Feeding Ports Research Articles

Additively Manufactured Dual Circularly Polarized Antennas With Bidirectional Same-Sense Radiation and Wide Bandwidth Characteristics

This communication presents two additively manufactured bidirectional circularly polarized (CP) antennas. Each antenna radiates the same-sense CP waves in opposite directions and has the capability of altering the CP state to either right-hand CP (RHCP) or left-hand CP (LHCP) by switching the feeding ports. They adopt the same scheme of combining a linearly polarized (LP) bidirectional source and two polarizers of the same type. Different polarizers, a single-slab dielectric polarizer (Ant 1) and a linearly tapered slot polarizer (Ant 2), are proposed and applied for them, respectively. The LP source adopts a circular waveguide-based structure. By altering the orthogonal degenerate modes in the waveguide, the CP states can be switched correspondingly. To validate the design ideas, prototypes of the two antennas are fabricated and tested. Experimental results show that the axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of Ant 1 and Ant 2 is 30.3% (4.9–6.66 GHz) and 17.9% (5.26–6.3 GHz), respectively. Within the ARBW, their gain is 8.4± 0.8 and 7.2± 1 dBic, respectively. These results demonstrate that both antennas exhibit the advantages of wide band, high gain, and ease of fabrication over the conventional designs.

Reconfigurable polarization and pattern microstrip antenna for IRNSS band applications

In this article, polarization and pattern reconfigurable antenna is designed for 2.492 GHz Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) band. The proposed antenna consists of a square radiating element fed with quad coaxial probes for polarization reconfigurability. It is surrounded by switch loaded octagonal parasitic ring for pattern beamwidth reconfigurability. RF switch loaded Electronically feeding network is used to fed the proposed antenna. The right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) is realized by exciting feed ports in the antenna with 90° phase difference. At the same time switch loaded parasitic ring provides the pattern beamwidth reconfigurability for designed circularly polarized antenna. To verify the proposed design, a prototype is fabricated and tested experimentally. The measured axial ratio is well-below 3 dB in polarization mode. The measured 3 dB beam-width of the elevation gain patterns for the horizontal field component (Gϕ) varies between 107.40°∼113.51° and 74°∼77.55° in pattern reconfigurable modes. The maximum gain of 6.46 dBi is achieved in both polarization and pattern reconfigurable mode. The proposed antenna is intended for the IRNSS navigation receiver system and designed to minimize the effect of interference incident on the antenna by narrowing the pattern beamwidth near the horizon.

Reconfigurable Antenna for sub-6 GHz and C band Applications

The future of 5G New Radio (NR) development has many significant concerns. To overcome the working frequency band issue, a frequency-reconfigurable patch antenna based on pin diodes is presented and investigated. The antenna's compact dimensions (30 mm x 20 mm x 1.6 mm) are due to its construction on FR-4 substrate material with a relative permittivity of = 4.4. A feed port and two switches allow frequency reconfiguration in the antenna module. C-band service is provided by this antenna module's ability to switch between operating at 3.4 GHz, 4.8 GHz, and 7.5 GHz. Simulation of the proposed antenna is accomplished in the CST microwave studio. The presentation and discussion of the radiation pattern and S parameter demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed antenna. Antenna module's size and performance are both precisely appropriate.

Extremely Compact Interconnected Half-Mode Cavity Antennas With Enhanced Isolation for MIMO System

We propose the interconnected half-mode cavity antennas (HMCAs) with enhanced isolation that have a very close center-to-center distance of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.13 \lambda _{0} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> . First, by both tuning the differential mode (DM)-first impedance through a pair of inductors and creating an extra coupling path through the feeding branches, the half-mode of the cavity could be formed, and the isolation between the dual feeding ports in a single cavity could be greatly enhanced from 2 to 25–50 dB over the working band from 4.9 to 5.1 GHz. Then, we extend the dual-port to four-port HMCAs with a total length of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.54 \lambda _{0} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> through the connection of dual cavities, and the isolation between the adjacent cavities could be enhanced from 7 to better than 23 dB by employing the tuning lines to tune the common mode (CM)-second impedance. Furthermore, the extremely compact interconnected eight-port HMCAs are presented with a total length of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.08 \lambda _{0} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> . Finally, the experimental results also validate the effectiveness of our proposed HMCAs with excellent decoupling performance. Our proposed design should provide promising application values for the extremely compact multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems.

