Field Facility Research Articles

Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage for Pulsed Power Magnet Applications

As part of the exploration of energy efficient and versatile power sources for future pulsed field magnets of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory-Pulsed Field Facility (NHMFL-PFF) at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), the feasibility of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) for pulsed-field magnets and other pulsed power loads is examined. Basic SMES parameters needed to power one of the coil groups of the large 100 T magnet were determined. A circuit topology for the power transfer between the SMES and the magnet was devised, and the basic performance of the topology was simulated to reproduce the pulse shape currently used in the 100 T magnet. The Finite element analysis (FEA) method was used to calculate the magnetic field distribution of several preferred coil configurations for effective SMES design. Magnetic field distribution and the field dependent critical current density of commercial high temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes were used to understand the conductor/cable requirements for the SMES.

Clinical Diagnosis of Severe Diseases According to IMCI among Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital- A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: IMCI is a systemic approach to children’s health which focuses not only on curative care but also on prevention of disease. The objectives of the strategy are to reduce death and the frequency and severity of illness and disability. The IMCI integrates management of five most important causes of childhood deaths, namely acute respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases, measles, malaria and malnutrition. IMCI is based on clinical assessment and classification of illness that is independent of laboratory assistance. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to find out the clinical diagnosis of very severe diseases according to IMCI from 2 months to 5 years old children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study and was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh during the period from February, 2014 to July, 2014. We included 100 children having any general danger signs with cough or difficult breathing in our study. Result: In our study we found the mean age was 15.7 months. Most of 57% were male and 43% were female. Most 55(81.81%) of the patients have two or more co-existent general danger sign as per IMCI algorithm. The patients having any general danger sign along with cough or difficult breathing IMCI classified them severe pneumonia but physicians diagnosed them as bronchopneumonia 5%, bronchopneumonia with impending heart failure 6%, bronchopneumonia with heart failure 6%, acute bronchiolitis 1%, pleural effusion 1%, pulmonary TB 1%, pneumonic consolidation 1%. The patients having fever with danger sign IMCI classify them as very severe diseases but physicians clinically diagnosed them as febrile convulsion 30%, meningitis 25%, encephalitis 13%, septicaemia 5%, seizure disorder 3%, meningoencephalitis 2%. Conclusion: IMCI approach has been developed for field and primary care facilities to systematically evaluate and treat patients or identify those requiring higher level of health ...

Realisation of the reconfigurable pulsed high magnetic field facility and its scientific application at Wuhan National Pulsed High Magnetic Field Centre

AbstractTo generate arbitrary shape magnetic field waveforms for advanced scientific research, a reconfigurable pulsed high magnetic field facility (PHMFF) was developed at Wuhan National Pulsed High Magnetic Field Centre (WHMFC). First, the basic elements of PHMFF are introduced, and a ternary physical model composed of energy storage unit, magnet, transmission circuits and other auxiliary units is summarised to describe various magnetic field systems. Second, in order to realise the reconfiguration of magnetic field systems based on detailed elements, the control system with the ability of dynamic construction and control sequence reconfiguration is designed. On this basis, the PHMFF has been realised and various magnetic field systems are constructed to produce arbitrary shape magnetic field waveforms, such as half‐sine, ultra‐high, flat‐top and repetitive field pulses, which not only enhances the capability and efficiency of PHMFF, but also makes more scientific research possible in pulsed magnetic fields. So far, a peak magnetic field of 94.8 T, a flat‐top magnetic field of 64 T/10 ms and a repetitive magnetic field waveform of 20 T/60 Hz have been achieved, and some experiments and studies on the physical properties of materials have been carried out at WHMFC.

Service Quality Analysis of Animal Health Centers in West Java Province with the SERVQUAL Method

