Field Of International Security Research Articles

The role of the UN in ensuring the rule of law

The methods of effective support of international peace and security directly depend on the features of the global and regional security environment. The nature of current challenges and threats determines the format and directions of international security cooperation. Faced with the modern challenges and threats of the globalized world, no state is able to ensure its own security solely by its own efforts, without relying on the help of the international community and collective security structures. Each country independently determines the degree of its participation in certain international events in the field of international security. In this vein, various forms of international cooperation and cooperation in the field of security are formed in accordance with countries’ perceptions of common threats and their own national interests. In the conditions of the current level of globalization, international cooperation covers almost all spheres of social activity and requires the establishment of generally accepted and understandable “rules of the game” and certain regulation at the supranational level. These functions are assigned to international institutions and the system of international treaties. The transition to the information society, the processes of globalization, the development of the latest technologies and the new challenges of modernity have led to the emergence of new ways of waging war and have radically changed the international security system. The principles, resources and means of warfare have changed significantly. Modern challenges and threats to the global security system have led to a rethinking of the conceptual and practical foundations of international security cooperation. In order to maintain security and stability in the modern world, uniform rules, principles and standards of responsibility must be adopted. The UN acts as a universal and unique platform for consolidating positive trends in the development of the international security system.

Слід Російської Федерації в ООН: право «вето»

The article examines some aspects of the problems of reforming the United Nations, which is the largest international organization in the world, established after the end of World War II to maintain peace, develop friendly relations and intergovernmental cooperation among member states. The study focuses on the activities of the UN Security Council, which is one of the key organs of the international organization, as it performs the main function of the UN - ensuring international security. A significant feature of this body is that it is empowered to make decisions which are binding on all countries that are members of the organization. It is emphasized that the veto right of permanent member states should act as a stabilizer ensuring the collegial nature of the UN Security Council's activities and adoption of important decisions in the field of international security. It is pointed out that the veto power in the UN Security Council is provided for to avoid counteracting the interests of the founding members of the Organization, but given the global expansion of the United Nations in the second half of the twentieth century, it seems obvious that such a right may impede the achievement of justice and equality of member States. The attention is focused on the inadmissibility of using the veto power not in the interests of maintaining peace and security, but on the basis of the member states' own interests.

Promoting Womens Role and Gender Equality in International Security from the Feminist Perspective: Case Study of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 and Its Implementation in Afghanistan

Historically, the field of international security has largely neglected or overlooked the consideration of gender in its theoretical frameworks and analyses. International security has traditionally focused on state-centric perspectives, military capabilities, strategic interests, and power dynamics, often disregarding the role of gender in shaping security dynamics and outcomes. In recent decades, scholars and practitioners within the field of international security have increasingly recognized the significance of gender in shaping security issues and have sought to incorporate gender perspectives into their analyses. Feminist scholars and researchers have been at the forefront of this shift, highlighting the ways in which gender shapes security practices, conflict, peace-building, and the experiences of different groups in conflict-affected areas. While the field of international security has made progress in recognizing the importance of gender, efforts are still to be made to promote a more inclusive and gender-sensitive approach to security studies, which recognizes the diverse experiences and perspectives of different genders and contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of security challenges. This paper will examine the role of women in international security from a feminist perspective, introduce the content of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 and the UNs role in promoting gender equality including the implementation of the resolution and the challenges it encounters, and then discuss with Afghanistan as a case study to draw some conclusions and propose some recommendations.

