Tennis Field Research Articles

A CONFIGURAÇÃO DO TÊNIS DE CAMPO INFANTO JUVENIL BRASILEIRO: PRIMEIRAS DESCRIÇÕES

O objetivo do presente estudo é de obter informações detalhadas sobre o Tênis de campo brasileiro. A pesquisa se caracterizou como descritiva utilizando os dados do site da Confederação Brasileira de Tênis (CBT), no ano de 2013, nas categorias de 12, 14, 16 e 18 anos de ambos os sexos. Foram selecionados os 200 primeiros colocados da categoria masculina e todas as atletas femininas de cada faixa etária, que variaram entre 111 e 162 atletas, totalizando 1.341 dados catalogados. Verificou-se que o Tênis de Campo se encontra basicamente em ambientes esportivos institucionalizados, principalmente em clubes. A título de conclusão o estudo aponta que o Tênis de Campo no Brasil acaba por reproduzir a lógica do campo esportivo no que se refere à distribuição por sexo. Existe também uma proximidade entre as esferas econômica e esportiva, pois atletas que se concentram nas regiões Sudeste e Sul têm uma maior probabilidade de desenvolvimento na modalidade.

Relationship between sports experience and executive function in 6-12-year-old children: independence from physical fitness and moderation by gender.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sports experience (i.e., tennis experience) and executive function in children while controlling for physical activity and physical fitness. Sixty-eight participants (6-12years old, 34 males and 34 females) were enrolled in regular tennis lessons (mean=2.4years, range=0.1-7.3years) prior to the study. Executive functions, including inhibitory control (the Stroop Color-Word Test), working memory (the 2-back Task), and cognitive flexibility (the Local-global Task) were evaluated. Participants' levels of daily physical activity, ranging from moderate to vigorous, were evaluated using triaxial accelerometers. The total score for physical fitness was assessed using the Tennis Field Test. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed interaction effects between gender and tennis experience on participants' reaction time (RT) on the switch cost of the Local-global Task after controlling for age, BMI, gender, physical activity, physical fitness, and tennis experience. Longer tennis experience was associated with shorter switch cost in males but not in females. Higher scores on physical fitness were positively associated with lower interference scores on the Stroop Color-Word Test, RT on the 2-back Task, and RT in the switching condition of the Local-global Task, after controlling for age, BMI, gender, and physical activity. In conclusion, all three foundational components of executive function (i.e., inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) were more strongly related to physical fitness than to physical activity in males and females, whereas greater cognitive flexibility was related to tennis experience only in the males.

Analytic and descriptive approaches to systematic match analysis in table tennis

In the field of table tennis, there are a variety of approaches for systematic match analysis, as well as various ways to categorize these approaches. In this review article, first, diverse forms of game analysis in table tennis, and—as far as methodologically reasonable—in other fields of racket sport and team sport are collected and illustrated. In addition, the logic of categorizing approaches for table tennis-specific game analysis is outlined. On the background of the literature review, it is stated that descriptive and analytic research instruments to investigate table tennis matches can serve applied as well as basic scientific intentions. Furthermore, the current situation in Germany with respect to the tactical analysis in table tennis is multifariously discussed, including hints for the future development of systematic match analysis in this particular sport. It is concluded that it could be fruitful to interlink already existing academic and service institutions dealing with tactical analysis in table tennis. Finally, the potential urgency to include systematic game analysis into the education of table tennis coaches is emphasized.

Improved executive functions in 6–12-year-old children following cognitively engaging tennis lessons

ABSTRACTThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationships between cognitively engaging exercise (i.e., game-based and coordination exercises), executive functions (i.e., inhibitory control and working memory), and physical fitness. Forty junior tennis players (6–12 years old), who regularly participated in tennis lessons (2.55 years, SD = 1.61) prior to the study, were investigated. All participants completed evaluations of executive functions (inhibitory control and working memory) at rest. The duration of each lessons’ instructional activities, including coordination training, game-based exercise, rallying, and non-physical activity (explanations and breaks), was recorded. Physical fitness was evaluated using the Tennis Field Test. A longer duration of game-based exercise was positively correlated with inhibitory control and physical fitness. Coordination training was associated with improved working memory. Non-physical activity was inversely correlated with inhibitory control, working memory, and physical fitness. The results suggest that game-based tennis lessons have beneficial effects on inhibitory control and physical fitness levels, and a longer duration of coordination training is associated with better working memory. The present study indicates that shortened non-physical activity time within a sports setting is associated with the development of executive functions and physical fitness.

