Field Of Sports Medicine Research Articles

A bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 and physical activity.

Background:Due to the huge impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on a global scale, the level of physical activity during confinement has become a widespread concern. This study summarizes the development of performance and research trends in COVID-19 and physical activity over the last 3 years.Methods:Research publications on COVID-19 and physical activity in the past 3 years were downloaded from the Web of Science database. CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to analyze the authors, published outputs, journals, cited authors, countries and institutions, co-cited journals, cited references, and keywords. Statistical and centrality analyses were used to identify the active authors, core journals, basic references, hot topics, and cutting-edge fields.Results:A total of 1331 papers was retrieved. SMITH L was a prolific author in the field of exercise intervention in COVID-19 with 11 publications. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health was the most productive journal (179 publications) and the most cited journal (1324). The most productive countries and institutions in this field were the USA (322 publications) and Harvard Medical School (21 publications). The four hot keywords in COVID-19 and physical activity research were physical activity, exercise, health, and mental health.Conclusions:This study provides researchers with directions to intervene in changing levels of physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic and valuable information for researchers in the field of sports medicine to identify potential collaborators, collaborating institutions, hot issues, and research frontiers.

382 Essential Skills for Future Equine Sports Rehabilitation Careers

Abstract The field of equine sports medicine and rehabilitation is rapidly expanding with increasing career opportunities for individuals (non-veterinarians) in equine rehabilitation facilities. However, throughout the United States, there are limited educational opportunities for undergraduate students to prepare for this career. The objective of this study was to determine what practical skills and theoretical knowledge are deemed most useful for employment by professionals in this industry. To meet this objective, an Qualtrics survey was distributed through email and social media to veterinarians, veterinary professionals, rehabilitation service providers, and horse owners. In addition to demographics, the survey asked respondents to list practical skills and theoretical knowledge that are essential for professionals in the equine rehabilitation industry. The majority of the 117 respondents (84%) were located in the United States, with the remainder from Canada (5%), the United Kingdom (5%) and several other countries. Eighteen percent of respondents were veterinarians, 26% owned or managed rehabilitation facilities, 8.5% were veterinary technicians, and the remainder were horse owners, rehabilitation service providers, and others. Horse handling skills (19%) and communication skills (18%) were the most commonly listed practical skills deemed essential for rehabilitation professionals. Of the theoretical skills, evaluation of lameness (29.5%), anatomy (31%), and fundamentals of equine reconditioning programs (32%) were deemed similarly important for rehabilitation professionals. Together, these data indicate that an educational program in equine sports rehabilitation should include fundamental knowledge in lameness evaluation and rehabilitation methods as well as significant hands-on opportunities with rehabilitating horses and communicating about rehabilitation methods and progress with clients.

Core muscle strength can be reliably measured using a novel isokinetic device: An intra-observer study.

BACKGROUND: Core strength is an important aspect of physical fitness. A dynamometer was developed to measure isokinetic core muscle strength in multiple planes of motion. Establishing the reliability is needed before it can be used in practice.OBJECTIVE: Examine the intra-observer reliability of a trunk isokinetic dynamometer.METHODS: 31 participants were recruited. Tests were performed twice with an interval of 5–9 days by the same observer. Testing included rotation, flexion/extension and lateral flexion at speeds of 90/s and 60/s. The main outcome measure was peak torque (PT). The secondary outcomes included peak torque angle (PTA), time to peak torque (TTPT) and compensatory torques (CompTQ). The intra-observer reliability was investigated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).RESULTS:Peak torque reliability was good to excellent (ICC 0.70–0.91), whereas the reliability of the PTA (ICC 0.04–0.56) and TTPT (ICC 0.01–0.68) were poor to moderate. CompTQ reliability was moderate to good (ICC 0.20–0.88).CONCLUSIONS: The intra-observer reliability of the isokinetic measurement of core strength peak torque was good. The secondary outcomes peak torque angle and time to peak torque were less reliable and the compensatory torques showed moderate to good reliability. This isokinetic dynamometer could have useful applications in the field of sports medicine and rehabilitation.

