Field Of Welfare Research Articles

Epidemiological features of chronic hepatitis B in the Russian Federation and the Samara region

Research objective. To analyze the epidemiological features of chronic hepatitis in the Russian Federation and in the Samara region.Materials and methods. The data of official statistics were analyzed: the materials of the Federal Service for Supervision in the Field of Consumer Protection and Human Welfare, the Office of the Federal Service for Supervision in the Field of Consumer Protection and Human Welfare in the Samara Region.Results. The long-term dynamics of the incidence of newly diagnosed chronic hepatitis B in the Russian Federation and the Samara region in 1999–2021 was synchronous. In 1999–2001 the incidence of HCV (Chronic hepatitis B) in the Russian Federation and the Samara region had maximum values of 16,00⁄0000–22,50⁄0000. In the Samara region, it was higher than in the country. As a result of systematic measures to vaccinate the population against HCV during the period of mass immunization (2006–2021), the rate of decrease in the incidence of HCV in the Samara region decreased from 14,5 0⁄0000 to 2,40⁄0000 and in the country – from 14,0 0⁄0000 to 4,50⁄0000. The introduction of immunization of the child population against HCV in the Samara region had a positive effect on the incidence of HCV. From 2000 to 2021, the incidence of HCV decreased by 9,4 times. If in 2000 the incidence of children with HCV was 4,20⁄0000 in the Russian Federation, in 2002–7,30⁄0000 in the Samara region, then in 2021 in the Russian Federation it decreased to 0,080⁄0000, no cases were registered in the Samara region.

Measures of Well-Being in U.S. Animal Shelter Staff During 2023

Introduction: The demands of animal shelter work can take a toll on staff well-being. The years following the coronavirus pandemic have been especially demanding as shelters struggle to navigate a series of unprecedented challenges, including pandemic-related restrictions, the shortage of veterinary professionals, adoptions not keeping pace with increasing animal admissions (especially of dogs), the expiration of eviction moratoriums, and rising inflation. These factors create a context that is potentially deleterious to the well-being of shelter staff. Methods: We used an online survey to collect information from U.S. shelter staff (N = 243). Specifically, we used the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) instruments to quantify various aspects of staff well-being. We also collected basic demographic information and details about participants’ experience in the animal welfare field. Results: PROMIS results reveal mean anger, anxiety, depression, and fatigue scores in the mild/moderate range, significantly higher than those of the general U.S. population. ProQOL results show that nearly half of shelter staff respondents (49.4%) recorded compassion satisfaction scores in the high range, with the remainder falling into the moderate (39.1%) or low (11.5%) range; 53.5% recorded burnout scores in the high range, with the remainder falling into the moderate (32.1%) or low (14.4%) range; and 90.9% recorded secondary traumatic stress scores in the high range, with the remainder falling into the moderate (8.2%) or low (0.8%) range. Conclusion: Although the shelter staff surveyed reported high levels of job satisfaction, their high burnout and secondary traumatic stress scores, and lower mental and physical health scores raise serious concerns about employee well-being and potential turnover following the coronavirus pandemic. If much of the trauma that comes with animal sheltering work cannot be avoided, policymakers should consider providing shelter staff with the resources necessary to mitigate its impact.

Assessing Solutions for Resilient Dairy Farming in Europe.

The objective of the EU project Resilience for Dairy (R4D) is to develop and strengthen a self-sustainable Thematic Network on resilient dairy farms in 15 European countries. This article focusses on those solutions (practices and techniques) that are assessed contributing to a resilient dairy farming sector. The opinions of experts, farmers, and stakeholders were collected and scored through surveys and in a series of local workshops. Six key contributing knowledge fields are included: economic and social resilience, technical efficiency, environment, animal welfare and health, and societal perception. Assessing these knowledge fields proved to be a good predictor for measuring resilience. Only the impact fields of animal welfare and health and societal perception overlapped each other in response. This study shows differences in the choice of solutions across Europe. Experts from South and East Europe are more positive about the contribution of solutions to resilience than their colleagues from North and West Europe, except for social life items. Expert and farmer/stakeholder opinions differ regarding several of the solutions. Technical efficiency is a leading strategy. Priority topics of interest are communication with society, renewable energy production, strategic hoof trimming, early detection of diseases, monitoring fertility and health, and calf rearing. Besides resilience, attractiveness and readiness of the solutions were also assessed.

