Feedback Operation Research Articles

Perspectives on Anesthesia and Perioperative Patient Safety: Past, Present, and Future.

During the past 70 years, patient safety science has evolved through four organizational frameworks known as Safety-0, Safety -1, Safety-2, and Safety-3. Their evolution reflects the realization over time that blaming people, chasing errors, fixing one-offs, and regulation would not create the desired patient safety. In Safety-0, the oldest framework, harm events arise from clinician failure; event prevention relies on better staffing, education, and basic standards. In Safety-1, used by hospitals, harm events arise from individual and/or system failures. Safety is improved through analytics, workplace culture, high reliability principles, technology, and quality improvement. Safety-2 emphasizes clinicians' adaptability to prevent harm events in an everchanging environment, using resilience engineering principles. Safety-3, used by aviation, adds system design and control elements to Safety-1 and Safety-2, deploying human factors, design-thinking, and operational control or feedback to prevent and respond to harm events. Safety-3 represents a potential way for anesthesia and perioperative care to become safer.

Gender Differences in Operative Autonomy Using the Surgical Autonomy Program: A Multicenter Study.

Background The proportion of women surgeons is increasing, but studies show that women in surgical residency are granted less autonomy than men. Objective We utilized the Surgical Autonomy Program (SAP), an educational framework, to evaluate gender differences in self-reported autonomy, attending-reported autonomy, and operative feedback among US neurosurgical residents. Methods The SAP tracks resident progression and guides teaching in neurosurgery. Surgeries are divided into zones of proximal development (opening, exposure, critical portion, and closure). Postoperatively, resident autonomy is rated on a 4-point scale by the resident and the attending for each part of the case, or zone. We utilized data from July 2017 to February 2024 from 8 institutions. Ordinal regression was used to evaluate the odds of self- and attending-evaluated autonomy, accounting for gender, training year, case difficulty, and institution. Differences between attending assessment and self-assessment were calculated across time. Chi-square analyses were used to measure any differences in feedback given to men and women. Results From 128 residents (32 women, 25%), 11894 cases were included. Women were granted less autonomy (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.74-0.89; P<.001) and self-evaluated as having less autonomy (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.67-0.80; P<.001). The odds of women operating at higher autonomy were similar to the odds of operating on a hard case compared to average difficulty (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.71-0.84; P<.001). Men's and women's self-assessment became closer to attending assessment over time, with women improving more quickly for the critical portions of surgeries. Women residents received meaningful postoperative feedback on fewer cases (women: 74.2%, men: 80.5%; X2=31.929; P<.001). Conclusions Women operated with lower autonomy by both attending and self-assessment, but the assessment gap between genders decreased over time. Women also received less feedback from their attendings.

Feasibility and Safety of ArtiSential for Minimally Invasive Surgery in Early-stage Gynecologic Cancer: Results from the KGOG 4002/GYANT Study

Objectives: The objective is to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ArtiSential for performing minimally invasive surgeries for gynecological cancers. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study at 10 Tertiary Institutional Hospitals in Korea between November 2021 and April 2022. Eligible patients were 18 years or older and planned to undergo minimally invasive surgery for gynecologic cancer. We collected baseline characteristics, surgical information, and postoperative outcomes. The primary endpoint was to compare the operation time required for gynecologic cancer surgery using ArtiSential with the reported operation time for surgery using conventional laparoscopic instruments or robots. The secondary endpoints were to evaluate the surgical outcomes of gynecologic cancer surgery using ArtiSential compared to conventional laparoscopic instruments or robots and collect operator feedback on equipment improvements during surgery. Results: Forty patients were enrolled in this study, including 19 with endometrial cancer, 15 with cervical cancer, and 6 with ovarian cancer. The average operation time was 187.0 ± 49.2 min, with no complications encountered during surgery. Pelvic lymph nodes were assessed in 34 patients, with the ArtiSential device utilized in 22 (64.7%) of these patients, at an average assessment time of 40.3 ± 19.4 min. Most surgeons using the ArtiSential device reported that it performed slightly better than conventional laparoscopic instruments. Conclusion: The use of the ArtiSential device in minimally invasive surgery has been demonstrated to be both feasible and safe for the treatment of early-stage gynecologic cancer.