Developments, trends, and publication opportunities in sports medicine: Bibliometric analysis

The development of publications in sports medicine has never been mapped, what themes are trending from year to year, and there are opportunities for interesting themes to be studied in the future. This study aims to determine the trend of publications in the field of sports medicine in Indonesia until 2022. This study was a quantitative study with a bibliometric analysis approach using Vosviewers software using keywords co-occurrence approach on secondary published bibliographic data from the Scopus database and manual exploration of distribution frequency of some variables in the CSV file. The search results found that 260 articles were published in both journals and proceedings indexed by Scopus from 1994 to 2022. The findings showed that there had been an increase in scientific production in the last five years. The University of Indonesia, with a total of 27 documents, became one of the affiliates that contributed the most documents on sports medicine in the Scopus database, while one of the most productive authors was Andri Maruli Tua Lubis, with a total of 5 documents. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering were the dominant source of documents in the field of sports medicine, with 19 documents. The mapping indicates that injury prevention and increasing physical activity are among the major clusters of research in the area of sports medicine. Finally, the bibliographic analysis also indicated that the integration of sports medicine with technology is still the direction of the future.

Characterizing athletic healthcare: A perspective on methodological challenges, lessons learned, and paths forward.

Recently, there has been an emphasis on collecting large datasets in the field of sports medicine. While there have been great advances in areas of sport performance and sport epidemiology, there have been fewer efforts dedicated to understanding the effectiveness and impact of athletic healthcare, including injury prevention programs and rehabilitation interventions provided at the point-of-care. In 2009, the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network (AT-PBRN) was launched to address this need, with the mission of improving the quality of care provided by athletic trainers. Unlike other research efforts in sports and medicine, such as sport epidemiology, there are fewer methodological best practices specifically related to clinical data in athletic healthcare. As a result, the AT-PBRN has encountered several methodological challenges during its tenure and has established guidelines based on various sources within the fields of sports and medicine to address these challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this perspective is to identify the challenges and describe strategies to address these challenges related to characterizing athletic healthcare using a large database. Specifically, challenges related to data entry (data quality and reliability) and data extraction and processing (data variability and missing data) will be discussed. Sharing challenges and perspectives on solutions for collecting and reporting on athletic healthcare data may facilitate a greater consistency in the approach used to collect, analyze, and report on clinical data in athletic healthcare, with the goal of improving patient outcomes and the quality of care provided by athletic trainers.

Impact Assessment of Sports Medicine Studies on Knowledge Production and Development

In order to justify the investments made in research in the field of sports medicine, the outcomes and impacts of these investments should be assessed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status and impact of sports medicine studies on the production and development of knowledge. In this descriptive study bibliometric and scientometric methods were used on 1145 scientific productions of sports medicine indexed in the Web of Science database. Data were analyzed through Excel Software, and cooperation maps were drawn using VOSviewer Software. According to the findings, the ratio of citations to the articles on the scientific productions of sports medicine was 23.17, which is higher than the clinical medicine area (6.8). The ratio of citations to the authors was 5.46% and 52 articles (4.54%) of the articles appeared without citations. The average impact factor of journals publishing papers was 3.9. Most of the articles were published with the collaboration of five authors. The results of the present study, based on a selected model and a combination of indicators of the UK’s and Canadian Capital Return frameworks (from the production and development dimension), generally highlighted the validity and effectiveness of all indicators, including activity, quality, and development. The results revealed the most significant impact of the number and quality of each of the indicators in sports medicine in this area.

Cardiac Changes Related to COVID-19 in Athletes: A Brief Review.

