Field Of Natural Sciences Research Articles

Preface

Welcome to 2023 International Conference on Computational and Mathematical Methods in Engineering, which was held in Qingdao, China on 29-30 July 2023! As the editor of this proceeding, I’m honored to present this special issue to you.The CMME2023 aims to provide a platform for scholars and researchers in related fields to exchange ideas and present their research results. It covers engineering issues and is designed to provide readers with an opportunity to gain a comprehensive understanding of cutting-edge research.With the rapid development of technology, engineering computing plays a crucial role in the field of natural science and practical applications. Through the cross-integration of computer science, mathematics and engineering, improve the theory and application of engineering computing. The study of engineering computing and mathematical methods, not only helps us better understand and explain phenomena, but also provides us with opportunities to optimize design and improve efficiency.We are committed to publishing high-quality, original, and practical articles, covering a wide range of research fields, such as structural mechanics, fluid mechanics, electronics and communication engineering, etc. Meanwhile, we also welcome submissions from different backgrounds and professional fields, and promote interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge sharing.To ensure the scientific and reliable content, journal quality and academic standards, all papers undergone peer review by using a rigorous peer review system. Each submission is reviewed by anonymous experts and will only be accepted for publication after passing rigorous review. This guarantees the quality and accuracy of the published articles and allows readers to rely on these research results with confidence. We would like to express our deep gratitude to the authors who participated in this CMME, as well as all the anonymous reviewers, who filled in the content of this proceeding and provided valuable comments and suggestions.Here, you will find a series of inspiring and forward-looking articles covering the latest research in various fields. We hope that these articles will stimulate your thinking and provide you with valuable reference and guidance as you practice engineering computing and mathematical methods. We also hope that through the promotion and dissemination of this proceeding, we can further promote the development of the field of engineering computing and make positive contributions to solving major problems in engineering practice.Finally, I would like to thank all the contributing authors, reviewers and editorial team for their hard work and support. Sincerely hope that CMME2023 can provide valuable information for your research and practice in related fields and make positive contribution. We can’t wait to see you at next CMME 2024!CMME2023 Organizing Committee2 August 2023

Data Paper's Functions in Scholarly Communication Ecosystem as Perceived by Natural Scientists

ABSTRACTData papers, a new class of scholarly publication emerging from the open‐science movement, foster data discovery and reuse by offering comprehensive descriptions of research data. Yet, despite their promising growth, the role of data papers in scholarly communication remains underexplored. This work therefore investigates the perceived contributions and functions of data papers to scholarly communication by interviewing 14 data‐paper authors operating in the field of natural science. Using conceptual frameworks adopted from Borgman (2007) and Van de Sompel et al. (2004), we identify four general functions of scholarly communication (i.e., legitimization; dissemination; access, preservation, and curation; and rewarding). Additionally, our data lead us to propose that verification is a distinct scholarly communication, underscoring the importance of data papers in validating research findings in the context of ensuring research transparency. By elucidating the crucial role that data papers now play within the scholarly communication ecosystem, this study seeks to raise the academic community's awareness of their fundamental position, as well as their co‐existence with other forms of data publication, in advancing scientific research.

Establishment of Physical Science in Precarpathia: Events and Characters

The question of the development of physical science in the Carpathian region (end of the 18th - beginning of the 21st century) was studied, starting from the Tsar's Royal Gymnasium, organized in 1784, to the creation of a teacher's institute in 1940 in the city of Stanislaviv (Ivano-Frankivsk) and its gradual transformation into Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University. The role of science education and especially physics in the formation of a cohort of modern specialists, necessary for the restoration of the country and its rapid technological development, is indicated. The progress of physical education in Stanislaviv (Ivano-Frankivsk) and the development of methodological and organizational foundations for the training of future physics teachers is considered against the background of the dramatic historical and political transformations of the region in the period under study. It is shown that the beginning of the development of learning and teaching of physics was already laid in the activities of numerous gymnasium-type educational institutions, which were organized in the city since the 18th century and became training bases for future teachers or scientists, in particular natural sciences. Special attention is focused on the defining role of outstanding characters of scientists and pedagogues-physicists who made a significant contribution to the formation of modern scientific and pedagogical schools and concepts: professors Viktor Dushchenko, Petr Kyrychka, Ivan Kucheruk, Dmytro Freik, Ivan Klymyshyn, Bohdan Ostafiychuk. Despite the initiation and development of scientific directions, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University remains an important center for the development of pedagogical ideas and innovations in the field of natural sciences and comprehensively contributes to the improvement of the methodology and didactics of physics at various levels.

PENERAPAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING BERBASIS LESSON STUDY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM DAN SOSIAL KELAS V


 This study aims to enhance scientific knowledge and improve science learning outcomes among students in class V-A at Lawanggintung State Elementary School 2, located in Bogor City, during the odd semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The research methodology employed in this study is Collaborative Classroom Action Research, based on the lesson study approach and utilizing the project based learning model. The present study was conducted through the establishment of collaborative partnerships between researchers and other stakeholders, with the aim of identifying issues, devising implementation strategies, and engaging in reflective practises pertaining to the learning process. The participants of this study consisted of 21 students enrolled in class V-A at SDN Lawanggintung 2, located in Bogor City. The sample comprised 11 female students and 10 male students. The primary objective of this study is to enhance the academic achievements of students in the fifth grade, namely in the fields of Natural and Social Sciences. This study presents the findings from the assessment of the first and second cycles. The acquisition of study data was facilitated by researchers through the utilization of direct tests, the observation of learning outcomes, and the observation of learning implementation. The presented statistics indicate a notable improvement in student learning outcomes after the implementation of the project based learning model. The evidence for this assertion is substantiated by the notable attainment of comprehensive learning objectives by students in cycle I and II, demonstrating significant improvement. During the first cycle, the learning completeness of pupils was recorded at 67%. In the subsequent cycle, the learning completeness increased to 86%. This accomplishment demonstrates a growth of 19% between Cycle I and Cycle II. The findings of this study indicate that the research conducted in class V-A of SDN Lawanggintung 2 Bogor City yielded positive consequences, namely in terms of enhancing students' learning achievements in Natural and Social Sciences courses through the implementation of the project based learning model.

A CASE FOR THE SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL CAPITAL IN THE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM AND ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the study of social sciences and social capital in the system of higher education and economy of Ukraine. The article aims to solve two tasks: The first - is to discuss the, not simple, relationship between the natural and social sciences in stimulating technological innovations; The second - is to show how the new concepts of social and cultural capital are connected to economic development. The main results of the article are presented in a study of scientific works devoted to the relationship between the social and natural sciences and how this relationship relates to educational and economic development. The methodological basis of the research is the methods of comparative analysis of scientific research in the field of social and natural sciences, the authors of which investigated human, social and cultural capital. The article also examines the main scientific discussions on the role of social and cultural capital. These are relatively new topics that are increasingly recognized as important components of development. It is stated that the humanities and social sciences should occupy a prominent place in education because, paradoxically, these subjects stimulate technological innovation and economic growth in modern knowledge economies. This view coincides with the school of New Institutional Economics (New Institutional Economics) and the school of "human relations" (human relations) in the field of management, which emphasize social and cultural factors for the effective functioning of organizations and economic development. The technocratic or scientific management paradigm has reached the limits of its usefulness in education, innovation, and economic progress. This paradigm now needs to be supplemented by more open educational systems and organizations, whose functioning is enhanced by cultural and social capital.

Publications about Scientific Schools in Legal Publications: Statistic Data and its Analysis

Introduction. Despite the high importance of scientific schools in jurisprudence, there is a lack of objective data confirming or refuting the role of associations of this type for the social sciences. To determine the importance of long-term associations of scientists for conducting research, to demonstrate the effectiveness of various groups of journals that inform the legal community about the importance of collective cognitive activity. Theoretical Basis. Methods. Based on statistical research methods of publications published in the Scientific Electronic Library “eLIBRARY.RU”, the conclusion is made about the importance of scientific schools for conducting research activities in the fields of natural, technical, medical, agricultural and socio-humanitarian sciences. Results. A pattern has been revealed: if the object of study is a person as a biological unit (for medical sciences) or a social unit (for social sciences and humanities), the number of mentions of scientific schools in publications on the relevant topic is generally higher compared to natural, technical or agricultural sciences. The scientific school is of the highest importance for such a fundamental legal discipline as the history of state and law. According to the frequency of appeals to the phenomenon of the scientific school, the science of the history of state and law is closer to the historical sciences than to the legal ones. The importance of collective research in the field of law and collective knowledge of reality is not sufficiently communicated to practicing lawyers in periodicals aimed at the appropriate audience. Discussion and Conclusions. Complex self-regulating systems as objects of research, whose behavior is characterized by the property of low predictability, have another system as one of the tools and measurement parameters – the scientific school and its founder. The society is one of the most complex self-regulating systems, which explains the role played by the scientific school in the field of jurisprudence. Practitioners should be involved in the work of research teams, whose work contributes to increasing the degree of reliability of research results, increases the practical significance and accessibility for the consumer of scientific products.