Current Feedback Operation Amplifier Based on Floating Passive and Active Inductors in Filter Applications

This paper proposes using current feedback operation amplifiers (CFOAs) as an active filter in creating floating passive and active inductance simulators is a versatile and efficient solution for circuit design. CFOAs are popular for their high slew rate and wide bandwidth which makes them ideal candidates for applications demanding rapid response time alongside high frequencies. It is possible to customize these simulated inductances for different design specifics by changing certain external resistor values. The circuit comprises a trio of CFOAs, an earthed capacitor and three resistors, thus making it quite simple to put into practice at a cheap price. Experiments and LTSPICE simulations have been conducted to examine the performance of the circuit, and closely confirmed theoretical expectations. In other words, this confirms the trustworthiness and preciseness of the introduced floating active inductance simulator. Voltage-mode band-stop filtering is one real-world scenario where this circuit is used. This indicates that our proposed technique can have more applications than one in circuit design. This is further proof that our idea can be used in other circuits as well. In conclusion, using CFOAs in active filters for building a grounded passive active inductance simulator is a solid and effective answer to circuit designers. This makes it an appealing choice for numerous applications because of its simplicity in designing the network as well as its high performance and customizability. Circuit design and application can be greatly improved if more study is done in this field.

Does static friction information predict the onset of sliding for soft material?

Friction behavior between soft and hard materials has long been a question of great interest in the fields of artificial joints, human skin contact, robotic grippers, and others. In this study, we presented a combination of theoretical and experimental analyses to investigate the friction behavior of soft materials. Using some geometric and stick–slip features in the early stage of static friction, the friction property of the interface between a soft material and a hard material is determined. Moreover, the onset of slip, the threshold force at which a friction interface begins to slide, is also predicted by a theoretical model. The predictive ability of this model may provide insights for improving interaction property recognition, as well as for developing fine tactile feedback and dexterous operation of robotic grasping.

Performance evaluation of integrated Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor with trickling filter used for municipal wastewater treatment and effluent reuse potential for agriculture

Effluent reuse is a rapidly growing field of research where assessing the quality of effluent is one of the focus areas. This research examines the viability of using wastewater in agriculture by testing an integrated Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor with a trickling filter (TF) system during the dry season. Compliance monitoring was conducted for 30 days from May 11 to June 9 of 2021. Samples were collected, handled, and analyzed following standard wastewater analysis procedures for biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), cations, anions, heavy metals, E. coli, and helminth egg. The UASB-TF system in Kality wastewater treatment performed well in removing COD, BOD5, and TSS with average removal rates of 80.5%, 82.9%, and 80.9%, respectively, compared well with similar treatment configurations. The effluent quality satisfied the national inland discharge limit with a residual concentration of 125.1 mg/L for COD, 61.7 mg/L for BOD5 and 85.8 mg/L for TSS. On the other hand, high concentrations of chromium, nitrate-nitrogen, and helminth egg count restricted effluent reuse for agricultural purposes due to high health risks and environmental contamination. We found out that discharging industrial sewage into the domestic sewer network could inhibit microbial growth and affect the biological treatment processes. Furthermore, adopting integrated treatment systems in developing countries might face operational challenges and monitoring nitrate, helminth egg, and heavy metals would help provide timely operational feedback. An appropriate tertiary treatment unit—constructed wetlands or polishing ponds—is therefore needed to be introduced to ensure effluent reuse for agricultural purposes.

Drivers and outcomes of airline passenger satisfaction: A Meta-analysis

In the competitive environment of air transport management, airline passenger satisfaction is critical to customer loyalty, operational feedback, financial performance, and regulatory compliance and rankings. Research on airline passenger satisfaction has evolved and matured, shaped by industry dynamics and passenger expectations. However, only some studies have systematically assessed the key drivers and outcomes of airline passenger satisfaction. Consequently, this research provides a meta-analysis of the relationships between the critical drivers of passenger satisfaction and attitudinal and behavioural outcomes within the airline industry. A meta-analysis of 95 empirical studies revealed that perceived service quality and perceived value positively impact passenger satisfaction, with varying effect sizes. Passenger satisfaction had a significant direct and indirect effect on various behavioural intentions and on the willingness to recommend an airline, with gender moderating the relationship between perceived value and satisfaction. Among the perceived service quality dimensions, in-flight service had the greatest effect and was critical to passenger satisfaction. A conceptual model containing mechanisms to achieve affirmative behavioural responses through passenger satisfaction is provided for airline practitioners to formulate long-term success.