A Psychometric Analysis of the Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change (ORIC) in a Child Welfare Setting

ABSTRACT Purpose This study consisted of a psychometric analysis of the brief and expanded versions of the Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change (ORIC) to assess the scale’s validity and reliability in a child welfare setting. Method Based on responses from a sample of 313 child welfare professionals, factorial structure was assessed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Construct validity was assessed through correlations with theoretically linked concepts, and internal consistency was assessed through Cronbach’s alpha. Results Factor analysis yielded a unidimensional structure for the brief version and a two-factor structure for the expanded version. However, the models did not meet the standards for sufficient fit, as evidenced by the fit indices. Both the brief and expanded versions were significantly and positively correlated with theoretically linked concepts. Internal consistency of the brief (α = .96) and expanded versions (α = .96) was excellent. Discussion Though the measure holds promise with respect to construct validity and internal consistency, further testing of the factorial structure in a variety of child welfare samples is warranted. Conclusion This study supports the field of child welfare with information regarding one possible measure of organizational readiness, an important concept in implementation science.

Assessing SIKS-NG for Poverty Data Management in Social Welfare

The Specific background shows that although many E-Government applications have been implemented, the effectiveness of the next generation social welfare information system (SIKS-NG) in processing poverty data at the village level is still poorly understood. Knowledge gap raises questions about how SIKS-NG can be optimized to meet social welfare objectives. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of SIKS-NG as a poverty data processing application and identify the challenges faced in its implementation. Results of the study show that accuracy in determining program targets, lack of effective socialization, and inadequate monitoring are obstacles to the optimization of SIKS-NG. The novelty of this study lies in the descriptive qualitative approach that reveals the direct experiences of stakeholders in using the application. Implications of these findings suggest the need for improvements in program socialization and monitoring so that SIKS-NG can function optimally and provide maximum benefits to the community in managing poverty data and improving public services in the field of social welfare. Highlights: Assessing the effectiveness of SIKS-NG in poverty data management. Highlighting issues with accuracy, socialization, and monitoring. Gathering direct experiences from users to inform improvements. Keywords: E-Government, SIKS-NG, Poverty Data, Social Welfare, Implementation Challenges

Thinking politically about social work in child protection and welfare: A radical Reappropriation of the works of Hannah Arendt

This article presents a theoretical exposition of Arendtian political philosophy for child protection and welfare social work. The aim is to better understand and inform social work in the field of child protection and welfare, whilst accounting for the political context of practice. Sustaining the exposition is the view that power-laden child protection systems are ultimately socio-political through their authority to intervene in private family life. This is partly owing to the instrumental power inherent in child protection systems to exert dominance and control over service users and social groups leading to raced, gendered and classed outcomes in child welfare. To unpack the political nature of social work in child protection and welfare, a tripartite conceptual frame of private, public and social domains is derived from Arendt’s philosophical work. This is critically applied to put forward seven propositions for how social work can develop in child protection and welfare, with respect to practice in a socio-political context. Practical implications for future social work include implementing evidence-informed advocacy efforts and conducting empirical research toward preserving balance in social work attention to public and private life.

