Fear Of Unemployment Research Articles

Anxiety Level of the Music Teacher Candidates Studying Music Teaching in Türkiye

The most important factor negatively affecting individuals’ success in professional music education is anxiety of unemployment. For them, graduation from university means the beginning of a life of either employment or unemployment. Job selection plans about the role in real life, friendships, fear of unemployment, and other responsibilities are some of the factors creating anxiety. The aim of this research is to discover the professional anxieties of the music teacher candidates studying in music education departments. The study sought to investigate whether the professional anxiety of the teacher candidates varies depending on their gender, income level of their families, the way they studied musical teaching, and their grades. This research is a descriptive study conducted for the purpose of determining the “anxiety levels” of music teacher candidates in Turkey. The data was collected using a personal information form and the anxiety scales for teacher candidates. The sample group of the study consisted of 80 students studying in Marmara University. According to the study, meaningful variances exist between the variables such as “gender, grade, and income level of the family” and professional anxiety levels.

Dental Environment Stress Among Iraqi Students: A Qualitative Study

Objective: To determine the degree of psychological stress in undergraduate dental students & explore related gender variation. Methods: 100 5th-year dental students at Al-Rafidain University College (RUC), Iraq, participated in the study by completing The Modified Dental Environment Stress Questionnaire (DES). Results: The primary sources of stress were found to be Completing the clinical requirement, the Atmosphere created by the clinical supervisors, Full working day, Patients being late or not showing up for their appointments, Difficulty in learning precision manual skills required for clinical and laboratory work, examination, and grades & fear of unemployment. The highest score source was (patients being late or not showing), followed by (examination and grades). Regarding gender differences, the (Full working day) was the highest stressor item for the male student’s team, while female students chose (Atmosphere created by clinical supervisors) as their top stressor. Conclusion: The highest perceived sources of stress reported by students should be further explored by longitudinal studies, and strategies to minimize the resulting stress should be developed and implemented since psychological stress in study years of dentistry predicts occupational stress later.

Students’ work placement learning and employability nexus: Reflections from experiential learning and social cognitive career theories

To curtail difficulties in higher education relating to students’ learning with few or no real-life examples, poor acquisition of practical skills, a lack of confidence concerning their prospective career, and a fear of unemployment, it is imperative to engage students in real-life work environments before graduation. Drawing on the integration of Experiential Learning Theory and Social Cognitive Career Theory, the authors explore the work placement learning (WPL), career decision self-efficacy (CDSE), engagement in practical skills (EPS), and perceived employability skills (PES) nexuses. The participants in the study (N = 451) were technical and vocational education undergraduates drawn from four universities in Nigeria. Using data collected via a cross-sectional survey, the study results reveal that WPL is positively and strongly associated with PES. The results also show that WPL has a positive indirect influence on PES via CDSE and EPS, indicating the presence of serial mediation. The results further show that WPL has discrete positive indirect effects on PES via the dimensions of CDSE (self-appraisal, occupational information, goal selection, planning and problem-solving). The implications of the findings for higher education institutions are, accordingly, set out.

Stress amongst paediatric dental postgraduate students in India: A mixed-method approach.

Dental profession is one of the most stressful healthcare occupations. Paediatric dental postgraduates face multifaceted challenges in their everyday practice. This study aimed to determine the sources of stress amongst paediatric dental postgraduate students in India using a mixed-method approach. A sequential mixed-methods approach was employed. In the quantitative phase, a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey was conducted amongst paediatric dental postgraduates in India using the "Google Forms application" link. Based on the Dental Environment Stress (DES) questionnaire, the stress PACT questionnaire which includes 35 items was framed and validated. This validated questionnaire was used in the survey. In the qualitative phase, one-on-one, semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted amongst 12 postgraduates. A total of 422 participants took part in the quantitative survey. Academic and specialty-related domains were found to be the significant causes of stress amongst the five domains (p<.001). The top three stressful factors were as follows: getting an ideal case for clinical exams (68.2%), financial resources for conferences, dissertation, short studies and publications (53.2%) and fear of unemployment after graduation (52.3%). Based on qualitative interviews, four themes were derived, namely choice of paediatric dentistry, postgraduate life experience, stress management and expected changes in postgraduate life. Psychological well-being of the student is an important factor that influences the overall performance of students. Identifying the stress factors and using appropriate coping strategies can help postgraduates achieve personal, academic and professional success.