Dynamics of the Policy Network in the Aspect of Global Crisis Phenomena (On the Example of NATO)

Introduction. A peculiarity of modern political reality is the interconnectedness of the processes of globalization and fragmentation in the world. In a new emerging paradigm of international relations, policy networks come to the fore. These are the network structures for managing public affairs, uniting a variety of political actors. The relevance of the study is due to the need for an objective evaluation of the development of the policy network in the context of global changes as well as forecasting potential threats in the field of international security. The aim of the work is to examine the dynamics of the policy network in the context of global crisis phenomena, using the example of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Methods. The theoretical basis of the research is the network approach and the concept of policy networks, which allow us to study the object from an interdisciplinary point of view and conduct structural studies at all levels of analysis. The complexity of the structure of policy networks requires the use of methods of scientific cognition – analysis and synthesis, media analytics such as the research of content, and expert opinions. Analysis. The policy network is characterized both by the resilience and stability of its structure, which allows it to function effectively in internal and external transformations, and by the complexity of the relations among its actors. Global policy networks are formed on the principles of mutually beneficial resource exchange to achieve common goals and solve individual problems. An example of how NATO has been functioning in the period 2020–2023 showcases trends towards the transformation of the policy network from disintegration to subsequent reintegration to obtain the desired result. In a crisis situation, NATO as a global policy network is experiencing the dynamics of “connected instability”, establishing new forms of actor relationships that require flexibility in political decision-making. Results. In conditions of global instability and uncertainty, policy networks play a supporting (safety-maintaining) role in the processes of supranational regulation, contributing to the creation of an effective architecture of multi-level governance. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to update the theory of the network approach to further develop mechanisms for describing the actors’ cooperation within the policy network.

South Korea's Eurasian Strategy: Evolving Geopolitics of Northeast Asia

The main academic interests of this study lie in the field of international security and Eurasian geopolitics. The article employs an interdisciplinary and policy-relevant approach. More specifically, the study trespasses several academic disciplines. It aims to be interdisciplinary, drawing from various branches of social sciences. Thematically, the article will investigate South Korea's Eurasian strategy within the evolving geopolitical realities of Northeast Asia. To this end, the case study approach allowing in-depth, multi-faceted explorations of complex Korean Peninsular politics will look at Eurasian policy initiatives under different South Korean administrations. The research questions in this project are exploratory. They aim to reveal and understand the factors that would help decipher the foreign policy orientation of South Korea vis-à-vis evolving geopolitics in Northeast Asia. The study will utilize document analysis by taking a systematic approach to understanding and interpreting the relevant documents to reveal answers to the specific research questions. Within the scope of the above-mentioned conceptual parameters, this project aims to contribute to a better understanding of the ever-changing geopolitical dynamics in Northeast Asia from the South Korean perspective.

Security Issues on the European Continent in Conditions of Russia’s Aggression Against Ukraine

Objective: This research paper examines the aggressive actions of the Russian Federation, particularly its aggression against Ukraine and hybrid aggression against Western countries. The objective of this study is to analyze the implications of Russia's actions on the security of Eastern and Central European states, with a focus on their political significance. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of the research involves understanding the concept of international security institutions and international agreements, and how Russia's disregard for these guidelines affects the global competitive environment. Method:The method used in this study is primarily qualitative analysis, incorporating an examination of relevant literature, reports, and international agreements to establish the context of Russia's aggressive behavior. Results and conclusion: The results of the analysis demonstrate that Russia's actions have significantly impacted the security of Eastern and Central European states, not only in terms of geographical considerations but also politically. The Kremlin's aspiration to establish dominance in Central and Eastern Europe has led to military aggression and a disregard for established international norms and agreements. Implications of the research: The implications of this research are crucial for policymakers, international security institutions, and countries affected by Russia's aggression. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening international cooperation, reinforcing existing security mechanisms, and countering Russia's disruptive actions to preserve the global world order. Originality/value: The originality and value of this research lie in its comprehensive analysis of the political significance of Russia's aggression against Eastern and Central European states. By shedding light on the implications and consequences of Russia's actions, this study contributes to a better understanding of the challenges posed by aggressive actors in the international arena and offers insights for policymakers and scholars working in the field of international security.

