Feed Raw Materials Research Articles

Nutrient Content, Antioxidant Capacity, and Fatty Acids Profile of Cherry Laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis Roemer) Unshelled Kernel to Be Used in Poultry Nutrition

This study aims to assess the total phenolic and ascorbic acid contents, antioxidant capacity, and fatty acid profile, as well as nutrient content estimation of the cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis Roemer) unshelled kernel (CLUK) that is considered to have the potential to improve product quality and general health in poultry nutrition. The CLUK blend obtained from fruit collected to represent cherry laurel produced in Türkiye was dried, unshelled, and ground to pass through a 1-mm sieve. This CLUK blend was analyzed according to the relevant method of each parameter to describe assessment results. The crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber contents of the CLUK blend were recorded to be 28.94, 34.55, 26.25, and 36.70%, respectively. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the radical-scavenging potencies such as DPPH (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid) were 139.84, 11.79, and 8.00 µg trolox equivalents mg-1, respectively. A total phenolic of 3.31 mg gallic acid equivalent g-1 and ascorbic acid of 1.57% contents was determined for the CLUK blend. The primary fatty acids for the CLUK blend were identified as oleic (66.61%), linoleic (15.61%), and palmitic (11.78%). These results reveal that the studied CLUK blend has the potential for quality, healthy, and eco-friendly poultry production.

Utilization of Sargassum Flour Fermented with Bacillus aerius Bacteria in Siganus guttatus Rabbitfish Enlargement Feed

This Sargassum is a staple food of rabbitfish in nature; although its nutritional quality is relatively low if it is used as one of the feed ingredients first carried out in the fermentation process, the results of this fermentation are used as one of the raw feed materials. The study was conducted to look at the use of fermented sargassum flour in feed at the lowest dose of 7.5% to the highest dose of 30%. This study was designed using a completely randomized design (RAL). Using 15 units of floating net cage containers. The study duration was 120 days. During the study, the test fish were fed thrice daily, namely 08.00 am, 1:00 pm, and 03:00 pm. Feeding is carried out. To determine the severity of the treatment of the biological response of test fish, sampling is carried out every 30 days. From several parameters observed, such as weight gain, specific growth rate, and daily feed consumption rate, although statistically not different (P>0.05), the tendency to increase with the increase in sargassum dose by 30%. Similarly, the total digestibility of feed, digestibility of feed protein, and digestibility of feed energy statistically do not show a difference (P>0.05) but also the tendency to increase. Based on the results of this activity, it was concluded that sargassum flour that has been fermented with bacillus aerius bacteria can be used well by rabbitfish, with as much as 30% in the feed.

Utilization of Sargassum Flour Fermented with Bacillus aerius Bacteria in Siganus guttatus Rabbitfish Enlargement Feed

This Sargassum is a staple food of rabbitfish in nature; although its nutritional quality is relatively low if it is used as one of the feed ingredients first carried out in the fermentation process, the results of this fermentation are used as one of the raw feed materials. The study was conducted to look at the use of fermented sargassum flour in feed at the lowest dose of 7.5% to the highest dose of 30%. This study was designed using a completely randomized design (RAL). Using 15 units of floating net cage containers. The study duration was 120 days. During the study, the test fish were fed thrice daily, namely 08.00 am, 1:00 pm, and 03:00 pm. Feeding is carried out. To determine the severity of the treatment of the biological response of test fish, sampling is carried out every 30 days. From several parameters observed, such as weight gain, specific growth rate, and daily feed consumption rate, although statistically not different (P>0.05), the tendency to increase with the increase in sargassum dose by 30%. Similarly, the total digestibility of feed, digestibility of feed protein, and digestibility of feed energy statistically do not show a difference (P>0.05) but also the tendency to increase. Based on the results of this activity, it was concluded that sargassum flour that has been fermented with bacillus aerius bacteria can be used well by rabbitfish, with as much as 30% in the feed.

2019–2022年中国蛋鸡饲料原材料中玉米和豆粕市场交易价格调查统计数据集

Through collaboration with the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Animal Husbandry General Station, we collected the transaction price data from the corn and soybean meal market in 29 provinces across China from 2010 to 2022. Following rigorous principles of consistency, continuity, and data integrity for screening, cleaning, processing, secondary proofreading, and correction, we finally obtained a dataset of the survey of market trading price statistics on corn and soybean meal in feed raw materials for layer hens in China from 2019 to 2022. The dataset comprises comprehensive weekly, monthly and quarterly data spanning the entire country and 29 provinces. It can offer reliable data support for the price prediction and analysis of corn and soybean meal, and facilitates the macro-control efforts by government department aimed at managing the pricing dynamics of these essential products.