수정 델파이 기법을 활용한 문화복지 활성화를 위한 공립미술관 설립 및 운영 방안 연구

The purpose of this study is to establish a strategy for establishing and operating a public art museum to revitalize cultural welfare, and to provide basic data for establishing a basic plan necessary for establishing and operating a public art museum. A panel of 14 experts in the field of cultural welfare was selected, and a modified Delphi survey was conducted three times from July 1 to September 27, 2023. The collected data were analyzed for content validity ratio (CVR), mean, standard deviation, interquartile range, convergence, agreement, and coefficient of variation for each sub-element item. The factors and discussion points derived from the analysis results are as follows. First, in establishing the role and vision of public art museums, Local government must seek to strengthen local culture, promote citizen participation and foster creators, create cultural value, and seek to establish the art museum brand and identity. Second, when establishing a public art museum, the location should be selected to reflect citizen participation and needs, promote integrated artistic expression with the artistic value of the space and works, and be harmonious with the surrounding landscape and appropriately located in a place with historical significance. Third, in operating public art museums, efforts should be made to develop museum-specific content and research through continuous development of content that reflects local cultural characteristics, ensure efficient budget and operation, and provide citizens with opportunities to participate in cultural life for all generations and classes. Opportunities for participation must be strengthened, professional operation and independence must be guaranteed, and environmentally friendly and sustainable operations must be achieved. Fourth, in order to enjoy cultural rights and bridge cultural gaps, provide opportunities for the unique works of local artists to be exhibited, establish a support program for local artists to contribute to revitalizing the local art ecosystem, and promote the growth of the local community by realizing education through culture. In addition, through the integration of culture and education, we must build an art museum as a space open to all citizens and all cultures and take the lead in inclusive operation to realize the universality of culture by removing social barriers. Through this study, the policy implication was made to keep in mind that discussions between each group are the beginning of the establishment of a public art museum from the beginning of establishing a basic plan for the establishment of a public art museum, and the establishment and operation of a public art museum to revitalize cultural welfare through the 15 items derived from this study. It provides implications of the study, which provides basic data for the plan.

A Mediating Effect of Public Service Motivation on Retention Intention Among Child Welfare Students: Task Self-Efficacy

ABSTRACT Purpose This study investigates the role of Public Service Motivation (PSM) in retaining highly skilled and qualified child welfare graduates within the public child welfare sector. Materials and methods Three entire cohorts of child welfare student social workers over three years (N = 125) in BSW and MSW child welfare programs at seven universities in a Southern state were surveyed to examine the effects of task self-efficacy achieved through the curriculum and public service motivation on retention intention among social work students specializing in child welfare practice at both the baccalaureate and master’s levels. Mediation analysis was conducted to estimate the indirect effect of self-efficacy on students’ retention intention. Results The self-efficacy of child welfare students, operationalized as their confidence in performing competencies, significantly influences their intention to remain in the field of child welfare. Furthermore, self-efficacy among child welfare students has a statistically significant effect on their PSM. PSM, in turn, significantly impacts their intention to persist in child welfare work. Discussion The findings indicate that PSM partially mediates the relationship between students” self-efficacy and their intent to remain in child welfare work, even when controlling for educational background. We recommend that child welfare agencies recognize and nurture workers” PSM by incorporating practices that promote PSM.

Collaborative practices for children with medical complexities and their families: A scoping review

Objective This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of collaborative practices for children with medical complexities and their families by life stage.Methods This scoping review was conducted based on the JBI scoping review manual using the PubMed, CINAHL, and Medical Journal databases. Search terms included "collaboration," "intersectoral collaboration," "children with medical complexity," and "children with special healthcare needs," whereas control words included "children with special healthcare needs," "children with medical care," "children with severe mental and physical disabilities," and "children with severe mental and physical disabilities." The inclusion criteria were articles in Japan that reported on practices for children (aged 0-18 years) with medical care needs and collaboration among other multiple professions, research articles, excluding review and protocol articles, and English or Japanese articles. For the analysis, collaboration-related practices were extracted from selected papers, categorized based on similarities in content, and further summarized according to the life stage. Three researchers discussed the selection of papers, data extraction, and analysis until a consensus was reached.Results The analysis included 30 papers (27 Japanese and three English papers). Regarding publication year, 14 papers were published within the last 3 years. Additionally, 19 case and 26 practice reports and 11 studies (quantitative research; one, qualitative research; 10) were published by professionals. Regarding collaborative practices, 160 cases were extracted and classified into nine. In "discharge support," practices in all subcategories were reported for preschoolers, whereas only two of the five subcategories were reported for school-aged children. Contrastingly, in the "maintenance phase in preschool, daycare, and school," preschoolers reported practices in two of the seven subcategories. Additionally, various professionals from the fields of medicine, welfare, education, and administration were involved in the collaboration.Conclusion There were differences in the reporting of collaborative practices at each life stage. Although numerous professionals were involved, reports of collaborative practices among them were unevenly distributed. Eventually, it will be necessary to investigate the nature of collaborative practices among various professionals, focusing on children and their families.