COVID-19, Police Violence, and Educational Disruption: The Differential Experience of Anxiety for Racial and Ethnic Households.

BackgroundThe threat of a deadly pandemic, racial tension, recessionary economic circumstances, and educational disruption likely contributed to the heightened anxiety felt by many Americans in 2020. This study examines the differential anxiety experienced by Black, White, and Hispanic households with and without children during 2020.MethodData from the Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey detailing the frequency of anxiety among a nationally representative sample of adults from April 23 to December 21, 2020, was coupled with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention records of COVID-19 diagnoses and state-level police killings. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the relative contribution of COVID-19 deaths, police violence, unemployment, fear of unemployment, change in educational delivery, and geographic location to anxiety among racial/ethnic cohorts with and without children.ResultsAnxiety frequency increased over the sample for all groups. However, White anxiety was highly responsive to state-level COVID-19 fatalities, while Black anxiety was highly correlated with police violence. Households with children showed higher levels of anxiety during nontraditional educational delivery, whereas both households with and without children experienced high levels of fear regarding employment uncertainty and poverty.ConclusionsExperiences in 2020 impacted all groups differently, but each showed a high frequency of anxiety.

Below the tip of the iceberg: A qualitative perspective of psychological and social aspects of occupational diseases

Objective: The inadequacy of preventative measures to combat the harmful effects of the working environment leads to circumstances where workers develop occupational diseases. Workers lose their good health and also experience other challenges in various aspects of their daily lives such as being forced to quit their jobs or showing poor performance at work. This study was carried out to observe, understand and analyse the psychological and social consequences that occupational diseases may give rise to. Methods: It is a quaWlitative study and involves in-depth interviews with workers who were diagnosed with occupational diseases. Interviews, that were conducted with 20 participants through the use of a voice recorder, cover both medical and legal aspects. A targeted sample, chosen to represent the full spectrum of illness, was taken from those who had received medical or legal confirmation of occupational disease. The data was generated manually by the researchers and generated through the thematic analysis technique, again, by the researchers without the use of a software.Results: We found that the process of diagnosing occupational disease was in itself a stressor and workers experienced negative effects on their mental health, family relationships, gender roles as well as their individual, social and daily living skills.Conclusion: These effects were manifested in the lives of participants suffering from occupational diseases as stigmatization, depression, social adjustment disorders, concerns about the future, fear of unemployment, impaired gender role and loss of status. The main contribution of this study to the available studies is to demonstrate the necessity to include “stigma related information” in the diagnosis and treatment processes of occupational diseases.

Analyzing Industry 4.0 Implementation Barriers in Indian SMEs

Production in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) makes a substantial contribution to the Gross Domestic Product directly and indirectly in developing economies including India. In the present time, applying Industry 4.0 to the SMEs will build a smart manufacturing system that will prove to be economically feasible as well as socially sustainable. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize major barriers of implementing Industry 4.0 in Indian SMEs. A questionnaire with 12 barriers which were identified based on the literature survey and expert discussion was made to be filled by industry experts of production, information technology, business and members of the top management in SMEs. Further, Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods like TOPSIS, VIKOR and PROMETHEE are used to find the rank for each barrier. The study reveals that the major implementation barriers of Industry4.0 in Indian SMEs are fear of unemployment, lack of IT training, poor IT infrastructure, etc. The ranking for each barrier will not only help to assess risks in manufacturing, supply chain or business initiative, but also to help the managers in devising risk mitigation plans. This study may be used by firms working under the manufacturing sector.