The Animal Health Center (Puskeswan) is one of the government-owned public services engaged in animal health services. Puskeswan has an important role in the National Animal Health System (Siskeswanas). Based on data from the Ministry of Agriculture, the number of Puskeswan in Indonesia is 1691. BPS 2021 population data, there is a significant development of livestock population in West Java Province of 1.34% per year, this is not offset by an increase in Puskeswan officers in the field and limited facilities and infrastructure causing problems in the services provided by Puskeswan. This study aims to analyze the quality of Puskeswan services in West Java Province using the ServQual method. This research method uses questionnaire and analysis of the Community Satisfaction Index (IKM), Science and the ServQual method. The dimensions used in the Servqual Method include tangible, empathy, responsibility, responsiveness, and assurance with 15 question attributes. From the results of this research, the scope of the Puskeswan work area is very wide, at least three sub-districts with the number of officers not proportional to the number of animal / livestock populations. This will affect the quality of Puskeswan services provided. The quality of Puskeswan services in West Java Province shows an indication of the Good category with an IKM value of 80.16 but a gap value (gap) of 0.21 means that apa that is expected to be important by respondents is still not perceived performance. Based on the analysis of Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), several attributes that fall into quadrant II that need to be maintained include the friendliness of officers in providing services (E1), the attention of officers in providing services (E2), the accuracy of handling officers in treating sick animals / livestock (Rel2), the reliability of officers in providing service information (Rail 3), a feeling of security when the respondent gets service (A2). In an effort to improve the quality of Puskeswan services, a managerial implication strategy is needed which can be divided into three long, medium-, and short-term stages depending on the urgency and ability of each Puskeswan. Keywords: Puskeswan, Siskeswanas, ServQual, Quality layanan, IKM, IPA.

Characteristics Of Some Warm Climate Grass Plants Commonly Used In Green Field Plant

The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of Cynodon, Zoysia and Paspalum genera and species, which are widely used in multi-purpose turf field facilities in temperate climate zones. All of these varieties are defined as warm climate grass. The genus Cynodan includes the most widely used species, especially with its resistance to high temperatures. Compared to other hot climate grass plants, Zoysia is successfully used in the formation of green areas with species that have very good shade tolerance and low temperature tolerance. Paspalum includes species that stand out with their resistance to salinity, drought and oppression, and it is successfully applied in erosion control as well as creating turf fields for different purposes.

Analysis of the Development Status and Prospect of China’s Agricultural Sensor Market under Smart Agriculture

Agricultural sensors are essential technologies for smart agriculture, which can transform non-electrical physical quantities such as environmental factors. The ecological elements inside and outside of plants and animals are converted into electrical signals for control system recognition, providing a basis for decision-making in smart agriculture. With the rapid development of smart agriculture in China, agricultural sensors have ushered in opportunities and challenges. Based on a literature review and data statistics, this paper analyzes the market prospects and market scale of agricultural sensors in China from four perspectives: field farming, facility farming, livestock and poultry farming and aquaculture. The study further predicts the demand for agricultural sensors in 2025 and 2035. The results reveal that China's sensor market has a good development prospect. However, the paper garnered the key challenges of China's agricultural sensor industry, including a weak technical foundation, poor enterprise research capacity, high importation of sensors and a lack of financial support. Given this, the agricultural sensor market should be comprehensively distributed in terms of policy, funding, expertise and innovative technology. In addition, this paper highlighted integrating the future development direction of China's agricultural sensor technology with new technologies and China's agricultural development needs.

Analysis on the operation parameters of cooling water system in 45.22T hybrid magnet experiment

Chinese Steady High Magnetic Field Facility produced a steady field of 45.22 T by its hybrid magnet, which was the highest steady magnetic field in the world. The cooling water system was used to maintain the cool temperature environment for the insert resistive magnet coils and it was completed the upgrading in the year 2020 after ensuring the 40 T hybrid magnet experiment. The performance parameters and characteristics of the transformed cooling water system has been introduced. The variation trend of the magnet circulating water flow rate and the deionized water quality in 45.22 T hybrid magnet experiment has been analyzed, and also the heat exchange effect between the primary chilled water circuits and the secondary deionized water circuits were calculated. Some problems in cooling water system operation in this time hybrid magnet experiment have been pointed out.

The role of copper in the formation of the Nb3Sn superconducting phase

Nb3Sn has been widely used in high magnetic field facilities due to its excellent superconducting properties. Moreover, copper has become an indispensable constituent element in the fabrication of Nb3Sn superconductors. However, the role of copper in the formation of the Nb3Sn phase is still not thoroughly understood. In this work, Nb–Sn–Cu ternary samples with different molar ratios of copper were prepared by sintering elemental Nb, Sn and Cu mixed powders, and the effect of copper on the formation of the Nb3Sn phase was systematically investigated. It was found that the addition of copper had a significant effect on the formation of Nb3Sn. When the amount of added copper was small, the formation of the Nb3Sn phase was efficiently promoted with the aid of the liquid phase, and a high-purity sample of Nb3Sn could be formed by the transition from the Nb–Sn binary phases. However, at the same time, the bulk samples with a low ratio of copper possessed poor compactness due to the pressure build-up and tin burst generated by the liquid phase during heat treatment. With increasing copper content, the promotion effect became relatively weaker. More high melting temperature Cu–Sn phases were formed, and Nb3Sn was gradually formed by solid-state diffusion between Nb and the Cu–Sn matrix. Finally, it was found that the sample of Nb:Sn:Cu = 3:1:3 (mol. %) with a grain size of 70–120 nm possessed the highest critical current density due to its high phase purity and fine grain size of Nb3Sn.