Purpose of ReviewTo describe the cardiac changes related to COVID-19 in athletes, in addition to presenting the current recommendations for cardiac assessment and return to sport after COVID-19 infection.Recent FindingsThe current state of the art suggests that myocarditis and pericarditis are the main cardiac pathologies related to the COVID-19 infection in athletes even after recovery. The criteria for determining and evaluating cardiac conditions are still discussed, as well as what stage of infection do cardiomyopathies occur. Return to sport should be aligned with cardiovascular risk stratification.SummaryCardiac changes related to COVID-19 infection have drawn the attention in the sports medicine field, while some questions about the course of the disease and its relationship with physical performance in athletes are still under investigation. In addition, feasible assessment techniques for cardiac assessments should be explored in the future.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Use in Acute Tendon Injury: In Vitro Tenogenic Potential vs. In Vivo Dose Response.

Stem cell therapy for the treatment of tendon injury is an emerging clinical practice in the fields of human and veterinary sports medicine; however, the therapeutic benefit of intralesional transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells in tendonitis cases is not well designed. Questions persist regarding the overall tenogenic potential and efficacy of this treatment alone. In this study, we aimed to isolate a rat mesenchymal stem cell lineage for in vitro and in vivo use, to assess the effects of growth factor exposure in vitro on cell morphology, behavior, and tendon-associated glycoprotein production, and to assess the therapeutic potential of intralesional stem cells, as a function of dose, in vivo. First, rat adipose-derived (rAdMSC) and bone marrow-derived (rBMSC) stem cell lineages were isolated, characterized with flow cytometric analysis, and compared in terms of proliferation (MTS assay) and cellular viability (calcein AM staining). Rat AdMSCs displayed superior proliferation and more homogenous CD 73, CD 44H, and CD 90 expression as compared to rBMSC. Next, the tenogenic differentiation potential of the rAdMSC lineage was tested in vitro through isolated and combined stimulation with reported tenogenic growth factors, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). We found that the most effective tenogenic factor in terms of cellular morphologic change, cell alignment/orientation, sustained cellular viability, and tendon-associated glycoprotein upregulation was TGFβ3, and we confirmed that rAdMSC could be induced toward a tenogenic lineage in vitro. Finally, the therapeutic potential of rAdMSCs as a function of dose was assessed using a rat acute Achilles tendon injury model. Amounts of 5 × 105 (low dose) and 4 × 106 (high dose) were used. Subjectively, on the gross morphology, the rAdMSC-treated tendons exhibited fewer adhesions and less scar tissue than the control tendons; however, regardless of the rAdMSC dose, no significant differences in histological grade or tissue collagen I deposition were noted between the rAdMSC-treated and control tendons. Collectively, rAdMSCs exhibited appropriate stem cell markers and tenogenic potential in vitro, but the clinical efficacy of intralesional implantation of undifferentiated cells in acute tendonitis cases could not be proven. Further investigation into complementary therapeutics or specialized culture conditions prior to implantation are warranted.

Platelet-rich Plasma in the Management of Shoulder Disorders: Basic Science and Implications Beyond the Rotator Cuff.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous mixture produced by centrifugal separation of whole blood. Understanding the clinical efficacy of PRP remains a challenge in the field of sports medicine, including the treatment of various shoulder conditions. Animal studies have examined the biologic actions of PRP on the rotator cuff tendon and shoulder capsule. Human studies have reported the outcomes of PRP in the management of subacromial impingement syndrome, rotator cuff tears, frozen shoulder, and glenohumeral osteoarthritis. These studies highlight the role of PRP in the nonsurgical management of these conditions and its utilization in the perioperative setting to augment tissue healing and optimize the surgical outcomes. The role of PRP as an adjunct therapy in patients undergoing rotator cuff repair has been in the spotlight during the last decade; however, a limited number of studies have examined the role of PRP in the management of non-rotator cuff shoulder conditions. This article aims to provide an overview of the biologic actions of PRP on shoulder tissues and to summarize the outcomes of PRP injection in patients with rotator cuff and non-rotator cuff disease of the shoulder. We sought to organize the existing literature and to provide recommendations on the use of PRP in various shoulder conditions, based on the existing evidence.

