Female Voters Research Articles

Different Perspectives on Democracy as an Explanation for the “Populist Radical Right Gender Gap”?

The “radical right gender gap” is an established finding in contemporary research, indicating that women support populist radical right parties (PRRPs) in significantly lower numbers than men. Despite substantial literature dedicated to uncovering the reasons behind this gap, significant questions remain unanswered. This article examines the nature of the radical right gender gap in greater detail, focusing on Switzerland—a country with one of the most established PRRPs in Western Europe, the SVP/SPP (Schweizer Volkspartei/Swiss People’s Party), making it a representative case. A defining feature of PRRPs that sets them apart from other parties is their clear distinction between in-groups and out-groups in society, coupled with the propagation of nativist and anti-pluralist values. While PRRPs emphasize caring for the in-group, they often advocate excluding the out-group from rights and privileges. This article argues that the preferences of PRRPs and female voters are in stark contrast regarding these issues. Building on empirical evidence that women place more importance on certain features of a democratic system than men do, we propose that this discrepancy may help explain the gender gap in support for these parties. Utilizing data from the European Social Survey 2020, which includes detailed questions on various understandings of democracy, we find robust support for our hypotheses within the Swiss context. Compared to men, women consider protecting the rights of minorities and safeguarding all citizens from poverty as especially important for a functioning democracy. These preferences emerge as influential factors contributing to women’s reluctance to support PRRPs.

Political Participation Among Scheduled Castes: A Study on West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh

Political Participation Among Scheduled Castes: A Study on West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh “One of the penalties for refusing to participate in politics is that you end up being governed by your inferiors”. ―Plato “Plato had no perception of the uniqueness of every individual, of his incommensurability with others, of each individual as forming a class of his own. He had no recognition of the infinite diversity of active tendencies, and the combination of tendencies of which an individual is capable.” ― Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, Annihilation of Caste KONDAPALLI SRINIVASU, M.A. Research Scholar Department of Political Science and Public Administration Andhra University, Visakhapatnam PETETI PREMANANDAM M.A., B.L., B.Lisc., PGDSM., Ph.D. Professor and Head of the Department Department of Political Science and Public Administration Andhra University, Visakhapatnam ABSTRACT India's democracy is the largest among countries in the world. The National Election Commission Report of India listed 900 million eligible voters, 468 million male and 432 million female. These Indian voters were spread over 29 states. A notable element of the 2019, 17th Lok Sabha Election was the participation of 15 million first-time voters aged 18–19. Only 14.39 percent of the 2019 Parliament was female, with 78 MPs. In comparison, 85.61 percent of the group was male (464). General Elections 2019, the National Election Planner, reports 3,66,61,315 Andhra Pradesh voters. According to NEP data, AP has 18,123,437 men, 18,474,714 women, and 3,745 others as voters. The Electoral Roll 2019 contains 56,908 services and 2,511 abroad Indian electors. Female voters grew by 3,51,277, or 1.93 percent. Andhra Pradesh has 539,804 18–19-year-old voters. Political engagement and understanding are essential to any political system. These tools make voters efficient and link them to politics. The International Encyclopaedia of Social Sciences defines political involvement as the main way a democracy grants or revokes consent and holds power accountable to the people. It includes voting, acquiring information, discussing and persuading, attending meetings, donating, and communicating with representatives. Democracy and political participation are linked. Participation lets citizens express their interests. It fosters national stability and organization. It maximizes benefits for most people. Scholars define political participation differently depending on how they understand the different sorts of political activity. Growth generally requires involvement. The UNDP's "Human Development Report 1993" lists four interconnected forms of involvement: family, economic, socio-cultural, and political.