Associating Unemployment with Panic Attack Using Deep Learning during COVID-19

Corona Virus Infectious Disease (COVID-19) is newly emerging infectious disease. It is known to the world in late 2019. Due to this, the mental health of employees is disturbed. There is always a fear of unemployment amongst employees due to the present scenario of lockdown. This may even create a panic attack. It has been happening rapidly during COVID-19. It has a great effect on human health. This paper analyses multiple factors that have an impact on causing panic attacks. Deep Learning techniques are explored which detects panic disorders on people. Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based deep learning framework is utilized in this paper that assembles multiple RNN layers along with other hyper-parameters into a single model. This method is implemented by capturing interfering factors and predicts the panic attack tendency of people during COVID-19. Early prediction of panic attacks may assist in saving life from unwanted circumstances. It is also observed that comparative study between MLP and stacked-RNN classifier indicates significantly better results of proposed model over MLP classifier in terms of evaluating metrics.

Coronavírus e a farsa da liberdade negocial nos Acordos Individuais entre empregados e empregadores

A vulnerabilidade do empregado no exercício da sua liberdade negocial individual relaciona-se diretamente com direitos de liberdade e igualdade, condensando o feixe de estudo da autonomia privada. Em tempos de pandemia pelo COVID-19, a vulnerabilidade do empregado apodera-se de forma agravada, em face de um desequilíbrio ainda mais notório nas relações jurídicas empregatícias. O autorregramento da vontade e a criação de normas jurídicas individuais, no entanto, foi privilegiado pelas Medidas Provisórias 927, já inválida, e 936, convertida na Lei 14.020/20, ao afirmarem a força dos acordos individuais trabalhistas. Concluiu-se que estas normas individuais ofendem a rede de proteção social do trabalho ante a pantomima da liberdade negocial, que acentua o domínio da vontade dos empregados pelo receio de desemprego e poderes do empregador, além de promover o esvaziamento da autonomia privada coletiva, numa precarização da entidade sindical.

Perceived sources of stress amongst Indian dental students in Bareilly city

Introduction: In addition to the stresses pertaining to dentistry as a profession, dental students have to face the additional stress of their studies. Through stress can also contribute to decreased student performance. The aim of this study was to assess perceived sources of stress among undergraduate dentists at a Dental College in Bareilly, India.&#x0D; Materials and methods: A modified dental environment stress (DES) questionnaire which consisted of 38 questions was used to assess the levels of stress.&#x0D; Results: The first major stressor for all the students was examination and grades followed by full working day, fear of unemployment after graduation, receiving criticism from supervisors about academic or clinical work, amount of cheating in dental faculty, rules and regulations of the faculty. Fear of unemployment after graduation and lack of relaxation were among the six highest stressors in each year, at least four. The perception of stress between genders with a male predilection was significantly different. Eighteen of the 38 questionnaire items had significant differences across the year groups including clinical DES items.&#x0D; Conclusion: The primary sources of stress perceived by dental students were exams and grades followed by full working day and receiving criticism about academic or clinical work from superiors. Since high levels of perceived stress can reduce student performance, dental schools should consider courses in stress management.

Quality of Life assessment of people with Epilepsy in COVID Pandemic

The lock down in COVID-19 affected India’s economy, health and quality of life, causing an indefinite standstill for the majority of major urban areas in India. Check out the different economic and health challenges faced by the urban populations of India and their lock down perceptions, CHD Group has conducted the Mangalore based global health organization this national evaluation survey. 604 respondents from 25 Indian states (including the Delhi and Jammu and Kashmir Union territories) were surveyed. The survey involved respondents from all the worst-hit countries, including Maharashtra, Gujarat, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh and Ra, who had confirmed COVID-19 as on 1 May 2020. According to the CHD Group’s COVID-19 Lock down National Assessment Survey, 40% of India’s urban population is living in fear of unemployment. In addition, 15% of employed respondents do not receive the same monthly income during the lock-down period. A worryingly large proportion (48 %) of respondents face difficulties in accessing essential commodities during the lock-up. 21% faced difficulties in purchasing medicines, and 18% faced difficulties in accessing healthcare facilities, even in urban centres. Inadequate access to healthcare facilities during the lockdown may lead to potential exacerbations of their pre-existing illnesses. Furthermore, access constraints to medicines and healthcare facilities were highest among respondents from the states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, which also collectively account to nearly 60% of COVID-19 cases in India. (https://www.chdefforts.org/ publications/, 2020) Based on the situation, we planned the assessment of Quality of Life of People with Epilepsy during the COVID Pandemic.