Оценка профессионального риска дефектоскопистов на предприятии по добыче газа

The assessment was conducted concerning the occupational risk of personnel at a gas field facility using five methodologies. To date, there is no unified methodology for assessing occupational risk, this is the main problem in the field of occupational risk management in the Russian Federation. All existing methods consider the theoretical side of risk assessment, while a wide range of practical issues remain unresolved. A comparative description of the five most common methodologies is presented in the article: the risk assessment methodology according to the Fine — Kinney system; guide R 2.2.1766—03; methodology for the integral assessment of working conditions taking into account the combined effect of a complex of harmful production factors; risk assessment methodology consideringthe multifactorial action of a complex of harmful factors of the production environment; methodology for calculating individual occupational risk depending on the working conditions and the health status of the employee. To assess the occupational risk, the workplaces of flaw detectorists were chosen, since they are exposed to the greatest number of harmful factors in the production environment, which is required for the most complete risk assessment and identification of the dependence of its magnitude on various factors. To assess the occupational risk for flaw detectorists, the methodologies were used that consider both general and individual risk; the methodologies that give qualitative and quantitative characteristics of risk. A comparative analysis of the obtained results of risk assessment using these methodologies was carried out.

Afetlerde Bebek Beslenmesi ve Bakımı

On February 6th, 2023, two major earthquakes occurred in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, a 7.7 magnitude earthquake centered in Pazarcık and a 7.6 magnitude earthquake centered in Elbistan, which was described as the “disaster of the century.” They are considered the worst earthquakes in Turkey’s history due to the high number of deaths and the effects spread to 11 provinces. According to the report issued by the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) on March 1st, 2023, more than 45.000 people died, numerous houses and workplaces collapsed, and the intact buildings were severely damaged. Following health assessments of survivors, it was clear that there was an increased need for shelter, food, hygiene products, and heating, due to the winter. Feeding and hygiene are essential for many surviving infants, who need the care and protection of an adult. Breastfeeding is the safest recommended form of infant feeding during disasters. It is essential to maintain and support breastfeeding during disasters. Breastfeeding is the safest form of infant feeding, especially when the infant is living in crowded and unhygienic conditions with a high risk of infection, and in the case of diarrheal diseases. In addition, infant care should continue meticulously under the harsh conditions of disasters. In this regard, nurses have an important role in maintaining the breastfeeding of infants and young children in disasters, as they are closest to children and families in the field and health facilities. Considering the impact of climate change on the frequency and intensity of natural disasters, this review study will shed light on the appropriate methods to maintain the feeding and care of infants and young children after disasters. This study is also expected to raise awareness about the feeding and care of infants, who are a vulnerable group during and after disasters. This study aims to investigate the issue of infant feeding and care during disasters in light of the literature. Keywords: infant, infant care, natural disaster, breastfeeding

ОПТИМИЗАЦИОННЫЙ АЛГОРИТМ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЧАСТОТНО-РЕГУЛИРУЕМЫМ ЭЛЕКТРОПРИВОДОМ В ЭЛЕКТРОТЕХНИЧЕСКОМ КОМПЛЕКСЕ ДВУХСТУПЕНЧАТОГО ОХЛАЖДЕНИЯ ГАЗА

Relevance To cool the gas to the required temperature values in gas production and transportation in Russia, the most widespread has been implemented in the device of air-cooled gas. The installed capacity of electric drives of fans of gas air cooling devices reaches 70 % of the total installed capacity of gas field facilities. Therefore, the issue of increasing the energy efficiency of electrical complex of gas air cooling device by introducing a frequencycontrolled electric drive is relevant. Aim of research To develop a method of frequency control and to investigate the technological features of the operation of gas air cooling devices with a two-stage cooling scheme that ensures minimal electricity consumption. Research methods Mathematical methods of calculation and analysis, Mathcad software package. Results Based on the developed optimization algorithm for selecting the rotational speeds of the motors of the section of the gas air cooling apparatus, it is shown that the most effective increase in thermal efficiency can be used with separate frequency control of the fans of the section of each stage. For separate frequency control, the objective function of optimal control of the frequency-controlled electric drive of the gas air cooling apparatus according to the criterion of minimum power consumption has been developed.