Organization of competence-based training in the teaching of the Nature subject in general education schools

The main aim of the article is to study the organization of the Nature subject in the competence-based teaching at schools. In recent years, the active participation of our Republic in various research programs on the assessment of student achievements has led to positive changes in textbook policy. In such programs (such as TIMSS and PISA), the reading, mathematical, and scientific literacy skills of students are studied and evaluated with specially designed tools. It should be noted that according to the results of the latest TIMSS study, our students were able to demonstrate high mathematical literacy skills. Unfortunately, their scientific literacy scores were lower than the average research score. However, the formation of scientific literacy in the natural sciences is extremely important in training competent young people for the future. In the countries whose students show high results in the TIMSS and PISA research programs (Singapore, China, South Korea, Finland, etc.), the formation of scientific literacy competence in the teaching of Natural Sciences is the main goal of national education. In the article, the way to solve the problem related to the formation of scientific literacy competence in our students at the general secondary education level with the teaching of the integrative "Nature" subject was studied; the importance and necessity of studying this subject were justified. The results of Azerbaijani students in the field of Natural Sciences in comparison with international studies are not satisfactory, the reason for this is that students do not have enough knowledge of scientific concepts and laws in Natural Sciences, and they have difficulty answering real-life situational tasks. Application importance: this theory can be implemented in general education schools.

Transdisciplinary role of physical and mathematical disciplines in modern natural science and engineering education

Introduction. In recent decades, a gradual degradation of mathematics and physics training in schools and universities has begun. Obviously, this has caused a significant decrease in the quality of professional training of students in the conditions of commercialisation and continuous reforms of education, and its chaotic digitalisation. At the same time, modern mathematics and physics have become the leader of the transdisciplinary trend in the natural, engineering, and other sciences of the digital era. The transdisciplinary trend generates a universal methodology capable of solving complex multifactorial interdisciplinary problems of nature and society. As a result of the transdisciplinary trend in science, such scientific fields as cybernetics, general systems theory, catastrophe theory, synergetics, artificial intelligence, big data, etc. have emerged. All these concepts were developed on the basis of the achievements of mathematics and physics over the past 70–80 years, which gave rise to the most unique practical achievements in modern, natural, and technical sciences.Aim. The present research aims to explore transdisciplinarity role of physical and mathematical disciplines in modern natural science and engineering education.Methodology and research methods. The system-based approach was used to analyse the role of mathematical and physical science systems in modern education. The synergetic approach became the basis for the study of the transdisciplinary trend of these systems in historical retrospect. In the methodology of these approaches, an important role was played by the methods of students’ holistic scientific worldviews formation, including ideas about the modern picture of the world of mathematics and physics. The authors applied the methods to develop student systems thinking (with its important quality of nonlinearity), which underlies the solution of multifactorial interdisciplinary tasks of their professional activity.Results. The results of the analysis of the transdisciplinary role of physical and mathematical disciplines indicate the fundamental importance of the unique potential of these disciplines in the natural science and engineering education in the era of the computer revolution.Scientific novelty. The authors identified, justified and characterised transdisciplinary ideas and methods (in mathematics and physics), which bring natural and engineering sciences to a higher level of cognition, thus contributing to improving the quality of natural science and engineering training of students at universities using a computer.Practical significance. The research materials emphasise considerable practical importance to implement a transdisciplinary approach in didactics and methods of teaching physical and mathematical disciplines in the system of natural science, and engineering education. The research findings will be of interest to educational theorists and teachers, who conduct professional training of students of natural science and engineering fields and to everyone who is interested in the prosperous future of the educational system.

Post-Restoration Forest Management Issues in East Asia under Climate Change: Based on the Special Issue “Economic and Societal Losses Due to Environmental Impacts on Forestry Productivity”

Forests provide diverse ecosystem services to people. Consequently, initiatives have been undertaken to restore deforested areas. In East Asian countries, particularly those within the Asian Monsoon region, deforestation has contributed to natural disasters such as sediment run-off, landslides, and flooding, which are exacerbated by torrential rainfall. Restoring forest cover is a critical aspect of national land conservation. To achieve this goal, state-led afforestation initiatives have been launched. Successful afforestation efforts have also been considered an indicator of economic development. However, Japan, which implemented afforestation projects successfully in the 1950s and 1970s, has experienced the under-utilization of its forests due to significant changes in economic and societal conditions since afforestation took place. During the 2010s, the Japanese government promoted the industrialization of forestry, encouraging final felling and reforestation. However, there have been issues with immature forest operation methods and low forestry productivity. Furthermore, in the context of intensifying climate change, heavy rainfall-induced disasters have become more intense, with an increased threat to human safety. Research efforts from the natural and social science fields in Japan have helped identify issues that need to be addressed concerning forests where plantation trees are now utilizable. There is a need to identify improved methods of forestry practice that reduce the risk of climate change-related disasters and establish related forest policies.