The Role of Audio Feedback and Gamification Elements for Remote Boom Operation

The Role of Audio Feedback and Gamification Elements for Remote Boom Operation

Design of multi-modal feedback channel of human–robot cognitive interface for teleoperation in manufacturing

AbstractTeleoperation, which is a specific mode of human–robot collaboration enabling a human operator to provide instructions and monitor the actions of the robot remotely, has proved beneficial for application to hazardous and unstructured manufacturing environments. Despite the design of a command channel from human operators to robots, most existing studies on teleoperation fail to focus on the design of the feedback channel from the robot to the human operator, which plays a crucial role in reducing the cognitive load, particularly in precise and concentrated manufacturing tasks. This paper focuses on designing a feedback channel for the cognitive interface between a human operator and a robot considering human cognition. Current studies on human–robot cognitive interfaces in robot teleoperation are extensively surveyed. Further, the modalities of human cognition that foster understanding and transparency during teleoperation are identified. In addition, the human–robot cognitive interface, which utilizes the proposed multi-modal feedback channel, is developed on a teleoperated robotic grasping system as a case study. Finally, a series of experiments based on different modal feedback channels are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of enhancing the performance of the teleoperated grasping of fragile products and reducing the cognitive load via the objective aspects of experimental results and the subjective aspects of operator feedback.

Artificial intelligence-assisted ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia: An explorative scoping review.

The present study reviews the available scientific literature on artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia (UGRA) and evaluates the reported intraprocedural parameters and postprocedural outcomes. A literature search was performed on 19 September2023, using the Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases by experts in electronic searching. All study designs were considered with no restrictions regarding patient characteristics or cohort size. Outcomes assessed included the accuracy of AI-model tracking, success at the first attempt, differences in outcomes between AI-assisted and unassisted UGRA, operator feedbackand case-report data. A joint adaptive median binary pattern (JAMBP) has been applied to improve the tracking procedure, while a particle filter (PF) is involved in feature extraction. JAMBP combined with PF was most accurate on all images for landmark identification, with accuracy scores of 0.83, 0.93and 0.93 on original, preprocessedand filtered images, respectively. Evaluation of first-attempt success of spinal needle insertion revealed first-attempt success in most patients. When comparing AI application versus UGRA alone, a significant statistical difference (p < 0.05) was found for correct block view, correct structure identificationand decrease in mean injection time, needle track adjustments and bone encountersin favour of having AI assistance. Assessment of operator feedback revealed that expert and nonexpert operator feedback was overall positive. AI appears promising to enhance UGRA as well as to positively influence operator training. AI application of UGRA may improve the identification of anatomical structures and provide guidance for needle placement, reducing the risk of complications and improving patient outcomes. Level IV.

Adapting Surgical Coaching: Feasibility and Perceptions of Intraoperative Resident Peer Coaching

IntroductionSurgical coaching is utilized to enhance technical, nontechnical, and teaching skills. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and benefit of a resident peer coaching program. MethodsChief residents (postgraduate year 5) acted as coaches for junior residents (postgraduate year 1-3, “coachees”). All participants completed the Harvard Surgical Coaching for Operative Performance Enhancement curriculum. The coaching structure included 1) preoperative goal setting, 2) unscrubbed intraoperative observation, and 3) postoperative debrief. Upon completion, residents were surveyed to assess their experience. Descriptive and thematic analyses were performed. ResultsThere were 22 participants (6 coaches, 16 coachees). Five (83.3%) coaches and 14 (87.5%) coachees reported the program was useful, citing dedicated reflection outside the operating room, in-depth feedback, and structured self-assessment with increased accountability. Thirteen (81.3%) coachees reported perceived improvement in technical skills and 12 (75%) within nontechnical skills. All coaches felt they benefited and improved their ability to provide feedback. When asked how coaching compared to usual methods of operative feedback, 14 (87.5%) coachees and 5 (83.3%) coaches reported it was better, with only 1 coachee reporting it was worse. Benefits over typical operating room teaching included more feedback provided, more specific feedback, and the benefit of peer relationships. Twelve (54.5%) residents cited difficulty with coordinating sessions, but 21 (95.5%) reported that they would participate again. ConclusionsImplementation of a resident peer surgical coaching program is feasible. Both coaches and coachees perceive significant benefit with improvement in technical, nontechnical, and feedback delivery skills. Given preference over other methods of operative feedback, expansion of peer coaching programs is warranted.

