Feminine Approach Research Articles

Spiritual pathfinding: The meaning and process of self-agency in contemporary spirituality

ABSTRACT This paper explores self-directed spirituality in secularised culture. The focus is on how the ‘spiritual but not religious’ find, experience, and manage their spiritual self-agency. This includes matters of self-motivation, self-navigation, self-responsibilities, and self-discernment. The core-activity of consistent psycho-spiritual engagement is referred to as ‘spiritual pathfinding’. The research was conducted using semi-structured interviews, the qualitative method of heuristic inquiry, and thematic analysis, by which the experiences of 20 participants with long-term involvement in self-directed spirituality were explored. The data revealed that spiritual pathfinding was initiated by a deep inner impulse to explore the sacred starting in childhood, subsequently characterised by an organically unfolding trajectory, an emphasis on self-responsibility and responsivity to life, and navigated by intuitive insight and somatic signals. Further findings concerned an intentional exploration of multiple spiritual perspectives in search of personal resonance and meaning. Indigenous, Pagan, and Feminine approaches in particular were sought to explore aspects of sacred immanence deemed missing from patriarchal perspectives. Results indicated that spiritual self-agency was experienced as an inner directive born from an embodied interconnectivity between self, life, and the sacred.

Feminizing the Paranormal

This paper discusses how the discipline of parapsychology should acknowledge and integrate attributes from its shadow in order to grow. More women and feminine scholars should be encouraged into the field, and feminine approaches should be integrated with traditional masculine approaches in a both/and approach which draws from transpersonal psychology. This perspective is informed by the observation that psi phenomena are relational, embodied, meaningful, and participatory and rest on healthy connections that can be nurtured by integrating multiple perspectives, methodologies, and ways of knowing.

The Heroine with 1001 Faces by Maria Tatar, Liveright Publishing Corporation, USA, 2021, 368 p

This book explores the notion of heroism from the feminist point of view by tackling notions such as curiosity and knowledge, deeds (masculine approach) vs stories (feminine approach), creativity (at the beginning limited to the domestic area) and inquisitiveness. It also reveals uncomfortable truths about how abuse, abduction, mutilation and torture forced women into silence. Moreover, the author points out that words have the power to resist injustice and that feminine heroism means the courage to break the silence and start telling ‘your’ story through different channels (weavings, books, social media etc).

Masculine roles and practices in homes with photovoltaic systems

Privately owned, domestic photovoltaic (PV) panels can play an important role in the transition to a low-carbon society by producing renewable energy for the grid and engaging households in energy management. In both aspects, gender is an issue, leading to the development of new theoretical concepts, <em>e.g</em>. the ‘resource man’, the ‘flexibility woman’ and the ‘mother-multiple’. However, a deeper understanding of the role of masculinity may reveal gender complicity and can inform the design of these technologies to be more inclusive. This ethnographic study investigates masculine roles, practices and domesticities for energy management activities in the home. It examines Danish PV owners as domestic prosumers based on in-depth qualitative interviews of 18 participants in 12 households. The use of PV technologies (and their interfaces) reproduces several masculine domesticities that work both productively and counterproductively with feminine domesticities. Technology and energy management are often situated as male hobbies related to masculine self-expression, identity and homemaking. To unlock the full potential of sustainable energy engagement consumption and practices, both masculine and feminine approaches are needed at the conceptual and practical levels. <em><strong>Practice relevance</strong></em> The successful deployment and operation of domestic PV systems depends on aligning the timing of production and consumption of energy in a household. This involves both traditional male and female domains within a household. Significant gaps in understandings, communication and practices were found in many households due to gendered roles. This compromises the potential of domestic generation of renewable energy. Awareness of gender relations can promote the integration and improve practices by providing households with information about technical and less technical aspects of time-shifting practices. Both feminine and masculine understandings of technology, practices and energy consumption are necessary for a more effective transition to the use of smart energy technologies, and with a more equal distribution of these competencies and practices in households with heterosexual couples. In addition, the design and usability of smart energy technology should embrace the needs of both female and male users.