European Union military operations and global security: ambitions and reality

In the last twenty years, the European Union (EU) has made notable efforts in improving its military capabilities to react to crises. The Union launched crisis management missions and operations, aiming to play a relevant role in the field of international security. Thirteen military operations and missions were established amongst its overseas action to date. Notwithstanding, the results are questionable, i.e. the positive relationship between what the EU says, and its concrete action in practice. The paper aims to present what is the real role of EU military operations by arguing that although high ambitions the Union’s military interventions are still limited. It is demonstrated by using a model with proxies from inputs to impacts through which I analyse perceptions and intentions and how they have been translated into effective implementation. I used quantitative data combined with certain qualitative remarks collected from primary and secondary sources. It concludes that the EU military operations remain more as ambitions than to project its best features in favour of a better world security environment

EU Policies for Developing Capabilities to Counter Hybrid Threats

"Combating hybrid threats is one of the main dimensions of the European Union’s policies expressed in the recently developed document, called “A Strategic Compass for Security and Defence”, which guides the development of the Union’s capabilities in the field of international security. The new document entails combining the tools developed since 2016 to combat hybrid threats in an “EU Hybrid Toolbox”, which will also include new tools and modes of action. While the primary responsibility for countering hostile hybrid activity will continue to lie with member states, the EU aims to have a greater capacity to support and coordinate in order to prevent and respond adequately to new threats. The EU’s approach focuses on non-military aspects and on the development of military capabilities to respond to hybrid crises, an aspect that implies increasing the importance of cooperation with NATO in this field."

Politicile Uniunii Europene pentru dezvoltarea capacităților de contracarare a amenințărilor hibride

"Combating hybrid threats is one of the main dimensions of the European Union’s policies expressed in the recently developed document, called “A Strategic Compass for Security and Defence”, which guides the development of the Union’s capabilities in the field of international security. The new document entails combining the tools developed since 2016 to combat hybrid threats in an “EU Hybrid Toolbox”, which will also include new tools and modes of action. While the primary responsibility for countering hostile hybrid activity will continue to lie with member states, the EU aims to have a greater capacity to support and coordinate in order to prevent and respond adequately to new threats. The EU’s approach focuses on non-military aspects and on the development of military capabilities to respond to hybrid crises, an aspect that implies increasing the importance of cooperation with NATO in this field."

European Integration in the Field of Regional Security Using the Example of NORDEFCO

The subject of the study is the integration processes of regional security in the European space, based on the research papers of B. Buzan and O. Weaver. The paper looks at different alliances of European countries with a view to achieving cooperation on point areas common to a particular region. The chosen topic is explored through the prism of the Copenhagen School of Security theories, especially those of the regional security complex and securitisation. One of the trends in contemporary international relations is regionalisation in the field of international security. An understanding of this process will therefore make it possible to anticipate the development of state policy towards intergovernmental organisations. The focus of the scholarly article is on analysing the functioning of the Nordic Defence Cooperation (NORDEFCO), as the association of the Nordic countries serves as a model for effective progressive integration in the Nordic region. The progress of the organisation is to broaden the notion of security for political action. It now includes threats and challenges not only of a military defence nature, but also of an economic, environmental, legal, social and ethno-political nature. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the identification and analysis of Nordic Defence Cooperation (NORDEFCO) in the context of a regional security subcomplex, namely in identifying further prospects for this integration group in enhancing the defence capabilities of its member states. NORDEFCO acted as a structural prototype for many European defence alliances. However, Nordic defence cooperation has not become an alternative to NATO in Northern Europe, as evidenced by Sweden and Finland's application to join the North Atlantic Alliance in 2022. Consequently, the Nordic states have not finally achieved autonomy in establishing their own security system in the region.