Exploration of Hospital Management and Organization Strategies: A Literature Review of Health Services

Background - Healthcare management strategy and organization encompasses the principles and practices used to operate healthcare facilities efficiently and effectively. It involves the planning, implementation, and coordination of various activities to ensure the delivery of high-quality patient care while optimising resource utilisation. The literature review in healthcare provides valuable insights into various aspects of hospital management strategy and organization. Objective - This article aims to find out the importance of management and organizational strategies in service businesses (hospitals) and related factors, so as to create improved human resource performance related to achieving effective and efficient organizational goals to face business competition and can be an organizational strategy in creating job satisfaction, can perform well and can create a competitive advantage for organizations in health services. Research Methode - The method used is the identification of previous articles with a total of 29 articles in the time span of 2000-2023. Search data for literature review was conducted in international journals to support the theory and take the topic of Management and Organizational articles, found 234,347 articles, scope Innovation, 2000-2023, Business, management and accounting, article, organization and management, English found 1,239 articles, Qualitative - 363 articles, Strategic - 134 articles, Performance - 95 articles, Effectiveness - 52 articles, Leadership, Health - 35 articles. Furthermore, articles that do not fit the topic will be ignored. Researchers only use data bases from Scopus and Web of Science because researchers only look for quality articles and the results are more accurate and very credible sources, because the results can be used as references and policies. Results - The importance of the role of management and organization in hospitals and can have a major impact on healthcare organizations. As explained in previous research that Management has a big role to improve hospital performance in an organization. The importance of management and organizational performance as they relate to each other. Human resources (HR) provide special attention in personal development and impact on performance in creating a health service. Conclusion - Management and organization are important in the hospital business because human resources are the driving force of the service business. Good management and organization can create professional and talented human resources results that can improve performance and will have an impact on organizational goals, and services to patients can run well which has an impact on the main objectives of the hospital. Management can be seen from several things including training and development, management practices, organizational climate, and other things that have a relationship in creating effective and efficient management so as to provide optimal results for the organization. Managerial Implications - The healthcare management needs to pay more attention to the evaluation of healthcare operational activities and feedback provided by patient families, the hospital management needs to increase the frequency of its discussions with employees to maintain excellent service quality for patient families, and the hospital management leaders need to set an example and encourage their employees to maintain a good organizational culture in order to maintain their service image.

Implantation of a novel insertable cardiac monitor: preliminary multicenter experience in Europe.

The LUX-Dx™ is a novel insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) introduced into the European market since October 2022. The aim of this investigation was to provide a comprehensive description of the ICM implantation experience in Europe during its initial year of commercial use. The system comprises an incision tool and a single-piece insertion tool pre-loaded with the small ICM. The implantation procedure involves incision, creation of a device pocket, insertion of the ICM, verification of sensing, and incision closure. Patients receive a mobile device with a preloaded App, connecting to their ICM and transmitting data to the management system. Data collected at European centers were analyzed at the time of implantation and before patient discharge. A total of 368 implantation procedures were conducted across 23 centers. Syncope (235, 64%) and cryptogenic stroke (34, 9%) were the most frequent indications for ICM. Most procedures (338, 92%) were performed in electrophysiology laboratories. All ICMs were successfully implanted in the left parasternal region, oriented at 45° in 323 (88%) patients. Repositioning was necessary after sensing verification in 9 (2%) patients. No procedural complications were reported, with a median time from skin incision to suture of 4min (25th-75th percentiles 2-7). At implantation, the mean R-wave amplitude was 0.39 ± 0.30mV and the P-wave visibility was 91 ± 20%. Sensing parameters remained stable until pre-discharge and were not influenced by patient characteristics or indications. Procedural times were fast, exhibited consistency across patient groups, and improved after an initial experience with the system. Operator Operator feedback on the system was positive. Patients reported very good ease of use of the App and low levels of discomfort after implantation. LUX-Dx™ implantation appears efficient and straightforward, with favorable post-implantation sensing values and associated with positive feedback from operators and patients.

Assessment of the trade union activity information system by the members of the Samara University trade union

The article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms of trade union information dissemination in modern digitalization conditions. The authors give an overview of the latest research on the transformation processes taking place in trade union organizations, including those, working in the domestic higher education system, and also provide data from their own empirical research conducted in the fall of 2023 among the members of the Samara University workers' union. The performed research, based on the data of the questionnaire survey of the university trade union ordinary members (N=107) and semi-formalized interviews with the chairmen of trade union bureaus (N=10), made it possible to analyze the way the university employees assess the quality of the Samara University trade union information work. Conclusions are drawn about the main existing information sources for the trade union ordinary members about its activities, the employees' preferences in the used information channels and the assessment of its reliability, as well as the greater need to obtain information on the protection of labor rights, improvement of working conditions and the collective agreement management. Based on the study results, practical recommendations are formulated for the trade union committee on improving the effectiveness of information work and operational feedback between the trade union leadership and its ordinary members.