Study of Changes in the Amino Acid Composition of Spiked Cereals during the Ripening Process

Introduction. The amino acid composition of compound feed is of great importance in feeding all kinds of animals. The lack of one or another amino acid limits the assimilation of other amino acids, resulting in excessive compound feed consumption, deterioration of the metabolism in the bodies of animals and increasing of their susceptibility to diseases. The use of grain heaps of wheat in the early ripening stages as feed raw materials is a promising direction for the development of the fodder base that will provide a balanced amino acid composition of compound feed with a lower content of expensive fish meal, which is the main source of protein in compound feeds. Aim of the Article. The article is aimed at determining the optimal ripening stage of spiked cereals, at which a high content of protein and proteinogenic amino acids is observed. The proposed technology and technological tools for early harvesting of spiked cereals will reduce agrotechnical terms of harvesting, reducing losses from shatter losses, and get grain of enhanced nutritive value. Materials and Methods. To study the amino acid composition, 4 samples of a winter wheat grain heap were taken: the winter wheat varieties Admiral and Luchezar, the perennial winter wheat (trititrigia) variety Pamyati Lyubimovoy and the gray wheatgrass variety Sova. Harvesting the wheat of these varieties was carried out by a combing-threshing unit in 5 phenological stages (growth stages are presented on the BBCH scale): 77 – late milk ripeness, 83 – early phase of wax ripeness, 87 – gold wax ripeness, 89 – full ripeness, 92 – overripeness. Results. The results of analyzing amino acid composition of 4 samples of wheat grain heap showed a high content of almost all the amino acids studied in the phase of gold wax ripeness, except of aspartic acid and asparagine, glutamic acid and glutamine, and tryptophan. Discussion and Conclusion. Grain heap of waxy ripeness wheat is a promising grain raw material for the production of compound feeds, which will reduce the amount of expensive components, such as fishmeal.

The Factors of an Important Role in Increasing the Income of Yellow Corn Farmers in Poso District

Corn commodity plays a role in boosting economic growth and meeting the needs of farmers’ families.Corn as a human food source, also has benefits as livestock feed and industrial raw material. This studyaimed to find out the sustainability of yellow corn and farmers’ income level, as well as to determine the factors characteristic of farmers and the sustainable factors that influence the income level of yellow corn farmers. The study was conducted in April–July 2022 in Buyompondoli Village, Pamona Puselemba District, Poso District and 86 farmers who cultivated yellow corn were involved. The results of the study showed that the income of yellow corn farmers was Rp2,538,724.00 per growing season and Rp634,681.00 per month, with a comparison value between total receipts and total costs of 1,72. This showed the benefits of the yellow corn business and indicated that the business is worthy and profitable for farmers. As for formal education, selling prices and agricultural machinery are essential factors that can influence the income of yellow corn farmers.

Fabrication and Characterization of Plasma Sprayed TiO2 and Li4Ti5O12 Materials as All Active Material Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes

Two strategies to increase battery energy density at the cell level are to increase electrode thickness and to reduce the amount of inactive electrode constituents. All active material (AAM) electrodes provide a route to achieve both of those aims toward high areal capacity electrodes. AAM electrodes are often fabricated using hydraulic compression processes followed by thermal treatment; however, additive manufacturing routes could provide opportunities for more time-efficient and geometry-flexible electrode fabrication. One possible route for additive manufacturing of AAM electrodes would be to employ plasma spray as a direct additive manufacturing technology, and AAM electrode fabrication using plasma spray will be the focus of the work herein. TiO2 and Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) powders were deposited onto stainless steel substrates via plasma spray processing to produce AAM battery electrodes, and evaluated with regards to material and electrochemical properties. The TiO2 electrodes delivered low electrochemical capacity, <12 mAh g−1, which was attributed to limitations of the initial feed powder. LTO plasma sprayed AAM electrodes had much higher capacity and were comparable in total capacity at a low rate of discharge to composite electrodes fabricated using the same raw powder feed material. LTO material and electrochemical properties were sensitive to the plasma spray conditions, suggesting that tuning the material microstructure and electrochemical properties is possible by controlling the plasma spray deposition parameters.