Norms and normalization in cyberspace: post-conventionality or lawlessness? (“Melian Dialogue” on Cyber Law)

Since the end of the 20th century, the Russian Federation has proclaimed the creation of an international information security system based on a global agreements under the auspices of the UN as one of the general directions of its policy in the field of international security. In turn, the United States put forward its own initiative to develop and adopt norms and rules for the conduct of states in the cyber sphere. The article notes that official Washington, with the support of a number of Western countries, managed to standardize its system of rules without international legitimation, using the peculiarities of the political situation and the willingness of Russia and the SCO countries to compromise, as well as replacing the global problem of information security for the post-industrial society with a question based on national interest. cybersecurity. The article concludes that, despite the fact that the issues of norms and normalization have been worked out quite deeply within world science, the argument put forward by the American expert community ignores generally accepted scientific results and promotes the ideas of post-democracy, interpreted in a specific way.

ВНЕСОК АВСТРАЛІЇ ЯК ОСНОВНОГО СОЮЗНИКА США ПОЗА НАТО У ДОПОМОГУ УКРАЇНІ В ПРОТИСТОЯННІ РОСІЙСЬКІЙ ВІЙСЬКОВІЙ АГРЕСІЇ В 2014 – 2023 РР.

The article examines and analyzes the main types and means of assistance from Australia to Ukraine in its fight against Russian aggression. It outlines Australia’s priorities in the field of international security and its responses to Russia’s military expansion against Ukraine. The methodological basis of the article is based on the principles of systematic research of the modern history of international relations. Historical-genetic, comparative, and descriptive methods, as well as methods of critical analysis of sources and comparative analysis are used. The scientific novelty of the study consists of conducting a comprehensive analysis of Australia’s contribution to the resistance to Russian military aggression and monitoring trends in the development of relations between Australia and NATO states under the crisis conditions of modern geopolitical realities. Conclusions. The government of Australia considers the Russo-Ukrainian war as having significance beyond European security, taking on global importance. It declares its support and practically implements comprehensive and wide-ranging assistance to Ukraine. Among the main directions of this support are political and humanitarian measures, as well as the consolidation of international support through the establishment of sustainable cooperation with partners in areas related to ensuring national security and defense, and protecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine. Australia, alongside its American and European partners, demonstrated its ability to contribute to the formation of international support against Russian aggression. In particular, it provided substantial military assistance to Ukraine. This is the most significant contribution from the countries of the Indo-Pacific region to Ukraine’s security.

The Cult of the Irrelevant or Political Narrative?

This commentary discusses Michael Desch’s book The Cult of the Irrelevant: The Waning Influence of Social Science on National Security. Desch offers a respectable and important overview of the history of national security within the social sciences from World War I through current times. He focuses on the gradual irrelevancy of political science and particularly the field of international security. Desch, however, neglects the recent university activism and political narratives infusing academic writings and classroom discussions. This review argues that what contributes to the irrelevancy of social science and particularly national security is the new “cult” itself: demands placed on academia and students to become political activists, and not social scientists nor theorists who contribute rigorous academic research affecting domestic and foreign policy. It is the political advocacy narrative itself, embraced by university cultures, that pushes social science and the study of national security down the path of irrelevancy.

Humanitarian and Social Components of International Security

Since the second half of the XX century, the importance of social and humanitarian resources has been increasing. This process intensified in the XXI century, which is reflected in the sphere of international security. The study analyzes the mechanisms through which the social and humanitarian resources affect international security problems, solving or escalating them. If the Copenhagen School began to include the social and humanitarian phenomena in the security sphere, this research focuses on how social and humanitarian resources are used in the security sphere (including in the military field). At the same time, it claims that the growing involvement of social and humanitarian resources in security issues does not mean a decrease in the importance of military and political instruments. The author considers the evolution of the use of social and humanitarian resources in the field of international security from the Cold War period to the present. They show that, in general, the social and humanitarian resources are becoming more diverse in their tools, as well as more and more important in solving international security problems. They note that in conflict situations social and humanitarian resources are used in two ways: 1) for the peaceful settlement of conflicts and 2) in order to win. In addition to conflicts, social and humanitarian resources can also be applied to such areas of international security as terrorism, migration, biogenic threats, threats related.