Relationship Between Tennis Experience and Executive Function in Male Children, Independent of Physical Fitness Level

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between tennis experience and executive function in children while controlling for physical activity and physical fitness. METHODS: Sixty-eight children (6-12 years, 34 males and 34 females) were studied. The subjects had participated in regular tennis lessons (mean = 2.39 years, range: 0.14-7.33 yr) prior to the study. Evaluations of executive functions, consisting of inhibitory control (Stroop Color-Word Test), working memory (2-Back Task), and cognitive flexibility (Local-global Task) were performed. The level of daily physical activity varying from moderate to vigorous was evaluated by the use of triaxial accelerometers. The total score for physical fitness was assessed by the Tennis Field Test. RESULTS: Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed the effect of interactions between sex and tennis experience on the reaction time (RT) of switch condition and switch cost of Local-global Task after controlling for age, BMI, sex, physical activity, physical fitness, and tennis experience (RT of switch condition: β = -71.74, R2 = 0.06, p < 0.05, switch cost: β = -68.12, R2 = 0.14, p < 0.01). Longer total years of tennis experience were associated with better cognitive flexibility in only males with no such relationship observed in females. Greater total scores of physical fitness were positively associated with shorter interference scores for the Stroop Color-Word Test and RT of switch condition in the Local-global Task after controlling for age, BMI, sex (interference score: β = -68.37, R2 = 0.12, p < 0.05, RT of switch condition: β = -89.20, R2 = 0.07, p < 0.05). No relationship was found between physical fitness, physical activity, tennis experience and 2-Back Task performance. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides an evidence suggesting that, as compared to working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility are influenced by physical exercise to a greater extent, and further demonstrate a higher development of cognitive flexibility for boys related to tennis experience.

Studi Korelasional antara Power Lengan, Fleksibilitas, dan Motivasi Berprestasi dengan Hasil Pukulan Forehand Groundstroke

This research is to find the relationship and influence of arm strength, flexibility, achievement motivation on the results of field tennis forehands. The method used in this study uses a survey method using korelasoinal. The number of samples used was 11 students who are members and active in UKM tennis field. Data collection tools used consisted of a questionnaire, namely a questionnaire about achievement motivation and tests for arm power tests, were discussed, and forehand tests consisted of speed and accuracy. The results obtained are arm strength that is collected and has a positive relationship with the results of the forehand, denies and has a positive relationship with the results of the forehand, as well as related achievement motivation and has a positive relationship with the results of the forehand. The next research results are all three and have a positive relationship with the results of the forehand.

A comparison of the physical fitness, athletic performance and competitive achievements of junior and senior tennis players

&lt;p&gt;The Japan Tennis Association established the Tennis Field Test as a tool for aiding the development of effective coaching methods and improving the competitive achievements of individual elite tennis players. On the basis of such evaluations, specific coaching methods can be developed for individual tennis players. This study aims to evaluate the physical fitness and athletic performance of tennis players using the Tennis Field Test, and to compare these attributes between players of different ages and abilities. A total of 48 tennis players participated, of which 24 were junior players (including 15 regional representatives), and 24 were senior players (including 18 national representatives). The subjects were further subdivided into average and superior groups on the basis of their competitive achievements in regional or national tournaments. All subjects participated in the Tennis Field Test, which consists of the following six items: the number of sit-ups performed in 30 sec (an index of muscular endurance), the standing long jump distance (an index of leg power), the sit and reach test (an index of flexibility), the time taken to perform the spider run (an index of agility), the time taken to sprint 10 m (an index of speed), and the distance run in three minutes (an index of whole-body endurance capacity). In this study, the subjects’ sit and reach test data were not examined due to differences in the measurement methods used between junior and senior tennis players. Among the junior tennis players, the superior group performed faster in the spider run than the average group (p = 0.0011). Among the senior tennis players, the superior group achieved a longer mean distance during the three-minute run than the average group (p = 0.0223). The test results of the remaining items for both groups were relatively similar. This study suggests that competitive achievement is associated with agility among junior tennis players, and is associated with whole-body endurance capacity among senior tennis players.&lt;/p&gt;