Design of a Compact Dual-Frequency Microstrip Antenna using DGS Structure for Millimeter-Wave Applications

In this paper, a Millimeter-wave (MMW) antenna has been proposed for a current and future wireless application. The proposed model has two resonances at 30.5 GHz and 52.4 GHz. The proposed model has been designed and optimized using a commercial electromagnetic simulator (CST-Studio) and focused on attaining a return loss rate that is lower than -10 dB. The proposed MMW models are built on a small thick Rogers Substrate (RT-5880) with h = 0.508 mm for the thickness, relative permittivity of εr = 2.2, and tanδ = 0.0009 for the loss tangent, while the substrate has a width w_s equal to 6 mm and a length l_s equal to 6 mm. The design process of the model came at three steps, the first step after mathematical calculations has an output of model which has feeding port of 50 ohm with a feedline base length l_b of 0.5 mm and a feedline length l_f of 3 mm, the second step was by using the tapering techniques for enhancing matched impedance after initial calculations to have a length of tapering l_t equal to 1.8 mm, then finally extracting four corner slots to the patch for creating the final proposed model. The previous design process is to assure reliability, mobility, and high efficiency for the proposed antenna. The advantages of this model are the small size, low profile, low fabrication cost, and straightforward design structure. The proposed design can be employed for a variety of Millimeter-wave applications like wireless personal area network (WPAN) and 5G application in some countries like Colombia and Mexico. The proposed model has a moderate gain of 3 dBi to 7 dBi at resonance frequencies of 30.5 GHz and 52.4 GHz, which is one of the unique characteristics of the proposed antenna. The impedance bandwidth is between 28.7 Ghz and 32.6 GHz, which is equal 3.9 GHz, and 49.7 GHz to 56.2 GHz, which is equal to 6.5 GHz respectively for the proposed model, and satisfying efficiency of about 75% and 87% as calculated by CST -Studio, and a VSWR is equal to 1, All of these positive results are more than enough to satisfy the needs of millimeter-wave wireless applications.

Design of a Dual-Polarization Dipole Antenna for a Cylindrical Phased Array in Ku-Band

This paper proposes a dual-polarization dipole antenna for a cylindrical phased array working in Ku-band. The dipole antenna is double-layer structured and is composed of two orthogonal butterfly shaped dipole radiators, two ground co-planar waveguide (GCPW) feeding structures and vias. Each dipole is in the shape of a butterfly. The dipole patch is grooved triangularly and one side of it is bent into an N shape, which effectively expands the working frequency band of the antenna. The double-layer structure improves the isolation between the antenna ports. The antenna works between 15 GHz to 16.2 GHz and the isolation between the antenna’s two feeding ports in this band is better than 20 dB. The proposed dipole antenna is applied in a 32-element cylinder array. The simulation and measured results show that the array can scan between −60° to +60° in the azimuth plane with a gain fluctuation less than 2.5 dB. Therefore, the proposed design is an attractive candidate for conformal devices at Ku-band frequencies, and it also has a great potential for application in larger antenna arrays.

A Planar 4-Bit Reconfigurable Antenna Array Based on the Design Philosophy of Information Metasurfaces