Legal Requirements for Algorithmically Prepared Decisions in the Field of Internal Security

Article Legal Requirements for Algorithmically Prepared Decisions in the Field of Internal Security was published on April 1, 2022 in the journal Computer Law Review International (volume 23, issue 2).

Актуальные вопросы режимов нераспространения и контроля над вооружениями: системный подход

We publish a summary report on the second joint seminar of the Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC), Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO RAS) and “World Economy and International Relations” Journal, dedicated to the relevant issues in the field of international security. The discussion collected such prominent experts in the field as Fyodor Voitolovsky, Director of IMEMO RAS, RAS Corresponding Member; Andrey Kortunov, RIAC Director General; Sergey Rogov, Academician, Director of the RAS Institute of the U.S. and Canadian Studies; Evgeny Buzhinsky, Chairman of PIR Center, RIAC Vice President; Dmitry Danilov, Head of the European Security Department of the RAS Institute of Europe; and Vasily Kashin, Deputy Director of the Center of Comprehensive European and International Studies, HSE University, and Leading Reseach Fellow at the RAS Institute of Far Eastern Studies.

Application of the principles of international law in the field of ensuring international security

The article substantiates the importance of universally recognized international principles in the field of international security. The scientific article outlines legal framework of international security law and grounds for increasing the number of basic principles of international law.

Implementation of state policy in the field of combating cyber crime: legislative aspect

The article substantiates the importance of universally recognized international principles in the field of international security. The scientific article outlines legal framework of international security law and grounds for increasing the number of basic principles of international law.

NATO’s Concept Development and Experimentation approach in the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy? – an institutional isomorphism perspective

ABSTRACT The paper analyses the Concept Development and Experimentation (CD&E) approach which has been developed and implemented in NATO over the last 20 years. NATO’s CD&E approach is explained as an organisational innovation and institutional response to external and internal pressures. Within the theoretical framing of institutional isomorphism, the paper analyses the adoption of CD&E in the European Union’s (EU) Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). The research hypothesis is that the EU will adopt and apply NATO’s CD&E approach in the EU’s defence planning and capability development process. The empirical findings from the analysis of the EU policy practice, however, show that CD&E has actually been adopted from NATO and applied by the EU to a very limited extent. The low degree of isomorphism between NATO and the EU with regard to applying CD&E is explained by a complex set of factors. The research results have broader implications, suggesting that under the current institutional settings it is highly unlikely CD&E to be adopted by other international organisations in the field of international security.

Policy of international organizations on information security

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of international information security. It is part of overall international security. International information security is a state of international relations that excludes a violation of global stability and threats to the security of states in the information space.Information threats are a new challenge to international peace and security. Therefore, for effective counteraction, it is necessary to adapt to modern realities. Since international organizations are created to unite the efforts of states to achieve certain goals, they (organizations) must also adapt to changes. They must transform their policy in the field of international security and, in particular, in the field of information security. Accordingly, the subject of this research is the transformation of the policy of international organizations in the field of information security.International organizations are adapting to new threats in two directions:1) transformation of the structure of the international organization itself;2) transformation of the security policy of international organizations.The transformation of the security policy of international organizations can be divided into internal and external.The internal transformation of the security policy of international organizations presupposes a reorientation (or additions) of their goals of activity. If earlier, speaking of global security, they meant only military-political security, today it is also food security, climate security, space, energy and information security.External transformation of the security policy of international organizations presupposes close cooperation with regional organizations, departments and governments of states (according to the level of communication) in the field of information security.Defending its information interests, each state must take care of information security. The strengthening of the Ukrainian statehood also requires the same. A balanced state information policy of Ukraine should be formed as an integral part of its national security. And also as a part of socio-economic policy in accordance with the priorities of national interests and threats. From a legal point of view, it is based on the principles of a rule-of-law democratic state and is implemented through the development and implementation of relevant national doctrines, strategies, concepts and programs in accordance with applicable law.