Measuring the Strength of Presidential Campaign Funding, Political Party Advertising Shopping 2024

The General Election Commission has released a report on the campaign funds of the presidential and vice-presidential candidates for the 2024 election. Prabowo Subianto - Gibran Rakabuming Raka was recorded as the largest, far surpassing Ganjar Pranowo - Mahfud MD and Anies Baswedan - Muhaimin Iskandar.The advertisements were created to get the audience to increase the party's popularity. Golkar is the political party with the highest advertising spending on social media over the last three months, disbursing funds amounting to IDR 3.74 billion. This figure is quite far apart when compared to the advertising costs of other political parties. I am following in second place with a nominal advertising expenditure of IDR 785.6 million. National Awakening Party and Gerindra with advertising costs on social media amounting to IDR 195.7 million and IDR 49.18 million respectively. PSI is in first place with the most advertisements, namely 1,277 advertisements on television amounting to IDR 42.84 billion, Perindo is in second place for the party with the most advertisements on TV, IDR. 82.73 billion and 1,220 advertisements. The electability of the political parties PDIP and Gerindra compete closely in the female voter group, these two parties were both chosen by 18.8% of female voter respondents. Gerindra's electability reached 19.5%, slightly ahead of PDIP which obtained 19.3%. In the election of 5 major political parties, namely Gerindra, PDIP, Golkar, PKB and PKS, Gerindra was the party most chosen by young people under 30 years of age, with a vote share of 24.6%.

Improving Women’s Representation in Politics through Gender Quotas

Gender quotas for women in local government bodies can improve women’s representation in politics, increase provision of public services, and improve perceptions of women as leaders. Gender quotas are one policy tool designed to increase women’s representation in politics. Women hold fewer than 25 percent of parliamentary seats worldwide, and just 12 percent of the world’s heads of state and government are women. In many countries this imbalance extends to local governments. Countries are taking action In 2013, 118 countries were implementing a form of gender quotas for an elected office. Women's empowerment and their full participation on the basis of equality in all spheres of society, including participation in the decision making process and access to power ,are fund a mental for the achievement to fequality , development and peace. One way to implement gender quotas is by reserving a certain number of leadership positions for women. A review of eleven randomized evaluations in India, Lesotho, and across 28 states in India found that reservation quotas influenced women’s political participation and policy outcomes and increased the provision of public goods aligned with female voters’ preferences. Further, quotas improved men’s perceptions of women as leaders, increased the aspirations of girls, and helped women get elected even after quotas were removed. Most of the rigorous research drawn on in this insight comes from India comparative conclusions should be drawn cautiously. This evidence largely suggests that governments seeking to improve women’s representation in politics should consider reservation quotas for local leadership positions. overview of the three main types of quota policies reserved seats, party quotas, and legislative quotas. These are found in all major world regions in countries with a broad range of institutional, social, economic, and cultural characteristics. At the same time, the mere advent of gender quotas has not resulted in uniform increases in the percentage of women in parliament worldwide some countries have witnessed dramatic increases, while others have seen more modest changes or even setbacks in the number of women elected to national assemblies. Despite the rapid international diffusion of these measures, most research has focused on single countries or, at most, the presence of quotas within one world region. Consequently, explanations for the adoption and impact of gender quotas derived from one study often contradict .

“Realignment”, “Dealignment”, or “Deviation”? Classifying the 2022 Australian Federal Election

The 2022 Australian federal election saw a record high vote for minor parties and independent candidates and record‐low levels of voter identification with the major parties. Scholars have since described the 2022 election as both a “dealigning” and a “realigning” event. Such descriptions are useful commencement points but not definitive. In determining a more accurate classification, this article offers three arguments: first, that younger and female voters swung heavily against the Coalition indeed suggests a “dealigning” election, albeit merely the most recent in a long process of “dealignment”; second, that the election hinged disproportionately on the short‐term factor of Prime Minister Scott Morrison's unpopular leadership suggests the poll was also a “deviating” event; and, third, it is impossible to classify the 2022 election as genuinely “realigning” until subsequent elections confirm the propensity of former Labor and Liberal Party voters to re‐elect Greens and “Teal” candidates.