Enhancing Customer Experience and Satisfaction through Mobile-Based Salon and Spa Reservations on Android Platforms

Salons and spas in Indonesia need to utilize information technology to improve business performance and provide customers with a more personalized experience. The integration of digital reservation systems, online marketing, and technology-based customer management will help improve operational efficiency and gain valuable customer feedback. Digital reservation systems enable salons and spas to improve business performance by providing easy access to customers, increasing the efficiency of scheduling management, and providing a more personalized experience, which is an important strategy in the competitive digital era. One of the alternative digital reservation systems that can be used by salons and spas in Indonesia is Android-based. This research resulted in an Android-based digital reservation system that focuses on customer experience. The object of the research is Spaque Salon &amp; Day Spa, an MSME in Indonesia. Through mobile technology, customers can easily book and manage their treatments. Test results showed positive feedback regarding the user interface, reservation steps, and interactive features. The system also helps with schedule management, additional services, offers, as well as revenue and financial tracking. This research combines customer and technology perspectives, contributing to the salon and spa industry as well as mobile technology developers.

User Experience, Functionality and Aesthetics Evaluation in an Academic Multi-Site Web Ecosystem

The present study focuses on using qualitative and quantitative data to evaluate the functionality, user experience (UX), and aesthetic approach offered by an academic multi-site Web ecosystem consisting of multiple interconnected websites. Large entities in various industry fields often have the need for an elaborate Web presence. In an effort to address the challenges posed by this need specifically in the field of academia, the authors developed, over a period of many years, a multi-site ecosystem within the Ionian University, which focuses on interconnectivity and a collaborative approach to academic content management. This system, known as “Publish@Ionio”, uses a singular content management infrastructure to allow for the creation of content for different websites that share both information and resources while at the same time allowing for individual variations in both functionality and aesthetics. The ecosystem was evaluated through quantitative data from its operation and qualitative feedback from a focus-group interview with experts, including website editors and administrative staff. The collected data were used to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the multi-site approach based on the actions and needs of the individuals in charge of generating content. The study led to conclusions on the advantages that interoperability offers in terms of digital and human resource management, the benefits of a unified aesthetic approach that allows for variability, and the necessity of collaborative content management tools that are tailored to the content’s nature.

Determinants of Performance for Robotics Teleoperated Activities: From Emergency Response to Decommissioning

After the nuclear accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima, several countries concerned with nuclear energy production set up robotic accident intervention groups with the aim to intervene in place of humans in hostile environments with high levels of contamination or irradiation. It is the case of France. The operational feedback of such robotic groups may be of interest for teams performing decommissioning on nuclear facilities. In this aim, a comparative analysis of robotic intervention contexts was undertaken between training contexts and a real operating situation. This allowed us to confirm determinants of performance already identified in the literature and highlighted new determinants of performance for intervention in nuclear environments.

Human-in-the-Loop: The Future of Machine Learning in Automated Electron Microscopy

Abstract Machine learning (ML) methods are progressively gaining acceptance in the electron microscopy community for de-noising, semantic segmentation, and dimensionality reduction of data post-acquisition. The introduction of the application programming interfaces (APIs) by major instrument manufacturers now allows the deployment of ML workflows in microscopes, not only for data analytics but also for real-time decision-making and feedback for microscope operation. However, the number of use cases for real-time ML remains remarkably small. Here, we discuss some considerations in designing ML-based active experiments and pose that the likely strategy for the next several years will be human-in-the-loop automated experiments (hAE). In this paradigm, the ML learning agent directly controls beam position and image and spectroscopy acquisition functions, and a human operator monitors experiment progression in real and feature space of the system and tunes the policies of the ML agent to steer the experiment toward specific objectives.

Cryptosystem for IoT Devices With Feedback Operation Modes Based on Shared Buffer and Unrolled-Pipeline Techniques

Cryptosystem for IoT Devices With Feedback Operation Modes Based on Shared Buffer and Unrolled-Pipeline Techniques

Edit propagation via color palettes

The ability to ease operation and real-time feedback to image editing has attracted increasing attention in our everyday lives. Existing edit propagation approaches typically formulate the color editing task as a quadratic energy optimization problem, which is computationally expensive and requires a lot of user interactions. To address this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel edit propagation method based on color palette. We first extract a color palette from the input image, and then calculate the mixing weights of the image pixels with respect to the extracted palette. Finally, we solve for an edited palette according to user edits, to propagate local edits to the whole image. Our main contributions include formulating the edit propagation as a palette-based optimization problem that can be solved efficiently, and requiring only fewer user interactions than existing methods. We have demonstrated our method for color editing on a wide range of examples. Compared to existing methods, our approach is more efficient and friendly for novice users due to its ease of interaction.