Mn doped perovskite structured Nd0.9Mn0.1FeO3 nanoparticles have been successfully prepared using hydrothermal method in aqueous medium. The structural and morphological properties were investigated using XRD, SEM, FE-SEM, and TGA. After establishing the structure and morphology of the compound, thorough investigation into elemental composition with the use of EDX and XPS were carried out. Microstructure arrangement was done with the use of HR-TEM while the BET analysis confirmed the high surface area of the nanoparticles. The structural information was further investigated by AFM. The average particle size of Nd0.9Mn0.1FeO3 nanoparticles increased from 60 to 100 nm with increasing annealing temperature from 500 to 1000 °C, respectively. The structural characterizations confirmed the perovskite nanoparticles to be crystalline orthorhombic structure. Moreover, the new material was explored as anode material for Li-ion battery. The galvanostatic cycling measurement shows that the cells possess reversible specific capacity of 763 mAhg−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 after 100 cycles. The charging and discharging profiles shows that the compound of this kind could be future candidate for electrode material.