Gender affinity effects between female voters and women leaders in parliamentary elections: Cross-national evidence (1996-2016)

An increasing amount of literature has demonstrated that party leaders affect voting behavior in parliamentary elections. However, the electoral impact of female leadership of political parties has been under-researched. The gender affinity hypothesis suggests that when women run for presidential or prime ministerial office, women are more likely than men to vote for them. Using data from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems project, we tested gender affinity effects between female voters and female party leaders in mixed-sex legislative elections, that is, elections involving at least one female party candidate for prime minister, in parliamentary and semi-presidential systems. We analyzed 50 elections held from 1996 to 2016 in 24 countries. The results showed that female leaders were better evaluated by women and that women were more likely than men to vote for them. However, the gender affinity effects were small and not largely conditioned or not conditioned at all by other factors, such as some voters’ characteristics and electoral setting.

Peran Badan Kesatuan Bangsa Dan Politik Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Politik Pemilih Perempuan Melalui Pendidikan Politik Di Kabupaten Sukoharjo

This research aims to analyze the role of Bakesbangpol in increasing the political participation of female voters and determine the factors that influence the political participation of female voters in Sukoharjo Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data sources in the research include informants, namely heads of departments and staff members of domestic politics and community organizations as well as female voters participating in political education programs, events implementing political education programs at the Graha Satya Praja pavilion, as well as the Sukoharjo Regency Bakesbangpol strategic plan document for 2021-2026. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data collection techniques used were observation, direct in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The validity test technique uses triangulation of sources and methods. The data analysis technique used is an interactive analysis model which consists of four components including data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results are as follows. 1) Bakesbangpol Sukoharjo Regency has carried out its role as a facilitator by providing facilities and infrastructure, providing political education assistance, and having a focus on discussions related to political participation. Political education is carried out in the form of political socialization. 2) factors that influence the political participation of female voters in Sukoharjo Regency, namely a) political knowledge, female voters who have political knowledge will have the awareness to participate in political activities. b) family, family members, especially the husband, are factors that can influence a wife's choice. c) political stimulation, political education organized by Bakesbangpol is able to increase the knowledge of female voters and social media is able to influence the choices of female voters. d) work that is formed because of similarities is able to encourage individuals to adapt to behavior in the group.

Public perception of the role of the mass media in communicating the 2023 electoral process: a study of the gubernatorial elections in Delta State

The public's education and awareness of issues and events in their environment, particularly those related to elections, is greatly aided by the mass media. In addition to acting as a mobilizer, the media sets the agenda, dictating what the public believes. This study, however, looked at how the public perceived the mass media's role in disseminating information about the 2023 election process: a study of the Delta State gubernatorial elections. Focus groups and in-depth interviews were employed as data gathering tools in a qualitative study design. Twenty adult male and female voters who were registered to vote in the 2023 governor's race made up the sample size. Results indicated that the media provided information to voters about the different candidates in each political party, and that voters, or electorates, used this information to form their opinions about candidates. It was also found that the media did not report on the candidates in an unfair manner. Accordingly, the study suggests that more research be done to ascertain how messages from the mass media affected the electorate in Delta State during the 2023 election process. It also suggests comparing the functions of print, electronic, and social media in the state's electoral processes.

EVALUATING THE PERCEPTION OF MARKETING COMMUNICATION IN POLITICAL MARKETING FROM A GENERATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

The objective of this study is to examine whether there are disparities in the perception of marketing communication in political marketing among female voters based on different generations. This research distinguishes itself from previous studies in the field by focusing on assessing the perceptions of female voters according to their generational cohorts. To achieve this aim, a research model was proposed using a scale derived from existing literature, aligning it with the study's objective. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS 22 statistical package, employing descriptive statistics to ascertain the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. Various statistical analyses, including reliability testing, the KMO test, factor analysis, correlation analysis, ONEWAY ANOVA, and post hoc tests, were conducted on the dataset. The results of the factor analysis revealed the presence of three distinct factors, consisting of different sets of items, labeled as “Marketing Communication,” “Advertisement,” and “Political Product.” Based on the conducted analyses, it was concluded that the Baby Boomer generation may exhibit a higher sensitivity compared to other generations towards various advertising channels such as print and digital media, political leaders, and party rallies.