Innovation in Hungarian aquaculture

Before the regime change in Hungary, the aquaculture sector produced one of the largest income values within agriculture in the field of international knowledge and technology transfer. As a result of environmental effects, the strengthening of regulations and their enforcement, as well as the Covid-19 epidemic, marine fish catches decreased by 3.8% in 2020 compared to the average of 2017-2019. In addition, the EU is a net importer of aquaculture products (68% of the aquaculture products consumed in the EU are not produced in the EU). The decline in marine fisheries offers a chance to increase the market share of the freshwater aquaculture sector. However, the recent increase in energy and feed raw material prices makes the situation even more complicated. In the current economic environment, there is an increased need to respond to problems through innovation. The development of the Hungarian aquaculture sector has three target areas: i) traditional pond farming; ii) precision (intensive) fish production; iii) and modernization of fish processing are both priorities and at the same time complex development goals We examined the main challenges of these areas and identified proposed solutions that, can provide a solution to some of the sector's problems thanks to the recent innovative developments. It can be concluded that willingness and susceptibility to innovation are present in the sector. Excellent national and international developments have been made recently. It is a task for national economies to support actors in the aquaculture innovation chain in their renewal.

Extrusion puffing as a pretreatment method to change the surface structure, physicochemical properties and in vitro protein digestibility of distillers dried grains with solubles.

Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are rich in nutrition, and they are potential protein feed raw material. However, the existence of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin hinders animals' digestion and absorption of DDGS. Making full use of unconventional feed resources such as DDGS can alleviate the shortage of feed resources to a certain extent. This research investigated the effects of twin-screw extrusion on the macromolecular composition, physical and chemical properties, surface structure and in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of DDGS. The findings showed that extrusion puffing significantly increased the protein solubility, bulk density, water holding capacity, and swelling capacity, while significantly decreased hemicellulose and crude protein content, particle size and zeta potential of DDGS. The structure damage of DDGS induced by the extrusion was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FITR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Interestingly, no random coil was observed in the analysis of the secondary structure, and extrusion promoted the transformation of α-helix and β-turn to β-sheet, which led to significant increases in protein solubility and IVPD of DDGS (P < 0.05). Additionally, correlation analysis revealed that IVPD and PS had a positive relationship. Extrusion puffing was an ideal pretreatment method for DDGS modification to improve in vitro protein digestibility. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Ecological desalination of anchovy residues and their mixture with soybean meal for the production of poultry feed: Optimization of waste through response surface methodology (RSM)

Salted anchovy bones are a non-recyclable waste product containing high salt levels. However, they also contain valuable minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and nitrogen. This study aimed to find a cost-effective method to desalinate anchovy bones while preserving their nutritional value and repurposing them as a raw material for poultry feed. Through various tests, we were able to reduce the salt content of the anchovy bones from 15.4% to 4.7% using a 50/50 percent mixture of tap water and from 15.4% to 3.7% using a mixture of tap water and soybean meal in a 30/70 percent ratio. Combining soybean meal with desalted anchovy bones resulted in a nutritional composition comparable to that found in poultry feed, reducing salt content. The response surface method (RSM) was employed to determine the optimal proportions of desalted anchovy bones (70-90%) and soybean meal (10-30%) and to study the variables affecting the concentrations of NaCl, Ca, P, Ash, and TNM. The study revealed the influence of desalted anchovy bone and soybean meal percentages on these concentrations. This study demonstrates that the method used provides an ideal approach for understanding the interactions between input parameters (% DAR, % SM) and output parameters (NaCl, Ca, P, Ash, and TNM) and shows promising results for the desalination of anchovy bones using a soybean meal cake as well as the feasibility of creating poultry feed.

A comprehensive review on the sequestration of dyes from aqueous media using maize-/corn-based adsorbents

Abstract Corn or maize (Zea mays L.) is the most significant grain crop worldwide after wheat and rice. It is widely cultivated and consumed as food, feed, and industrial raw material, along with the emission of a large quantity of corn waste. Such abundant, renewable, and cheap wastes with unique chemical compositions can be efficiently converted into adsorbents for the elimination of dye-contaminated water. This article represents an extensive review of the use of corn/maize waste-derived adsorbents for the sequestration of dyes from aqueous media. This study addressed the utilization of corn residues, including cob, stalk, straw, husk, and silk, as precursors for adsorbents. The adsorption behaviour, mechanism, and regeneration of the studied corn adsorbent/dye systems were identified. It was observed that the most common forms of corn/maize-derived adsorbents that have been utilized for the sequestration of dyes include biosorbents, biochars, activated carbons, and composites. The highest adsorption capacity (1,682.7 mg/g) for dye (methylene blue) sequestration was obtained using a corn husk composite-based adsorbent. Important findings and future ideas are finally mentioned for the corn/maize-based materials and their application as adsorbents for dye removal.

