Female Elementary School Research Articles

Urban-rural differences of free activities in children of age 11-14

Objectives: The problem of the research is to investigate the situation of free activities of primary school students in urban and rural areas in Kosovo. The subject of the research is male and female third level elementary school students (grades 6, 7, 8, 9) in urban and rural areas. In accordance with the object and the problem defined in this research, the main purpose of the research is also defined. The main purpose of this research is to determine what children do during their free time, as well as to look at the differences between children in urban and rural areas. Methods: The research was conducted in a sample consisting of 413 boys and girls (11 – 14) attending elementary school. The total sample includes 413 respondents, 202 boys and 211 girls. The sample is divided into the following sub-samples: 115 eleven year old male and female students, 144 twelve year old male and female students, 97 thirteen year old male and female students, 57 fourteen year old male and female students. The research material was collected in 2017. To assess what the students do more in their spare time a questionnaire called "My Lifestyle" was used. Results: Research results show that the most frequent forms of leisure time spending are: listening to music, meeting friends, playing with friends, reading books and watching videos/TV. The obvious reason for this may be the lack of access to sports equipment and facilities. Conclusion: This research shows that the level of wealthier (not very high both in households and in the whole country) can have an impact on the choice of activities undertaken by young people. Undoubtedly, social and cultural as well as traditional factors also have a great influence in the way of spending free time as can be seen in the case of this study.

Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris dengan Metode Cerita, Percakapan, Latihan, dan Karya Wisata Bagi Anak Usia Sekolah Di Dusun Sambisari, Kalasan, Sleman, Yogyakarta

English in the era Industrial Revolution 4.0 became the main requirement in various sectors. Indonesia educational fields gave attention for English subject so that became a local content subject in elementary school. In providing foreign language skills to elementary school children, it needs certain methods to suit their world. Learning English for elementary school children should be suitable for their needs, such learning through play, active learning, effective learning, and fun. The aim of community service is to know the learning methods that are more preffered by the elementary school children and to provide basic knowledge on kinds of material such ‘how to introduce your self’, ‘direction’, ‘5W + 1H’. From its activities, it is found that the learning methods that is most preffered by the female elementary school children are story telling method, while games method more chosen by the male of school age children. There is an increase in knowledge of participants related to basic material ‘how to introduce your self’, ‘direction’, ‘5W + 1H’, it is proven by the results of the post test that has been done. The knowledge value of participants as many as 15 elementary school age children before learning is ± 62.80 and after the community service is ± 80.33.Keywords: Learning English, elementary school age children, learning methods

Burnout and Self-Perceived Instructional Competence: An Exploratory Study of a Group of Italian Female Elementary School Teachers.

Since the first half of the 1980s, burnout in teachers has been the object of particular attention by many international authors. Teachers are subject, more than other professions, to numerous and heavy pressures, covering the peculiarity of the profession. The objectives of the present research are to measure the predictive role of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment on the quality of teaching in a group of elementary school teachers. We carried out a cross-sectional study involving 324 Sicilian female teachers, who worked in three school orders: Kindergarten, primary school, and the first year of middle school. Participants completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, the assessment teaching scale for primary school teachers (ECAD-EP), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). In reference to the level of burnout, the correlation analysis underlined the presence of a positive correlation between: Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization; and a negative correlation between exhaustion and depersonalization. Furthermore, a predictive role of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment on the quality of teaching in a group of primary school teachers was found.

