Field Of Sports Medicine Research Articles

Role of Salivary Biomarkers in Systemic Diseases-A Systemic Review

Salivary diagnosis is an increasingly important field in dentistry, physiology, internal medicine, endocrinology, pediatrics, immunology, clinical pathology, forensic medicine, psychology, and sports medicine. A growing number of drugs, hormones, and antibodies can be reliably monitored in saliva, which is an easily obtainable, non-invasive diagnostic medium It has become apparent that many systemic diseases affect salivary gland function and salivary composition. Studies of the effects of systemic diseases on salivary variables have been valuable in understanding the pathogenesis of the diseases, but their use as diagnostic markers has been limited. This article aims to review the point in the literature role of salivary biomarkers in systemic diseases.

Cell Therapy-a Basic Science Primer for the Sports Medicine Clinician.

The emergence of cell-based therapies has brought much excitement to the field of orthopedic sports medicine. However, the significant inconsistency of reporting has led to the poor understanding, misinformation, and false expectations for patients and clinicians alike. In this paper, we aim to clarify the available cell-therapy treatments and summarize some of the latest research. Although this technology is in early development, our understanding of cell biology has grown significantly over the last decade. Furthermore, it is becoming evident that tissue specificity may play a significant role in determining the effectiveness and overall clinical benefit attributed to cell therapy. Cell therapy is an emerging field with tremendous potential for clinically significant benefit. However, in its current state, clinical application of these treatments is limited by federal regulations, variability in formulation, and limited understanding of the biologic activity of various cell formulations.

Chinese Consensus on Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy.

Background:Insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT) is a common finding in the clinic. However, consensus on its mechanism, pathological process, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation is lacking. Thus, the Chinese Society of Sports Medicine organized and invited experts representing the fields of ankle disease and tendinopathy to jointly develop an expert consensus on IAT.Study Design:A consensus statement of the Chinese Society of Sports Medicine.Methods:A total of 34 experts in the field of sports medicine and orthopaedics were invited to participate in the compilation of a consensus statement regarding IAT. Consensus was achieved according to the Delphi method. First, 10 working groups composed of 34 experts were established to compile draft statements about clinical problems related to IAT by reviewing and analyzing the available literature. An expert consensus meeting to discuss drafts was then arranged. Each statement was individually presented and discussed, followed by a secret vote. Consensus was reached when more than 50% of the experts voted in its favor. The strength of the proposed recommendation was classified based on the proportion of favorable votes: consensus, 51% to 74%; strong consensus, 75% to 99%; unanimity, 100%.Results:Of the 10 expert consensus statements on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of IAT, there was strong consensus for 8 statements and unanimity for 2 statements.Conclusion:This expert consensus focused on the concepts, causes, pathological process, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of IAT. Accepted recommendations in these areas which will assist clinicians in carrying out standardized management of related diseases.

Does Identity and Integration Cause Muslims to Choose to Support Celtic Football Club?

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

Physical Development of 11-12-Year-Old Girls Involved in Swimming and Diving Physical

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

Why is applying to fellowship so difficult?

Students at all stages of their medical careers rely on the internet to research programs during the application process to help them learn and make educated decisions. In fact, studies with prospective emergency medicine residents have shown that the quality of information online can even impact an applicant decision to apply. Fellowship program information on institutional websites in the fields of pediatrics, orthopedics surgery, and sports medicine have been studied each highlighting poor content and accessibility of information within the domains of program information, application process and educational curriculum. In this call to action, we aim to shed light on the content and accessibility of information on Maternal Fetal Medicine (MFM) fellowship program websites and discuss the benefits of further centralizing and standardizing program information.

