CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AITYS GENRE AMONG KAZAKH AND TURKISH PEOPLE

Abstract

Aitys is a special genre that occupies a special place in our national literature. All types of aitys require eloquence, mobility, and ingenuity. In Kazakh and Turkish literature this genre is in accord with social, socio-political issues. Using jokes, humor and satire in their improvised verses two poets compose dialogue on significant changes and various social phenomena within the country. At the same time by giving a clear, rational reply to the opponent, one can be on an advantageous position. Poets also use this aitys genre of verses competition to convey their inner feelings of mood. At all times, aitys genre can be called a mirror of its era. Therefore, the study of such diverse characteristics and specific features of the aitys genre, its generality as a harbinger of social situations is considered one of the main tasks of the science of Kazakh literary studies.
 Improvisational talent is the natural talent of the poet. Aitys genre requires great responsibility and deep knowledge in different spheres. Accepting the advantages of other poets in his/her environment and advancing his/her knowledge should be considered as the stage of the poet's ascension.
 Kazakh aitys genre works have more improvisational feature, have a large and artistic content, descriptive of a long chronicle about the country’s and people’s life, while the assonant rhymes of Turkish atyshma are subject to a special condition and certain rules of artistic schedule. It can be said that the basis of both theatrical and dramatic art is connected here. A characteristic feature of Kazakh and Turkish traditions is their formation in ancient times, when both nations had a common spiritual heritage and even a common stat.
 Aitys is a common heritage of the Turkic people. Aytys genre is a phenomenon of the Turkic-speaking peoples culture that spread orally.
 As the object of the study was selected and considered the artifacts of the ancient Turkic era, the first versions of aitys, as well as the works by folk poets of the XIX-XX centuries and the Kazakh and Turkish aitys types, which are main subjects for the research relevance.
 The article analyzed deeply the division of the aitys genre into subtypes, its methods, features and similarities among the Turkic peoples based on the opinions and conclusions of Kazakh and Turkish scientists.