Inspired by the design philosophy of information metasurfaces based on the digital coding concept, a planar 4-bit reconfigurable antenna array with low profile of 0.15 λ 0 (where λ 0 is the wavelength) is presented. The array is based on a digital coding radiation element consisting of a 1-bit magnetoelectric (ME) dipole and a miniaturized reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS). The proposed 1-bit ME dipole can provide two digital states of “0” and “1” (with 0° and 180° phase responses) over a wide frequency band by individually exciting its two symmetrical feeding ports. The designed RTPS is able to realize a relative phase shift of 173°. By digitally quantizing its phase in the range of 157.5°, additional eight digital states at intervals of 22.5° are obtained. To achieve low sidelobe levels, a 1:16 power divider based on the Taylor line source method is employed to feed the array. A prototype of the proposed 4-bit antenna array has been fabricated and tested, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulations. Scanning beams within a ±45° range were measured with a maximum realized gain of 13.4 dBi at 12 GHz. The sidelobe and cross-polarization levels are below –14.3 and –23 dB, respectively. Furthermore, the beam pointing error is within 0.8°, and the 3-dB gain bandwidth of the broadside beam is 25%. Due to its outstanding performance, the array holds potential for significant applications in radar and wireless communication systems.

Multiport Pixel Antenna Optimization Using Characteristic Mode Analysis and Sequential Feeding Port Search

An optimization approach for multiport pixel antenna design using <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -port characteristic mode analysis (CMA) and sequential feeding port selection is proposed. CMA is utilized to characterize the maximum number of independent or orthogonal resonant modes that can be formed in the limited space constrained by the size of the pixel antenna. Once the maximum number of orthogonal resonance modes is found sequential feeding port selection is proposed to find the optimum feed positions to independently excite each of the orthogonal resonance modes. The resulting design does not need additional complex feeding networks or impedance matching circuits, making the physical implementation of the design straightforward, compact and practical. Two examples are provided to verify the performance of the proposed approach, including a 3-port pixel antenna and a 4-port pixel antenna operating at 2.4 GHz. The performance of the optimized antennas is very good, and verifies the usefulness of the proposed approach.

A Novel Design of Flat-Top Beamforming Anti-Multipath Antenna

This article discusses a novel design method of wide-beam circular polarization array antenna for satellite navigation. For special applications such as satellite navigation guiding aircraft landing, high-performance ground reference station antennas are required. In the system of satellite navigation guiding aircraft landing, the antenna of satellite navigation receiver needs to have the following radiation characteristics: the shape of antenna pattern is close to an ideal hemisphere, the upper half of space has uniform right-hand circular polarization gain, and the beam has the characteristic of sharp cutoff below 5 degrees of elevation. Whether the GNSS reference station antenna can have a wider beam circular polarization characteristic to receive more navigation satellites signal; whether it can suppress the multipath effect to a greater extent to reduce the multipath error; and whether it can work in a wider frequency band, so that several major satellite navigation systems work together, the above factors directly affect the satellite navigation and positioning accuracy of the entire system. The beam of this antenna has the following feature: sharp cutoff near the horizon for multipath mitigation at low elevation angles. Comprehensive design thereby accelerates system design. It owns wide beam, good circular polarization characteristics, low elevation angle sharp cutoff, and ultralow sidelobe radiation characteristics that achieve the purpose of receiving satellite navigation signal and multipath. The low sidelobe characteristic of the antenna is beneficial to suppress multipath effect. According to the theoretical knowledge of the symmetrical dipole and the four-arm helical antenna, the simple structure of the symmetrical element is fully utilized, and the printed balun easily realizes the dual-frequency operation of the antenna. Combined with the wide-beam circular polarization characteristic of the four-arm helical antenna structure, the shaped beam array antenna is designed. The wide-beam circularly polarized antenna unit not only covers the frequency band of the satellite navigation system but also satisfies the system performance and key feature requirements of the array antenna for the unit; that is, it satisfies the wide-beam circular polarization characteristics of the upper half space. According to the linear array basic theory and array antenna synthesis theory, Woodward Lawson sampling synthesis algorithm is used to synthesize the array amplitude and phase weights corresponding to the specific antenna pattern required for the Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) engineering. The shaped beam array antenna consists of 21 units, of which 11 antenna units are directly fed, and the feeding ports of the rest are dummy ports. It is an equally spaced array antenna. The spacing between antenna units is close to half wavelength. They are fed according to the value corresponding to the excitation function. The array antenna is simulated by HFSS (High-Frequency Structure Simulator). Compared with traditional satellite navigation antennas, the antenna in this paper has excellent front-to-rear ratio and flat-top beam pattern. The results show that the wide-beam circularly polarized array antenna meets the engineering requirements of GBAS applications and lays the solid foundation for GBAS engineering applications.