Differences in morphological characteristics tennis players of different sex

According to the nature of scientific research, this study belongs to the category of empirical, while according to the purpose of undertaking represents applied, that, applied research that aims to acquire new knowledge and information necessary for practical application in the field of tennis, and more broadly in the practice of teaching in educational institutions (Bala, 2007). In terms of temporal specificity research is transversal character, and consists of a one-time measurement of appropriate morphological characteristics of young tennis players. In relation to the degree of control, this scientific research belongs to the category of field research that was conducted in natural living conditions (Bala, 2007). The aim of this research was directed toward determining the differences in morphological characteristics depending on the sex. The sample consisted of 51 subjects aged 7 years (± 6 months), of which 23 boys and 28 girls enrolled in school tennis TK 'Palic 1878' from Palic. For the evaluation of morphological characteristics applied 9 anthropometric measures that defined longitudinal and transversal dimensionality of the skeleton and the volume and mass of the body, measured according to the International Biological Program. Differences in morphological characteristics of players of different sexes were determined by using multivariate analysis of variance and univariate analysis of variance. On the basis of the research it can be concluded that there is a statistically significant difference between subjects of different sexes in terms of their morphological characteristics. Changes in morphological characteristics can be attributed to the influence of the growth and development of the organism. The research results indicate faster growth of long tubular bones in boys. In recent years there has been the acceleration of these characteristics in comparison to the earlier generation of children, because they are boys and less girls, higher in the same period of life than previous generations, when viewed in the context of the same age (Eliakim et al., 2003).

Criterion validity and accuracy of global positioning satellite and data logging devices for wheelchair tennis court movement

PurposeTo compare the criterion validity and accuracy of a 1 Hz non-differential global positioning system (GPS) and data logger device (DL) for the measurement of wheelchair tennis court movement variables.MethodsInitial validation of the DL device was performed. GPS and DL were fitted to the wheelchair and used to record distance (m) and speed (m/second) during (a) tennis field (b) linear track, and (c) match-play test scenarios. Fifteen participants were monitored at the Wheelchair British Tennis Open.ResultsData logging validation showed underestimations for distance in right (DLR) and left (DLL) logging devices at speeds >2.5 m/second. In tennis-field tests, GPS underestimated distance in five drills. DLL was lower than both (a) criterion and (b) DLR in drills moving forward. Reversing drill direction showed that DLR was lower than (a) criterion and (b) DLL. GPS values for distance and average speed for match play were significantly lower than equivalent values obtained by DL (distance: 2816 (844) vs. 3952 (1109) m, P = 0.0001; average speed: 0.7 (0.2) vs. 1.0 (0.2) m/second, P = 0.0001). Higher peak speeds were observed in DL (3.4 (0.4) vs. 3.1 (0.5) m/second, P = 0.004) during tennis match play.ConclusionsSampling frequencies of 1 Hz are too low to accurately measure distance and speed during wheelchair tennis. GPS units with a higher sampling rate should be advocated in further studies. Modifications to existing DL devices may be required to increase measurement precision. Further research into the validity of movement devices during match play will further inform the demands and movement patterns associated with wheelchair tennis.

Relação entre a personalidade e lesões musculares em atletas de tênis de campo

INTRODUÇÃO: A personalidade de um indivíduo é o resultado de uma complexa rede de influências de diversos fatores independentes como a constituição biológica e psicológica, além das influências do meio social, ambiental e cultural em que vive. Ela é a integração dessas partes que interagindo formam o todo. OBJETIVO: Verificar se existe relação causa-efeito entre traços de personalidade, sexo e lesão no esporte. MÉTODO: A amostra foi composta por 60 atletas com idade média de 15,6 (DP =1,5) anos, sendo 35 atletas do sexo masculino e 25 atletas do sexo feminino pertencentes à Categoria Infanto-Juvenil, participantes de torneios de tênis de campo da Federação Paranaense e Catarinense. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado o Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade - IFP. Para tratamento dos dados utilizou-se uma MANOVA e uma ANOVA a um nível de p &lt; 0,05. RESULTADOS: Apresentaram significância para a variável lesão com Agressão (p = 0,01) e Heterossexualidade (p = 0,00). Para a variável sexo, houve diferença significativa com Intracepção (p = 0,02); Afago (p = 0,02); Dominância (p = 0,004); Autonomia (p = 0,03); Heterossexualidade (p = 0,00). CONCLUSÃO: A agressividade é um importante traço de personalidade a ser considerado para ser controlada para prevenir e diminuir as incidências de lesões em atletas de tênis.

