Favorable Position Research Articles

Еconomic-Geographical Model of Sustainable Development in Manufacturing and Education

The economic and geographical model of product development can be any economically developed state with a favorable geographical position and its role in relation to other developed countries and states. This paper explores various theories and applications of sustainable development in both established and developing nations, including urban and rural settings. It mainly focuses on the local, national, and global politics of implementation, the future of energy and the environment, the role of business, and agricultural sustainability concepts. This comprehensive work suits undergraduate and graduate students studying geography, environmental science, development studies, and social and political sciences. The paper examines the principles of sustainable development in industry and education, specifically in Russia and other nations. Any economically developed state with a suitable geographic location and favorable position among other economically developed countries and states has a favorable economic and geographic model for product development. Education is highly valued in the modern world, as it provides valuable experiences and information across various scientific disciplines, enriching our understanding of the world and human interactions. European countries possess a diversified economy, advanced science, modern technologies, and a skilled workforce. Leading scientific fields, such as aerospace, electronics, microbiology, and biochemistry, play a significant role in production. However, the most critical economic shifts are associated with the advanced development of professional services, information technology, and scientific research.

Consequence of Financial Crisis on Liquidity and Profitability of Commercial Banks in India: An Empirical Study

In this paper we attempted to investigate impact of Financial Crisis on liquidity and profitability of public and private sector banks in India. Liquidity and profitability are two important parameters among many variables on which strength of banking systems depends. In order to accomplish this study, we have considered from year 2005 to 2018 and empirical evidences were drawn using descriptive statistics, correlation matrix and panel regression model. Mean ROA indicates low profitability for sample banks throughout the period of with substantial variations among banks. The result of correlation indicates that no two variables are highly correlated. ROA is negatively correlated with all the determinants except capital adequacy ratio (CAR) whereas; liquidity is positively correlated with all the determinants except efficiency and bank size. There is an insignificant positive impact of crisis on banks’ profitability and significant positive impact on liquidity. The positive association of liquidity with financial crisis indicating favorable and sound position of banks. The ownership structure indicates public banks are sound in maintaining their liquidity and private banks in earning capabilities during financial crisis.

Investigation of Performance Augmentation Due to Geometric Modification of Vortex Generators Placed in Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchangers

Abstract Compact sizing of fin-and-tube heat exchangers is quite possible by integrating longitudinal vortex generators with the baseline fins. As geometry of the vortex generators is an important design parameter, the thrust of this three-dimensional numerical investigation is to identify the most favorable geometry of winglet type generators, if it exists. For that purpose, a thermo-hydraulic assessment of all the geometric designs, without any bias in the selection of potential contenders, is obligatory. Although past studies have reported the effect of winglet geometry on the performance augmentation, the selected designs were either biased or too less to draw conclusions. Each winglet design may be identified based on the geometric aspect ratio of the generators, which is varied over a wide range (0.5–1.5) in this study. Multiple favorable positions are considered, for installing the winglets around the tubes, before arriving at the favorable geometric design(s). Although highest thermal augmentation is delivered by the generators bearing smallest aspect ratio, linearized highest thermo-hydraulic augmentation is achieved when the ratio equals 0.85 irrespective of the generators’ position. After ascertaining the promising designs, their applicability is examined over a range of Reynolds number which spans from 2122 to 6367. Later part of the study discusses the change in the thermal and flow characteristics of the heat exchanger, due to variations in the winglet geometry. A study of the flow structures makes it evident that the spread of the longitudinal vortices widens, with eventual dissipation, in the flow direction, which has a discernible effect on the heat flux distribution over the fin surface. The study pertaining to the local changes suggests that the surfaces of both fins as well as the tubes undergo heat transfer augmentations, and the degree of augmentation grows with the decreasing aspect ratio of the vortex generators.