Yield of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moenh Genotypes in A Plastic Mulch Planting System in Gunungkidul

Sorghum is a strategic commodity with good nutritional and high antioxidant content that can be used as a source of food, feed, and industrial raw materials. Sorghum is a relatively low and less intensive crop than other staple food crops. Sorghum yield can be increased by establishing plant population through a mulching planting system. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield power of several sorghum genotypes, namely three new superior varieties (Bioguma, Kawali, and Samurai) and three local varieties (Plonco, Hitam Wareng, and Ketan Merah), planted with a plastic mulch planting system. The research was conducted on farmers' land in Karangmojo, Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, which is a dryland soil type. The experimental design used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 5 replications. Observation parameters included growth components and sorghum production. The results showed that sorghum planting with a mulching planting system was able to provide yields for the Bioguma variety of 7.70 tons/ha, Plonco variety of 8.41 tons/ha, Samurai variety of 5.38 tons/ha, Kawali variety of 8.21 tons/ha, Hitam Wareng variety of 3.91 tons/ha, and Ketan Merah variety of 4.00 tons/ha. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the genotypes of local varieties were able to compete with new superior varieties and had the best growth response and yield power in the rainy season planting.

The Effect of Fermented Black Soldier Fly (BSF) Addition in Feed on Performance and Digestive Tract Characteristics of Native Chicken

Enhancement amount population and level production native chicken superior need offset with enhancement availability feed For rapid growth and productivity tall needed enough feed contain substance food needed, good in a manner quality nor quantity. Black soldier fly (BSF) maggot flour is one of the feed ingredients that is quite good as a potential raw material for poultry feed, because it contains quite high maggot protein, namely 40-50%. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments applied were P0 (100% commercial feed); P1 (100% basal feed); P2 (85% basal feed + 15% BSF fermented); P3 (80% basal feed + 20% BSF fermented), and P4 (75% basal feed + 25% BSF fermented). The Research results show that treatment combination of basal feed with the addition of BSF fermentation influential real (P&lt;0.05) to percentage combination treatment of basal feed with the addition of BSF fermentation, increase body weight, conversion feed and no influential real to drinking water consumption, small intestine morphometric and small intestine histology native chicken. This study concludes that the addition of BSF fermented in the feed up to 20% level able to improve the performance of native chickens in the starter phase.

Utilization of Floating Sludge (Oil and Fat) in The Meat Processing Industry as Raw Material for Catfish Pellets

One of the meat processing industries in Jombang Regency produces a significant amount of floating sludge waste (oil and fat) in its grease trap unit. If proper waste management is not carried out, environmental issues can arise. This article explores the potential use of floating sludge waste from meat processing industries as a raw material for catfish feed, with the aim of reducing waste, improving the economy, and reducing the production costs of catfish farming. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the best nutritional combination for catfish feed made from waste from the meat processing industry, tofu dregs, organic vegetables, and discarded eggs. The method used is fermentation with EM4 and sugarcane molasses, along with the addition of other waste materials to enhance the nutritional quality of the feed produced. There are five variations of feed compositions analyzed using proximate analysis and compared with SNI 01-4087-2006 concerning Quality Requirements for Dumbo Catfish Feed. The results show that several combinations of ingredients can meet most of the catfish feed quality standards, with the best option is K3 feed that made from floating sludge and discarded egg waste. Although, protein content is still below the standard, this combination has the potential to reduce the cost of catfish farming. This article encourages the development of sustainable, environmentally friendly alternative feeds and the potential reduction of industrial waste.