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Fiberglass Simulator Pernapasan Manusia Di Kelas V UPT SDN 17 Gresik

The main objective of this research is to study learning media Fingerglass human breathing simulator. Utilization of simulation models designed to resemble the human respiratory system serves as an invaluable educational tool. The aim is to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of scientific concepts, particularly in the field of natural sciences, with the ultimate goal of practical application in everyday life. By using this simulator it is hoped that students will be involved to be actively involved in the learning process, fostering a high interest in understanding the subject matter. This research took place at UPT SDN 17 Gresik for Grade 5 students. The model used is a simulator of the human respiratory system following the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. This model is based on the scientific approach to ADDIE development theory outlined by Robert Maribe Branch. The validation process for two levels of material expert validators I and II resulted in a validation level of 85% indicating that the material was included in the valid category. Likewise, the results of the validator material expert validator II show a validation level of 100% which is also included in the valid category. This implies that the contents of the learning media are relevant to the subject matter of the fifth grade Human Respiratory System in elementary school. Thus it can be concluded that the quality of the Fiberglass Learning Media Human Breathing Simulator meets valid criteria in terms of the material it contains. In addition, the student's response obtained a value of 87% indicating that the Human Breathing Simulator Fiberglass Learning Media was very suitable for use in the learning process

Features of the teaching of evolutionary theory and fundamentals of ecology in the medical university at the department of medical biology

Aim. To justify the peculiarities of teaching the basics of evolution and ecology in a medical university to ensure a high level of general biological training and to achieve medical and biological orientation of first-year students. Methods. Study and analysis of typical and working programs, monographs, textbooks, didactic materials and methodical recommendations from the discipline "Medical Biology" of medical universities. Results. In the conditions of reforming modern medical education, biology teachers are paying more and more attention to the formation of a scientific picture of the world, that is, the formation of a worldview in future doctors, which corresponds to modern approaches to the integration of the content of theoretical and clinical education and the need for its continuity in the further practical activities of a doctor-specialist in any field of medicine. Teaching involves conveying to students three possible regimes of biological evolution: Lamarck’s, environmental factors influence development (epigenesis); Darwinian, when random mutations are selected by environmental factors for progressive development (biogenesis); Rait's, in which there are only coincidences. Conclusions. During formation the personality of the future doctor, teaching the basics of evolution and ecology should combine the material of classical biology with the latest information on achievements in the fields of natural sciences.

ФОРМИРАНЕ НА ПАТРИОТИЧНО И ИНТЕРКУЛТУРНО ВЪЗПИТАНИЕ ЧРЕЗ ИНОВАТИВЕН ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЕН ПРОЕКТ „ПЪТУВАЙ С НАС ИЗ БЪЛГАРИЯ И ЕВРОПА“

The article presents a five-month educational project that is different and goes beyond the framework of Bulgarian preschool education, which aims to develop key competences for lifelong learning – communication in the native language, recognition of foreign languages, basic knowledge in the field of natural sciences, skills for learning, social and civic competences, cultural awareness, and creative performances. At its core, it aims to satisfy children’s desire for new knowledge, beyond the state educational standards for preschool age. Combining an author’s program system and the method of Dr. Maria Montessori, as well as innovative educational practices from other European countries, we managed to intertwine intercultural and patriotic education, the involvement of parents in the educational process, and diverse teaching methods to satisfy this interest in children of the XX century.

Impact of vertical and horizontal mismatches on earnings among highly educated employees in Japan

This study investigates the vertical and horizontal mismatches among highly-educated employees in Japan. The critical point of view is that job-education mismatches lead to the waste of human capital accumulated during undergraduate or graduate study years and bring adverse consequences-earnings penalties. The main contribution of our study is that it is the first attempt to investigate both vertical and horizontal mismatches using Japanese data. Our analysis reveals that vertical mismatch is more likely to significantly lower annual earnings than horizontal mismatch for both men and women. We also find that it mainly applies to university graduates, and no significant penalty exists among employees with a graduate degree. Additionally, horizontal mismatch is more common among female employees and the penalty for overeducation is severely pronounced in the fields of natural sciences, medicine, and pharmacy.