Construction of heterogeneous structures of MIL-101(Fe)/Ce/g-C3N4 nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light

A heterostructured MIL-101(Fe)/Ce/g-C3N4 (MCCN) composite was designed and synthesized by solvothermal method. The composite was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, FT-IR, BET, XPS, UV–Vis DRS, PL and EIS. The MCCN photocatalyst exhibits superior photocatalytic performance for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB), and the efficiencies are found to be 90.36% and 88.17%, respectively. The kinetic constants k of MCCN-3 against RhB and MB dyes are 0.04094 min−1 and 0.03319 min−1, respectively, under visible light for 75 ​min irradiation. The improved degradation efficiency of MCCN attributed to the enhanced light absorption and the transport channels of electron-hole pairs by forming a heterojunction between MIL-101(Fe) and Ce/g-C3N4 with a favourable band position. Moreover, the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of dyes was proposed though free radical trapping experiments. This work provides an effective way for constructing novel visible-light-driven photocatalyst in the removal of organic molecules from waste water.

Computational Study of the Adsorption of Small Gas Molecules on Pillar[5]arenes

AbstractThe anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) that is the main cause of the greenhouse effect has become subject to many studies of gas capture, storage, and separation. P[n]A‐based supramolecular organic frameworks (SOF) have emerged as a promising candidate for capturing and separation of CO2. Experimental studies show high adsorption rates and selectivity for CO2 over other gases such as methane (CH4) and nitrogen (N2). [Advanced Materials 26, 7027 (2014)] However, a full understanding of CO2 adsorption in P[n]A is still missing. Using density functional theory (DFT) based calculations, we found that CO2 can be adsorbed by P[5]A in different positions. The most favorable adsorption position is within the cavity of P[5]A. The CO2 molecule adsorbs by forming hydrogen bonds or by π‐π interaction with the benzene rings of P[5]A. Also CH4 and N2 can be physisorbed by P[5]A, but with lower binding energies, which can be explained by the weaker quadrupole moments and polarizabilities of CH4 and N2. Our investigations are the basis for targeted design and optimization of a potential application of P[5]A in CO2 capture, storage, and separation.

Economical aspects of transition to the “green” energy

In the “green economy” concept, issues of sustainable economic development are given special attention. Restructuring of the energy task is considered the most important sector for achieving the goals of sustainable economic development of the economic system. Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, will be one of the leading characters of the upcoming energy transition towards achieving carbon neutrality of global economies and combating climate change. To this end, it is vital to eliminate emissions in areas that are currently difficult to electrify, where hydrogen demonstrates its potential. The favorable geographical position and climatic conditions of Azerbaijan allow the widespread use of ecologically clean alternative (renewable) energy sources in our country

Insights into the binding mechanism between α‐TOH and CYP4F2: A homology modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation study

α-Tocopherol (α-TOH) is a potent antioxidant. The concentrations of α-TOH in plasma are closely related to human health. α-TOH can be regulated by the metabolism of cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2). However, the atomic-level basis for this regulation process remains elusive. Here, we successfully constructed the structure of CYP4F2 by homology modeling and obtained the α-TOH-CYP4F2 complex models using molecular docking. Three parallel 500 ns molecular dynamics simulations were performed on each complex model to investigate the details of the interaction between α-TOH and CYP4F2. MM-GBSA method combined with principal component analysis shows that 8 key residues establish a hydrophobic cavity stabilizing α-TOH in the pocket of CYP4F2 and S423 forms an important hydrogen bond with α-TOH anchoring α-TOH in the favorable position for ω-hydroxylation. Based on our simulation results and the experimental facts, we designed mutation simulation experiments to clarify the important role of two key residues (S423 and V433) in the binding of α-TOH with CYP4F2. The results show that the mutations directly or indirectly change the binding mode of α-TOH and decrease its binding affinity with CYP4F2, which is unfavorable for ω-hydroxylation. Our results could enrich the information on structure-function relationships of CYP4F2 and provide valuable insights into the regulatory mechanism of CYP4F2 on the metabolism of α-TOH.

First principles calculations of electronic and optical properties of InSe nanosheets doped with noble metal atoms

Monolayer Indium Selenide (ML-InSe) is studied for 4x4 supercell structure through ab initio calculations. The electronic and optical properties of ML-InSe for both pristine and substitutional doped ML-InSe with Palladium (Pd), Platinum (Pt), Silver (Ag), and Gold (Au) atoms have been calculated. With substitutional doping, ML-InSe has been observed to have a spin-dependent electronic structure. The flat energy bands near the Fermi level are observed in ML-InSe with doping elements placed in In site. The flat bands of d orbitals of some noble metal atoms are formed by the projected density of states (PDOS). The PDOS calculations show that the s-orbital of In and p-orbital of Se form the conduction band edge. The energetically favorable position of doping atoms is found to be the PtIn substitution atom according to formation energy calculations. For each studied structure, the bond length of the first neighbor of doping atoms in doped ML-InSe, static dielectric constant (ε0), refractive index, and energy band gap have been calculated. In the structure ML-InSe with AuSe, ε0 reaches ∼ 8.15. Another important result is that substitutional doping induces some peaks in the lower energy region of the imaginary part of the dielectric function. These peaks mainly refer to the absorption in related regions and may be important for the optoelectronic properties of ML-InSe.

