Fergana Valley Research Articles

Fergana valley traditional national costumes and religious-divine images

In this article was stressed about Uzbek applied arts, historical clothes, hats, ornaments. Uzbek applied art has been praising since, ancient times and it is given special significance in the historical context in which Uzbek culture was developing. In one word, this article tries to explain style and a variety of national clothes, Uzbek view to design specialty as an example of historical national design.

Distribution of the Species Genus <i>Scutellaria</i> L. (Lamiaceae) Flora of the Ferghana Valley

The article examines the representatives of the genus of Scutellaria L. distributed in the Ferghana Valley. On the basis of samples collected during field research and stored in the National Herbarium (TASH) Fund of the Institute of Botany Academy Sciences Republic of Uzbekistan, the growth of 23 species in the region was noted. Representatives of the genus Scutellaria L. are important due to the abundance of endemic species and their widespread use in modern pharmaceuticals. At the same time, opinions and comments on the study of natural resources of some species common in the valley are presented.

Key biodiversity areas of the Ferghana valley and prospects for establishing protected natural territories

Key biodiversity areas of the Ferghana valley and prospects for establishing protected natural territories

Research of traffic safety conditions on the roads of the ferghana valley

Research of traffic safety conditions on the roads of the ferghana valley

Correlation of the state of crustal stresses, seismicity and landslide activity (Fergana basin, Tien Shan)

The impacts of seismicity on the landslide activity in Kyrgyzstan have been in the focus of our study since 2010 [Kalmetyeva et al., 2010]. As the study progressed [Kalmetyeva, Moldobekov, 2012, 2013; Kalmetyeva et al., 2013, 2014], the initial problem statement has been revised as follows: do earthquake influence the occurrence of land‐ slides, and, if so, what is the mechanism of this influence. This paper presents the results of detailed analysis of the distribution of earthquakes and landslides in space and time in correlation with focal mechanisms (azimuth and plunge of the principal compression stress axis) of earthquakes occurred in the Fergana basin and its mountainous frame. These are grounds to conclude that the landslide activity is mainly influenced by the response of the internal structure of the upper crust to local stresses. The mechanism of influence of strong earthquakes on the landslide activity is redistribution of local stresses, which results from partial release of regional stresses due to rupturing in the source zones of strong earthquakes. Using this concept of the landslide activity, a methodology of landslide‐hazard mapping is the goal of our future studies aimed at the following: (1) zoning of the study area with respect to the features of the internal structure of the upper crust, (2) geological, geophysical and seismological studies of the state of stresses in the study area, (3) instrumental monitoring of landslides movements in the zones that differ in the structure of the upper crust, and (4) analysis of preparation and consequences of past strong earthquakes that took place in the study area in comparison with the landslide activity.

ФАРҒОНА ВОДИЙСИ ЎЗБЕКЛАРИНИНГ "ПАРИ" КУЛТИ БИЛАН БОҒЛИҚ ҚАРАШЛАРИ

In this article the archaic thoughts of the Uzbek people of Fergana valley related to the symbol of peri (fairy) and present state of its forms in the traditional lifestyle of local people have been depicted

Features of the food market in the Fergana valley

The article explores the peculiarities of the Ferghana Valley food market in a systematic manner. The objective features are analyzed. The potential of agricultural land and transport systems is revealed. Estimated the value of the nutritional value of the population. The analysis of cluster formation and investment attraction to ensure efficient functioning of the food market is analyzed.

Features of the food market in the Fergana valley

The article explores the peculiarities of the Ferghana Valley food market in a systematic manner. The objective features are analyzed. The potential of agricultural land and transport systems is revealed. Estimated the value of the nutritional value of the population. The analysis of cluster formation and investment attraction to ensure efficient functioning of the food market is analyzed.

ФАРҒОНА ВОДИЙСИДА ИРРИГАТСИЯ КАДРЛАРИ ТАЙЁРЛАШ БОРАСИДАГИ МУАММОЛАР (1950-1970 ЙЙ)

In this article is analyzed of preparing specialists to the irrigation system of Ferghana valley and its issues in 50-70-years XX century by the helping scientific literatures and primary resources

The demographic and agricultural development of the Kokand oasis during the Russian Imperial era: nomad immigration and cotton monoculture

ABSTRACTThis study investigates oasis expansion in the precolonial period and agricultural evolution in the colonial period using village-level statistics from the early twentieth century. This survey illustrates that the Kokand oasis in the Ferghana Valley initially appeared in the central part, where the Sart population settled by the seventeenth century. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the Uzbek and Karakalpak tribes migrated to the valley peripheries, while the Kyrgyz semi-nomads settled in the alluvial fan. It is not surprising that such a migratory process created a mosaic-like ethnic distribution. Furthermore, this study suggests that the pattern coincided with a variety of agricultural practices, and presents two contrasting models of cotton monoculture under the Russian Empire. The main area occupied by the Sarts presents a general model of canal-irrigated cotton planting in Central Asia, while the Karakalpaks’ cotton planting using groundwater in the periphery suggests multiple courses of nomad sedentarization.