Civil society and governance. A survey of local authority and NPO collaboration from an institutional perspective

ABSTRACT There is a renewed interest in third sector organizations with hope for contributions to systems of new public governance and welfare services. This study is based on a survey to the local authorities in Sweden and aims to analyze how collaboration between public and third sector organizations occurs at the local level. A special focus for the study is idea-driven public partnerships (IOPs). The results indicate that collaboration mainly occurs outside of the core fields of welfare and also that the national level agreements set standards to be used in especially the larger local authorities who are more in need of formalized policies to handle the local relations. The institutionalized collaborative relations are diverse and mainly meant to promote a thriving third sector for its democratic values, but there are also certain welfare fields with less local remit such as sports, leisure time activities, and homelessness where NPOs are not crowded out by the public sector. Collaboration with IOPs are more common in larger local authorities and places with a larger proportion of immigrants.

The ripple effect of school dropout: exploring the nexus between school dropout, deviance, and subsequent arrest amongst children in India

PurposeThis paper aims to measure the prevalence of deviant behaviour among children who have dropped out of school and their subsequent arrests by the criminal justice system. The paper further analyses the relationship between the factors attributed to deviant behaviour and the subsequent arrests by the criminal justice system.Design/methodology/approachUsing a semi-structured interview schedule, data was collected from 330 children who had already dropped out of school, remained on the streets or worked. The interviews took place in the presence of either of the children’s parents, with their consent.FindingsThe research identified 12 significant factors contributing to children dropping out of school. It also found six factors responsible for deviant behaviour. Furthermore, the study revealed that about 70% of the respondents were involved in one or more deviant behaviours. Among them, 51% had been detained by the Police in the past two years. Additionally, the linear regression model results positively predict the nexus among the six factors responsible for deviant behaviour.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to male children who had dropped out of school, as female children were excluded. In connection with measuring deviant behaviour, it was challenging to discern whether it occurred before students left school, after or both.Practical implicationsThe study suggests several measures, including policies such as early intervention programmes, providing quality education, mentoring and counselling for students and parents, vocational education opportunities, creating drug-free environments, career guidance, peer mentoring, community engagement, substance abuse prevention and rehabilitation programmes, to prevent school dropout and subsequent deviant behaviour.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is unique to India. The moderation regression model represents an exceptional finding. This study constitutes another addition to the field of child welfare while also indicating scope for future research.

A Brief History of the Early Development of China's Social Philanthropy Field and Its Impact on the Later Development of the Philanthropy Field

Although charity has been developed in China for decades, its basic value attributes have not been truly stimulated in Chinese society. If we look at the development of philanthropy in China alone, we will not only fail to touch the core of the problem, but also deviate from it. Based on a brief analysis of the early development history, this paper finds that the problem has been foreshadowed in the earliest historical development. Through a combination of qualitative research methods, this paper realizes that the key to improving and even solving the problems in the field of public welfare and charity in Chinese society does not lie in the problems of the field itself, but rather in the political behaviors and modus operandi behind the problems that appear to be public welfare and charity.

