Use In Field Research Articles

TWO-COLOR COMPENSATIVE THERMOMETRY WITH CORRECTED ADJUSTMENT USING NONLINEARITY EQUATION OF EMISSIVITY SPECTRAL DISTRIBUTION

The article is directed on metrological characteristics increase and extension of the optical thermometry field of use, including two-color compensative thermometry with a priori averaged adjustment. The investigations have been performed for the tungsten. This metal studied in thermometry and metal optics has tabulated quantitative estimations of emissivity which are similar to the most widespread in metallurgy iron-carbon alloys. To increase the reliability and extend the field of use of obtained results, approximated and linearized spectral distributions of tungsten, as well as their mirror representations with decreasing and increasing, convex, linear, and concave distributions of emissivity have been researched. The influence of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the spectral distributions of emissivity on their nonlinearity coefficient has been studied. The equation of nonlinearity has been obtained. This equation connects the nonlinearity coefficient at the middle wave with the emissivity value at one of the boundary waves through the measured one-color radiation temperatures at 3 operating waves. With a priori knew quantitative estimates of the nonlinearity coefficient at the middle wave and measured onecolor radiation temperatures, the obtained equation can be used for the calculation of emissivity values at the boundary waves. For example, in the linear spectral distributions of emissivity, the nonlinearity coefficient is equal to 0. The number of solutions for linear distributions of emissivity varies from 1 to 2, and for nonlinear – from 1 to 3. The influence of measurement errors of one-color radiation temperatures at operating waves on the errors of emissivity determination by nonlinearity equation is established. The metrological advantages of two-color compensative thermometry using the emissivity values, corrected by the nonlinearity equation, are proved. It was found, that at the nonselective distribution of measurement errors of one-color radiation temperatures, measurement errors of the object temperature for two-color compensative, spectral ratio, and energy thermometry are insignificant for technical measurements. Under conditions of selective distribution of measurement errors of one-color radiation temperatures, these errors respectively are 0.04-0.25 %; 1.66-9.30 %; 0.18-0.34 %. For nonlinear emissivity spectral distributions, real for tungsten and iron-carbon alloys, the methodical component due to the nonlinearity doesn’t exceed 0.48 %, which is also acceptable for technical measurements. The method has been developed for practically acceptable conditions of primary pyrometric information obtaining.

Design, simulation and optimization of all-optical NOT/XOR logic gates for use in the new photonic crystal 4×2 encoder

In this paper, in a unique work, the structure of NOT / XOR multifunctional all-optical logic gates is provided using interference effects in 2D photonic crystal structures for use in photonic integrated circuits of next generation. The applicability of the structure has been analyzed by modifying the output waveguide to optimize it and finally examining its performance by placing several structures together for using in optical integrated circuits. In both basic and optimized structures, the contrast ratio, response time, and data transfer rate were measured 36 dB, 0.176 ps and 5.68 Tbit/s, respectively. Appropriate output results along the very small size of about 75.78 µm2, these circuits make the logic very proper for use in optical integrated circuits. For this purpose, in a more complete work, an all-optimal 4×2 Encoder has been designed using optimized structure. In this structure, the contrast ratio is about 13.2 dB, the response time is 0.168 ps and the data transfer rate is 6 Tbit/s. The results of this NOT/XOR basic and optimized all-optical logic gate structure as well as 4×2 Encoder indicate the high flexibility and applicability of these designs for use in structures in this field for use in optical integrated circuits. In this paper, the Plane Wave Expansion method is used to obtain and analyze the photonic band gap range and the Finite-difference time-domain is used to analyze and simulate the designed structures.

Rituximab induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) reversed with plasmapheresis: case report

Rituximab is a chimeric Anti-CD20 anti-body initially used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin´s B-cell lymphoma. Currently, the field of use has become wider, despite the results in terms of therapeutic efficiency, rituximab has been implicated in numerous adverse events, we´re here to report the case of a female patient with post-viral C cryoglobulinemia who developed ARDS following rituximab infusion. A 69-year-old female patient was admitted to the intensive care unit for respiratory distress. In her antecedents we find a viral hepatitis C treated 10 years ago complicated by cryoglobulinemia, put on anti-CD20, which last cure was 5 days before her admission to the hospital. The patient developed ARDS in the aftermath of her hospitalization where the causality was linked to the Rituximab cure after eliminating the other causes, the patient was treated with different levels of treatment including plasmapheresis, which showed encouraging results, however unfortunately this was not enough to save the patient. Considering the rarity of this clinical picture and consequently the therapeutic approaches, plasmapheresis probably appears an important pillar in the therapeutic arsenal of this entity.

