Feelings Of Mood Research Articles

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AITYS GENRE AMONG KAZAKH AND TURKISH PEOPLE

Aitys is a special genre that occupies a special place in our national literature. All types of aitys require eloquence, mobility, and ingenuity. In Kazakh and Turkish literature this genre is in accord with social, socio-political issues. Using jokes, humor and satire in their improvised verses two poets compose dialogue on significant changes and various social phenomena within the country. At the same time by giving a clear, rational reply to the opponent, one can be on an advantageous position. Poets also use this aitys genre of verses competition to convey their inner feelings of mood. At all times, aitys genre can be called a mirror of its era. Therefore, the study of such diverse characteristics and specific features of the aitys genre, its generality as a harbinger of social situations is considered one of the main tasks of the science of Kazakh literary studies.
 Improvisational talent is the natural talent of the poet. Aitys genre requires great responsibility and deep knowledge in different spheres. Accepting the advantages of other poets in his/her environment and advancing his/her knowledge should be considered as the stage of the poet's ascension.
 Kazakh aitys genre works have more improvisational feature, have a large and artistic content, descriptive of a long chronicle about the country’s and people’s life, while the assonant rhymes of Turkish atyshma are subject to a special condition and certain rules of artistic schedule. It can be said that the basis of both theatrical and dramatic art is connected here. A characteristic feature of Kazakh and Turkish traditions is their formation in ancient times, when both nations had a common spiritual heritage and even a common stat.
 Aitys is a common heritage of the Turkic people. Aytys genre is a phenomenon of the Turkic-speaking peoples culture that spread orally.
 As the object of the study was selected and considered the artifacts of the ancient Turkic era, the first versions of aitys, as well as the works by folk poets of the XIX-XX centuries and the Kazakh and Turkish aitys types, which are main subjects for the research relevance.
 The article analyzed deeply the division of the aitys genre into subtypes, its methods, features and similarities among the Turkic peoples based on the opinions and conclusions of Kazakh and Turkish scientists.

Internalizing Symptoms Among Youth in Foster Care: Prevalence and Associations with Exposure to Maltreatment

Among youth in foster care (N = 303, aged 11–17 years), we investigated prevalence of internalizing symptoms; associations between symptom level and maltreatment types and numbers; and the interaction between gender and maltreatment, on internalizing symptoms. Youth completed Spence Children Anxiety Scale, Short Mood Feelings Questionnaire, and Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen. Compared to community samples, symptom levels above clinical cut-off was more frequent, with social- and generalized anxiety (ES = 0.78–0.88) being most prevalent among youth in foster care. Girls reported more internalizing symptoms (ES = 0.59–0.93). Sexual abuse and neglect were associated with a broader range of internalizing symptoms (ES = 0.35–0.64). Increased incidence of maltreatment was associated with increased levels of symptoms (ES = 0.21–0.22). Associations between maltreatment and symptom level were stronger for girls. This study stresses the importance of broad screening of maltreatment and internalizing symptoms to meet the needs of youth in foster care.

The effect of flaxseed on physical and mental fatigue in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity: a randomised controlled trial.

Anti-inflammatory agents such as long-chain n-3 fatty acids have been recognised to improve disease-related fatigue. We hypothesised that α-linolenic acid may also benefit in reduction of fatigue in low-grade inflammation such as overweight/obesity. Seventy-two healthy children and adolescents with BMI > 25 kg/m2 were randomised to flaxseed (n 38) and puffed wheat (n 34) groups. Participants consumed isoenergetic amounts of either 20 g/d flaxseed or 25 g/d puffed wheat for 4 weeks. Fatigue, mood feelings (depression, anxiety and stress), appetite, energy intake, weight, height and waist circumference were measured. Analysis was performed based on per-protocol and intention-to-treat (ITT) approaches. Consumption of flaxseed decreased mental fatigue and caused a significant between-group difference (P < 0·001). Although no significant change in physical and total score of fatigue was observed in either group, a significant between-group difference occurred due to a more remarkable change in these parameters in the flaxseed group. General fatigue, motivation, activity and mood feelings did not change significantly between groups. Flaxseed showed less benefit than puffed wheat on anthropometric measures as it caused a smaller increase in height (0·53 (sd 0·89) v. 1·09 (sd 0·87) cm, P = 0·03) and reduction in BMI (-0·25 (sd 0·63) v. -0·67 (sd 0·56) kg/m2, P = 0·01) than puffed wheat. Appetite and waist circumference decreased in both groups, but no significant difference was observed between groups. In ITT analysis, only alteration in mental fatigue was significant. In conclusion, consumption of flaxseed may improve mental fatigue in children with overweight/obesity. However, because of smaller increase in height, it is better to hinder administration of flaxseed during periods of growth.