The Feminine Body and the Culture of Care

Can we speak of a feminine approach to caring for the body? If there is such an approach, how does culture influence or even construct it? Do we need a new culture of care in the medical field? What can a woman’s contribution be to transform culture in this area? In this analysis, I take the human body and its way of being in the world as my starting point, so that we could speak, using Sartrean terminology, of a ‘psychical body’. Then I consider the symbiosis that occurs during pregnancy, and I speak of it as a ‘relational modality’, that gives an ‘existential orientation’ to women, whether or not they are biological mothers. Finally, I show some implications of this relational modality for the culture of care.

“A More Feminine Approach?” Rethinking How America Deters a Nuclear-Capable Iran

To demonstrate why a more feminist approach offers potentially greater success than the more masculine approaches already tried, and failed, this article provides a case study of US deterrence strategy toward Iran during the most recent presidential administrations—two Democratic and two Republican. Analysis will focus on whether each administration’s stance toward Iran has been traditionally masculine, feminine, or a mix. From that examination, recommendations are made regarding development of effective US-Iranian deterrence strategy in the future.

Feminist Study of Indu Sundaresan’s “The Twentieth Wife”

India has a large history with many shades of it. The colonizers and the colonized both have a special place in its history that can’t be erased . One such colonizers were the Mughals. The era of Mughal India started in 1526 and ended in 1707 with Aurangzeb’s death (the last Mughal ruler). This paper traces down one such period of Mughal India but it doesn’t focus on the politics of the time but focuses on of the characters of Mughal India and that too a female character. It studies the feminine approach of the novel with critical evaluation of various women characters and their journey.

The Feminine Cultural Politics Essentialism and Popular Imagination Liberality in Nuruddin Farah’s Sardines (1982)

Throughout the development of this fiction, Nuruddin Farah exposes the issues of the sphere of origin. In fact, the run of Sardines exhibits the question of the patriarchal reality of ideas, and then, emphasizes a feminine self-consciousness, which through its evolutionary source and perfecting method disrupts the traditional construction of narrative-based essentially on custom of symbol. Through the implemented study of a new feminine ontological aspect, the logic of Sardines remains in a realistic and structural redefinition of social epistemology. In this line, within the realm of social agency, the feminine new ontological discourse dismantles the macro-structural establishment within which identity is constructed. In this perspective, this paper aims to focus on voluntary feminine emancipation and its psychological and cognitive value. Furthermore, through the discourse of a new politics of identity, this paper seeks to unveil the manner socio-political conservatism reality annihilates the truth of the individual. Therefore, the consequence of this article is expected to underscore the feminine approach of a new historical materialism.It remains an attempt to display the implied practical mode of communication, which appears different from the apparent reality of the patriarchal mode, the manner Farah creates a discourse of reconstruction and a scientific observation of the real.

The Feminine Cultural Politics Essentialism and Popular Imagination Liberality

Throughout the development of this fiction, Nuruddin Farah exposes the issues of the sphere of origin. In fact, the run of <i>Sardines</i> exhibits the question of the patriarchal reality of ideas, and then, emphasizes on a feminine self-consciousness, which through its evolutionary source and perfecting method disrupts the traditional construction of narrative based essentially on custom of symbol. Through the implemented study of a new feminine ontological aspect, the logic of <i>Sardines</i> remains in a realistic and structural redefinition of social epistemology. In this line, within the realm of social agency, the feminine new ontological discourse dismantles the macro-structural establishment within identity is constructed. It is in this perspective, the aim of this paper focuses on the voluntary feminine emancipation and its psychological and cognitive value. Furthermore, through the discourse of a new politics of identity, this paper seeks to unveil the manner socio-political conservatism reality annihilates the truth of the individual. Therefore, the consequence of this article is expected to underscore the feminine approach of a new historical materialism. It remains an attempt to display the implied practical mode of communication, which appears different from the apparent reality of the patriarchal mode, the manner Farah creates a discourse of reconstruction and a scientific observation of the real.