Subjects of administrative and legal relations in the field of use of alternative energy sources in Ukraine

Subjects of administrative and legal relations in the field of use of alternative energy sources in Ukraine

Aspects regarding the specific tests applicable to electric motors with type of protection increased safety „e”

Evaluation of explosion-proof protected electrical equipment in scope of certification is extremely important considering the risk of explosion that has to be minimized in order to ensure life safety and health of workers and to prevent damaging of property and the environment, as well as free movement of goods when they meet the essential safety requirements at European level. Most of the equipment operating in potentially explosive atmospheres is represented by electric motors, which in most situations act on various other elements (e.g. pumps, valves, fans etc.). Even if electric motors for explosive atmospheres are designed and manufactured following some of the same principles as the ones used for other electric machinery, they have certain particularities related to their field of use. Thus, a series of specific restrictions and tests are required to be considered in their case. The purpose of this paper is to present the importance of the specific tests for electric motors with type of protection increased safety „e” designed to be used in explosive atmosphere.

Scattering by Perfectly Conducting Cylindrical Targets Hidden Below a Multilayered Medium

An approach to solve the scattered field by perfectly conducting cylinders with circular cross-section, placed below a multilayered medium, under illumination by a line source, is presented. In principle, the interaction of the field scattered by the targets with the multilayer above leads to an infinite number of scattered fields, excited as multiple reflections in each layer by the interfaces. Nevertheless, the developed theoretical formulation is a very compact one, as only two scattered-field contributions are used in each layer, a down-propagating term, described as scattered-reflected field, and an up-propagating one relevant to the scattered-transmitted field. Suitable basis functions, i.e., cylindrical waves expressed through plane-wave spectra, are employed, which are defined through reflection and transmission coefficients of a multilayered medium. As shown in the numerical implementation, the method can be applied to the modeling of several radar problems of targets in complex environments. For example, the technique can be employed to model buried cylinders in geophysical scenarios, in Ground Penetrating Radar applications. The modeling of scattered field by hidden targets in Through-the-Wall radar surveys is another possible field of use. The multilayer may, indeed, model a stratified masonry, but also a room hiding a target in a buildings’ interior.

Legal Liability for Violation of Romania’s Legislation Regarding the Protection of Historical Monuments, an Integral Part of the National Cultural Heritage

The loss of cultural property is irreparable and irreversible. Any disappearance of cultural heritage will inevitably affect all areas of the life of present and future generations will lead to spiritual impoverishment, ruptures in historical memory, and the ruin of society as a whole. They cannot be compensated either by the development of modern culture or by the creation of significant new works. The accumulation and preservation of cultural values is the basis for the development of civilization. The research topic is the analysis of Romanian legislation, which provides responsibility for the destruction or damage of history and culture monuments; the practice of applying these rules in the field of use and protection of monuments of history and culture; trends and ways of developing the legislation in this field; lastly, the problems of improving the criminal and contravention legislation on this subject. There are a series of norms of criminalization of some antisocial behaviors in the field of protection of the immovable national cultural heritage in the legislation in force. Thus, the central objective of this study is to systematically present the rules that correspond to this description.

Classification of Virtualization Processes of Socio-Economic Systems

The urgency of the work is justified by the acceleration of digitalization in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, the adaptation of society to the conditions of remote living. During virtual meetings and conferences, distance education, online business, the direction of VR technology has developed rapidly. The role of VR in the visualization of commercial and creative development is growing rapidly, leading giants are more likely to use virtual reality technology to attract attention to their product The article examines and classifies the structure of VR technologies in the modern world, in particular, analyzes the impact on cultural development, learning and health, through the creation of new hardware and software in the direction of the research topic. Innovative approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of certain human diseases, the process of training and honing skills by doctors using the latest equipment with augmented reality technologies are described. The classification features of the use of VR technologies by field of use, source, methods of use in business and the effects obtained are analyzed and systematized. The development of virtualization in the field of business in recent years has been demonstrated, and the use of VR technologies to increase company profits has been studied. Thanks to VR in visualizing the commercial strategy of the clothing brand, it was possible to improve the number of orders by changing the concept of fashion shows, namely by removing models for clothing, which allowed us to focus only on the product. The calculation of financial costs when using VR for business in comparison with usual methods of marketing is resulted, the influence of innovative visualization technologies on increase of profit of companies is investigated. The impact of technology on economic, technological and social areas in the fields of business, entertainment, healthcare, art, education and military-industrial complex is described.