THE IMPACT OF POLITICAL MARKETING PERCEPTION ON POLITICAL PARTICIPATION

The leading objective of this study was to explore the impact of political marketing perception on political participation. For data collection, an online form was created through Google Forms and distributed to female voters living in Isparta who were over 18 years of age and eligible to vote in elections. Out of a total of 544 female participants who volunteered for the study and achieved the questionnaire in its wholeness, were contained in the analysis. Simple random sampling was engaged in this descriptive research model. Afterwards, the data were exposed to various statistical tests, including “Reliability,” “KMO test,” “Factor Analysis,” and “Regression Analysis,” using the SPSS 21 package program to specify the effect of political marketing perception on political participation in accord with the proposed research model. Seven factors were discovered in the dimensions of political participation among female voters, with each factor being labeled rooted in the items that built it. These factors were named as “Political Support,” “Preference Reason,” “Political Product,” “Media and Interest,” “Reward,” “Candidate,” and “Social Structure,” respectively. Additionally, three factors were identified in the dimensions of political marketing among female voters, and each factor was named based on the items that made up it. The factors were designated as “Marketing Communication,” “Advertisement,” and “Visibility,” accordingly. The study revealed that strong marketing communication could potentially deliver as a dynamic strategy to enhance a candidate’s performance and reputation in the opinion of voters. In this regard, political parties and candidates may take into consideration boosting their investment in marketing communication efforts to enact an improving connection with voters and manage a positive image.

A Contrastive Analysis Of Prefix In English And Batak

Indonesia is one of the big countries in the world consists of many islands which are separated by oceans and islands that has many tribes as well as their languages. One of the tribes in Indonesia is Bataknese. Batak are an ethnic group from North Sumatra. Most of Bataknese are living in North Sumatra. In this contrastive analysis, the writer chooses two languages, first, English as the source language and Batak Toba language as the target language. objectives of this study is restricted to investigating and describing the differences of the two languages about suffix in English and Toba Batak Language, that focus in prefix in meaning.This study was applied by descriptive qualitative design. The data was taken a news text with the titlle Ridwan Kamil is popular among female voters, Sandiaga Uno among male voters from kompas website.The findings describied that prefix meaning in english and batak language is different .Both the languages, have the different prefix with the different meaning for a word. In conclusion, that prefix in English and Batak language are different.

TIPE PARTISIPASI POLITIK PEREMPUAN PADA PEMILIHAN LEGISLATIF TAHUN 2019 DI KABUPATEN BOMBANA

The role of women in politics in almost all countries experiences obstacles, especially in developing countries, with both structural and cultural constraints. The structural constraints referred to are the level of education, economy, work of housewives, child care, and kitchen work. This work is identified as a second-class job that is difficult to balance with men when it comes to involvement in the public sector. While cultural constraints are cultural factors that place women in a private space where they have to live at home, women are always perceived as serving the family. Bombana District is one of the areas with a high level of female voter turnout and abstention for female voters. This study aims to determine the type of female voter participation in the 2019 legislative elections in Bombana District. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The types and sources of data in this study are using primary data and secondary data with observation data collection techniques, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the type of participation of female voters in the 2019 legislative elections in Bombana uses two types of participation, namely the type of passive participation and the type of golput participation.

Women Politicians in Participation and Participation of Women's Voices in Election 2019

Female voters outnumber male voters. However, until now, many female politicians who had failed to compete in the general election with male politicians. However, what factors make women’s voices in the 2019 general election whitewash, remains a questionable. The informants were taken from residents of DKI Jakarta, who represented Central Jakarta, Jakarta, South Jakarta, West Jakarta, North Jakarta, and East Jakarta that female voters chose female politicians based on attractive visuals, the party where the female politician joined, the vision and mission. There are also who choose based on advice from friends and some even choose on their own without a good reason. In addition, mass media and social media also play a role in influencing the election of female politicians. Framing carried out by the mass media or imaging in the media will greatly affect female voters in determining their choice. Meanwhile, for the mass media, it is clear that they are not in favor of women politicians. The framing given often focuses on the sexuality of female politicians rather than on their performance or intelligence. In social media, many politicians are highlighted by netizens from the point of view of their beauty. This has a negative impact that affects female voters in determining their choice in the 2019 election.
 Keywords: female voters, female politicians, 2019 election

Why does female voters prefer vote buying in local head elections?