The lived experience of healthy adults following a ketogenic diet: A qualitative study

Background. Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets (VLCKDs) promote benefits for a range of health conditions. However, there is little research elucidating the ‘lived experience’ of individuals undertaking these diets, and the effects of keto-induction, during adaptation to these diets. Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the subjective experiences of people following a very low carbohydrate, ketogenic diet. Design. This paper describes the qualitative experiences of twenty-eight non-obese, non-diabetic participants, (2 males, 26 females: age ± SD: 35 ± 4 y) in a randomised controlled trial to test the effects of medium chain triglyceride (MCT) supplementation in a VLCKD on time to nutritional ketosis (NK), symptoms of keto-induction, and mood. The experience provided by the diet was rated by a free-form daily diary entry and post-study focus group. Diary entries and focus group transcription were coded inductively and grouped into common themes. Results. Twenty-three participants completed the 3-week study. Physical effects accounted for over 28% of references. Other results were categorised as; mood, energy and cognition (23%), satiety and hunger (16%), cravings and temptation (11%), and sleep (8%). Overall, 49% of references were classified as ‘positive’ with 8% neutral, and 43% negative. Positive impressions were higher after participants had achieved nutritional ketosis and negative impressions higher during keto-induction. Negative impressions, both concerning physical symptoms and feelings of mood and well-being, tended towards improvement over the course of the study, and positive impressions improved. However, there was a large variation in responses, and several respondents reported adverse effects throughout the study. Conclusion. Despite challenges, especially gastrointestinal effects, the overall perception of the diet was positive, and it provided benefits for wellbeing, mood, sleep, and sugar cravings which tended towards improvement over the course of the study. Negative experiences decreased as participants adapted to the VLCKD. Most participants continued post-study, using a lower-carbohydrate diet, due to these perceived benefits. Our findings suggest that the experience of a VLCKD is positive but variable. Further research on individual tolerance and response to low carbohydrate diets is warranted.

Perceptual Responses to Exercise Heat‐Stress in Smokers versus Non‐Smokers

Physiological and psychological/mental stress occurs as individuals undergo exercise‐ heat stress. The latter can include perceptual measures, feelings of mood, and cognition performance. Decrements in these may lead to a decrease in productivity and motivation. Prior work suggests that smokers and non‐smokers have physiological differences, thus it is possible that smokers perceive exercise heat‐stress differently. It is important to understand how smokers “feel” during heat stress, especially when they are being physically active.PurposeThe purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether exercise heat stress has negative cognitive and perceptual effects on smokers versus non‐smokers.MethodsThree current male smokers (SMK: 20.6 ± 2.3 yr; 6 ± 1.7 cigarettes/day; 86.6 ± 10.2 kg; 21 ± 3.1% body fat) and 3 non‐smokers (N‐SMK: 24.6 ± 5.1 yr; 80.3 ± 3.6kg; 20.7 ± 8.2% body fat) participated in an experimental trial consisting of subjects performing 60 total minutes of cycling. Specifically, there were three 20‐minute exercise periods with two 20 minute rest periods in between each exercise bout. Participants cycled at a target metabolic heat production of 6 watts/kg in an environmental chamber at 40°C, 35 % relative humidity. The subject's internal temperature (Trec ) via rectal thermistor, mean body temperature (Tbody), heart rate and perceptual measures were collected every 5 and 15 minutes throughout each exercise and rest periods. Perceptual measures included perceived exertion, thirst, thermal sensation, muscle pain, motivation to continue, feeling and comfort.ResultsDuring the experimental trial, Trec at baseline for SMK and N‐SMK was 37.36±0.15 and 37.43±0.7°C, respectively; at the end of exercise (i.e., min 60) Trec was 38.03±0.2 and 38.34±0.7°C. Tbody for SMK and N‐SMK at the end of exercise was 39.5±0.16 and 39.7±0.7°C, respectively. HR was similar in SMK (132 ± 16.7 bpm) vs. N‐SMK (133±19.1 bpm). At the end of the last exercise bout the final perceptual ratings for SMK and N‐SMK were 10±3 and 11±1 for RPE, 4±2 and 4±3 for Thirst, 4.7±0.6 and 5.6±0.3 for Thermal, 1.3±0.6 and 1.2±0.8 for Muscle Pain, 4±2 and 4±1 for motivation to continue, 3±2 and 2±1 and for feeling and 2±1 and 2±1 for comfort.ConclusionIn this pilot study, when exercising at a similar relative rate of metabolic heat production, smokers had similar physiological responses. Likewise, the perceptual variables obtained were also similar between smokers and non‐smokers. This has implications for occupational settings in which smokers are heat stressed and trying to complete tasks that involve cognitive thought processes.Support or Funding InformationFunding provided by: Arkansas Department of Higher Education and the University of ArkansasThis abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.