중국어 신어의 단어 형성과 사회․문화적 특징: 2017·2018년 신어를 중심으로

This study examined the word formation of Chinese neologisms in 2017 and 2018 and examined the social and cultural aspects of China reflected in these neologisms. First, through statistical analysis, the characteristics of Chinese neologisms’ etymology(어원), unit and word class, and the coined word method were examined. It can be seen that in Chinese neologisms, neologisms composed of Chinese(한어) made up the absolute majority of over 90%, and phrase units were the most. By statistically analyzing the field of use of Chinese neologisms, it was found that Chinese neologisms were the most generated in the economic field and showed an upward trend between 2017 and 2018. This paper is significant in that it analyzed the morphological, social and cultural characteristics of Chinese neologisms more closely based on statistical analysis. This thesis is expected to contribute in many areas such as Chinese language education and the field of sociolinguistics.

Changeability, Variability, and Malleability: Sharing Perspectives on the Role of Change in Time-based Art and Utilitarian Machinery Conservation

ABSTRACT This paper explores concepts of changeability, variability, and malleability in the different heritage genres of time-based artworks and utilitarian machinery. Case studies bring to the surface differences in understandings, norms, and boundaries, but also demonstrate similarities between the two areas of practice, showing that they can be viewed as poles of practice within a shared field of theory and practice rather than as separate and unrelated endeavours. The key issues for all communities caring for changeable objects are how to preserve the intangible sensory, cultural, and immersive experiences created by change, and how the practical actions required to maintain this intangible heritage interact with concepts of authenticity, performativity, and intention. This paper explores how these relationships evolve as time and contexts change, and how best practice in the conservation of changeable objects must acknowledge and manage the tension between the activation that preserves intangible, embodied experience, and the static maintenance that preserves the tangible components of an object with minimal physical change. Viewing objects through the lens of change opens the door to the development of a new field of conservation expertise, one focused on the challenges and opportunities presented by an object’s changeable qualities rather than by its original field of use. A lens of change has the capacity to draw together not only those working with time-based artworks and utilitarian machinery but also other communities of people caring for and activating changeable objects, such as horologists, roboticists, musicians, car enthusiasts, people activating historic costumes, and people managing still-active historic utilities such as water and transport infrastructure.

Development of digital competencies and skills in the field of use of cloud services and electronic communication

The permanent positioning of information and communication technologies in organizations and economic entities at present time as part of various basic and auxiliary business processes, determines the crucial importance of digital skills and competencies of executive and management personnel at all levels. As a result of the natural processes of development of the e-business system, including the migration of traditional business processes to their electronic analogues and the growing importance of electronic information assets, organizations and economic entities must pay increasing attention to the skills of their employees in the field of knowledge and application of contemporary information and communication technologies. This process should be related not only to the requirements in the selection of personnel members, but also to additional or follow-up training, both in connection with the development of the e-business system of the organization and maintaining a high level of aware- ness of various aspects of information and communication technologies. The problems with their misapplication or misuse can lead to leaks of critical business data, financial losses, outflow of users or loss of competitive advantages. In the recent years, opportunities for remote work of employees (home office, business trip, work from a branch office, etc.) are becoming more widespread, especially important in circumstances of epidemics. The present paper examines the current state of the required digital skills and competencies related to the application of remote working methods, work in the cloud environment and the relationship between education and business, as well as specific results related to surveys of different groups of consumers as part of the labor market. .Specific problems related to information security have been studied, which must be taken into account in connection with the suc- cessful and most seamless integration of these technologies in the e-business system of organizations and economic entities and in the formation of requirements for the members of the personnel.

RETRACTED: Computer aided fencing sports wearable equipment based on FPGA microprocessor and sensors

The current pattern in the advancement of sensor frameworks looks for approaches to give more precision and goal, while simultaneously diminishing the size and force utilization. The utilization of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) gives explicit reprogrammable equipment innovation that can be appropriately abused to acquire a reconfigurable sensor framework. This variation ability empowers the execution of complex applications utilizing the fractional configurability at a low-power utilization. For profoundly requesting undertakings FPGAs have been supported because of the high proficiency gave by their design adaptability (parallelism, on-chip memory, and so forth), configurability and amazing execution in the advancement of calculations. FPGAs have improved the presentation of sensor frameworks and have set off an away from in their utilization in new fields of use. Another age of more astute, reconfigurable and lower power utilization sensors is being created in Spain dependent on FPGAs. These improvements is introduced, portraying also the FPGA innovations utilized by the distinctive exploration gatherings and giving a review of future examination inside this field. It depends on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) gadget. On account of this the equipment is entirely adaptable and gives the stage one of a kind open doors for exploration of a wide scope of models, applications and sign handling calculations. The stage has been named wearable games equipment's, for–Attached Sensor Platform.