Comparison of Two Aerobic Field Tests in Young Tennis Players

This study compares the maximal responses of a new aerobic tennis field test, the NAVTEN to a known aerobic field test, often used with young tennis players, that is, the continuous multistage 20-m shuttle run test (20-m SRT). The NAVTEN is an intermittent (1-minute/1-minute) multistage test with side-to-side displacements and ball hitting. Ten young elite tennis players aged 12.9 ± 0.3 (mean ± SD) randomly performed both tests and were continuously monitored for heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2) using the Vmax ST (Sensormedics). The 20-m SRT and NAVTEN show similar HRpeak (202 ± 6.1 vs. 208 ± 9.5, respectively) and V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak (54.2 ± 5.9 vs. 54.9 ± 6.0 ml·kg·min). Pearson correlations between both tests were 0.88 and 0.92 for V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak and maximal speed, respectively. The NAVTEN yielded V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak values that are typical for active subjects of that age and are similar to the 20-m SRT supporting its use to measure aerobic fitness of young tennis players in specific and entertaining field conditions. The fact that two-thirds of the tennis players achieved a different ranking (±1 rank) with the NAVTEN and the 20-m SRT suggests that the NAVTEN may be more specific than the 20-m SRT to assess aerobic fitness of tennis players. From a practical point of view, the NAVTEN test is more specific and pedagogical for young tennis players even though both tests yield similar maximal values.

Lawn Tennis Video Summarization based on Audiovisual and Text Feature Analysis

this paper, a new video summarization approach for lawn tennis video is presented. The proposed method uses frame color histogram to classify video into play field color shots (PFCS) and non play field color shots (NPFCS). Play field color shots are the segments of interest and used to recognize the tournament class. A dominant colored frame from every PFCS is extracted as a salient frame. Our approach also employs dominant value of PFCS volume and energy. For the each PFCS dominant audio energy value is computed and corresponding key frame is extracted. On-screen text presented in play field color shots provides important semantic information so the last frame of the shot is extracted as key caption. Three key frames based on audio, visual and text information conveyed in every PFCS are extracted and summary of lawn tennis video is created. These key frames of every PFCS serve as accurate localization of the events on the lawn tennis field. Experiments are performed on lawn tennis videos to confirm the efficiency of the proposed method.

Girls’ Sports Today…Measuring Progress

In the past 38 years since the passage of Title IX legislation girls' sports participation has grown to more than 3 million participants per year at the high school level (National Federation of State High School Associations) but questions remain. * How much progress has been made, and what additional progress needs to be made? * What expertise needs to be provided to female athletes to support their sport experience? * How can this audience be effectively reached? A 2006 Girl Scouts of the USA report, The New Normal? What Girls Say About Healthy Living addressed issues facing girls today regarding obesity and active living. The report cited CDC statistics reporting that since 1980 obesity rates have tripled for children ages 6-11 and doubled for children ages 12-19. Today approximately 9 million children over the age of six are obese. Over the past 25 years the percentage of overweight girls has more than doubled with low income and minority girls at highest risk. Effects of childhood obesity are multi-fold: * Increased risk of becoming overweight adults * Increased chance of diseases such as Type II diabetes, hypertension, cancer, cholesterol abnormalities, and orthopedic problems * Increased chance of psychological problems including depression * Increased feelings of stigmatization including teasing and low self-esteem An active child is more likely to be more fit, but girls in 1972 were far behind boys in participation in sports. Title IX is education legislation passed that year which provided protection for equity in educational opportunities including sport. The language of Title IX states: No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program receiving Federal financial assistance. When Title IX was passed, just under 300,000 girls participated in high school sports; today more than 3 million girls participate (NFHS). Most popular sports for girls in the US in 2008-09 were Track & Field (Outdoor), Basketball, Volleyball and Softball (Fast Pitch) followed by Soccer, Cross Country, Tennis and Swimming & Diving. Competitive Spirit Squad was the tenth most popular sport. Competitive Spirit Squads are included as a sport listing by NFHS. There is a distinction between Competitive Spirit Squads and Cheerleading that is important to note: a Competitive Spirit Squad would have a trained coach, regularly scheduled practices, and a competition schedule in which there is scoring. A cheer squad that simply serves as sideline pep squad is not a Competitive Cheer Squad. (NOTE: A July 21, 2010 ruling by U.S. District Judge Stefan Underhill established that competitive cheer is NOT an official sport that schools can use to meet gender equity requirements. The complaint was filed in Connecticut against Quinnipiac University in Case 3:09-cv-00621-SRU.) According to NFHS's 2008-09 Participation Report, North Carolina was 13th in the country in girls' sports participation with just under 80,000 participants reported. Sports ranked in order of popularity in the state are Competitive Spirit Squad, Track & Field (Outdoor), Softball (Fast Pitch), Volleyball, Basketball and Swimming & Diving followed by Cross Country, Tennis, Soccer and Indoor Track & Field. Despite the significant increase in participation numbers overall, understanding of Title IX and its impact is still unclear. No institution has lost federal funding due to Title IX violations although lawsuits and complaints have been filed. Critics of Title IX claim that the law forces men's boys' sports to be cut. In today's tough economic climate, many schools are being forced to evaluate which sport programs they offer, and understanding of Title IX is critical in that process. According to information retrieved from Women's Sports Foundation (WSF), the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) reported in 2003-04 that girls comprised about 49% of the high school population. …