한 초등학교 여자체육전담교사의 체육수업 전문성 개발의 첫 경험

한 초등학교 여자체육전담교사의 체육수업 전문성 개발의 첫 경험

Teachers’ and Children’s Experiences after an Acoustic Intervention and a Noise-Controlling Workshop in Two Elementary Classrooms

Introduction: Treating sources of noise is a novel aspect of voice ergonomics intended to enhance the preconditions for good voice production and easy listening. Objective: To improve experiences of listening and voice ergonomics in classrooms. Methods: Participants were two female elementary school teachers with voice symptoms and their pupils (n = 50). Two interventions were performed: the acoustic intervention and then the workshop intervention where the teachers and pupils were active. Teachers’ voice symptoms and pupils’ and teachers’ experiences of the interventions were elicited by questionnaire. Results: The teacher with many voice symptoms experienced more annoyance from sounds and benefitted more from the interventions. After the interventions both teachers suffered fewer voice breaks and voice symptoms such as lump and mucus in the throat. The pupils reported improvement in the teachers’ voice clarity and audibility (p = 0.001). Pupils aged 12–13 years were more annoyed by sounds than those aged 8–9 years (p = 0.003). The older pupils experienced less sound annoyance after both interventions and the younger ones after the workshop intervention. Conclusions: The importance of good acoustics and individuals’ ability to improve voice ergonomics and listening conditions was demonstrated.

Prevalence of obesity and overweight in elementary school students and their relationship with parents' weight status in Farsan, Iran

IntroductionObesity, as a multifactorial outcome is the result of a complex reaction among genetic talent, environment, and behavioral factors. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight among the elementary school students and their relationship with parents' weight status. MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 1189 randomly selected male and female elementary school students and their parents in 2017. The participants' anthropometric measures and their body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Other information such as parents' age, level of education, and occupation were investigated using private and face-to-face interviews. The weight status of parents and students were defined using the BMI classification and BMI percentiles, respectively. ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among male students (9.9% and 8.5%, respectively) was significantly higher than female students (8.6% and 3.4%, respectively). The frequency rates of overweight and obesity were 42.1 and 17.1 percent in fathers, while they were 43 and 25.8 percent in mothers, respectively. Obesity and overweight in students had a statistically significant relationship with their parental weight status. ConclusionIn Farsan city, 14.8 percent of students, 59.2 percent of fathers, and 68.8 percent of mothers were obese or overweight. These results were significantly different from similar areas. Moreover, a large percentage of obese and overweight students had obese or overweight parents. Therefore, educational interventions are recommended to change the lifestyle and diet habits of families with a positive history of obesity.

Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Parent Report (SDQ-PR) As Screening Instrument of Children Mental Health in Indonesia

This study aims at examining the agreement level between clinical diagnoses by a senior psychologist in the hospital and diagnoses/screening on Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire conducted by parents. Using ICD 10 (Indonesian version) as the gold standard, a clinical child psychologist diagnosed 253 male and female elementary school children aged 7-14 years old. Parents of the same children were requested to fill-out the SDQ questionnaire (SDQ-PR). Psychometric property of SDQ-PR was analyzed using Alpha Cronbach and Principal Axis Factoring Analysis. Screening quality of SDQ-PR was examined using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), Likelihood Ratio (LR+ and LR-), and Chi-square. Reliabilities of SDQ-PR in all subscales were (α = 0.562 to α = 0.684) except subscale of peer-problem (α = 0.174). Different from the original version of SDQ-PR that consists of 5 subscales, this study revealed 8 subscales. LR and ROC analyses for hyperkinetic revealed LR+ = 1.84 and LR– = 0.51, sensitivity = 67.6% and specificity = 63.3% with cut-off score ≥ 6. For behavior disorder, the LR+ = 2.3, LR- = 0.42, sensitivity = 70.96%, and specificity = 69.15% with cut-off score ≥ 4. As for behavior disorder the LR+ = 1.07, LR- = 0.94, sensitivity = 50%, specificity 53.27% with cut-off score ≥ 4. Chi-square score indicated a significant correlation between SDQ-PR and the diagnoses from child psychologist for hyperkinetic and behavior disorder, but not for an emotional problem.

