Fiber Quality Index Research Articles

Effects of Cropping System (Organic and Conventional) on the Fiber Quality Index, Spinning Consistency Index and Multiplicative Analytic Hierarchy Process of Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.)

Markets for organically produced high quality cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) are projected to increase. Field experiments were conducted in Palamas, Karditsa in Central Greece, to compare the effects of two cropping systems on fiber quality of three cotton cultivars. The experiments, conducted during three years, were laid out in a split plot design with four replicates, two main plots (organic and conventional system) and three sub-plots (cotton cultivars). Findings suggest that fiber quality index (FQI), spinning consistency index (SCI) and multiplicative analytic hierarchy process (MAHP) are three indices that could be integrated in a useful protocol for the evaluation of different cropping systems for cotton cultivation. In particular, our results indicate that in general there was not any superiority of conventional compared to the organic cropping system regarding fiber quality as shown by the above mentioned indices. Regarding the length of the cotton fiber, this was positively correlated with micronair and the uniformity index of the cotton fiber. The organic system resulted to higher values of SCI than the ones of the conventional (1547.9 and 1522.3, respectively). The present 3-years study shows that organic cultivation of cotton can ensure high fiber quality and this was clearly confirmed by means of the several important indices.

Características anatômicas para produção de celulose do lenho de reação de árvores inclinadas de eucalipto

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características anatômicas para produção de celulose dos lenhos normal e de reação (de tração e oposto), do clone de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla, com fuste inclinado por ação de ventos. As árvores foram agrupadas em quatro faixas de inclinação, que variaram de 0 a 50º. Foram analisadas as características anatômicas dos elementos de vasos e das fibras no sentido longitudinal do tronco, nos lados superior e inferior à inclinação, nos lenhos de tração e oposto, respectivamente. A frequência e o diâmetro tangencial dos vasos, bem como as dimensões das fibras e os seus respectivos índices de qualidade, foram influenciados pela inclinação. Nos lenhos de tração e oposto, os vasos apresentaram diâmetro reduzido e aumento da frequência. Observou-se diferença no comprimento das fibras, entre os lenhos de tração, oposto e normal, com influência nos índices de qualidade de fibra. A grande variabilidade na dimensão das fibras e dos vasos no lenho de reação contribui para reduzir a qualidade da madeira dos fustes inclinados, para obtenção de polpa celulósica.

Relationship Between the N Concentration of the Leaf Subtending Boll and the Cotton Fiber Quality

This experiments were conducted in Nanjing (118°50′E, 32°02′N) and Xuzhou (117°11 ′E, 34°15′N), Jiangsu Province, China, to study the response of fiber quality to the N concentration of the leaf subtending boll in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Results suggested that the N dilution curve of the leaf subtending boll can accurately indicate the stage-specific plant N status for fiber development. Fiber strength is likely to be the most variable fiber quality index responding to the leaf N variation which is different in cultivars. Fiber length was the most stable index among strength, length, micronaire, and elongation. There existed an optimum leaf N concentration for fiber strength development in each stage. The optimum leaf N regression curve was very close to the N dilution curve in the middle positional fruiting branches under the 240 kg N ha−1 soil N application rate.

Application of analytic hierarchy process for the selection of cotton fibers

In many engineering applications, the final decision is based on the evaluation of a number of alternatives in terms of a number of criteria. This problem may become very intricate when the selection criteria are expressed in terms of different units or the pertinent data are difficult to be quantified. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an effective way in dealing with such kind of complicated problems. Cotton fiber is selected or graded, in the spinning industries, based on several qual- ity criteria. However, the existing selection or grading method based on Fiber quality Index (FqI) is rather crude and ambigu- ous. This paper presents a novel approach of cotton fiber selection using the AHP methodology of Multi Criteria Decision Making.

Relating quality changes to storage time for baled alfalfa (1995)

The relationships between storage time and several chemical indices for forage quality were established for alfalfa hay baled at two moisture levels (29.9 and 19.7%) in conventional and laboratory bale s made at 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 times the density o f parent, conventional bales. Bales were sampled after 0, 4, 11, 22, and 60 days. For the high-moisture bales, most quality indices indicated substantial nutrient loss early in the storage period, particularly between days 4 and 11, with little change after 22 days. A nonlinear mathematical model was constructed to describe how neutral detergent fiber and several other quality indices changed with storage time. Acid detergent fiber was related poorly to storage time. Little change occurred in the low (19.7%) moisture bales.

Optimizing Cotton Blend Costs with Respect to Quality Using HVI Fiber Properties and Linear Programming

In this part of the study, quality constraints in which HVI fiber properties are treated collectively are used in linear programming. These constraints are fiber quality index and yarn strength, and conditions associated with them are discussed. In addition, variability within cotton components in the blend is formulated into a variability constraint. Including such constraints enhances the optimization procedure and serves as a useful tool for controlling blend variability by including more of the less variable components in the blend.

A Critical Evaluation of the Relationship Between Fiber Quality Parameters and Hairiness of Cotton Yarns

A certain level of hairiness in yarn is generally acknowledged as unavoidable because of the practical limitations of mechanical processing machines. Spinners are therefore interested to know the effect of fiber properties on yarn hairiness when selecting suitable raw materials. The literature on parameters such as fiber fineness and short fibre percent reports contradictory trends, while the influence on hairiness of other param eters such as uniformity ratio and fiber quality index is not considered. In this paper, we have investigated the influence of fiber characteristics on the hairiness of cotton yarns.

Genetic Association between Yield and Fiber Strength in Upland Cotton1

Genetic variances anl correlations were measured on the segregating progeny of a cross between two upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars. One cultivar (‘TH‐149‐8‐5’) had high lint yield and high fiber strength, whereas the other parental cultivar (‘Lankart 57’) had low lint yield and low fiber strength. Previous studies of genetic correlations between lint yield and fiber strength in upland cotton have shown that there is a negative association between these two traits. However, in the previous studies, high yield and high fiber strength were introduced from opposite parents in the cross. The present study was undertaken to determine if alteration of this relationship between parental means would change the observed genetic association in the progeny population. Eighty‐nine progeny families, generated by selling individual F2 plants, were evaluated in two replicates in each of three environments for lint yield, several yield components, and fiber quality indices. Population means were generally intermediate to the parental means, and significant genetic variance was found for each trait. Genotypic correlations generally agreed in both sign and magnitude with past estimates. The genotypic correlations between lint yield and the fiber quality traits were generally negative. Both 2.5% span length and fiber strength (T1) were negatively correlated with yield (both −0.36). Significance of the correlations and the expected gain from selection were discussed.