The reform and practice of online and offline trinity hybrid teaching in the course of restaurant space design

Restaurant space design is a highly practical art and design professional core course, the course teaching reform to online and offline hybrid teaching learning form, through classroom teaching and practical teaching to combine theoretical knowledge and practical application, to achieve the teaching goal of learning to use. In the teaching process, we adopt the "three mains" model with the task as the main line, students as the main body, and teachers as the leader. According to the teaching characteristics and learning objectives of each stage, we adopt theoretical lectures, group discussions, practical training, social practice, and other ways to teach and complete the course work and design tasks by "promoting learning through competition" to fully mobilize students' learning enthusiasm. Through this teaching method and scientific learning evaluation system, students' learning initiative is improved, and the interesting and practical nature of the course is increased, so that students' knowledge intake is changed from "passive input" to "active absorption", and theoretical learning and practical design are integrated and mutually promoted, which helps students to be in a favorable competitive position in future employment and realize the school's talent training goal of "high-quality applied talents".

The Compilation of College Students’ Mental Huagong Scale Based on Chinese Culture

Chinese culture contains rich positive thoughts of mental transformation, mentcal Huagong(MHG: 心理化功) is the embodiment of people’s quality of psychological transformation. MHG refers to the Gongfu(功夫) or mental competence that transforms negative or passive into positive or advantageous mind, which is an indispensable quality for contemporary people, especially college students, to find favorable position for the use of their abilities(用武之地) in society. In order to understand the level of college students’ MHG, 586 college students from ordinary universities in Guangdong Province were tested. By item analysis and exploratory factor analysis on sample 1, confirmatory factor analysis on sample 2, college students’ mental Huagong scale(CSMHGS: 大学生心理化功量表) was compiled finally. The result shows that CSMHGS is composed of 35 items and 5 factors, and the cumulative variance contribution rate is 56.145%. The result of confirmatory factor analysis shows that the 5-factor model fitted well. Cronbach α coefficient of the total scale is 0.854, and the reliability coefficient of each dimension of the scale is between 0.809~0.856. It is concluded that CSMHGS has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a measuring tool for the study of college students’ MHG.

Interactions of Fibrillar Proteins with Lipids: A Molecular Docking Insight

The aggregation of misfolded proteins into specific ordered aggregates, amyloid fibrils, associated with more than forty human diseases, currently attracts great research attention in biomedical and nanotechnological aspects. These aggregates and their oligomeric intermediates are thought to exert their toxic action predominantly at the level of cell membranes. In addition, membrane lipids were found in many amyloid deposits in vivo suggesting that lipid molecules are able to incorporate into fibril structure affecting their morphology and mechanical properties. However, the biological implications and structural prerequisites of fibril-lipid interactions still remain unclear. In the present study the molecular docking techniques was employed to explore the interactions between the amyloid fibrils and lipids in the model systems containing the fibrillar forms of lysozyme, insulin, Aβ (1-42) peptide and N-terminal (1-83) fragment of apolipoprotein A-I, as a protein component and cholesterol, cardiolipin or phosphatidylcholine as a lipid component. Using the PatchDock web server and BIOVIA Discovery Studio software, the structural peculiarities of fibril-lipid associates were uncovered. The van der Waals and alkyl/π-alkyl interactions were found to prevail in stabilization of all types of fibril-lipid complexes. The analysis of most energetically favorable docking positions revealed a preferable surface location of lipids and partial penetration of acyl chains of cardiolipin and phosphatidylcholine into fibril grooves.