Creative thinking process of female elementary school student with visual learning style in mathematical problem solving

In solving mathematical problems, the creative thinking process is basically assessed based on two indicators: creative processes and products. The creative process is the stage of creative thinking that includes generating ideas, planning problem solving, and producing problem solving. The process generates creative products should meet the aspects of fluency, flexibility, and novelty. The present study aims at describing the creative thinking process of elementary school students in solving mathematical problems. It involved female student who practiced visual learning style as the subject with the consideration the subject could generate a flexible product, but not an extraordinary product that meets the aspects of fluency and novelty. Data was collected through test and in-depth interview. The validity was done with data triangulation technique. The collected data were analyzed with transcription, categorization, reduction, interpretation and conclusion. The findings indicate that the creative thinking process of elementary school students in mathematical problem solving is realized through generating ideas (reading and examining images in the question) to identify information that is already known, to employ different approaches for planning problem solving, and to produce creative products that meet the aspect of flexibility. Nevertheless, the products have not fulfilled the aspects of fluency and novelty.

Transformational Leadership Creation Process The Life Experiences Of Female Elementary School Principal

Transformational Leadership Creation Process The Life Experiences Of Female Elementary School Principal

A Teacher's Dilemma in Creating a Democratic and Socially Just Classroom

This qualitative case study aims to understand teaching experiences of a recent graduate of a social justice-oriented program in the U.S. A female elementary school teacher, Lauren (pseudonym), a white Jewish woman in her mid-twenties, is involved in this study. It examines what dilemma(s) the teacher reports and how she copes with them. In-depth interviews and document collections are used as the means of data construction. Thematic and dialogic/performance analysis methods were utilized for data analysis. The analysis of the teacher’s case demonstrates that the competing discourses circulating in the school produced significantly different ideas of what a “good” teacher is and does; the differences constituted through the discourses created contradictions affecting the teacher’s lived experiences. It also shows that the teacher dealt with the dilemma by re-interpreting the discourses that they found limiting. This study confirms and, yet, extends the exiting body of research as it sheds lights on how the teachers’ experiences were shaped by and, simultaneously, re-framed the discourses surrounding her. Future directions for research and practice are discussed.

A Narrative Study on Administrator's Career Transition Process of Female Elementary School Teachers

A Narrative Study on Administrator's Career Transition Process of Female Elementary School Teachers

The impact of variability and distribution of practice on student’s learning of basketball throw skill

Purpose: The practice organization is an important factor in sports environment and education. This study aimed to investigate the impact of variability and distribution of practice on basketball throw skill learning among female elementary school students. Material: Based on the pre-test scores of 15 attempts (5 throw from any distances of 3, 3.5, and 4 meters), 90 volunteer participants were distributed in 6 homogeneous groups of 15 participants (three massed practice groups and three distributed practice groups with blocked, increasing, and decreasing practice arrangements). In acquisition stage, the participants practiced for 9 sessions. After 72 hours, all participants conducted the retention test. Changing the angle at a distance of 3.5 meters, the transfer test was conducted at the same day. Results: The findings showed that the variability and distribution of practice did not impact on participants’ performance in acquisition, retention, and transfer stages. Conclusions: For development of contextual interference effect, the variability in parameters of a motor program is not enough.

A Comparative Study of the Attitude of the Male and Female Elementary School Teachers towards Teaching Profession

<p>The process of education is shaped and made by the teachers who play a pivotal role in web of educational system. Teaching characteristically is a moral enterprise and its function is aimed at guiding and working desirable growth in others. The need to know more about teacher and teaching stems not only from the commonness of the phenomenon, but also from the realization that our notion of teacher and teaching guides our future endeavors. There is a dearth of empirical evidence about the attitude of teachers towards their profession. Quantitative research methodology was deployed using descriptive design. The study included 160 pre and in-service elementary school teachers for which equal representative was given to pre and inservice teachers and both genders. The participants included 80 male and 80 female teachers. A three point validated and reliable attitude scale was used to gather the data which comprised 30 statements. The results of the present study revealed that<br />the majority of teachers working in the elementary school and also the prospective one’s had less or not favorable attitude towards the teaching profession. The reasons for such attitude seemed to be justifiable, because of the working conditions and academic environment in schools as mentioned by the teachers were sufficient enough to be the great source of influence, development and reinforcement of a particular type of attitude. The study recommends the induction of teachers with the positive and more favorable attitude towards teaching profession. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> comparative, attitude, elementary school, teachers, teaching profession </p>