A Direction-Sensitive Microwave Sensor for Metal Crack Detection

For metal crack nondestructive detection, most conventional crack sensors are unable to realize the crack direction detection. In this work, a direction-sensitive microwave sensor is proposed for metal crack detection. The proposed sensor consists of a rectangular patch resonator and two perpendicular coupled feeding ports, which improves the current distribution on patch surface and the sensitivity for crack direction detection. The performances of the proposed sensor are verified by simulation and measurement experiments. The results show that the width sensitivities of two feeding ports are 100 MHz/mm and 63.3 MHz/mm, respectively, and the sensitivity of the sensor for crack direction detection are 6.10 MHz/5 degrees and 1.93 MHz/5 degrees, respectively. Due to the advantages of a simple structure, low profile, large coverage area and high sensitivity, the proposed sensor has a great application potential in nondestructive detection fields.

High-Isolated Coupling-Grounded Patch Antenna Pair With Shared Radiator for the Application of 5G Mobile Terminals

We propose a coupling-grounded patch (CGP) antenna pair for sharing the same radiator with the high isolation performance, where the two feeding ports are connected through such shared radiator with very close distance of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.1 \lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . More specifically, two coupling pins (C-pins) grounded on the symmetry plane of the radiator are shown to be capable of tuning the common mode (CM) impedance to be the same as the differential mode (DM) impedance, thus a very high isolation of such patch antenna pair is obtained. Both simulation and measurement results demonstrate that the isolation of the patch antenna pair could be greatly improved from the original 3 dB to approximately 25–50 dB in the N79 band (4.8–4.9 GHz). Furthermore, the extension to four-port antennas is also investigated. The proposed patch antenna pair with less occupied area provides significant promising application values for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, especially for the sophisticated fifth-generation (5G) mobile terminals.

Design of a 2-Bit wide-angle coding metasurface for bistatic RCS reduction

A 2-bit wide-angle coding metasurface is proposed to decrease the bistatic radar cross section (RCS) in this study. Each meta-atom of the designed coding metasurface is composed of a wide-beamwidth microstrip antenna whose feeding port is loaded with an open stub. There are globally four phase-coding states, namely, “00,” “01,” “10,” and “11,” which are achieved in a wide-angle range through an elaborate design of the lengths of the open stubs. Simulation results indicate that, for each meta-atom, the reflective amplitude is above −1 dB, and the reflective phase difference between two adjacent coding states is limited in the range of 90° ± 25° at 8 GHz at incident angles, 0°, 20°, 40°, and 60°. In addition, the generalized Rudin–Shapiro (RS) polynomial is applied to design the coding sequence of the metasurface array to reduce bistatic RCS. A 16 × 16 metasurface array is simulated, manufactured, and measured to validate the bistatic RCS reduction. The simulated results perfectly agree with the experimental results when the incidence angle of the 8 GHz plane wave is within 60°, which shows that the coding metasurface is practical and valid.

Broadband Fixed-Beam Leaky-Wave Antenna With Consistent and High Gain Based on Ridge Gap Waveguide

In most communication scenarios, antennas are often required to achieve broadband and directional radiation, and beam squint with frequency is unfavorable for broadband signal transmission. The traditional leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) have beam squint with frequency. In this letter, an LWA with fixed beam direction in a broadband is designed with consistent gain over the band. A ridge gap waveguide (RGW) is adopted to construct a nondispersive structure, and one lateral side is connected to a parallel plate filled with dielectric slab. Thus, leakage radiation is produced at the interface between the RGW and the parallel plate, generating a beam with fixed direction and high gain. The novelty is that in theory the fixed beam can be realized in infinite band owing to the nondispersive waveguide. Finally, a broad band of up to 58% (from 22 to 40 GHz) is achieved due to the limitations of the stopband structure and feeding port. The measured beam is fixed at 41° over the whole band, with a slight beam deviation of 2.6°. The realized gain is consistent over the band with a peak gain of 19.3 dBi. The designing method provides a simple and efficient way to realize the broadband fixed-beam LWAs.