An internet-of-things system based on powerline technology for pulse oximetry measurements

<p class="Abstract">Internet-of-things (IoT) systems, covering any type of application, are becoming increasingly important. The most important network infrastructure used for the development of IoT applications is the Wi-Fi network, as it is widespread and provides greater freedom during installation. There are cases where the cost of building the Wi-Fi infrastructure or the specific field of use do not justify the adoption of this network standard. The following study proposes the use of the powerline network as an alternative to Wi-Fi for the realisation of IoT systems. An IoT system for the monitoring of pulse oximeter values in a hospital setting will be described and discussed. The novelty of the proposed system is the adoption of powerline communication for the medical environment</p>

Dynamic response of aluminium sheet 2024-T3 subjected to close-range shock wave: experimental and numerical studies

This present study investigates experimentally and numerically the behaviour of 1 mm thick aluminium 2024-T3 alloy sheets from near field shock waves. A comparison and examination are undertaken with respect to global deformation and plastic damage formation from two different stand-off distances of 4 mm and 50 mm that were exposed to a constant charged mass. A 4-cable instrumented pendulum blast set-up was used to carry out and monitor the blast test. The results of the blast test were subsequently used to simulate the pressure history for different stand-off distances. The simulation involved implementing a user subroutine in ABAQUS/Explicit solver to model non-uniform pressure fields for use in finite element simulation. The results provided a strong alignment of the numerical method when compared with the experimental data. The main outcome of this study is to show the significant effect of the changing damage from highly localised perforation to global deformation when the stand-off distance is changed from 4 mm to 50 mm.

Autonomous Chemotactic Light‐Emitting Swimmers with Trajectories of Increasing Complexity

Miniaturized autonomous swimmers have become more and more important in many areas of research due to various fields of use, ranging from biomedical to environmental tasks. Precise and predictable control of their trajectories is a key ingredient for increasing their application potential. This can be typically achieved by using external forces such as magnetic or electric fields. An interesting alternative is to use intrinsic features of the swimmers, which allow them to exhibit chemotaxis. Such a built‐in “intelligence” enables more complex trajectories, relying on mechanisms that can be considered very basic analogs of decision‐making processes. Herein, autonomous light‐emitting chemoelectronic swimmers are presented that are able to navigate along trajectories with increasing complexity. Their decision‐making capacities are characterized by recording the light emitted along their path by a fully integrated light‐emitting diode. Chemotaxis is found to be the main driving force behind their behavior, allowing envisioning such systems for solving complex maze patterns.

Patenting antibody combination therapies.

There is emerging, intense interest in antibody combination therapies. However, antibody combination therapies pose unique intellectual property challenges. In some instances, it may be difficult to obtain patents with claims that provide innovators with adequate protection for such inventions. Patent examiners often regard claims to a composition or use of an antibody in combination with another therapeutic agent as obvious if the individual components of the combination were both known and well-studied in the field for use in treating similar indications. Nevertheless, even if the individual components of a combination were known and generally effective, the combination therapy may not be obvious if there would not have been a motivation to specifically combine the individual components or if there was no reasonable expectation of success in combining the components. Antibody combination therapies may also offer fertile grounds for demonstrating objective evidence of nonobviousness for a particular combination, such as through unexpected results, if a sufficient nexus can be established across the scope of the claims and if the superior results constitute a significant improvement.

Determination of parameters affecting aerodynamic performance in S833 airfoil

This study presents the investigation of the factors affecting the performance of the airfoil, which is supposed to be used in a low power wind turbine. Airfoil surface roughness, angle of attack and wind speed parameters and interactions between these parameters affect performance. The conditions that the airfoil will be exposed to in the field of use can be modeled in the wind tunnel beforehand, and its performance in working conditions can be predicted. For this purpose, the airfoil model prepared using a three-dimensional printer can be tested in the wind tunnel, and the most effective parameter on performance can be determined. With the factorial design method used differently from the literature, performance analysis can be performed without the need for long mathematical calculations and analyzes. As a result, the most effective parameter on the performance is found as the surface roughness from the experimental design model created according to the selected factor levels. The second important parameter is the angle of attack-surface roughness binary factor interaction.