This study aims to analyze the determinants of vote buying preferences among female voters in local head elections. We identify eight independent variables (education, income, welfare, happiness, risk-taking attitude, place of residence, age, and marital status) as a predictor of Y. This research used the 5th Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) data, which was collected by Rand Corporation, Ltd., during 2014 – 2015 in 13 (thirteen) provinces in Indonesia. The data were analyzed by logistic regression technique using STATA 15. The results showed that only four independent variables had a statistically significant relationship with Y: education level, risk-taking attitude, income level, and marital status. These four independent variables can explain Y by 2.48% significantly, X2 (4) = 357.23, p < 0.01. At the variable level, all variables have a negative relationship with Y, except for marital status (142%) which has the largest contribution to explain Y. The effect of income, risk-taking attituted, and education on Y respectively is 90.62%, 80.90%, 31.11%. The final model of logistic regression produces the characteristics of female voters who tend to choose candidates local head election due to money politics: education below senior high school/equivalent, married, poor, and not willing to take risks. The author recommends all governments at all levels continue the modernization process in all aspects of the social life of Indonesian citizens.

The influence of women’s representation on social spending in local government

ABSTRACT Compared to men, women tend to prioritize social services, which are usually the responsibility of local government. Female political representation often serves not only as an indicator for descriptive gender equality but also as a common policy instrument for substantive female representation. Yet, empirical evidence of female political representation’s influence on promoting female voters’ priorities is inconclusive. Examining the correlation between the percent of female politicians in Israeli local government and social spending from local government sources over nine budget years, this study shows that only education spending is influenced by female political representation and only when combined with a female mayor. Our main contribution is in showing that female representation in the local council on its own, without the representation of a female mayor, is insufficient for promoting female voters’ priorities.

Female representation and electoral clientelism: New insights from South African municipal electionss

Do citizens experience less electoral clientelism in polities with more elected female representatives? The current literature is remarkably silent on the role of gender and female political representation for electoral clientelism. Due to gender differences in issue priorities, targeted constituent groups, networks and resources, we argue that voters experience less clientelism in municipalities with a higher proportion of female politicians because either female politicians are likely to engage less in clientelism or women are less likely to be viable candidates in more clientelist settings. Through either mechanism, we expect all voters – and female voters in particular – to experience less exposure to clientelism in municipalities with higher female representation. We examine this idea using survey data from the 2016 municipal elections in South Africa – a country with high levels of female representation in politics but increasing problems of corruption and patronage in the political system. Our findings are consistent with the argument that municipalities with more elected female councilors have considerably lower rates of electoral clientelism and that this mostly affects whether female voters are targeted by clientelist distribution. These findings shed new light on how women's representation in elected political office shapes the incidence and use of clientelist distribution during elections.

Voter responses to female candidates' voice pitch: experimental evidence from Japan

AbstractPoliticians' voice pitch is known to affect voters' evaluation of the candidates in the US. But to what extent is this true outside of the American context? To address this question, we conducted an original survey experiment in Japan. Our findings are threefold. First, in contrast to previous studies, voters in Japan do not systematically prefer lower-pitched over higher-pitched female politicians. Second, our findings suggest heterogeneity in the effect of voice pitch by voters' gender – while Japanese women are indifferent as to female candidates' pitch levels, men are more likely to prefer female candidates who speak at lower pitch. Third, preliminary analyses reveal limited evidence that female candidates' political experience conditions the effect of voice pitch over voters' willingness to vote for that candidate. Our findings suggest that lowering pitch is likely to increase female candidates' electoral prospects by attracting male voters without backlash from female voters.