Effects of Motor Imagery Techniques in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

Run and Gait Analysis in Junior Badminton Players of South Asia

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

Efficacy of Positional Release Therapy versus Integrated Neuromuscular Ischemic Technique in the Treatment of Upper Trapezius Trigger Point

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

A Single Test Strip with Two Enzymes for Detecting Two Targets of Blood Sample

Diabetes is a metabolic disease affecting diabetic patients every day. According to the report from WHO in 2016, more than 500 million people have been suffered from diabetes mellitus worldwide and some 150 million Chinese people are diagnosed with the disease. Lactate levels in blood or tissues are correlated to the presence of several diseases such as tissue hypoxia, lactic acidosis and disorders derived from neoplasic diseases, thus the development of highly sensitive and reliable lactate monitoring methods are of great interest in clinical diagnostics and the field of sports medicine. As these two substances mentioned above need to be tested in great amount daily, we described the development and fabrication of these two enzyme electrodes (glucose and lactate) integrating into a single test strip by using screen-printing technology. The twin electrodes test strip can be used to detect two targets in one drop of blood sample based on amperometric principle. This method offers the possibility of mass-production of test strips at easy way and cost effective. There have many investigations and studies for the different kind of biosensors respectively, but one shot leading to two test results with single test strip is rare commercially available in the market. Result: Fabrication of the twin test strip Fig1. The scheme of the twin test strip PE base support; 2, 3.silver conducting track; 4.silver/silver chloride layer; 5.carbon layer; 6.insulate layer; 7.hydrophilic membrane; 8. Spacer; 9.surface bonding; 10.enzyme layer Conclusions The twin test strip is compatible with commercially available platform of glucose testing system. This improvement substantially decreases the cost of detection and reduces sufferings of patients. Further, a multi-functional test strip such as 4-in-1 test strip is in developing in authors’ laboratory. Reference Hu, J., CN patent ZL 206531813U (2017) Figure 1

Theory of Sports: Two Granes Developments

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

Effect of Aerobic Training and C. vulgaris Intake on Lipid Profile and Leptin in Obese Women

Background: Regular physical activity can reduce the complications of obesity. Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) is recognized as a rich source of health promotion. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic training and C. vulgaris intake on lipid profile and leptin in obese women. Methods: We randomly divided 32 obese women into control (C), aerobic training (AT), C. vulgaris (CV), and aerobic training plus C. vulgaris (AT+CV) groups. Interventions were performed for eight weeks. C. vulgaris was used at the dose of 1200 mg/day. The aerobic training included activities on a treadmill with 65% - 80% of maximum heart rate (MHR) (three sessions/week). Blood samples were taken before and after the interventions. Results: The body weight, body mass index (BMI), leptin, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C significantly improved in the AT and AT+CV groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the AT and AT+CV groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Aerobic training can improve the lipid profile and leptin in obese women by reducing weight, increasing oxygen uptake, and improving lipid oxidation. Nevertheless, the effect of C. vulgaris was not detected individually. However, the effect of training may be due to the modification of exercise-induced responses by C. vulgaris properties. Therefore, there is a need for further investigation of C. vulgaris physiological function in the field of sports medicine.

Is there any Relationship between Morning walk and Blood in Urine?

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

Muscle Resting and TGF-β Inhibitor Treatment Prevent Fatty Infiltration Following Skeletal Muscle Injury.

Skeletal muscle injuries are the most common type of injury occurring in sports, and investigating skeletal muscle regeneration as well as understanding the related processes is an important aspect of the sports medicine field. The process of regeneration appears to be complex and precisely orchestrated, involving fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) which are a muscle-resident stem cell population that appears to play a major role in abnormal development of fibrotic tissue or intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT). Our present study aims to investigate whether muscle resting or endurance exercise following muscle injury may change the behavior of FAPs and subsequently impact the development of fatty infiltrations and fibrosis, two hallmarks of regeneration failure. We used the validated glycerol muscle injury model to mimic abnormal muscle regenerative conditions in mice. We challenged this specific regeneration model with hindlimb unloading or endurance exercise and, in a second set of experiments, we treated mice with decorin, a TGF-β inhibitor. In this study, we demonstrated that: i) muscle resting just after injury leads to inhibition of IMAT development, ii) TNF-α mediated FAP apoptosis might be perturbed in this specific glycerol model of muscle injury, leading to IMAT development, and iii) treatment with the TGF-β inhibitor decorin decreases IMAT development and might restores FAP apoptosis. In addition to the potential clinical relevance of decorin treatment in situations involving muscle plasticity and regeneration, this study also demonstrates that a period of muscle resting is necessary following muscle injury to achieve efficient muscle regeneration which is associated with a reduction in fatty infiltration. Unreasonably early resumption of exercise brings no gain to regeneration, further highlighting that this resting period is necessary.