“More of a Liability than an Asset”: Victorian Women’s Advocacy for Other Animals

Although the nonhuman animal rights movement in the West is frequently framed by activists and remembered by historians as gender-neutral, Donaldson’s (2020) Women against Cruelty (which examines meeting notes and campaigning documents reaching back to the movement’s founding in the early 19th century) demonstrates just the opposite. Women’s affinity for anti-speciesist activism within the context of a prevailing sexism which pitted all female pursuits as lesser-than would prove a difficult hurdle to surmount with regard to social movement resonance. This is not to reify or reduce women’s contributions. Women against Cruelty catalogs a diversity of feminine and feminist approaches to advancing the interests of nonhuman animals: some religious, some scientific, and some intersectional. Many women favored educational outreach, while others relied on rational debate, shocking images, direct intervention, and legal resistance.

The role of Cirebon Women Ulama in Countering Religious Radicalism

&lt;p&gt;The trend in terrorist acts nowadays is using women as &lt;em&gt;perpetrators with a feminine approach. To respond to the condition, the figure of the Cirebon women ulama takes a very significant role. When women could be recruited as terrorists, it should be easier too to get them back to become agents of peace. This study originally attempts to describe the experiences and efforts of Cirebon women ulama in the process of socio-religious transformation in the Cirebon society towards a better direction, namely counteracting religious-based intolerance in Cirebon. This study was conducted through a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenology approach. Primary data were obtained through documentation study, interviews, and direct observations with Cirebon women activists from various community organizations and non-governmental organizations. The results showed that there are several strategies used by Cirebon women ulama in countering religious radicalism such as (1) developing religious literacy among Cirebon society; (2) shifting communication patterns from monolog to dialog; (3) reviewing curriculum and the process of learning; (4) live-in with other religious communities and beliefs, and (5) establish institutional networking.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

It Can Be Done: How One Charter School Combats the School-to-Prison Pipeline

The school-to-prison pipeline is a theoretical construct that explains how disproportionate discipline and exclusionary punishment of Black and Brown students ultimately pushes youth out of mainstream schools and into the criminal justice system (Basford and Lewis in From education to incarceration: dismantling the school to prison pipeline, Peter Lang Publishing, New York, 2018; Heitzeg in Forum Public Pol Online, 2009; Lewis and Basford in Six lenses for anti-oppressive education (counterpoints: studies in the postmodern theory of education), Peter Lang Publishing, New York, 2014; Morris and Perry in Soc Probl 63(1):68–86, 2016). While the research has documented the existence of the school-to-prison pipeline and its impact on families, less has been done to study schools that have worked to successfully interrupt the pipeline. The authors respond to this void in the literature by using Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (Motivation and personality, Harper, New York, 1987) and Noddings’ ethic of care (Caring: a feminine approach to ethics and moral education, University of California Press, Berkely, 2003) to interpret the successful efforts of one charter high school focused on dropout recovery, specifically targeting youth who have experienced or are at risk for the school-to-prison pipeline. Findings from this case study suggest that the school embodies what we call institutional plasticity through innovative programming, carefully selected and trained staff, a family-like atmosphere, wrap-around services, and flexible planning for intermittent attendance. Implications identify elements of institutional plasticity for consideration in other settings.

The Women and the Development of Inclusive Religious Education in the Srikandi Lintas Iman Community of Yogyakarta

The involvement of women in acts of intolerance and radicalism disturbs religious harmony in Indonesia. The phenomenon of the Surabaya bombing involving women as the main perpetrators of acts of terrorism proves that acts of terrorism, which initially had a patriarchal masculine face, later made use of women with their feminine approaches. In such anxiety arises the Srikandi Lintas Iman Community in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This community is an alternative for women in sowing the values ​​of diversity, tolerance, and peace among the people. For this reason, it is important to research this community. This study aims to determine the construction and implementation of inclusive religious education built by the interfaith heroine community and the role of women in the development of inclusive religious education. This type of research is qualitative research. The research approach used is the educational sociology approach. The results of the study show that the construction of inclusive religious education in the Srikandi Lintas Iman Community in Yogyakarta stands on the principles and implementation of humanism and democratic values ​​, which include pluralism, justice, equality, doing good to others, and honesty which is manifested in community activities. The implementation of inclusive religious education is classified into several activity groups; religious studies, interfaith dialogue, and interfaith cooperation while the role of women in the development of inclusive religious education in the Srikandi Lintas Iman Community includes the domestic role of the family and the transition role of social and religious communities.