The infuence of head lice (pediculus humanus capitis) infestation to nutritional status and anemia occurence on female elementary school students

Infestation of head lice is obligate ectoparasite infestation, Pediculus humanus capitis in the form of eggs, nymphs, or adult fleas on the skin and hair of head. The disease is quite high especially on school-aged children in Indonesia. This ectoparasite can harm the host it occupies because it can suck blood and may cause anemia in infestations for a long time. This study aimed to determine the influences of head lice infestation (Pediculus humanus capitis) to nutritional status and anemia occurences of schoolgirl grade school in the Abeli Subdistrict coastal area, Kendari City. The research was an observational analytic study using cross sectional approach. The samples were 150 samples that selected by proportional stratified random sampling. Data obtained by measurements of height and weight to find the magnitude of Body Mass Indeks (BMI). The data were gained by using hemoglobin testing system quick check set for anemia assessment and either manually or instrumentally direct for lice assessment. The gained data results were processed by chi square, contingency coefficient, and Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) statistic test. The result showed, that was no influences of head lice infestation to nutritional status p-value = 0.470, (r = 0,204, POR = 1,54;95% CI = 0.616-3.886). That was a significant correlation between head lice infestation to anemia occurence, p = 0.021 (r = 0.204, POR = 2.564; 95% CI = 1,043-6302). The conclusion of this study was head louse infestation has no risk factors to nutritional status. While, head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestation correlated as risk factor for anemia on female elementary school students in coastal area.

Correlation between Nutritional Behavior, Obesity, and Overweight in Female Elementary School Students in Anzali

Correlation between Nutritional Behavior, Obesity, and Overweight in Female Elementary School Students in Anzali

Organizational Factors, Teachers’ Professional Development and Teaching Practices: Findings from Female Elementary School Teachers

Development of teaching competencies has always considered the most prolific dimension in teaching education. It assists teachers in teaching and in preparing to adopt more functional orientation practices beneficial towards teaching practice. This study aimed to investigate the antecedents of teachers’ teaching practices. Primary data through survey was collected from 377 female elementary school teachers from private sector schools based in Karachi. Smart PLS was used for data analysis. Findings of this study revealed a significant relationship among organizational factors, teachers’ professional development and teachers’ teaching practices. This paper contributes to existing knowledge by reporting new empirical evidences from female elementary school teachers. Hence, this research provides practitioners and policy makers with better insights into some practices that could improve teaching practices.

Relationship between Activity Noise, Voice Parameters, and Voice Symptoms among Female Teachers

Objective: Our interest was in how teachers’ voices behave during the delivery of lessons in core subjects (e.g., mathematics, science, etc.). We sought to evaluate the relationship between voice sound pressure level (SPL), vocal fundamental frequency (F₀), voice symptoms, activity noise, and differences therein during the first and the last lessons in core subjects of the day. Patients and Methods: The participants were 24 female elementary school teachers. Voice symptoms were evaluated by questionnaire. The data were recorded on 2 portable voice accumulators (VoxLog) from the first and last lessons of the day. The versions of accumulators differed by frequency weighting; therefore, the analysis and the results of noise and voice SPL were treated separately: unweighted (group 1) and A-weighted (group 2). Results: Difference in voice SPL followed difference in activity noise. F₀ increased between the first and last lessons. Correlations were found between differences in the noise and the voice symptoms of tiredness and dryness. Irritating mucus was associated with high F₀ during the first lesson. Conclusion: An apparent increase in voice loading due to the activity noise was observed during lessons in core subjects. Collaboration between specialists in voice and acoustics and teachers and pupils is needed to reduce this voice loading.