Protective effect and mechanism of cannabidiol on myocardial injury in exhaustive exercise training mice

Cannabinoid diphenol (CBD) is a non-toxic main component extracted from cannabis, which has the effects of anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress. In recent years, exercise-induced myocardial injury has become a research hotspot in the field of sports medicine and sports physiology. Exercise-induced myocardial injury is closely related to oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis. However, there is no clear evidence of the relationship between CBD and exercise-induced myocardial injury. In this study, by establishing an animal model of exhaustive exercise training in mice, the protective effect of CBD on myocardial injury in mice was elaborated, and the possible molecular mechanism was discussed. After CBD intervention, the arrangement and rupture of myocardial fiber tissue and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration were reduced, the deposition of collagen fibers in myocardial tissue decreased. CBD can also significantly inhibit cardiac hypertrophy. Meanwhile, the expression of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, Bax, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, MDA-5, IRE-1α, NOX-2, SOD-1, Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, NF-κB and COX-2 was recovered to normal. In addition, after CBD intervention, the protein expression of Keap1 was down-regulated, the translocation of Nrf2 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus was significantly increased, then the transcriptional activity was increased, and the expression of the downstream HO-1 antioxidant protein was increased, indicating that CBD may improve the cardiac function of exhaustive exercise training mice by activating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Molecular docking results also confirmed that CBD had a good binding effect with Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway proteins. In conclusion, the protective mechanism of CBD on myocardial injury in exhaustive exercise training mice may be to activate Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, and then exert anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis and inhibition of oxidative stress.

Use of allogeneic freeze-dried conditioned serum for the prevention of degradation in cartilage exposed to IL-1ß

BackgroundAutologous conditioned serum (ACS) has been extensively used in the field of veterinary orthopaedics and sports medicine. Due to the autologous and blood-derived nature of this product, issues such as individual variability, need for storage at low temperatures and non-availability for immediate are frequently encountered for ACS use in the field. To address those issues, we proposed the evaluation of an off-the-shelf allogeneic freeze-dried version of conditioned serum in an in vitro model of osteoarthritis. In this study, we evaluated if origin (autologous and allogeneic) and preparation (frozen and freeze-dried) of conditioned serum could influence in its effect in an in vitro model.ResultsIL-1β stimulation in cartilage led to a significant increase in media GAG and decreased levels of GAG in cartilage explants at the termination of the experiment. No significant differences were noted in outcomes measured in the cartilage explants with respect to the main effects of treatment (frozen versus freeze-dried serum), autologous versus allogeneic preparations or based on serum concentration.ConclusionsThe study did not observe any substantial differences in the response of cartilage to allogeneic freeze-dried CS when compared to other independent parameters (autologous and frozen preparations). Further investigation using in vivo systems appears warranted.

Data Fusion Model for Muscle Proteomics in Sports Applications

Proteome is a cell, tissue, or organism to express all the floorboard of the protein; proteomics is the study of proteomics is an emerging discipline; the research on the law of occurrence of sports fatigue and its mechanism is an important and challenging subject in the field of sports medicine. Exercise-induced fatigue refers to the physiological process in which the body’s functional ability or work efficiency declines and cannot be maintained at a specific level during exercise. With the improvement of the modern competitive sports level and the increasingly fierce competition, the athletes have to bear more and more loads in sports training, and the probability of sports fatigue is also higher. Appropriate sports fatigue and reasonable recovery methods can promote the improvement of athletes’ functional level; on the contrary, excessive fatigue not only affects the training effect but may also cause various dysfunctions, which may damage the athletes’ health. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of sports fatigue is of positive significance for accelerating the elimination of sports fatigue. The purpose of this paper is to study the progress of muscle proteomics in sports. Since each athlete has individual differences, different levels of muscle function corresponding to the left lower limb will produce different EMG signals. Static experiments and random visual stimulation evaluation experiments were performed on the left lower limbs of athletes, and they were coordinated with the right lower limbs, and then the left and right lower limbs were compared with the same muscle-weighted RMS (Recipe Management System) and IEMG (Comprehensive electromyography). Experimental results show that using the statistical method of single-factor variance analysis to the same muscles in two states of RMS was analyzed, respectively, under the two states of differences between muscle electromyography IEMG were analyzed, finally, the muscle integral electrical values on the contribution rate of extent of each muscle under the two states are analyzed. For one-way ANOVA, this study defined the significance level of the difference analysis between groups as P < 0.05 . P < 0.05 is a small probability event, indicating that the possibility of an event occurring is very small, so it is considered that the event is unlikely to occur. A low-probability event is an event that has a low probability of occurring. Then, it is almost impossible to happen in one experiment, but it is bound to happen in many repeated experiments. With the continuous improvement of existing technologies and the emergence of more new technologies, proteomics research will make greater contributions to elucidate the mechanism of exercise on skeletal muscle remodeling and its improvement on health.