TEKNIK BUDIDAYA SAYURAN SECARA HIDROPONIK SISTEM DFT PADA SISWA SMA ISLAM PERLAUNGAN SIDOARJO

In order to develop lessons and research in the field of Natural Sciences, especially in the field of Biology for Perlaungan Islamic High School students in Sidoarjo, the Biology Study Program Community Service Team held hydroponic technique training for Perlaungan Islamic High School students. The purpose of this service is to provide information and knowledge to Perlaungan Islamic High School students about hydroponic techniques, so that the knowledge gained from this training can be continued at their schools to support better biology learning. The implementation was carried out in an interesting way and to monitor its progress and implementation, an evaluation was carried out in the form of a pre-test and post-test and then analyzed. This activity increased students' knowledge of hydroponic cultivation techniques by 56.33%.

Eternal Problems as a Factor in the Development of Philosophical Knowledge

Key words: eternal problems, philosophical knowledge, worldview, theory, unique and universal knowledge The eternal philosophical questions that determine the nature of scientific thought and the meaning of artistic imagination appear in the minds of people in the pattern of new (actual) problems within the formation of sometimes mystical hypotheses, but more often – rigorous scientific theories. The following philosophical problems can be regarded as the most interesting: the problem of the beginning, the problem of the material and the ideal, the problem of soul and body, the problem of freedom and creativity of the individual, the problem of the meaning of life, the problem of truth. For each of them there is a list of solutions proposed by philosophers of a particular era. Scientific research in the field of natural and social sciences involves a corresponding process in which the presented problem is subjected to a hypothetical solution and its theoretical base is formed. In the field of philosophy, this mechanism does not work. Philosophy is not only a science, but also a worldview. Worldview problems do not have an unambiguous and final settlement. The problems here are eternal. Each historical epoch creates a compact system corresponding to the level of knowledge and worldview development of its time. However, in the process of further development, the “reliable theory” faces a new problem, for the solution of which the study undergoes a new cycle. These transitional stages accumulate an undeniable system of knowledge; however, the main question always remains open and unresolved. Eternal problems feed science with new theoretical propositions and create new foundations and opportunities for its subsequent development. This is not only the logic of philosophy development, but also the logic of science development as a whole.

Analisis Kemampuan TPACK Terintegrasi STEM Calon Guru SD Pembelajaran IPA dalam Menumbuhkan Nilai Edusciencetechnopreneur

The aim of the research is to explore the ability of prospective educators to master technology through STEM integrated TPACK skills in the natural science field to increase the value of integrated edusciencetechnopreneur. This step is to prepare prospective teachers to face the development of science and technology in the world of education during the transition period of the industrial revolution from 4.0 to 5.0. This research is a survey research with a quantitative approach, with the research subjects being students of the even semester PGSD Study Program for the academic year 2021/2022. The sampling technique used was cluster sampling. Collecting data using a questionnaire with a likert scale and portfolio of students or prospective teachers, student journals, and several other documents related to research. The data analysis technique used SEM through AMOS and descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis show that prospective elementary school teachers have implemented STEM-integrated TPACK in science learning 56%–75% have been carried out. The results of comparison of GOF with GOFI through SEM are categorized as fit and marginal, but the regression weight does not show a significant effect between the STEM-integrated TPACK variable on the value of integrated edusciencetechnopreneur.

Analysis of academic publishing in Trakya University journals

Background: Although Turkey publishes more than 3000 peer-reviewed scientific journals, fewer than 5% of them are covered by major indexing databases, and only 1 of the 10 scientific journals published by Trakya University (Turkey) is among those quality journals. In November 2017, Trakya University organized a workshop titled ‘Increasing the quality of academic journals at Trakya University’, the ultimate goal of which was to bring together all stakeholders in the process of academic publishing, to review the criteria of publishing quality, and to recommend measures to enhance the quality of academic journals published from Turkey.  Objectives: To review the current status of academic journals published by Trakya University in terms of international publishing standards, to devise measures to enhance their quality, and also to help other journals do the same.  Methods: Information was collected from the websites of 10 academic journals pub-lished by Trakya University in the fields of natural, medical, and social sciences to assess the extent to which each journal met a set of criteria defining quality academic publishing. These journals were then compared in terms of their success in meeting those criteria. Results: No single measure can improve the quality of all the ten journals published by Trakya University. Balkan Medical Journal topped the list in that it satisfied nearly all the criteria whereas the journals that met the fewest criteria were Trakya University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, Trakya University Journal of Faculty of Letters, and Journal of Balkan Libraries Union. Timeliness in ensuring ethical standards was the criterion most often met by the journals, but all 10 failed to meet the criteria related to data accessibility and good reporting guidelines. Of the 8 crite-ria related to fairness of the blind-review processes, all 10 met 6 but none met all 8. In terms of transparency and implementation of best practices, the highest compliance was in terms of the criteria related to the name of the journal, its governing body, and archiving, but no journal made any effort to market itself, that is, to expand its circulation. Conclusions: The strengths and weaknesses of each journal with reference to the quality of academic publishing were highlighted. The method described in the paper can also be used for evaluating other journals.