Professionals’ Satisfaction with the Available Early Support Services, the Professional Role and the Support Provided to Children with Developmental Disabilities and Their Families

Aim: The objective of this research was to determine the satisfaction of professionals with early support services, professional role and support provided to families of children with developmental disabilities in Brod-Posavina and Istria counties. Subjects and Methods: The sample included 82 professionals from the fields of healthcare, social welfare, and early and preschool education, and a measuring instrument was designed for the purposes of this research. In the first part of the questionnaire, data on sociodemographic characteristics were collected, and in the second part, data on professionals’ satisfaction with early support services, satisfaction with their professional role and satisfaction with the support provided to families of children with disabilities. Results: The results show that most professionals are satisfied with the advisory support services of pediatricians from the health center, the inclusion of children with developmental disabilities in kindergarten and the advisory support of kindergarten teachers. A very small number of professionals express their satisfaction with telephone counseling, the service of a social pedagogue in Centre for Social Welfare, and an assistant in a kindergarten. It was identified that only self-assessment of knowledge about children with developmental disabilities is a significant positive predictor of satisfaction with the professional role (ß = 0.37, p < 0.01). Conclusion: It was also shown that professionals who have more knowledge are more satisfied with their professional role and the support they provide. Findings of this research suggested that quality education and knowledge can be key to achieving a high level of satisfaction with the professional role and the support provided.

Assessing the Level of Knowledge of Ukrainian Consumers Regarding Cows’ Welfare on Dairy Farms

In modern society, consumers are very often the driving force of change. Therefore, it is important to understand and satisfy their needs. The purpose of the study was to identify modern Ukrainian consumers’ level of knowledge, interest and understanding of the importance of cows’ welfare on dairy farms, and to determine the willingness to pay a higher price for products from cows with a high level of welfare. The research was carried out through an online survey of representatives of Ukrainian consumers (n=2,345) between March and April 2023. Ukrainian consumers did not feel sufficiently informed on cows’ welfare, and most consumers had not come across welfare labelling and wanted to receive more information. Most Ukrainian consumers were ready to pay more (from 5 to 20%) for products from cows with a high level of welfare. Ukrainian consumers believed that the farmer has the greatest influence on welfare, and the consumers themselves have the least influence. Only 5% of consumers believe that government and legislation have a major impact on cows’ welfare. The respondents highly rated such parameters of welfare as sufficient space, adequate and high-quality feed, access to pastures, good relations with farm workers and expression of natural behaviour. We consider it important to increase the level of awareness of consumers in the field of animal welfare, to further develop a product certification scheme, and in the future to conduct a survey on awareness in the field of dairy herd welfare among Ukrainian farmers.

Shared Decision-Making in the Field of Social Welfare

Shared Decision-Making in the Field of Social Welfare

PSYCHOLOGICAL SKILL ASSISTANCE FOR MARRIED COUPLES WHO ARE ALUMNI OF PRE-MARITAL COURSES AT BP4 - PARIAMAN CITY

This paper aims to see how far BP4 Pariaman City has a role in strengthening human psycho-social in the field of social welfare; services for alumni of post-marriage couples need to be followed up with a balanced program. The lack of psycho-social understanding of pre-marital post-marriage course graduates will have great potential to add to the long line of early marriage ages in Pariaman City. The fundamental problem that is most troubling is their ignorance of the responsibilities, rights and obligations of husband and wife in the household. To overcome this solution, the service team identified the problem of spaciousness. It mapped the problem to be treated (treatment) for the subject of service through two stages: family psychology guidance and Islamic family counseling. The first stage is pre-activity in the form of a Focus Discussion Group (FGD) presenting lecturers as participants to provide input for the mentoring action plan to be carried out. The second stage is action activities, including psychological skill assistance in family psychology and group counseling. This activity has generally received appreciation from stakeholders (BP4 Pariaman City management, pre-marital course alumni) because this program has offered various alternatives for their self-development in elaborating their knowledge to be applied in household life. The results of the reflection and evaluation of the program offered by the service conclude that they understand that a sakinah mawaddah wa rahmah household life is not achieved by material wealth but by the ability to accept oneself and have a correct understanding of an Islamic household. They understand that household problems cannot be measured only by logic. However, it includes religious and spiritual matters the human mind cannot reach. Therefore, they understand that household responsibilities are worldly matters and matters of the afterlife, which are related to God.