The Importance of Respiratory Rate Monitoring: From Healthcare to Sport and Exercise.

Respiratory rate is a fundamental vital sign that is sensitive to different pathological conditions (e.g., adverse cardiac events, pneumonia, and clinical deterioration) and stressors, including emotional stress, cognitive load, heat, cold, physical effort, and exercise-induced fatigue. The sensitivity of respiratory rate to these conditions is superior compared to that of most of the other vital signs, and the abundance of suitable technological solutions measuring respiratory rate has important implications for healthcare, occupational settings, and sport. However, respiratory rate is still too often not routinely monitored in these fields of use. This review presents a multidisciplinary approach to respiratory monitoring, with the aim to improve the development and efficacy of respiratory monitoring services. We have identified thirteen monitoring goals where the use of the respiratory rate is invaluable, and for each of them we have described suitable sensors and techniques to monitor respiratory rate in specific measurement scenarios. We have also provided a physiological rationale corroborating the importance of respiratory rate monitoring and an original multidisciplinary framework for the development of respiratory monitoring services. This review is expected to advance the field of respiratory monitoring and favor synergies between different disciplines to accomplish this goal.

SCREENING OF BEST ARSENIC TOLERANT RICE VARITY FOR ECOLOGICAL SECURITY AND SOCIO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTOFRICE GROWERSIN ARSENIC AFFECTED AREA

The effect of arsenic causes inhibition of seed germination decrease in plant height reduction in root growth, leaf area and photosynthesis and low grain yield.Arsenic and its compounds are known to have adverse health effects on humans, including cancers of the skin, bladder, kidney & lung, and diseases of the blood vessels of the legs and feet and diabetes. Atoms of arsenic bond with other elements forms molecules — if carbon is one of these elements, then the arsenic compound is an organic compound. The toxicity of arsenic is more in inorganic arsenicwhich is a known human carcinogen — organic and inorganic together are referred to as total arsenic. Inorganic Arsenate, Arsenate in ground water have caused tremendous epidemic poisoning across the globe. The persistence of heavy metals in the environment may pollute or contaminate soils and aqueous streams. Rice is cultivated an aerobically, rather than aerobically which leads to much greater arsenic mobilization.High soil arsenic caused by the reduction of phosphate and arsenate uptake through phosphate transporter. The goal of my work is to find method of reduction of arsenic content in rice. Rice is an important staple food for more than 3.5 billion people whodepend upon rice for more than 20 of their daily calories. It is cultivated over an area of 146 million hectares, which produces 474 million tons annually. Rice farming is the largest single use of land for food. India ranks number one globally in area 44 m ha under rice cultivation with 106 mt. production that stands next to China in total production. Our farmers are less aware in the field of use of rice variety specially arsenic tolerant. Although scientist have developed many good varieties of Rice but the information is either not reached to them or seeds are not available to the farmers so that the old variety they use may be not very nutritional, disease resistant and Arsenic tolerant.Instead of making people healthy they may be more effected by arsenic which causes dangerous diseases. Rice growers still face the challenge of meeting food and ecological security and raising standard of living of their families. To sustain even the present level of per capita availability of rice, we have to add another 70-80 million tones by 2050. This can be achieved by adopting long term strategy of crop productivity improvement,Arsenic and diseases resistant variety along with best growth management practice. I have taken this project on Quality and Quantity of Rice production for ecological security and socio economic development of Rice growers and rural people by use of correct suitable variety.

Identification of influence factors on physical-mechanical properties, using the principal component analysis, in selecting the textile fabrics for the clothing products

The paper aims to highlight the correlations between the physical-mechanical properties of woven fabrics made of combed wool yarn with different fibrous compositions, using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. Based on the information on each fabric/assortment group, it is found that four main factors were extracted: durability, comfort, production price and fabric design. The extracted components explain 92% of the variability of the twelve initial inter-correlated variables, so that we can considerably reduce the complexity of the data configured using these components, with only 8% loss of information. This technique that follows the controlled reduction of the number of variables can be used subsequently for modelling the physical-mechanical properties of the fabrics and for selecting the most suitable fabrics to satisfy the requirements of a particular field of use