AMIRIY ADABIY MEROSIDA TAXMISLARNING O‘RNI

The great ruler of the XVIII-XIX century of Kokand Amir Umarkhon is famous for his unique and rich literary work, written in Uzbek and Farsi. He wrote under the pen name Amiriy, and greatly contributed to the nourishment of the rich literary and cultural renaissance of Fergana valley. Amiriy compiled his ghazals and response poetry called mukhammas and many other poetic genres in two separated divans. This article examines Amiri’s affection for a classical literature, as well as his artistic talent in creating fine poetry. Especially, Amiri contributed to mukhammas-building tradition of the famous poets such as Navai, Jomiy, Lutfiy, Zaliliy, Nobiy, Bedil, Fuzuliy, Mushfiqiy and other literary icons. Among these poets, Navai’s works were the template for Amiri’s creative genre.In historiography, his short-lived reign is appreciated for the development of culture and art; described as the “second renaissance of the literature, and presents the rich cultural heritage to the literary world of Kokand.

POETICS OF THE IMAGE OF BABUR IN THE STORY “ANDIZHAN PRINCE”

This article considers the skill of the writer, literary fiction and expressive means of the adventure novel "Babur the Tiger" by F.Vertel, who managed to a great respect to Babur and learned his heritage so thoroughly, analyzing that the writer used literary fictions widely with historical sources.Great historical people who lived in the past and literary research of their life and creation is requirement of historical progress. Babur international fund is one of the academic expeditions organized in foreign countries, so one vital source has been set up in Germany. This book "Babur the Tiger" was written and published by Australian writer F. Vertel called an adventure story. This work has been translated into Uzbek by Yanglish Egamov. Through this book our people, especially the young get an imagination and concepts boosting about Babur personality and his popularity is famous across the whole world. In the work there is a social-political situation, valley atmosphere, population, their professions are paid much attention in Temur's period in Fergana valley. The writer showed a great respect to Babur in this book. While we read about the events in the story we witness that the author of the work learned Babur's life and his heritage so thoroughly. In this work Babur's youth, the period of his ruling are described.

Экспедиционные исследования многослойного пещерного памятника Сельунгур (Ферганская долина, Кыргызстан)

The research paper describes the findings of recent excavations in Selungur cave (Fergana valley, Republic of Tajikistan). The study of found materials shows a complex snapshot of the formation of the Middle Paleolithic in the region, and that it is required to review the timeline and cultural background of this archaeological site.

Features of the food market in the fergana valley

The article explores the peculiarities of the Ferghana Valley food market in a systematic manner. The objective features are analyzed. The potential of agricultural land and transport systems is revealed. Estimated the value of the nutritional value of the population. The analysis of cluster formation and investment attraction to ensure efficient functioning of the food market is analyzed.

Zooplankton of Sarikamish Lake (Uzbekistan)

The total of 35 species of zooplankton organisms were found on the Sarikamish lake, 17 of which were armor, 10 species of cladocers and 8 species of copra. New 7 species of Lecane punctate, Lecane stenosis, Colurella adriatica, Colurella obtusa, Lepadella ehrenbergi were found to be new to Fergana valley (Uzbekistan).

Characteristics of the colonial town planning in "european cities" of fergana valley (end of 19 th – beginning of 20 th centuries)

Characteristics of the colonial town planning in "european cities" of fergana valley (end of 19 th – beginning of 20 th centuries)

Comparative Study of Interpolation Methods in Development of Local Geoid

The main aims of the research are to estimate the efficiency of different methods of interpolation (Natural Neighbour, Inverse Distance Weighting, Kriging and Topo to Raster) for the normal height determination by comparing with heights anomalies determined by using GPS-leveling and global gravitational model EGM2008. The discrepancies between the calculated and interpolated heights were analyzed and discussed for Fergana valley located within in Republic of Uzbekistan. Comparison of the results with the data of global gravimetric model EGM 2008 showed that the best interpolation surface demonstrated Natural Neighbour and Topo to Raster methods for considered region.