The Current Utilization of Patient-reported Outcome Measurement Information System in Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine.

Clinical research using patient-reported outcome measures has been critical within the field of shoulder, elbow, and sports medicine in helping clinicians deliver evidence-based and value-based medicine. Recently, however, clinicians have advocated for improving the process of obtaining clinically meaningful information from patients while decreasing survey fatigue and increasing compliance. To that end, the National Institutes of Health created the Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Information System (PROMIS) in which a number of institutions and research investigations have adopted for reporting outcomes. A special focus has also been placed on PROMIS Computer Adaptive Testing forms, which tailor questioning through item response theory. The purpose of this study was to provide insight into the utilization, advantages, and disadvantages of PROMIS within the field of shoulder, elbow, and sports medicine and provide a comparison with legacy patient-reported outcome measure measurements.

Injuries in College Basketball Sports Based on Machine Learning from the Perspective of the Integration of Sports and Medicine.

Basketball is one of the popular sports in colleges. Basketball injuries are a common thing, and the use of machine learning and other technologies can effectively reduce basketball injuries, which should start with prevention. Nonstandard basketball movements and lack of physical coordination will not only reduce sports efficiency for athletes but also increase the probability of injury. Therefore, effective reduction and targeted prevention of nonstandard actions are of great significance to college basketball. With the development of science and technology, artificial intelligence technology is closer to our lives. Based on the machine learning platform, this paper studies basketball injuries from the perspective of the integration of sports and medicine. Research on what aspects cause college students' basketball injuries is needed for the future. Effectively preventing college students from being injured in basketball is an urgent problem in the field of sports medicine. To find the most suitable machine learning platform for college basketball injury research, this article will introduce three different methods for comparative analysis. The techniques used in the experiment in this paper are traditional BP neural network technology, SCG neural network technology, and RBF neural network technology. Through experiments, it is known that, through experiments, RBF neural network technical prediction accuracy rate is as high as 95.4%, which is a relatively good neural network algorithm for studying the basketball loss of college students.

Research in the Field of Exercise and Metabolomics: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis.

The aim of this article was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of global research trends in the field of exercise and metabolomics between 2005 and 2020. Systematic articles were obtained from the literature in the Web of Science core collection database from 2005 to 2020. The relationship between the number of publications, citations, countries, journals, authors, and the evolution of research hotspots was analyzed. A total of 807 studies were included in the analysis. From 2005 to 2020, the number of citations and the number of published articles showed an upward trend. Keyword co-occurrence indicates that research hotspots are focused on exercise, physical activity, metabolomics, obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Keyword clustering indicates that the research frontier is focused on the field of sports medicine, which includes molecular-level studies of exercise interventions in disease and studies of the physiological mechanisms by which exercise alters the body. Overall, this trinity of models, combining chronic disease with exercise interventions and molecular-level studies of metabolomics, has become the forefront of research in the field. This historical review of the field of exercise and metabolomics will further provide a useful basis for hot issues and future development trends.