Wer war Fritz Mandl: Waffen, Nazis und Geheimdienste by Ursula Prutsch

Reviewed by: Wer war Fritz Mandl: Waffen, Nazis und Geheimdienste by Ursula Prutsch Jacqueline Vansant Ursula Prutsch, Wer war Fritz Mandl: Waffen, Nazis und Geheimdienste. Vienna/Graz: Molden Verlag, 2022. 303 pp. If Fritz Mandl is known to readers, it is most likely as Hedy Kiesler Lamarr's tyrannical first husband. But Mandl was much more than that—among other things, he was one of the wealthiest men in Europe as well as a major player in the munitions industry. Although of Jewish heritage he was labeled a Nazi agent by American intelligence during World War II. In fourteen gripping chapters, Ursula Prutsch places the life of this fascinating if somewhat unsympathetic figure within a larger historical context, beginning with the story of the emancipation of the Jews in Austria-Hungary and its meaning for Mandl's ancestors. She views his personal life and business dealings through the lens of turbulent events of the twentieth century and documents both unethical and illegal practices in the munitions and weapons industry. Fritz Mandl was born in 1900, the son of a wealthy atheist industrialist of Jewish heritage and a Catholic mother. Mandl's parents did not marry until he was ten, and his "illegitimate" birth plagued him growing up. At the same time, he enjoyed all the advantages of wealth, which may have helped him remain in school despite poor grades. At the age of 24 he assumed the directorship of the Hirtenberger munitions factory that was in dire financial straits. Proving himself a shrewd factory owner, he often promoted his business transactions by circumventing the laws and selling munitions to third parties, who then sold them further. Trading with warring sides became a trademark practice of Mandl's. An admirer of Mussolini and an Austrian patriot, Mandl viewed Italian-type fascism as the means to protect Austria from the National Socialists. After an unsuccessful putsch attempt by the leader of the Styrian Heimwehr, Walter Pfrimer, in September 1931, Mandl reached out to the Italians for armed support. Having supported the Heimwehr and its leader, Graf Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg, financially for many years, he worked behind the scenes to get them better armed. Before the Anschluss Mandl had the foresight to diversify his holdings, which placed him in a much more favorable position than many other exiles. Having transferred 440,000 Pounds sterling from the factory to a private account in Switzerland, the magnate forced the National Socialists to negotiate with him to buy the factory, a rare occurrence indeed. In the hope of building up new business interests, Mandl settled in Argentina, [End Page 93] where he soon fell under the surveillance of the North and South American intelligence agencies. Prutsch points to the 1944 article "Poison from Austria," in which the American journalist Francis Rufus Bellamy labels Fritz Mandl "one of the most sinister figures of the Western Hemisphere" and "Menace No. 1 to the peace of the Americas" (210). The man who had to flee Austria because of his Jewish heritage was now labeled a Nazi. The Americans placed him on a blacklist, which limited his travel and froze some of his assets for years. Although he had done business with Nazis in the past and was not disinclined to work with Nazis, Mandl certainly was not one. However, Juan Perón used the rumors to his advantage after Argentina declared war on the Axis to imprison Mandl as a Nazi sympathizer. After being taken off the blacklist, Mandl was allowed to return to Austria and regained control of the Hirtenberger factory in 1957. As a major employer in Austria, he was able to have the government look the other way when again he engaged in unethical and illegal practices. The scandals surrounding his firm did not cease with his death in 1977. Prutsch closes with the infamous Noricum affair in the 1980s when the Hirtenberger factory, then a subsidiary of VOEST-Alpine, was involved in the illegal sale of weapons to Iran. Prutsch convincingly argues that Mandl's life story is compelling for many reasons. Indeed, this biography covers more than the life story of a major player in the munitions industry, who distanced himself from his...

Cross‐finger flap as ultima ratio for the reconstruction of defects of the finger flexor sides

Cross‐finger flap as ultima ratio for the reconstruction of defects of the finger flexor sides

Application Research of Data Mining in MES Quality Management

With the increasing market competition, enterprises have continuously raised the requirements for product quality in order to gain a favorable position in the market competition. In industrial production, MES quality information management mainly involves the collection, statistical analysis, and utilization of information data that affect quality in daily production. In actual industrial production, the formation of product quality is the result of the interaction of numerous factors. Due to the many factors and scenarios involved, traditional data statistical analysis methods cannot accurately and effectively analyze the collected relevant data, and fail to fully mine the value of data. This paper proposes the application of data mining technology to MES quality information management systems and elaborates on the use of the K-means algorithm and Apriori association rule algorithm to analyze the related processing rules of parts in the production and processing process. The algorithm model is used to analyze the actual production and processing data of a certain enterprise, and finally, the value and application of parts association processing rules in actual enterprise production management are summarized.