Basic Knowledge of Physical Education Students About Olympism And Concepts Related to Excessive Training: What is the Legacy in Rio De Janeiro – 2016?

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

Monitoring of Exercises Practice and Sports Performance - The use of Biomarkers for Monitoring and Control of Internal Training Loads

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

Optische Kohärenztomographie-Angiographie als zukünftiges Diagnostikum in der Sportmedizin?

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) proved to be efficient for increasing health-related fitness in general and in patients with life style-induced chronic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate if (I)individual physical fitness and (II)aHIIT intervention affects optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) measurements at the ocular fundus of healthy young adults. A total of 65 healthy participants performed astandardized incremental running test to determine their physical fitness. This was defined as speed at the individual anaerobic threshold and maximum running speed followed by a4-week HIIT with two exercise sessions/week. The OCTA measurements of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and flow densities in various segments of the macula and optic nerve head were performed at rest before and after HIIT. An inverse correlation between individual fitness and FAZ area was detected. No further correlations between individual physical fitness and other OCTA parameters were found. In response to HIIT the mean FAZ area in the deep retinal plexus and macular flow density of the superficial layer decreased by 14.00 ± 13.02% and 1.26 ± 3.20%, respectively. The flow density of the nerve head layer in the peripapillary area showed an increase of 1.94 ± 2.39%. All other parameters showed no differences between measurements before and after HIIT. Differences were found in the OCTA measurements of the FAZ depending on the individual physical fitness. Performing HIIT can induce significant changes in certain OCTA parameters. Therefore, OCTA imaging appears to be apromising imaging modality in the field of sports medicine.

The Relevance of Material and Environmental Conditions on Average Course Times in the Largest Ski-Mountaineering Race of the Alps – Patrouille Des Glaciers

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.

Behavior under Load of A Human Shoulder: Finite Element Simulation and Analysis

Most musculoskeletal injuries occur during the work routines in different areas, due to repetitive and sustained movements, they are often located in the shoulder. For workers in the building sector, the repetitive movements and displacements occur under load and unnatural postures of the shoulder joint. For this reason, this study aims to model in 3D the biological components which form the shoulder joint for the later finite element analysis. Three cases with different loads have been considered for this study. Due to a linear and isotropic joint approach it has been possible to evaluate the tensions in the main components of the shoulders: muscles, tendons and ligaments. The methodology used allowed obtaining an improved mesh of the shoulder joint to analyse real situations with finite element method analysis with applications in the field of sports medicine, work, etc. Furthermore, the simplification adopted for modelling the joint muscles, as 1D elements in the finite element model has made it possible to establish different positions of human joint without mesh again each of the studied positions. The results are consistent with the states of applied loads. In fact, the maximum stresses in bones are in the insertion areas of the ligaments. Due to the static positions of the joint under study, the muscles do not support high stresses. According to the stresses distribution, the maximum values are in the zones of tendons. From the result analysis, it is observed how the stresses distribution in the cartilage area maintains coherence with reality since the maximum stresses appear in the lower half of the cartilage. In this area in which the Humerus-scapula contact is greater, the compression tensions are greater.

The Actuality and Demand for Establishing Sports and Leisure Clubs for Students of a Giang University, Vietnam

Journal of Physical Fitness, Medicine & Treatment in Sports is an interdisciplinary open access peer reviewed journal that publishes original research, reviews, short communication, case reports, news, commentaries etc., in the field of sports medicine, treatment and exercise medication.