Response of Growth and Yield of Sweet Corn Plants in Rainfed Land to Providing Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Bamboo Roots

Sweet Corn is an important food crop that functions as a source of food, feed, and industrial raw materials. Efforts to increase corn production require technological input to increase yields and be environmentally friendly. One way is by using Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). This research aims to determine the response of growth and yield of sweet corn plants on rainfed land to the application of PGPR bamboo root plants and to determine the appropriate PGPR concentration for the growth and yield of sweet corn plants. This research was carried out from February to June 2020 in Rantau Panjang, Sambaliung District, Berau Regency. East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The research used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) consisting of 6 treatments of bamboo root PGPR concentration, namely treatment: p0 = control; p1 = 5.0 ml l-1 water; p2 = 7.5 ml l-1 water; p3 = 10.0 ml l-1 water; p4 = 12.5 ml l-1 water; and p5 = 15.0 ml l-1 water. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. The results of the research showed that: (1) The responses of cob diameter and cob production were significantly different, while the responses of plant height, number of leaves, age at flowering, cob length, and number of rows of seeds per cob were not significantly different to PGPR treatments; and (2) Giving PGPR with a concentration of 10 ml l-1 water (p3) resulted in high cob production, namely 12.80 Mg ha-1.

Creation of a green forage chain and haylage making from annual feed crops in Yakutia

The main branch of agriculture in Yakutia is animal husbandry. One of the urgent problems is the provision of livestock with feed. The basis for increasing the productivity of dairy cattle breeding is succulent and green feed. The main raw material for succulent and vitamin feed in Yakutia is the green mass of annual feed crops. The purpose of the research was to consider the creation of a green forage chain and the production of haylage from annual feed crops in Yakutia. The results of research on the creation of a green forage chain and the production of haylage from annual feed crops have been presented in the article. The research was carried out on the basis of the feed production laboratory of the Yakut Scientific and Research Institute of Agriculture in 2019–2021. Data on the yield, nutritional value of annual feed crops for the production of haylage and the creation of the green forage chain have been given. In order to obtain nutritionally balanced feed, the optimal species composition of mixed crops for the green forage chain and haylage was determined, optimal sowing dates and the mode of use of annual crops were established. On permafrost meadow-chernozem soils for the production of haylage, it is recommended to cultivate a vetch-oat mixture with a seeding rate of components: vetch 1,2 million pcs./ha + oats 2,5 million pcs./ha, pea-oat mixture with a seeding rate of components: peas 0,8 million pcs./ha and oats 2,5 million pcs./ha of germinating seeds. On the green forage chain, we recommend the vetch-oat mixture (vetch 1,2 million pcs./ha + oats 2,5 million pcs./ha), rapeseed-oat (rapeseed 2,0 million pcs./ha + oats 1,5 million pcs./ha). Obtaining raw materials for the production of haylage from annual feed crops gave an economic effect for 1 rub. of costs 1,42–1,53 rub. of income, and for creating the green forage chain for 1 rub. of costs gave 1,19–1,50 rub. of income, depending on the timing of sowing.

Effects of fermented bamboo powder on growth performance, apparent digestibility, carcass traits, and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs

The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of fermented bamboo powder (FBP) on growth performance, apparent digestibility, carcass traits, and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 72 barrows (initial body weight, 90.37 ± 0.73 kg) were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments in a 42 d trial, including a control (CON) diet and 3 FBP supplementation diets. In this experiment, the CON group was fed the basic diet, whereas, in the FBP group, wheat bran was replaced with different proportions of FBP, which were 2.5 % (FBP 2.5 %), 5.0 % (FBP 5 %), 10.0 % (FBP 10 %), respectively. The results showed that FBP of 2.5 % and 5 % had no negative effect on the performance of growing-finishing pigs (P > 0.05), FBP could increase the digestibility of feed, decrease the average backfat thickness, increase the loin eye muscle area, and make the meat color fresher (P < 0.05), more in line with Chinese consumers' buying habits. Adding 10 % FBP increased the feed-to-gain ratio; increased water holding capacity and drip loss of pork (P < 0.05) and decreased the content of intermuscular fat of pork (P < 0.05), thus decreasing the taste of pork. To sum up, FBP can be used as a feed raw material to replace part of the grain, and the recommended addition ratio is 5 %.

Studying the sources of infection of broiler chickens by salmonella using ERIC-PCR and agglutination reaction with fluorescencelabeled antigens (FLA).