Analysis of factors affecting microwave heating of natural gas hydrate combined with numerical simulation method

As a clean and abundant unconventional natural gas resource, natural gas hydrate (NGH) holds the characteristics of safety, high efficiency and sustainable exploitation, which helps to alleviate the energy shortage of China, reduce the foreign-trade dependence of oil and gas, and ensure the national energy security. Microwave heating is a significant method that has been used in natural gas hydrate exploration. By using the microwave heating, the NGH in the reservoir formations would be heated, decomposed and stimulated thanks to taking advantage of microwave heating's unique characters: efficiency, high speed, clean and pollution-free. This paper established the temperature under microwave heating gas hydrate distribution theory model, and by using the finite element method for simulating temperature field of microwave heating gas hydrate, this paper analyzed the natural gas hydrate in the microwave field temperature distribution in the influencing factors. Microwave has a significant heating effect on the hydrate reservoir in the immediate vicinity of wellbore, and it is not affected by the initial conditions of reservoir. The temperature can rise to above 50°C within 1 h which is higher than the phase equilibrium temperature at the time of hydrate decomposition and is helpful to improve the decomposition rate of hydrate. The frequency is set at 915 MHz, and the feed port has a spiral arrangement with a length of 10 mm, which greatly expands the microwave heating range.

MP-PIC investigation of glycerol steam reforming in bubbling fluidized bed for high-quality hydrogen production

A reactive multiphase particle-in-cell approach is adopted to numerically investigate the physical and thermochemical characteristics of glycerol steam reforming process in a three-dimensional bubbling fluidized bed. Via the model verification, the simulated results are in acceptable agreement with the experimental measurements. The gas-solid flow hydrodynamics and the particle thermochemical properties are explored. In addition, the effects of different operating parameters (reaction temperature, particle diameter, steam/glycerol ratio, operating pressure) on the performance of the glycerol steam reforming system are discussed. The results reveal the significantly non-uniform spatial distribution of particle temperature and heat transfer coefficient (HTC) due to the intense endothermic reactions and nonlinear hydrodynamics. Comparatively large HTC of solid particles appears in the lower part of the bed. Enlarging the reaction temperature and operating pressure give rise to a larger particle HTC. The back-mixing and internal circulation behavior of particles highly influence the spatial distribution of particle velocity inside the bed. The slip velocity of particle accumulated around the gas feeding port is obviously large. The slip velocity and HTC of particle are almost positively correlated. Decreasing the steam/glycerol ratio enhances the particle thermochemical properties. Moreover, elevating the reaction temperature significantly promotes the yields of H2 and CO while the formation of CH4 is suppressed.

A Compact High-Selectivity Wideband Filtering Antenna With Multipath Coupling Structure

A compact wideband filtering patch antenna with high selectivity is presented. The proposed filtering antenna contains a rectangular patch rounded by a pair of U-shaped patches, and is fed through two coupling slots etched on the ground. By introducing these elements, four in-band resonances are generated and the impedance bandwidth are expanded. Besides, multiple coupling paths are constructed from the feeding port to the radiating patches to form three radiation nulls at the band edges. Moreover, a modified composite right/left-handed transmission line unit is used as the feedline to further suppress the out-of-band radiation level. The performance of the proposed filtering antenna is verified by both simulation and measurement. It exhibits a 21.5% (4.45–5.52 GHz) measured impedance bandwidth with a compact size of 0.4 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> × 0.4 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> (where λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> is the free-space wavelength at 5 GHz). Besides, the measured average gain and out-of-band suppression level are 4.8 dBi and 15.9 dB, respectively. Obviously, this filtering antenna can be used to build a compact multiband antenna array to reduce the interference between different bands.