Caring teaching and the complexity of building good relationships as pedagogies for social justice in health and physical education

ABSTRACT The Health and Physical Education (HPE) profession has increasingly advocated for caring teacher-student relationships. In this paper, we draw on data from an international research project called ‘EDUHEALTH’ [Education for Equitable Health Outcomes – The Promise of School Health and Physical Education] to explore caring teaching and the complexity of building good relationships as pedagogies for social justice in HPE. The data reported on in this paper were generated through 20 HPE lesson observations and interviews with 13 HPE teachers across schools in Sweden, Norway and New Zealand. In our analysis of the data, we employed Nel Noddings ‘Care Theory’ [(1984. Caring, a feminine approach to ethics & moral education. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press; 1997). Pedagogisk filosofi [Philosophy of education]. Oslo: Ad Notam Gyldendal] to study the constitution of relationships and caring teaching in HPE practice. The findings demonstrate that caring teaching is inevitably built on developing good relationships, and that developing such good relationships is a complex process influenced by three key elements. First, teachers have to develop knowledge about their students on a societal, group and personal level; second, teachers have to reflect on the individual, environmental and relational aspects required for building good relationships; and third, teachers have to implement caring teaching strategies, such as planning, caring actions and doing ‘the little things’. Drawing on Nodding’s care theory, we conclude that pedagogies for social justice are enacted when teachers use their own knowledge and knowledge about the students, together with reflection and caring teaching strategies, to arrange a learning environment that promotes inclusion and equitable outcomes for all students.

Is there such a thing as feminine leadership? Being a leader and not a man in the hospitality industry

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine and discuss whether women executives in the hospitality industry in Hong Kong adopt a feminine, masculine or gender-neutral approach to leadership.Design/methodology/approachThis study focuses on women with positional power in senior-level leadership roles within the hospitality and tourism industry in Hong Kong. A qualitative approach was taken to capture the multiple dimensions of these female executive’s leadership orientations. The participants included 24 women executives.FindingsParticipants’ representations show that women have a multitude of leadership styles that operate on three continua. Not all women executives display leadership orientations that adhere to their indigenous culture values. Individual differences or differences related to the organizational culture are still relevant.Research limitations/implicationsA low number of women in leadership positions in Hong Kong limited the selection process of participants. There might be a selection bias based on that the participants volunteered to participate in the research study and some declined. Findings are based on participants’ memory to reflect on their leadership styles.Originality/valueBecause of the traditional and conventional definitions of leadership, women leaders might feel that they should behave in a masculine way to be taken seriously as a leader. There is a need to understand whether women executives today manage to defeat these stereotypes and comfortably display a feminine approach to leadership. A culture that values and leverages feminine approaches in addition to masculine approaches is likely to have higher engagement and retention of women.

IMPLIED AND DIRECT. REMARKS ON FEMINO-WORLDS OF MARIA PINIŃSKA-BEREŚ AND EWA PARTUM

Andrzej Kostołowski Veiled and Direct. Remarks About the Feminine Worlds of Maria Pinińska-Bereś and Ewa Partum The proposals of art by the internationally known: Maria Pinińska-Bereś (1931–1999) and Ewa Partum (b. 1945) have been emerging since the 1960s and 1970s as the successive steps driving through the shell of masculine domination in art. Owing to the power and coherence of the liberation endeavours, both artists have worked out their own forms of creativity. Through the individuality of feminine approaches they mani- fested in their statements some sort of model message, and at the same time a uniqueness in the way of using artistic means of expression. For the sculpturess and “performeress” Pinińska-Bereś entangled in the mul- ti-level dualism of the patriarchal domination and neo-avant-guarde free- dom, the method depended on showing psychoanalytically filtered depths through the veiled object allusions. For the relatively early emancipated and direct in her strong performances conceptual artist, Ewa Partum, the fusion of corporal presence with critical ideas was, and still is, important.