The study aims to develop diagnostic algorithms for using ERIC-PCR and IRA, which make it possible to identify the routes of Salmonella introduction into a poultry farm. The authors studied the genetic differences of 15 isolates of Salmonella spp., isolated from pathological material, feed raw materials and swabs from poultry houses of broiler poultry farms (parent stock and replacement young animals) in the West Siberian region. The species of Salmonella cultures were confirmed by sequencing and using biochemical tests and agglutination sera. Bacterial DNA was isolated using the standard silicosorption method. Analysis of the genomic DNA of the studied collection of Salmonella using the ERIC-PCR method allowed us to group the resulting strains and isolates into three genotypes that differ in amplicon patterns on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Comparison of IRA results with blood sera of birds from the parent flock and replacement young animals of poultry farm No. 1 made it possible to identify antibodies to both Salmonella genotype one and Salmonella genotype 2 in most of the examined poultry flocks. Analysis of the correlation of antibody titers to Salmonella antigens of the 1st and 2nd genotypes made it possible to exclude a cross-reaction in some poultry houses. The correlation was negative. It was positive in two poultry houses, and there was no correlation in one. The immunofluorescence agglutination reaction system makes it possible to precisely distinguish the seroprevalence of different Salmonella strains at individual agricultural enterprises. The totality of data from serological analysis suggests that some birds have an increased susceptibility to infection with Salmonella of both genotypes, which means that these individuals have genetic characteristics or characteristics of the intestinal microbiota associated with exposure to infection with Salmonella.

The Effect Of Giving Amino Acid Solutions Based On Maggot Bsf (Hermetia Illucians) With Different Concentrations Into The Feed On The Percentage Of Breast And Back Of Kub Chickens

JIRFAN DAWANTO (4517035005). The Effect of Giving Amino Acid Solutions Based on BSF Maggots (Hermetia Illucians) with Different Concentrations into the Feed on the Percentage of Breast and Back of KUB Chickens. (Under the guidance of Asmawati Mudarsep as the main guide and Muhammad Idrus as the aggota guide).&#x0D; KUB chickens are widely kept by farmers because they have fast growth. The current constraint on native chicken farming is the high price of feed raw materials. Therefore, Maggot from the Black Soldier Fly fly (Hermetia Illucens) is one of the best alternatives as a mixture of chicken feed because it has a nutrient composition that is almost the same as fish meal. Based on this, this study aims to determine the Effect of Giving Amino Acid Solutions Based on BSF Maggot (Hermetia Illucians) with Different Concentrations into Feed on the Percentage of Breast and Back of KUB Chickens.&#x0D; This study used the DOC of 96 KUB chickens and was kept for 60 days with a cage map of 16 plots and each plot consisted of 6 KUB chickens. Feed used at the age of 1-30 days is given BP-11 granules, then at the age of 31-60 days using mixed feed by adding a fermented Maggot-based amino acid solution arranged according to treatment.&#x0D; The treatment used is the administration of BSF maggot-based amino acid solutions , namely: P0, P1 (15 ml), P2 (30 ml), P3 (45 ml)&#x0D; The results of the analysis of various doses of Maggot amino acid solution as an additive to mixed feed showed results that had no real effect (P&gt;0.05) on the percentage of breast and back of KUB chickens. However, the administration of Maggot amino acid solution as an additive to mixed feed did not reduce the weight of KUB chicken breasts and buttocks and showed good performance

IPTEK BAGI MASYARAKAT MESIN PENCETAK PELET UNTUK PAKAN TERNAK AYAM DAN LELE

The need for feed is very important for breeder, especially for chicken and catfish breeders in Indonesia with rapid development, for example breeders in Bangka Belitung to be precise in Sempan village. The high price of feed makes breeders process their own feed simply. In processing, breeders mice and mix the raw materials manually by hand and then ferment then overnight. From these problems, breeders need a machine that can refine feed raw material into one form of feed that is easily digested for livestock, such as pellets. Currently the processing of feed in the form of pellets can be used as an option. Therefore , a design and manufacture of a pellet molding machine was made for chicken and catfish feed with capacity of 10 kg/hour. The design method used in completing this final project is Verein Deutsche Ingineuer (VDI 2222) where this method is planned so that the actions taken are more directed and achieve the expected targets. Based on results of this design, a pellet molding machine design for chicken and catfish feed was obtained using electric motor with a power of 0.5 HP and rotation speed 1400 rpm with pulley and v-belt transmission and horizontal engine system using a screw as suppressor. From the trial results, the machine was able to print pellets with a diameter of 3 mm and 5 mm with capacity of 10 kg/hour.