A wideband planar pattern reconfigurable antenna for IEEE 802.11ac WLAN applications

A novel planar pattern reconfigurable antenna is presented. The proposed antenna consists of four identical antenna elements distributed at different positions on a F4B255 substrate forming a cross shape. Each antenna element is composed of a direct fed magnetic dipole with bow tie shape and four coupling fed magnetic dipoles with rectangular shape which achieves wide bandwidth and titled radiation pattern. The ground plane under each antenna element is etched with taper shape to reduce the coupling among antenna elements. The four antenna elements are linked to and fed by one port via a step shaped metal strip on the ground plane and radiation layer, respectively. A PIN diode is mounted in each strip to switch the connection/disconnection of each antenna element with the feeding port. Pattern reconfiguration is obtained by electrically choosing the excitation of each antenna element. The proposed antenna operates in four states with four steerable beam directions of θ = ±45° in both xoz and yoz planes. The measured common bandwidth for the four states is 5.15–5.93 GHz and the measured gain ranges from 6.14 to 8.45 dBi for four states within the bandwidth. The proposed antenna has a low profile and wide bandwidth which makes it a good candidate of micro base station for IEEE 802.11ac Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) (5.15–5.85 GHz) applications.

Compact planar ultra‐wideband pattern diversity antenna

AbstractA two‐port planar ultra‐wideband (UWB) pattern diversity antenna is proposed in this letter. The design consists of an array of two rotated identical monopole antennas and two feeding ports with 0° in‐phase and 180° out‐of‐phase excitations. The single monopole antenna includes a circular patch, a rectangular truncated ground plane and a fork‐shaped feeding structure. In this antenna, a modified partial common ground plane is used to enhance the input matching, increase the isolation between antenna elements and improve the desired radiations. The measured results show an |S11| &lt; −10 dB bandwidth ranging from 2 to over 20GHz, with conical and broadside beams, high efficiency, and good isolation across the entire UWB band. Also, the proposed antenna exhibits a smaller footprint, larger bandwidth, and more straightforward design compared with the existing designs. To the best of authors’ knowledge, all these characteristics have never been presented in previously reported UWB pattern diversity antennas.

A multimode substrate integrated waveguide based s elf‐hexplexing antenna for mobile terminal applications

A low-profile self-hexplexing antenna based on the multimode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity is presented for mobile terminal applications. It has three feeding ports, each of which can generate two resonant modes. Taking the advantage of the truncated SIW resonant cavity, the footprint of the antenna remains compact in the multiple functional mode scenario. The proposed antenna operates at six different modes, namely TM10 mode at 3.55 GHz, TM01 mode at 4.85 GHz, TE110 mode at 2.45 GHz, TE220 mode at 5.6 GHz, TE110 mode at 3.4 GHz and TE120 mode at 5.35 GHz. Good agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured antenna performance. The excitation and field distribution of each mode is analyzed. Keeping the structure miniaturized, the proposed antenna realizes hex-band characteristics without excessive feeding ports. It can be used for Microwave Access (WIMAX), the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications, which is suitable for mobile handheld multiband terminals.

Dual-Polarized, Dual-Band, and Aperture-Shared Synthesis Method for Phased Array Applications

A dual-band and dual-polarized shared-aperture synthesis method for phased array applications is proposed. Dual-polarized slot-coupled microstrip patch elements operating in the Ku <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</i> band are arranged in a regular array configuration. Two orthogonal probes share a common radiating patch structure and are fed by two <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -shaped coupling slots. Sidewall metalized cavity waveguide elements operating in the W-band are fed by a substrate-integrated waveguide and arranged in a sparse array configuration, which is based on an optimization algorithm proposed in this work. Furthermore, the feeding locations are regularly determined, which is beneficial to transceiver/receiver design, thus reducing the cost of a phased array system. By exploiting this compact array topology and optimization algorithm, two-phased arrays with a large frequency ratio employing a shared aperture simultaneously exhibit wide-angle scanning properties. A 64-element array is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measurement results show that the Ku-band dual-polarized antenna exhibits a wide impedance bandwidth of 20% in the 14.3–17.6 GHz frequency range for two orthogonal polarizations and high isolation (>20 dB) between the feeding ports. The W-band antenna exhibits a 5.4% fractional impedance bandwidth covering 90–95 GHz frequency range with a ±45° scanning angle in the E <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</i> and H-planes.