) regarding OHSB was determined with the use of preselected search terms. The result of the two‐way analysis of variance showed a statistically significant interaction between the effects of years on the OHSB search terms used by Filipinos, F(4.526, 179.2) = 142.3, p &lt; .0001. Dunnett's multiple comparisons test showed significant increases in RSV for dentures (DS) from 2015 to 2019 and dental braces (DB) from 2014 to 2019, but the results for tooth decay (TD) and dentist (DT) showed little changes. These findings indicate the Filipino people's higher overall interest in DB, which increased from 2014 to 2019. These data should be used to realign their OHSB.

Factors Affecting the Intent to Use HIV Testing Services of Filipino Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Structural Equation Model.

In recent years, the Philippines has seen significant increases in the uptake of HIV testing services (HTSs) but considerably lags in achieving the 2030 goal of achieving 90% of the people knowing their HIV status. The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of the Health Belief Model, using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), in identifying factors that affect the intentions of Filipino men who have sex with men to seek and get tested for HIV. A sample of 471 Filipino men who have sex with men completed the web-based survey. The mean age of the participants was 25.93 years (SD = 6.02), with a majority reporting having been tested at least once (n = 349; 74.10%) and planning to follow-up with HTS providers in 3 months (73.4%; n = 386). The final model was identified that predicted HTS utilization (R = 0.08); self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility, and benefits were most predictive of HTS utilization. The model produced may be useful in identifying gaps in HTS program planning and implementation.

Views about HIV and sexual health among gay and bisexual Filipino men living in New Zealand

ABSTRACT HIV infection is an issue for all gay and bisexual men in New Zealand, including men of Asian ethnicity among whom HIV infection is increasing. This study identifies the ways Filipino gay and bisexual men living in New Zealand talk about and understand issues related to HIV and HIV health-promoting behaviours. A qualitative descriptive methodology was used. Individual face-to-face interviews were analysed using a general inductive analytic approach. Three themes are evident across the men’s talk in relation to knowledge and practices around HIV and HIV health-promoting behaviours: (a) safe-sex is about condom use, (b) low levels of engagement with HIV testing, and (c) barriers to engagement with HIV-health promotion. The study results have implications for HIV health promotion and prevention programmes. Specifically, improved health literacy around HIV and prevention technologies is required. Culturally appropriate services and health promotion interventions need to be developed. Improved support and advocacy for gay and bisexual men in the broader Filipino community to counter stigma appear warranted.

The Dichotomous Legacy of the Catholic Church’s Opposition to the Philippine Revolution of 1896

ABSTRACT This article examines the repositioning of the Catholic Church in the aftermath of the Philippine Revolution of 1896–98, during the transfer of Spanish to American colonial rule. It reviews the consultations between the outgoing Spanish bishops and the Vatican’s Apostolic Delegate, Placido Chapelle, in January 1900, and the subsequent religious settlement promulgated in the Vatican’s Apostolic Constitution for the Philippine Church, Quae mari Sinico, in 1902. The Delegate’s identification with the Spanish bishops and their opposition to Filipino nationalist aspirations and the Filipino secular clergy confirmed the anti-Filipino position of the Church in the American colonial period. Both the Filipino bishops and the American bishops opposed independence and distrusted the nationalist leaders as anti-clerical Masons. This is followed by a discussion of the claimed reconciliation of Church and Filipino political aspirations in the post-Vatican II period in the 1960s, which culminated in the Church’s role in bringing down President Ferdinand Marcos in 1986. Committed to a theology of social justice, the bishops now aligned the Church with progressive democratic nationalists. In its successful opposition to the Marcos dictatorship in the name of “People’s Power,” the hierarchy claimed that through the “Miracle of EDSA” the Church had identified with and indeed represented the political will of the Filipino people.

Seroprevalence of Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in Indian and Filipino migrant populations in Qatar: a cross-sectional survey.

The epidemiology of herpes simplex virus infections is of growing interest but information on its seroprevalence in many countries is scarce. This study aimed to measure the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in Filipino and Indian men living in Qatar. Blood serum specimens were collected from male blood donors aged ≥ 18 years in Qatar from 2013 to 2016. HerpeSelect® 1/2 and Euroline-WB assays were used to measure antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in 120 Filipino and 325 Indian men. The seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus-1 was 84.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 78.4-90.0%) in Filipino men and 48.3% (95% CI: 43.6-53.0%) in Indian men. The seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus-2 was 8.3% (95% CI: 4.6-13.7%) in Filipinos and 3.7% (95% CI: 2.2-5.9%) in Indians. The seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 increased with age, but this trend was only statistically significant in Indian men (P = 0.013 and P = 0.011 respectively). The seroprevalence rates of herpes simplex virus-2 in Filipino and Indian men living in Qatar were similar to those found in the Philippines and India. However, the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus-1 in Indians, while similar to that found in India, was substantially lower than that of other countries in Asia and developing countries worldwide, which needs further investigation.