또래집단의 비행경험이 초등학생 비행경험에 미치는 영향 : 공격성의 매개효과를 중심으로 －남녀 초등학생 비교－

또래집단의 비행경험이 초등학생 비행경험에 미치는 영향 : 공격성의 매개효과를 중심으로 －남녀 초등학생 비교－

The Impact of Daily Physical Education on Perceptual Speed and PACER Laps Over Time

Developmental research has demonstrated that Perceptual Speed is related to higher cognitive abilities and linked to increases in fitness and physical activity participation. Epidemiological research has also shown that there is an inverse relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and all-cause mortality. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of 45 minutes of daily physical education on Perceptual Speed and on fitness performance among youth attending Legacy Charter School. METHODS: An analysis of variance (ANOVA) mixed effect linear model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of 45 minutes of daily physical education and Perceptual Speed among youth in grades 2nd-5th attending Legacy Charter, a Title I school in the southeastern US. Gain scores (final post-test assessment in May 2016 - pre-test assessment in September 2014) were calculated and analyzed for significance. The interaction between school and time was estimated for each outcome. Each analysis was stratified by gender and adjusted by age to control for baseline differences by school. A Title I control school who provided physical education once per week was identified and utilized as a comparison. RESULTS: Legacy Charter School students observed significant gain increases on: 2 of 4 (p<.05) Perceptual Speed sections, including the Total section, compared to 0 of 4 for the control (p<.05). When stratified by gender, Legacy Charter females observed significant gain score increases on 3 of 4 sections. In particular, significant increases were observed in the Total section (Gain Score=14.14; F=8.17; df=1,162; p=0.005) over time. On the PACER fitness test, Legacy Charter School students observed significant gain score increases (Gain Score=9.75; F=64.07; df=1; p=0.000) over time. Legacy Charter School males and females also demonstrated significant increases in gain scores on the PACER test (Males: Gain Score=11.59; F=40.58; df=1,170; p=0.000) (Females: Gain Score=8.06; F=27.26; df=1,166; p=0.000). CONCLUSION: 45 minutes of daily physical education led to increases in Perceptual Speed and fitness performance among Legacy Charter male and female elementary school students over time from 2014 to 2016. Funded by Campbell Young Leaders.

Impact of theory-based educational intervention on explaining preventive pediculosis infestation behavior among primary school students.

BackgroundDespite the fact that improved health, social, and economic situations have significantly affected the reduction of its infestation, pediculosis is still spreading worldwide.AimThis study is conducted to evaluate the explanatory power of health belief model constructs in adoption of preventive pediculosis infestation behavior in female primary school students.MethodsThis study involves two stages. First, a cross-sectional study was conducted. In the second stage, a quasi-experimental intervention was performed. One hundred eighty female elementary school students in Omidiyeh County were randomly selected in two 90-subject groups (experimental and control). Samples were matched in two groups in terms of demographic variables. A group of educational intervention was based on the most effective construct of the first stage; and the educational intervention of control group was based on the low-effective construct. The path analysis and LISREL 8.5 software was utilized to compare the fit and the variance cover percentage of adopting preventive pediculosis infestation behaviors.ResultsAccording to the pre-intervention findings, there was no significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms of factors affecting the adoption of preventive pediculosis infestation behavior. This model had a weaker fit in the experimental than the control group, but these indices had better status after intervention in the experimental than the control group. Meanwhile, the cover percentage of explained variance for the experimental group after educational intervention was higher than pre-intervention, but it was lower in the control group. Finally, health belief model constructs (including the knowledge, cue to action, perceived susceptibility and severity, perceived benefits and barriers, and self-efficacy) in the experimental group, had better fit after the educational intervention compared with pre-intervention.ConclusionEfficiency of the health belief model was approved for adopting preventive pediculosis infestation behavior in female primary school students. The future intervention studies should utilize the structural equation modeling approach separately in experimental and control groups to compare the changes in behavior between different demographic groups in the field of pediculosis infestation behavior.