Medial wall reconstruction using metal disc augments in revision total hip arthroplasty.

Medial acetabular bone defects are frequently encountered in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), but few studies have focused on their reconstruction. This study aimed to report the radiographic and clinical results after medial acetabular wall reconstruction using metal disc augments in revision THA. Forty consecutive revision THA cases using metal disc augments for medial acetabular wall reconstruction were identified. Post-operative cup orientation, the centre of rotation (COR), stability of acetabular components and peri-augments osseointegration were measured. The pre-operative and post-operative Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) were compared. The mean post-operative inclination and anteversion were 41.88 ± 6.70° and 16.73 ± 5.35°, respectively. The median vertical and lateral distance between the reconstructed CORs and the anatomic CORs were -3.45 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: -11.30 mm, -0.02 mm) and 3.18 mm (IQR: -0.03 mm, 6.99 mm). Thirty-eight cases completed the minimum twoyear clinical follow-up, whereas 31 had a minimum twoyear radiographic follow-up. Acetabular components were radiographically stable with bone ingrowth in 30 cases (30/31, 96.8%) while one case was classified as radiographic failure. Osseointegration around disc augments was observed in 25 of 31 cases (80.6%). The median HHS improved from 33.50 (IQR: 27.50-40.25) pre-operatively to 90.00 (IQR: 86.50-96.25) (p < 0.001), whereas the median WOMAC significantly improved from 38.02 (IQR: 29.17-46.09) to 85.94 (IQR: 79.43-93.75) (p < 0.001). In revision THA with severe medial acetabular bone defect, disc augments could provide favorable cup position and stability, peri-augments osseointegration, with satisfactory clinical scores.

Improved catalytic efficiency of chimeric xylanase 10B from Thermotoga petrophila RKU1 and its synergy with cellulases

TpXyl10B is a glycoside hydrolase family 10 xylanase of hyperthermophile Thermotoga petrophila RKU-1. This enzyme is of considerable importance due to its thermostability. However, in its native state, this enzyme does not possess any carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) for efficient binding to plant biomass. In this study CBM6 from Clostridium thermocellum was attached to the N- and C-termini of TpXyl10B, thereby producing the variants TpXyl10B-B6C and TpXyl10B-CB6, respectively. TpXyl10B-B6C showed 5–7 folds increased activity on Beechwood xylan and the different types of plant biomass as compared to that from the catalytic domain only. However, the activity of TpXyl10B-CB6 decreased 0.6–0.8 folds on Beechwood xylan and plant biomass compared to the catalytic domain. We explained these results through molecular modeling, which showed that binding residues of CBM6's cleft B, which were previously reported to show no contribution towards binding due to steric hindrance from a loop region, were exposed in a favorable position in TpXyl10B-B6C such that they efficiently bound the substrate. In contrast, these binding residues of CBM6 in TpXyl10B-CB6 were exposed opposite to the catalytic residues; thus, binding to the substrate resulted in decreased exposure of catalytic residues to the substrate. CD spectroscopy and thermostability assays showed that TpXyl10B-B6C was highly thermostable, having a melting point > 90 °C, which is relatively higher than that of the other variant, TpXyl10B-CB6. In addition, this xylanase variant showed synergism with cellulases for the hydrolysis of plant biomass. Therefore, TpXyl10B-B6C, an engineered xylanase in this study, can be a valuable candidate for industrial applications.