ZAWOALOWANA I BEZPOŚREDNIA UWAGI O FEMINOŚWIATACH MARII PINIŃSKIEJ-BEREŚ I EWY PARTUM1

The proposals of art by the internationally known: Maria Pinińska-Bereś (1931–1999) and Ewa Partum (b. 1945) have been emerging since the 1960s and 1970s as the successive steps driving through the shell of masculine domination in art. Owing to the power and coherence of the liberation endeavours, both artists have worked out their own forms of creativity. Through the individuality of feminine approaches they manifested in their statements some sort of model message, and at the same time a uniqueness in the way of using artistic means of expression. For the sculpturess and “performeress” Pinińska-Bereś entangled in the multi- level dualism of the patriarchal domination and neo-avant-guarde freedom, the method depended on showing psychoanalytically filtered depths through the veiled object allusions. For the relatively early emancipated and direct in her strong performances conceptual artist, Ewa Partum, the fusion of corporal presence with critical ideas was, and still is, important.

Poetyckie remediacje Anety Kamińskiej

The article presents the works of Aneta Kamińska as an example of the phenomenon of remediation, it is the impact of digital media on poetry and literary communication. The authoress examines the subsequent volumes of poetry and forms of Kamińska’s online activity. She points at a specifically feminine approach to new technologies. The article describes changes in the structure of the poems, as well as the status of the authoress and the nature of her communication with readers. It discusses also the stages of Aneta Kamińska’s work. These are: the traditional volume, the volume imitating hypertext which has been partly digitized and is available online as an interactive poetic hypertext. Then discusses the impact of Internet communication on her poetry. Finally presents multimedia projects, in which words are combined with video, audio and animation. In the end we may ask the question: does the generator of poetry, used by the poet, open up the interaction between man and machines?

Women photographers in Europe: a fresh, feminine approach

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the role of women in the field of photography after the second wave of feminism in Europe.Design/methodology/approachThe grounded theory on the position of women in contemporary photography has been contrasted with the information collected by the authors in previous research studies on the presence of women photographers in the main museum collections in Europe.FindingsGender inequality in the various artistic disciplines is a current sociopolitical problem Western countries have been fighting against for several decades. After the resurgence of social movements in the USA and Europe in the 1960s, an artistic movement called feminist art emerged whose significance should be assessed.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper proposed a general approximation, a foundation on the state of art, which may be implemented in the future with more data coming from other collections. It should be taken into account that this aim is a work in progress in a large scale of the research.Practical implicationsThis paper includes implications for the development of a more efficient strategy to create a balance situation in the number of men and women photographers at the museum collections.Originality/valueThe paper identified a lack of practical analysis on the current averages of female photographers in art institutions.

Feminine leadership and the ethics of sexual difference

This paper provides a critical reading of feminine approaches to leadership which are lauded for having the potential for women to rise into leadership positions by valorising particular feminine and feminized traits. We question the reliance of leadership ethics on feminized ideals such as care, empathy and relationality where much of this literature relies on rigid, oppressive gendered dualisms which reinforce the feminine other. Irigaray’s ethics of sexual difference is developed as a means to challenge the symbolic status of women in leadership and leadership ethics. The paper then moves to consider the intercorporeal dimensions of leadership that facilitate ethical encounters with the other and progress the ways in which women in leadership are thought and the ways women respond to being un/recognised, de/valued and supported/discriminated. We conclude by suggesting different strategies by which the feminine may be rethought and the oppression of difference be identified and politically and practically addressed. Turning to Irigaray’s ethics of sexual difference suggests that interventions for addressing in/equality is an ethical challenge for all genders where ethics emerge at the site of corporeal relations between bodies and require a more ethical openness to otherness.