Artificial intelligect and human nature

The article presents the main transformational processes of scientific understanding of the role and interaction of «artificial» and «natural» intellect. The aim of the work is to analyze and summarize the most promising results of modern scientific research in the context of supporting the priority of solving «intellectual» problems by «natural intellect» and the role of «artificial intellect». Attention is drawn to the specifics of the artificial intellect functioning, which is significantly limited by the fundamental incompleteness of semantic information and the absence of axiological information. The article is based on the data of scientific developments in the field of natural and historical sciences. The natural intellect is presented as a social phenomenon that arose from the interaction of individual cerebral structures, the optimal characteristics of which were formed as a result of previous evolution, and therefore these characteristics allow to understand and make any dominant decisions. The material summarized in the article allowed to formulate some conclusions. In particular, that an artificial non-biological structure cannot be «smarter» than a person – regardless of how quickly and according to what programmes it processes the information, since it does not have its own goals. But the artificial intellect is a powerful tool for society in its interaction with the outside world. A tool – but in no case an agent that determines its goals and objectives. The artificial intellect as an auxiliary means is and will be created in future by people to achieve the same goal that «natural» intellect serves – better possible satisfaction of the needs of society as a whole and the individual in particular.

66th International Open Readings Conference for students of Physics and Natural Sciences. Annual Abstract Book 2023

“Open Readings 2023” – is an international academic platform for students and young researchers from all over the world to present their ongoing research results and practices in the fields of physics and natural sciences.
 The 66th International Scientific Conference for Students of Physics and Natural Sciences gathers people to discuss, learn, exchange and share their scientific experience, meet key experts and enjoy an exciting programme. The conference includes lectures of well-known, leading and accomplished scientists and presentations of students’ research. “Open Readings 2023” gives an opportunity for BSc, MSc and PhD students, who are doing their scientific research, to present it to a larger audience, and get constructive criticism and helpful advice. This book gives an overview of all Open Readings 2023 conference presentations.

Research Issues and Methodological Profiles of Academic Works Pertaining to Physical Activity and Tourism Management in Mountain Areas (An Analysis of Research Papers Published in the Journal “Folia Turistica” in the Years 1990-2020)

Abstract Introduction. The paper aims to analyse publications on physical activity and tourism management in mountain areas which appeared in the over 30-year period of publishing the journal “Folia Turistica” (FT). Material and methods. The research consisted of four stages: preliminary analysis of titles and abstracts of research papers published in FT in the years 1990-2020, a detailed analysis of the content of research papers pertaining to mountain issues, collecting and processing the data necessary to prepare methodological profiles of research papers using the OMPN©, analysis and discussion of the results obtained. Results. Among the 75 scientific articles qualified for the study, works in the field of social sciences, as well as in the field of natural sciences and humanities prevailed. Four leading thematic areas can be distinguished: physical or tourist activity, resource management and governance, nature and protected areas, tourist and recreational infrastructure. The share of papers on historical issues, law and security issues, and education and leadership was clearly smaller. Research and the resulting scientific articles were more often interdisciplinary (rather than monodisciplinary), the positivist approach prevailed (rather than interpretative), empirical research was undertaken more often (rather than theoretical studies), while scientific reasoning and inferences were much more often based on induction (not deduction). Conclusions. The research shows that articles on physical/tourism activity in mountain regions published in FT were highly diverse in their methodological approaches, and in many works there is a scholarly approach known as triangulation, which involves joining various approaches and research methods and drawing conclusions based on various kinds of data. This situation, together with the relatively low-level development of tourism research compared to other more advanced fields and disciplines, does not facilitate our task of evaluating the various articles and their significance in attaining valuable knowledge.