On emperors, monsters and social workers human rights based narratives for post-covid times

ABSTRACT The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected—and continues to affect—social work both in its professional dimension and as an academic discipline in its teaching and research variants. Numerous studies, coincide in highlighting the ‘state of shock’ in which the pandemic has left the field of social welfare and especially everything relating to social services. This has resulted in undermining the self-esteem of many social work practitioners, many of whom were overwhelmed in their daily work and felt incapable of understanding the reality around them, burnt out and frustrated, This situation led to the reactivation of a debate on the need to develop a new narrative identity for social work based on dignified responses. This article is therefore about narratives. More specifically, it is about knowing to what extent it is possible to create a new and narrative identity for social work. The lessons provided by two children’s stories: Hans Christian Andersen’s The Emperor’s New Clothes and Julia Donaldson’s The Gruffalo help to illustrate how narratives can change fundamentally held views. but also can be a powerful instrument for introducing human rights values and topics in social work teaching.

Ideologi Muhammadiyah

This article discusses the ideology of Muhammadiyah, the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia which was founded by KH. Ahmad Dahlan in 1912. Muhammadiyah ideology focuses on purifying Islamic teachings, with the aim of returning religious practices to the Koran and Sunnah of the Prophet. Throughout its journey, Muhammadiyah has also adopted a modern and progressive approach in the fields of education, health and social welfare. This article explores the basic principles of Muhammadiyah ideology, including the concepts of purification (tajdid) and renewal (islah), as well as their implementation in various social programs and activities. Apart from that, the challenges and adaptations of this ideology in facing social, political and cultural dynamics in Indonesia are also discussed. Through this analysis, this article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the contribution and relevance of Muhammadiyah ideology in the context of modern society.

Progress in Legal Research on Pet Animal Protection Issues

The research progress on legal issues regarding animal protection is a crucial aspect in the field of animal welfare. This paper delves into the historical development of animal protection laws, shedding light on the evolution of legal frameworks aimed at safeguarding the rights and well-being of animals. It also explores the contemporary legal challenges in animal protection, addressing the complexities and gaps in existing laws that hinder effective enforcement and implementation. By examining the current state of animal protection laws, this study offers valuable insights into potential solutions and future directions for advancing the legal protection of animals. Through a comprehensive analysis of the legal landscape surrounding animal welfare, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the ethical and legal considerations in animal protection.

Same job, same working conditions? A cross-sectional study to examine the similarities and differences of the working situation in ambulatory and residential youth welfare workers

BackgroundEmployees in social work exhibit high rates of sick leave due to mental health issues. Additionally, work-related demands in youth welfare have increased in recent years. Particularly in light of the escalating shortage of skilled professionals in this field, this trend becomes especially critical. The aim of this study is to systematically examine health-relevant working conditions, coping strategies, and health indicators in youth welfare. A special focus is placed on a differentiated analysis of job-related characteristics in the context of outpatient and residential youth welfare.MethodsMean values, standard deviations and the reliability of scales are measured. In addition to descriptive statistics, t-tests for analyzing mean differences, as well as correlation analyses and odds ratios as measures of association, are computed.ResultsA total of N = 1044 employees in youth welfare participated in the online survey. Among them, 671 individuals belonged to the field of residential youth welfare, and 373 to outpatient youth welfare. The results indicate that, in youth welfare in general, a variety of emotional, social, qualitative, and quantitative demands exhibit high levels. The comparison between outpatient and residential youth welfare reveals differences in half of the demands. The significant differences are observed for social demands and aggression from clients, which are statistically significant higher in the residential setting. Regarding resources, the most significant difference is observed for autonomy, which is higher in the outpatient setting. Overall, the association patterns reveals more similarities than differences between outpatient and residential settings. In both settings working conditions seem to have deteriorated during the pandemic.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the identified job-related characteristics in outpatient and residential youth welfare exhibit more similarities than differences. Nevertheless, the identified differences provide insights into the specific features of each work context, offering valuable starting points for targeted health promotion in practice.Trial registrationThis trial is recorded at the Hamburg University Ethics Committee (AZ 2022_027).