Protected Areas in the Function of Sustainable Tourism Development—A Case of Deliblato Sands Special Nature Reserve, Vojvodina Province

The Deliblato Sands Special Nature Reserve (SNR) is located in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Northern Serbia). The favorable position implies the proximity to large cities with which it has good traffic connections. Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Croatia, and other countries from the region represent a dispersive zone. The topic of this paper is the function that the SNR has in sustainable tourism development. The objective of this work is the analytical research of the available written data, as well as those obtained after the conducted survey. The basis of the research is to find out how and to what extent the SNR contributes to sustainable tourism development. The research was carried out by measuring the value of sustainable tourism indicators, and examining the attitudes of residents, visitors, and students about the current state of sustainable tourism and the importance of the SNR for future tourism development. Respondents were selected using a random sample method. The authors used qualitative and quantitative methodologies in the paper. This research examined the SNR sustainable development by measuring sustainability indicators and surveying 1884 respondents (714 residents, 620 visitors, and 550 students) about sustainable tourism in the SNR. The obtained data were analyzed and presented with the help of SPSS v. 21 software. The research results can be used to create national and international strategies for sustainable tourism development.

Rethinking and inventing Territory, Infrastructure and Housing in the case of Post pandemic Region of Lezha (Albania)

The region of Lezhe is located in a strategic position of Albania. This region is bordered by the Region of Shkodra in the North, Kukesi in the Northeast, Dibra in the East, Durres in the South and the Adriatic Sea in the West. The favorable geographical position makes Lezha an important exchange node for the north-south and east-west traffic arteries. This favorable location, where the "blue corridor" is expected to pass and where the "Kombi" road currently passes, makes Lezha a strategic node for the future. In fact, the influence of the geographical position is currently felt in the economic and touristic development of Lezha. It is transforming rapidly by entering the global race of innovative cities. Beyond this development, which until now has been based on the regulations of various urban plans, this study brings several proposals and strategies that seek to transform Lezha into a resilient city that adapts to the state of post-pandemic cities. The proposals are divided into three categories that firstly affect Infrastructure and Services, secondly biodiversity and the environment and finally urban development and housing. These proposals are divided into two parts, since it was attempted to contain the comments or suggestions that were received from the meetings with the local actors.

Reliability of a Custom Device Used to Measure Isometric Knee Flexor and Extensor Strength in Standing Position

Background: Assessing lower limb strength in the field is problematic, as the "gold standard assessment" with isokinetic strength is cumbersome, and the device is costly and not transportable and keeps the angle of the hip at around 90°. Methods: We evaluated isometric muscle strength in a standing position with the help of an exoskeleton that holds the subject and makes the test easily repeatable. Results: The optimal device angles for hip and knee were, respectively, 20° and 80° for flexor tests and 30° and 40° for extensor tests. Test-retest reliability was very high for the right knee extensor (ICC 0.96-0.98), left knee extensor (ICC 0.96-0.97), right knee flexor (ICC 0.91-0.96), and left knee flexor (ICC 0.96-0.97). Furthermore, the typical error in percent (T.E.%) ranged from 2.50 to 5.50%, and the change in the mean in percent ranged from 0.84 to 7.72%, making it possible to determine even a slight variation in force. Conclusions: this new method could represent a valid alternative for assessing strength, due to the high reliability and the favorable joint position, particularly in football.

Accurate molecular dynamics modeling of Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane interaction with signaling molecules.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for lungs, urinary tract, and surgical wound infections. This gram-negative bacterium releases outer membrane vesicles (OMV) derived from the cell's outer membrane (OM), serving diverse functions in bacterial survival, including nutrient acquisition, signaling, antibiotic resistance, delivery vehicle, and host-immune response modulation. This work aims to develop an accurate in silico model of P. aeruginosa outer membrane using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) to understand OMV biogenesis formation based on the prediction of the bilayer-couple model. This model predicts the intercalation of a signaling molecule name Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) to the OM as the main driver for the vesicle formation. In this study, the asymmetric model OM is composed of PA14 Lipid A in the outer leaflet and a mixture of POPE and POPG phospholipids in the inner leaflet. Due to the use of periodic boundary conditions in MD simulations, the compositional asymmetry imposes a fixed ratio of lipid numbers between the two leaflets, which needs to be set with caution. It has been shown that many widely used methods of defining this ratio lack control over the stress state of the membrane. As a result, the generated membrane could have a non-zero per leaflet tension. We investigate the role of the initial stress state on the intercalation of PQS to the OM. Free energy calculation shows that the favorable position of PQS within the membrane would shift significantly by variation of per leaflet tension, which could have important implications on the bilayer-couple model of OMV biogenesis. In addition, we model various PQS analogs to probe the role of different functional groups of PQS on the spontaneous intercalation of this signaling molecule to the membrane.