Understanding surface water–groundwater interactions for managing large irrigation schemes in the multi-country Fergana valley, Central Asia

Traditionally, surface water supplies are the sole sources to satisfy crop water requirements in large irrigation schemes such as those in the Fergana Valley, Central Asia. Recent studies indicate that 23–30% of these requirements are met from shallow groundwater, but this is not usually quantified. To manage favorable groundwater levels – i.e., without increasing soil salinity and nutrient leaching and reducing crop yields – information on, and quantification of, groundwater recharge and discharge rates at large spatial and temporal scales, as well as understanding their mechanisms of interaction, is indispensable. With the aim to quantify groundwater recharge, discharge and their interaction, a conceptual water balance model at a scale of a Water Consumers’ Association was established on a monthly basis for a 10-year period. Average groundwater recharge was estimated as 780 ± 75.7 mm, representing 62% of surface water supplies. The highest average annual recharge (930 mm) driven by excessive precipitation and water supply was in 2010 and the lowest (667–726 mm) was in years of lower water availability: 2006–2008 and 2012. The net groundwater recharge was 82.4 ± 79 mm, and determined the groundwater level fluctuations. The highest positive net groundwater recharge rate (247 mm) and the shallowest groundwater level (123 cm) also occurred in 2010. The negative net recharge in 2006 (–11 mm), 2008 (–41 mm) and 2012 (–5 mm) indicated deeper groundwater levels during these periods. The groundwater recharge values were excessively high even for this large irrigation scheme. To save limited freshwater resources, groundwater discharge should be reduced, with one option being to reduce excessive drainage outflow.

Mantle transition zone beneath the central Tien Shan: Lithospheric delamination and mantle plumes

We investigate structure of the mantle transition zone (MTZ) under the central Tien Shan in central Asia by using recordings of seismograph stations in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and adjacent northern China. We apply P-wave receiver functions techniques and evaluate the differential time between the arrivals of seismic phases that are formed by P to SV mode conversion at the 410-km and 660-km seismic boundaries. The differential time is sensitive to the thickness of the MTZ and insensitive to volumetric velocity anomalies above the 410-km boundary. Under part of the southern central Tien Shan with the lowest S wave velocity in the uppermost mantle and the largest thickness of the crust, the thickness of the MTZ increases by 15–20km relative to the ambient mantle and the reference model IASP91. The increased thickness is a likely effect of low (about −150K) temperature. This anomaly is indicative of delamination and sinking of the mantle lithosphere. The low temperature in the MTZ might also be a relic of subduction of the oceanic lithosphere in the Paleozoic, but this scenario requires strong coupling and coherence between structures in the MTZ and in the lithosphere during plate motions in the last 300Myr. Our data reveal a reduction of thickness of the MTZ of 10–15km under the Fergana basin, in the neighborhood of the region of small-scale basaltic volcanism at the time near the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. The reduced thickness of the MTZ is the effect of a depressed 410-km discontinuity, similar to that found in many hotspots. This depression suggests a positive temperature anomaly of about 100–150K, consistent with the presence of a thermal mantle plume. A similar depression on the 410-km discontinuity is found underneath the Tarim basin.

Meso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Talas-Fergana region of the Kyrgyz Tien Shan revealed by low-temperature basement and detrital thermochronology

This study provides new low-temperature thermochronometric data, mainly apatite fission track data on the basement rocks in and adjacent to the Talas-Fergana Fault, in the Kyrgyz Tien Shan in the first place. In the second place, we also present new detrital apatite fission track data on the Meso-Cenozoic sediments from fault related basins and surrounding intramontane basins. Our results confirm multi-staged Meso-Cenozoic tectonic activity, possibly induced by the accretion of the so-called Cimmerian blocks to the Eurasian margin. New evidence for this multi-staged thermo-tectonic activity is found in the data of both basement and Meso-Cenozoic sediment samples in or close to the Talas-Fergana Fault. Zircon (U–Th)/He and apatite fission track data constrain rapid Late Triassic–Early Jurassic and Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous basement cooling in the Kyrgyz Tien Shan around 200 Ma and 130–100 Ma respectively. Detrital apatite fission track results indicate a different burial history on both sides of the Talas-Fergana Fault. The apatite fission track system of the Jurassic sediments in the Middle Tien Shan unit east of the Talas-Fergana Fault is not reset, while the Jurassic sediments in the Fergana Basin and Yarkand-Fergana Basin, west of the fault zone, are partially and in some cases even totally reset. The totally reset samples exhibit Oligocene and Miocene ages and evidence the Cenozoic reactivation of the western Kyrgyz Tien Shan as a consequence of the India-Eurasia convergence.