Corrosion Destruction of Steel Equipment and Pipelines at Gas Field Facilities in the Presence of Aggressive Components

Corrosion Destruction of Steel Equipment and Pipelines at Gas Field Facilities in the Presence of Aggressive Components

Using 7T MRI to Evaluate COVID‐19 and Brain

AbstractBackgroundSARS‐CoV‐2 causes neurological, psychiatric and neurocognitive deficits in a large proportion of patients via direct or indirect viral invasion, systemic or intracranial inflammation, micro‐ or macrovascular pathologies, and hypoxic or systemic metabolic complications. The insult to brain function during the acute phase of COVID‐19 may accelerate neurodegenerative process and potentially increase the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease or Related Dementias. Ultrahigh Field (7T) MRI has an enhanced sensitivity and spatial resolution over and above clinical 3T MRI, allowing detection of small changes in brain sub‐structures and integrity.MethodsThe 7T COVID Consortium is an international collaboration across 5 sites which aims to study Ultrahigh Field neuroimaging correlates of clinical phenotypes, neuroimmunology, viral and host genetics, and neurodegenerative markers in a diverse, multi‐ethnic cohort of adults following SARS‐CoV2 infection. Multiple population cohorts include matched individuals following a clinically similar non‐COVID19 illness, and healthy controls including Framingham cohort and further comparative data from an independently‐funded genetically inherited Alzheimer’s disease. Synergized imaging sequences across the sites with Ultrahigh Field (7T) facilities, standardized bio‐sampling protocols, and adaptation of centralised REDCAP with WHO protocols and other studies within the COVID consortia1permit harmonised data analyses.ResultsPilot data from the UK site, in Nottingham, included individuals who presented with neurological disorders associated with SARS‐CoV2 Alpha variant of concern (B.1.1.7). Clinical phenotypes and biochemical measures of patients during the acute phase of COVID‐19 were documented2and a prospective follow up for neurocognitive assessments and 7T MRI were arranged. Compared with healthy controls, hospitalised patients showed neuroimaging features of cerebral white matter hyperintensities suggestive of neurovascular ischaemia or neuroinflammation. These radiological cerebral white matter hyperintensities could progress 7 months after the acute illness despite clinical silence. Long COVID appeared to have increased susceptibility, that is suggestive of iron accumulation or inflammation, within the basal ganglia structures.ConclusionPilot data suggest persistent or emergent neuroimaging abnormalities within a year after SARS‐CoV2 infection. Serial follow up may clarify long‐term impact of COVID‐19.Funding: NIH/NIA, USA (R56AG074467), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR), Medical Research Council, UK (MR/T005580/1).

New Method Determines Optimized Reference SDM for MIMO Testing

Abstract The paper presents a new method for vibration testing of articles such as satellites, aerospace subsystems, transportation subsystems, civil structures, or articles whose reliability in operation may be evaluated using either mechanical or acoustic vibration testing. The method can be used for direct field or reverberant acoustic test facility testing (acoustic) systems or multiple-exciter (mechanical) testing systems to perform vibration testing. The method improves the ability of Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) acoustic testing systems to create diffuse or other types of acoustic fields and MIMO mechanical testing systems to produce vibration responses conforming to an initial reference Spectral Density Matrix (SDM) specification in the least mean-square error (LMSE) sense. It provides an updated positive definite or semi-definite reference SDM that enables such tests to run with less error, using minimum required drive power, as a function of the initial definition of the reference SDM, by modifying its coherence and phase off-diagonal terms, to approximate initially defined off-diagonal terms in the LMSE sense, but maintaining its initially defined diagonal terms exactly, while accounting for physical limitations existing in the overall MIMO testing system.

A Comparison of State-of-the-Art Evaluation Criteria for Field Uniformity Assessment

Field uniformity is essential in guaranteeing the validity of test results for electromagnetic field facilities. And, its evaluation has attracted a great deal of attention in various electromagnetic compatibility test standards and researches. Thus, this leads to many different rules to assess the important performance, which inevitably prone to bring some inconvenience in understanding, application, calculation or evaluation, in particular, not much relative words could not be found in the context. In this article, the relationship and rationale of these criteria are clarified and elucidated by statistical analysis and comparison. The discussions and conclusions are advantageous to help evaluate the field uniformity more clearly and accurately.