Elaboration d'un ludogramme pour les sports sous forme de duel

Construction of a Sports Ludogram as a Form of Duel: Playing a sport is not anodine; it is the result of a symbolic representation of that sport. Studying the gestures of a player during a match, before or after winning a point, after an adversary's double faut or after a final winning point, can reveal that social symbolism by other than traditional methods. Sports reveal intense manifestations of emotions and how is one to account for the different modes of these emotional manifestations in relation to the stages of a match? Tennis, table tennis, field tennis, badminton and volleyball serve as our research terrain. We explain the development followed in constructing a methodological tool for data collection called the ludogram.

Specific incremental field test for aerobic fitness in tennis

Objectives: To compare metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses between subjects undergoing incremental treadmill (non-specific) and tennis field based (sport specific) tests. Methods: Nine junior competitive tennis players randomly performed two incremental...

Movement patterns in elite men’s singles tennis.

Only the work of Pereira et al (2001) attempts to link footwork patterns to the outcome of the rallies, and the sequencing of these patterns, which enables a much more relevant picture to be obtained of what exactly happens in the game. This, and other research, has shown the developments made within the field of squash regarding the analysis of movement pattern, however such research has yet to be extended to the field of tennis. The aim of this study was to analyse movement patterns of elite men’s singles tennis players.Ten sets from matches in the third round onwards of the 2002 Wimbledon Championships were used, and data were collected using a computerised database designed in Microsoft Access. Two intra-operator and one inter-operator reliability tests were conducted, all of which showed good levels of reliability (< 3% and 5% respectively) when analysed broadly, however as the depth of analysis increased, so the reliability decreased (7.9%). Profile data were also compiled, which showed great variation in the levels of normalisation across all the data variables collected, and further extension of data collection was also recommended for future research.The data showed distinct sequences of movement produced by elite men’s grass court players. The sequences showed trends towards split steps as the initial movements (66.59%), then a combination of side steps (ranging 27.84%–32.6%) and strides (ranging 24.31%–25.95%) used to get to the ball. The movements at the ball then resulted in strides (34.51% and 58.26%) and then subsequent use of side steps (42.01%) in recovery. The combination of serving and cell sequence data also leads to the conclusion that movement behind the baseline predominates on the grass surface, however the net and volleying was also utilised with great success (31.8% winners). The data also showed that the mid court was utilised as a transitional area of the court.Further research was recommended to fully utilise the potential of the system, and that the data collection be extended to include different playing populations and surfaces.

テニスにおけるビデオ・クリニックの研究

The concept of video clinic is to teach students to improve their skill and game through a cycle of sending video tapes to a coach in order to analyze and diagnose the performance. The coach then provides training programs for improvement, after which the student returns the video tapes. This coaching technique was applied in the field of tennis, and it was found to be a very effective way for each player to improve his skill or game and to develop his characteristic play.

Effective elderly adjustment.

Effective elderly adjustment.