Analysis of Variables of Gender, Religiosity, Emotional Intelligence and Allowances for Women's Decisions to Become Leaders

<p>Some people think that men are the most perfect in terms of leadership. The fact states that in a religious environment, it iswrong for a woman to become a leader. However, at UIN Walisongo Semarang the number of female leaders is quite large. Women with emotional intelligence, the softer and more sensitive feelings they have, can also be one of the determining variables. Emotional intelligence is the ability to control oneself, have endurance when facing a problem, able to control impulses, motivate oneself, able to regulate moods, ability to empathize and build relationships with others. Another variable is about benefits. The existence of allowances is a good wind as additional income for the family's economy/finances. This research uses quantitative research methods. The variables of this study are variable X including: gender, religiosity, emotional intelligence, and benefits, variable Y namely: women's decision to become leaders. The subjects of this study were 45 female respondents, the respondents came from university level administrators, faculty and institutional levels. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study stated that there was a significant influence on the variables of gender, religiosity and emotional intelligence on women's decisions to become leaders. Meanwhile, there is no significant influence on the allowance variable on women's decisions to become leaders. In the gender variable, there is an ideological influence of gender roles on providing support to prospective female leaders in student organizations and there are ideological differences in the gender roles of female voters who choose female and male leaders. In the religiosity variable, leaders who have a transformative style who continue to motivate their employees and are supported by a high level of religiosity, the campus will develop and be able to compete well. In the emotional intelligence variable, one of the important factors that influence a woman to become a leader. Women have more empathy and can build better relationships. On the benefits variable, that benefits affect employee performance, but does not affect the decision making of a woman to become a leader.</p><p class="16"> </p>

Elimination Of the Long Kasra Sound and Its Reduction From (Huda) And Its Derivatives in The Noble Qur’an

This research aims to study the short and long female voters in Arabic in both vocal and semantic terms, and to highlight the Qur'anic use of these voters, because we found the wise male using them specifically in some contexts, and then to try to reach the connotations of these voices - which represent the spirit of languages - to the connotations of their deletion. The research came out in two topics: the first dealt with the theory of research such as introducing votes and talking about their exits and recipes, and the second dealt with the effect of deleting female voters in the Qur'an in both vocal and semantic terms, followed by Calibri as a Font Type and Font Size is 12. the conclusion in which we proved the results of the research.

EVALUATION OF STUDENTS’ OPINION ON THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN KOSOVO

The study explores the possibilities of increasing the involvement of young voters in the electoral process. It assesses the involvement of youth in the electoral process based on the responses of students majoring in Political Science and Jurisprudence in Kosovo. In-depth interviews were conducted as it is believed that the students in these areas are novice experts in the field of political science and jurisprudence. The research was conducted at UBT College is based in Prishtina, where students from different municipalities attain their higher education. It helps in identifying general trends in the country. The total number of students in each course is 80, every second student took part in the in-depth interview. As a part of the study, it is required to confirm whether the demographic characteristics of respondents influence their participation in elections. The results of the study showed that majority of the respondents were females, in the age group of 18-24 years, currently living in Pristina and are studying at the university. In Kosovo there is a high involvement of youth in the elections (57.5%), students participating in elections strive to change the future of their country (34.8%). However, it is possible to increase voters’ turnout among youth by increasing their interest in elections (23.6%), aligning party programs and candidates with the political interests of the voters (17.5%), and by considering the reasons why the voter cannot come to the polling station on the election day (11.8%). Conclusions: The results indicate high electoral activity among youth. In view of the findings, there is an opportunity to increase the involvement of young voters in the electoral process, and to increase voters’ turnout rate among young people in Kosovo. The results of the study in Kosovo are compared with the results of a similar research in Russia. It is believed that in Kosovo youth participation in elections is seen as an opportunity to influence political decisions, bring changes in the political course of the country. The study also concludes that participation in elections is influenced by demographic characteristics of the respondents. It is identified that in future, no successful party can afford to neglect the category of young and female voters.