Immigration and the Fear of Unemployment: Evidence From Individual Perceptions in Italy

We test whether natives correctly assess the effects of immigration on their own labour market opportunities. We relate self-reported job loss and job finding probabilities to the presence of foreign-born residents in a native’s neighborhood. We interpret coefficient estimates through the lens of a simple learning model that allows us to disentangle the true effect of immigration from the perception bias. Our results show that natives greatly overestimate the effects of immigrants on their likelihood of losing the current job against the lack of significant true effects; job seekers’s perceptions are instead broadly unaffected, a largely correct assessment given the failure to detect significant true effects. Overestimation of the negative effects of immigration on separation rates is very much concentrated among females, the low educated, the youths, the residents of smaller towns and employees on permanent contracts; the complementary groups appear to correctly assess that immigration has at best only modest effects. We briefly discuss the implications of these findings for the interpretation of empirical work on the labour market effects of immigration.

Automation and Mechanics: How it Affects Employee Perceptions and Relationships at Work

Automation, and new technologies, have become well-known terms over the last few decades but with this new "fame" a few negative aspects as well. Automation has always carried a particular shadow of fear wherever it went. This fear includes the anxiety of replacement, the fear of unemployment, the fear of conflict between employees and employers and the fear of losing valuable relationships at work if it were to be implemented. In South Africa, seeing as though South Africa is still a developing country, employees have not yet experienced the full impact of automation as in developed countries such as America, China and England. Automation has only been implemented on a small scale in some companies. Nevertheless, these small scale implementations still caused a negative ripple throughout the business sector of the country. Employees perceived automation as being a problem that will only lead to an employee being replaced or losing his or her work. The phenomenological study was done using qualitative research by interviewing low-level employees and their managers/employers. The interviews focused on how employees perceived the various factors of automation. The primary objective of this study was to identify the perceptions that employees had of automation and how they feel automation will affect their world of work. The researcher examined various ways that automation influenced the labour market regarding employees, especially low skilled workers. The results of the study showed that even though automation is still relatively new in South Africa, employees always feared its presence.

Psychological Well-Being among Nursing Students

Introduction: Nursing students are subjected to a variety of stressors during their study. Severe and prolonged stressors may affect the psychological well-being in the form of depression, anxiety and stress which may affect students’ academic performance, physical health and quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the rate and severity of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms and also to assess the relationship between these symptoms with stressors faced by the students. Materials and method: A sample of 174 nursing students from International Islamic University Malaysia participated in this study. Depression Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the psychological well-being by determining the prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety and stress (DAS) symptoms. The sources of stressors were identified by giving the students a list of the most possible source of stressors which were chosen depending on previous studies, and then the severity of stressors and their relationship with these symptoms were assessed. Results: The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms was 51.7%, 81.6% and 43.1% respectively but it was found that 13.2%, 44.3% and 10.3% of nursing students have clinically significant depression, anxiety and stress respectively. No significant differences between the gender and age of students in relation to DAS symptoms. Regarding the source of stressors, the top five stressors decided by the students were fear of failing, examination and grades, study pressure and obligations, fear of unemployment after graduation and academic overload. Conclusion: Depression, anxiety and stress symptoms are present among nursing students which require early intervention. Academic factors can be considered as sources of stressors that may precipitate emotional disturbances among the nursing students.

Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Assessment in the Surgical Cotton Gauze and Bandage Cloth Cluster

Creating a sustainable entrepreneurial environment is vital for the success of cluster development. Surgical cotton and Bandage Cloth manufacturing is the traditional business for the people at Chatrapatti, Tamil Nadu, India. This cluster has more than 100 micro enterprises providing employment and contributing significantly to export. This research aims to assess the entrepreneurial ecosystem at Chatrapatti. A structured questionnaire is framed and collected from the 55 entrepreneurs at Chatrapatti and the result reveals that 92 percent of the entrepreneurs started sole proprietorship type of business without any business family background. 70 percent of them are degree or diploma holders, the majority of them are in the age category of 25 and above without prior industry experience from the same industry. The result reveals that capital, labor and raw material availability are the most influential factor to venture into the bandage cloth manufacturing business. Desire to make money, fear of unemployment and passion for self-employment are the highly motivating factors for starting the business. The entrepreneurs’ skill assessment reveals that the entrepreneurs have good ability in fundraising and estimating the cash flows for the business. They have good negotiating and communication skill but lack the strategy for promoting the product using the social media and website for reaching the global market. Research result highlighted that the entrepreneurs are having good networking with supplier, and good ability in inventory management. Factor analysis revealed that the friends and family support, network, the success of friends in business are the highly motivating factors for starting the business. The entrepreneurs felt that the municipality compliance regarding the pollution control highly affects their business and need support from government to implement recycling technologies and supportive funding for implementing

English

Introduction: Studies among undergraduate students in Malaysia have assessed the impact of stressors on the mental health of students. Nursing students are subjected to a variety of stressors during their study. Severe and prolonged stressors may lead to psychological distress which may affect students’ academic performance, physical health and quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the rate of psychological distress and its relationship with stressors faced by the students. Methodology:A sample of 174 nursing students from International Islamic University Malaysia participated in this study. The psychological distress was assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. The sources of stressors were identified by giving the students a list of the most possible source of stressors which were chosen depending on previous studies, and then the severity of stressors and their relationship with psychological distress were assessed. Results: The prevalence of psychological distress was 31.6%. No significant differences between the gender and age of students in relation to psychological distress. Regarding the source of stressors, the top five stressors decided by the students were fear of failing, examination and grades, study pressure and obligations, fear of unemployment after graduation andacademic overload. Conclusion: psychological distress is present among nursing students which require early intervention. Academic and psychological factors can be considered as sources of stressors that may precipitate emotional disturbances among the nursing students.

DISILLUSIONMENT AS CENTRAL IN THE LIVES OF THE AFRICAN DIASPORA: THE CASE OF TWO ETHIOPIAN DIASPORA NOVELS

Though few thematic and narratological studies were done on Ethiopian Diaspora novels, detailed reading of the novels on disillusionment is unavailable. But disillusionment is probably a concept that well describes the diaspora situation. This study is a comparative thematic analysis of disillusionment in the African diaspora characters represented in ‘The Texture of Dreams’ and ‘The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears’. The results showed all the African migrant characters in the novels experienced disillusionment. Their disillusionment resulted from unemployment, underemployment, fear of unemployment, unachieved higher education goals, lack of appreciation, and powerlessness. Due to these, the immigrant characters fail to realize their dreams of a happy and satisfied lives and live in frustration and apathy. And the novel ‘The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears’ shows the causes and stages of disillusionment more elaborately. Except for one character whose disillusionment seems eased by joining the academia and starting romance, the rest nurse their wounds of disillusionment drinking alcohol and releasing their stifled griefs upon each other. No character reverses disillusionment. Thus, disillusionment seems central and inescapable in the lives of the alienated and culturally dislocated African diaspora. Doubly othered both as immigrants and blacks, they seem to have been left to wallow in frustration and apathy never finding a cure and nursing themselves with whatever provides temporary painkiller relief Keywords: Disillusionment; African/Ethiopian Diaspora; Novel; Alienation; Cultural dislocation; the American Drea

Dynamic effects of monetary policy shocks on macroeconomic volatility

We develop a VAR that allows the estimation of the impact of monetary policy shocks on volatility. Estimates for the US suggest that an increase in the policy rate by 1% is associated with a rise in unemployment and inflation volatility of about 15%. Using a New Keynesian model, with search and matching labour frictions and Epstein-Zin preferences we show that these volatility effects are driven by the coexistence of agents’ fears of unemployment and concerns about the (in) ability of the monetary authority to reverse deviations from the policy rule with the impact magnified by the agents’ preferences.