Marketing Strategy of Sharia Pawn Products in Attracting Customer Interest

The marketing strategy between sharia and conventional is very different in the process, but has the same goal, namely how to increase the number of customers. This study aims to determine the marketing strategy of sharia pawn products in attracting customers at the BMT Nu Pragaan Sumenep branch. This study uses qualitative methods, namely case studies and using techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the marketing strategy for rahn products implemented by the BMT NU Pragaan Branch uses face-to-face communication via online, grebek pasar / field trips, supporting factors or facilities that assist managers in conducting marketing at BMT NU Pragaan Branch are Brochures and Website The official website contains complete information about all the products available at BMT NU. Marketing constraints for BMT NU Pragaan Sumenep branch in attracting customer interest, namely the number of competitors/competitors, but this does not affect customer interest because the number of customers continues to increase every year.

Feasibility Analysis of Soft Water Cellar in Dryland Area

During the construction of high standard farmland, by introducing new software rainwater harvesting cellar technology, combining big data and intelligence, laying drip irrigation belts and other field facilities in the field, efficient water-saving irrigation was realized according to local conditions, and the problem of supplementary irrigation in key growth periods of agricultural production was solved.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Glass Reinforced Composites

In our Pulsed Field Facility, we use epoxy fillers to create smooth, strong winding transitions between layers of coils in our consumable pulsed magnets. For structural support, we often use materials like G10, a high-pressure fiberglass laminate consisting of multiple glass layer cloths soaked in epoxy. In liquid nitrogen, such materials have good mechanical and dielectric strength. To accommodate gaps at transitions, epoxy fillers typically have complex shapes, which render their fabrication expensive and time-consuming. In addition, the machining of epoxies like G10 can be hazardous. In this study, we replaced machining with 3D printing, using thermo-plastic, strengthened by glass fiber, as the raw material. Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) material as well as nylon material were used as the matrix. The strengthening components were chopped E-glass fibers or beads. We found that 3D printing can significantly reduce manufacturing cost for our magnets. Because our magnets must operate between 77 K and 295 K, we measured mechanical and thermal properties for both the nylon and the PEEK composites at both temperatures. The measured direction of the samples was parallel to the printing direction. The measured maximum compressive strength was about 258 MPa. Although the strength is lower than G10, the techniques we developed in this study would apply to 3D printing technology for various cryogenic applications like winding transition or experimental probes that are not exposed to very high stress in high field magnets.

Design and Study of a Series Active Filter for the 10MW-Level High Power and High Stability DC Power Supply

The output power of high stability dc power supply system, which drives the water-cooled magnet of Steady High Magnetic Field Facility (SHMFF), can reach up to tens of megawatt, so that the circuit usually adopts the realization scheme of Silicon-controlled rectifier plus LC filter. For the improvement of magnet current ripple, a novel series active filter (SAPF) is proposed, which adopts high-frequency switching technology and uses a switching power supply instead of a transistor or transformer in the traditional scheme in series at the output of the main power supply. The novel scheme has advantages of lower control complexity and less power loss, and thus higher engineering feasibility. In this paper, the system topology structure, operating principle and control policy are presented at first. Then the key part of the design is discussed, that is, how to accurately extract the output voltage ripple of the main power supply without delay. At last, a small prototype is made to verify the feasibility of the scheme.

Reliability Analysis of a Pulsed High Magnetic Field Facility at WHMFC

To accurately evaluate the reliability of Pulsed High Magnetic Field Facility (PHMFF) at the Wuhan National Pulsed High Magnetic Field Centre (WHMFC), a reliability analysis method based on a Markov chain is introduced in this paper. Because PHMFF is developed to generate a pulsed high magnetic field for scientific experiments by dynamically constructing diversified magnetic field systems, the reliability of PHMFF is in fact determined by the actual operating magnetic field system. Considering that all magnetic field systems are composed of pulsed power modules, magnets, control modules and experimental test systems, in this paper, the reliability of these critical modules is first discussed. In the analysis of modules, the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method is used to determine the main failure modes, and then a Markov chain is established to analyze and calculate the reliability of the modules. Finally, based on the reliability of critical modules, the reliability of two typical magnetic field systems was estimated according to the reliability block diagram. The calculation results show that the reliability of all modules is above 95%, and although in complex magnetic field systems, the reliability still meets the experimental requirements.