Cardiodiagnostic sex-specific differences of the female athlete in sports cardiology

The cardiovascular care of highly active individuals and competitive athletes has developed into an important focus within the field of sports medicine. An evolving understanding of exercise-induced cardiovascular remodeling in athletes has led to a more robust characterization of physiologic adaptation versus pathological dysfunction, but this distinction is often challenging due to diagnostic commonalities. Current data reflects sporting-focused analyses of mainly male athletes, which may not be easily applicable to the female athletic heart. Increasingly female-specific cardiac dimensional and physiologic data are starting to emerge from comparative studies that may be utilized to address this growing need, and further guide individualized care. Here, we review current literature evaluating female-specific cardiovascular adaptations of the athletic heart, and formulate a discussion on cardiac remodeling, cardiodiagnostic findings, etiologic mechanisms, limitations of currently available data, and direction for future research in the cardiovascular care of female athletes.

Decellularized Three‐Dimensional Biomimetic Scaffolds as In Vitro Model For Tendon And Meniscus Regeneration

Traumatic and degenerative injuries to the meniscus and tendon still pose challenges to treatments available in the fields of orthopedics and sports medicine. In search of more effective therapeutic procedures based on biological strategy, regenerative medicine advances like medical science carrying‐out preclinical and clinical research necessary for establishing therapeutic efficacy and safety. This research aimed to establish the new concept of three‐dimensional decellularized biomimetic scaffolds as in vitro models to investigate the tendon and meniscus regenerative medicine approaches. For this purpose, the menisci of the swine's knee and the tendons of the deep flexor muscles of the bovine's fingers were resected, cleaned, fragmented and frozen (‐20°C) for 48 hours. After this, the fragments were thawed and decellularized by immersion in sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.5%) and Triton‐X100 (1%) solution for 72 hours. To faithfully simulate a degenerative injury, 0.05 mL of collagenase type‐1 (1mg.mL‐1/37°C/1hour) was injected into the central region of the meniscal samples. To simulate the traumatic injury, incisions were made on the surface of the samples with a scalpel. The fragments were washed in running water (3 days), immersed in formaldehyde (4%), washed again, stored in ethanol (70%), frozen (‐30°C), and submitted to the lyophilization process or embedding in paraffin for histological procedures. For microscopic characterization of tissue and injury sites, histological sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) or Picrosirius and analyzed under a light microscope with a polarization filter. The results, based on qualitative analysis, demonstrate the preservation of macroscopic and microscopic architecture of the scaffold matrix, the efficacy of the decellularization procedure, and the accuracy in creating the traumatic and degenerative sites of injury. These results allow us to conclude the success of this research in establishing the concept of decellularized three‐dimensional scaffolds as a new biomimetic models applicable for in vitro assays evolving regeneration of traumatic and degenerative injuries of tendons and menisci, contributing to the advancement of preclinical research on regenerative medicine approaches.

Physical activity and exercise recommendations for people receiving dialysis: A scoping review.

Remaining physically active is important to patients undertaking dialysis, however, clinical recommendations regarding exercise type, timing, intensity, and safety precautions vary. The purpose of this scoping review was to analyse and summarise recommendations for physical activity and exercise for people undertaking dialysis and identify areas that require further research or clarification. A scoping review of literature from five bibliographic databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) was conducted. Eligible articles included consensus guidelines, position statements, reviews, or clinical practice guidelines that included specific physical activity and exercise recommendations for people undertaking dialysis. Key search terms included "kidney disease" OR "kidney failure" OR "chronic kidney disease" OR "end stage kidney disease" AND guideline* OR consensus OR "position statement" OR prescription OR statement AND exercise OR "physical activity". Hand searching for relevant articles in all first twenty quartile 1 journals listed on SCImago under 'medicine-nephrology' and 'physical therapy, sports therapy and rehabilitation' using the terms 'exercise and dialysis' was undertaken. Finally, home pages of key societies and professional organisations in the field of sports medicine and nephrology were searched. The systematic search strategy identified 19 articles met the inclusion criteria. Two were specific to pediatric dialysis and three to peritoneal dialysis. Whilst many publications provided recommendations on aerobic exercise, progressive resistance training and flexibility, few provided explicit guidance. Recommendations for the intensity, duration and frequency of aerobic and resistance training varied. Discrepancies or gaps in guidance about precautions, contraindications, termination criteria, progression, and access site precautions were also apparent. Future guidelines should include specific guidance regarding physical activity, safety precautions, and timing and intensity of exercise for individuals who undertake dialysis. Collaborative multidisciplinary guideline development and appropriate exercise counselling may lead to increased participation in physical activity and exercise and facilitate better patient outcomes.