Молодежный рынок труда: европейский опыт в российском контексте

This article analyzes problems of the youth labour market in the regions of Russia. The disproportionate placement of productive resources, cultural centers and institutions of professional education per capita among the regions presupposes different levels of efforts taken by young persons in achieving their life goals. Comparison of the unemployment problem perception by young people and of its real level reflects a lack of correlation between these indices. Under conditions of uncertainty and changing reality, characteristic of globalization, there are many reasons for anxiety, the fear of unemployment, which is the most obvious factor creating a sense of backsliding on a usual and stable lifestyle. In this situation, the personal perception of being in demand is important. The behavioural stereotype among young people is changing, they increasingly prefer &ldquo;selfbilding&rdquo; to achieve their being in demand on the labour market, rather than rely on social institutions. Informal employment and migration to regions with high economic activity is discussed in the article as impelled and spontaneous adaptation of young people. In most regions, &ldquo;antimigration&rdquo; becomes a challenge. In his address to the Federal Assembly, the President Vladimir Putin said that the outflow of labour from regions is contrary to the objectives set in the country. The informally employed, not having an official status, may not work in the public management &ndash; they are concentrated mainly in agriculture, construction and trade. Another labour market niche is occupied by migrants: mining, construction, transport and communications, finance. The situation on the labour market was affected by the crisis of 2014, however, the latter only emphasized the existing problems. Needs and requirements of each segment of society are quite specific and depend on the historical situation, in this case &ndash; upon regional conditions and possibilities of young people&rsquo;s adaptation there. As a promising form of adaptation, the author proposes to consider the European experience of labour force participation in social economy.

Human Resource Information System implementation readiness in the Ethiopian health sector: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundHealth workforce information systems in low-income countries tend to be defective with poor relationship to information sources. Human Resource Information System (HRIS) is currently in a pilot implementation phase in the Federal Ministry of Health and Regional Health Bureaus of Ethiopia. Before scaling up the implementation, it is important to understand the implementation readiness of hospitals and health departments. The aims of this study were to assess the readiness for HRIS implementation, identify associated factors, and explore the implementation challenges in public hospitals and health departments of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study supplemented with a qualitative study was conducted from the 15th of February to the 30th of March 2016 in 19 public hospitals and health departments of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. The questionnaire includes items on socio-demographic characteristics and questions measuring technical, personal, and organizational factors adapted from the 32-item questionnaire of the Management Science for Health (MSH) HRIS readiness assessment tool. The data were entered and analyzed with statistical software. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were computed to identify the factors statistically associated with readiness of HRIS implementation. In-depth interviews and observation checklists were used to collect qualitative data. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data.ResultA total of 246 human resource (HR) employees and 16 key informants have been included in the study. The HR employee’s level of readiness for HRIS implementation in this study was 35.8%. Employee’s Internet access (AOR = 2.59, 95%CI = 1.19, 5.62), availability of separate HR section (AOR = 8.08, 95%CI = 3.69, 17.70), basic computer skills (AOR = 6.74, 95%CI = 2.75, 16.56), and fear of unemployment (AOR = 2.83, 95%CI = 1.27, 6.32) were associated with readiness of HRIS implementation. Poor logistic supply, lack of competency, poor commitment, and shortage of finance were the challenges of HRIS implementation.ConclusionIn this study, readiness of HRIS implementation was low. Strategies targeting to improve skills, awareness, and attitude of HR employees would facilitate the implementation process.