Analysis of the Effect of Branched Chain Amino Acids on Muscle Health Information of Swimmers Based on Multisensor Fusion and Deep Learning.

Swimmers must fully mobilize the muscles of the whole body during exercise, and it is necessary to study the protection of swimmers from muscle damage. Now, muscle damage is increasing year by year, and more athletes are affected. Therefore, studying the causes of muscle injuries and exploring more effective treatments have become important research topics in the field of sports medicine. This study is mainly based on deep learning to analyze the protective effect of branched-chain amino acids on swimming athletes' muscle injury. Due to the complex and changeable environment and the interference of unknown factors, a single sensor cannot meet the needs of obtaining information. Therefore, people have developed the technology of multisensor information fusion to obtain enough information. Multisensor data fusion technology can synthesize the information of each sensor and then obtain more comprehensive and accurate decision-making information. This study is mainly based on multisensor fusion and deep learning to analyze the impact of branched chain amino acids on Swimmers' muscle health information. Finally, two experiments were designed in this article. The first experimental result showed that the pain level of the experimental group who took BCAA supplements was 19% lower than that of the control group that did not take the BCAA supplement within three days after exercise. The results of the second experiment show the following: after exercise, the creatine kinase activity value of the experimental group taking BCAA supplement was 4.38 ± 1.45, and the creatine kinase activity value of the control group taking placebo was 5.42 ± 2.12. It proves that BBCA can protect muscle damage by reducing the activity of creatine kinase.

Increasing patient-reported allergies are not associated with pain, functional outcomes, or satisfaction following medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction: a retrospective comparative cohort study

BackgroundPatient-reported allergies (PRAs) are often stigmatized as a potential nonmodifiable risk factor for increased pain and worse functional outcomes following surgery. However, there is a dearth of literature directly assessing the impact of PRAs on outcomes in sport surgeries such as medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR). The purpose of our study was to determine whether PRAs were associated with worse outcomes following MPFLR.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent MPFLR at our institution from 2011 to 2019. Patients were included if they had at least 12 months of follow-up. PRAs were obtained from preoperative medical assessments and categorized by drug class. Demographic and perioperative data were obtained from electronic medical records. Postoperative outcomes were measured using a telephone survey and included recurrent instability, Visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, VAS for sports, Kujala score, MPFL-Return to Sport after Injury (MPFL-RSI) score, and overall satisfaction score. Multiple linear regression was used to determine association between PRAs and outcome measures, and p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.ResultsThe cohort included 141 MPFLR. Most patients were female (98, 70%) with an average age of 25 years (range 12–56 years). Average follow-up time was 47 months. Forty-seven patients (33%) reported at least one PRA. There were no significant differences in postoperative pain, functional outcomes, satisfaction, or return to sport between patients with or without PRAs (all p > 0.05). Absence of antibiotic PRAs was predictive of higher VAS (p < 0.007), but there were no other differences. There were no significant differences in outcomes between patients without PRAs, PRAs without a concomitant psychiatric disorder, or PRAs with a concomitant psychiatric disorder (all p > 0.05).ConclusionsIn conclusion, PRAs with or without concomitant psychiatric diagnoses are not associated with worse postoperative pain, functional outcomes, or satisfaction following MPFLR with allograft, dispelling common misconceptions that increased number of allergies or psychiatric diagnoses lead to inferior surgical outcomes. Presence of antibiotic allergies was associated with lower VAS postoperative pain score. Future research should investigate the relationship between PRAs and other surgeries in the field of sports medicine.