Father-son Relationship Research Articles

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The early royal family of Baekje was a dual structure of Buyeo clan Onjo-Chogo and Woo clan Biryu-Goi. They caused a political upheaval with the powerful forces around them over the succession to the throne, and as a result, they even carried out a change of royal family. King Chogo consolidated the Woo clan of the Daebang-Michuhol region and took the position of head of the federation for the first time. Afterwards, King Goi deposed King Saban, the grandson of King Chogo, and established the Biryu royal lineage. In this process, King Goi used the military power of the Jin clan, and tried to overcome the problems in the succession process and strengthen the royal authority. However, after King Goi, the failure of China's foreign policy with the county government began to shake the royal power of the Goi dynasty. King Biryu took advantage of this opportunity to lead a political upheaval with the Hae clan and restore the super-ancient kingship. However, as a result of not being able to completely control the Goi power, he had no choice but to hand over the throne to the King of Goi. Afterwards, King Geunchogo completely expelled the Goi forces through political change and established the power of the Chogo kingship. Such a series of historical facts were recorded in the Onjo-Chogo in order to secure the legitimacy of the succession to the throne in the process of compiling the 『Seogi』 during the reign of King Geunchogo. In this process, the throne was arranged in the form of succession in the Biryu-Goi lineage and blood ties, especially the father-son relationship. As a result, the founders of the two lineages, Onjo and Biryu, became brotherly brothers, and the founding tradition was created, which became the source material for the early records of the Baekjebongi.

The child's history of early stance toward parental socialization as a context for emerging moral self: A cascade from infancy to toddlerhood to preschool age.

As interest in early morality has grown, researchers have increasingly focused on young children's moral self, but recent studies have targeted mostly its structure and associations with behavior rather than its developmental origins. Addressing this gap, we followed children, mothers, and fathers in U.S. Midwest from late infancy (16 months old, N = 194, 93 girls, 101 boys), to toddlerhood (3 years old, N = 175, 86 girls, 89 boys), to preschool age (4.5 years old, N = 177, 86 girls, 91 boys). We proposed that moral self at preschool age originates in the second and third years, when the onset of parental control engenders in the child both receptive and adversarial stance toward the parent. In infancy and in toddlerhood, we collected behavioral indications of both stances-positive affect and responsiveness (in toddlerhood, also positive representation of the parent); and defiance and violations of parental prohibition. At preschool age, we measured child moral self in a puppet interview (Kochanska, 2002). For both mother-child and father-child relationships, structural equation modeling supported direct paths from receptive and adversarial stance at age 3 years to higher and lower moral self, respectively, and the expected indirect effects of the child's receptive stance in infancy on moral self, mediated by the receptive or adversarial stance in toddlerhood. The path from toddler-age adversarial stance to lower moral self was present only in father-son relationships. This study highlights the long-term pivotal significance of the child's early stance toward the parent for the formation of moral self. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

THE PROBLEMS OF FATHER AND SON ARE HIGHLIGHTED IN FRANZ KAFKA'’ STORY “THE METAMORPHOSIS”

This article analyzes the father-son relationship in the works of German writer Franz Kafka, and how these relationships are based on the writer’s problems with his own father and are written as an address to his father.

Engaging Vernacular Languages and Cultural Diversity in Producing Laughter in Standup Comedy Shows: Translations of Punchlines in the Subtitles of Jo Koy's Netflix

This study explores the engagement of vernacular languages and the nuances of cultural diversity in the translation of punchlines in standup comedy shows. It examines Jo Koy's Netflix. Jo Koy, an American comedian with a Filipino mother, often associates Filipino English and culturally specific references into his routine and makes humor by relating his cultural background. However, translating humor for a global audience is not easy, especially while keeping the humor impact of vernacular languages. This research focuses on the cultural diversity issues in translating punchlines, and interactions between two different elements: English and Indonesian. It examines subtitles from Jo Koy's comedy show ‘Comin' In Hot’, broadcast on Netflix, and the context: the Hawaiian and Indonesian audience, and the American comedian. The study demonstrates that standup comedy shows address cultural diversity. Hawaii, the similarities between Mexicans and Filipinos, Asian English accents, Jo Koy's mother, Filipino culture, and the father-son relationship are all referred to in the punchlines. Delivery of the punchlines articulates the notion of 'difference' and personal connection. In them, cultural issues rise through place names, customs, beliefs, linguistic culture, characters, and objects. Translation techniques such as compressing, shifting, borrowing and adding are used to reach the audience. When employing these techniques, space limitations, duration, understanding of the audience, and cultural issues play a role. The study suggests that the intersection of language, culture, and translation in global media contribute to a broader understanding of how comedy can transcend linguistic boundaries while retaining its original comedic intent.

Discrepancies in Mate Preferences among Chinese Families between Fathers, Mothers, and Children: A Latent Profile Analysis.

Parents develop their own preferences regarding prospective in-laws, which influence their children's mate selection processes and outcomes. From an evolutionary perspective, fathers, mothers, and their offspring have partially divergent genetic interests, potentially leading to conflicts in mate preferences. Currently, the characteristics of discrepancy profiles in mate preferences within Chinese families and their influencing factors remain unclear. Adopting an individual-centered perspective, this study examined the profiles of discrepancies in mate preferences between fathers, mothers, and children across a diverse set of Chinese families, along with their associations with family relations and evaluations of children. This study recruited 337 complete families. The results revealed three distinct profiles of father-mother mate preference discrepancies in families with sons and four profiles in families with daughters. Additionally, both families with sons and daughters displayed three profiles of discrepancies in parent-child mate preferences. Parental perceptions of marital relationships and their evaluations of children were linked to diverse father-mother discrepancy profiles in both families with sons and daughters. The father-son relationship was associated with the profiles of parent-child discrepancies in families with sons, while maternal evaluations of children and daughters' self-evaluations were related to the profiles of parent-child discrepancies in families with daughters. This study provides insights into understanding the conflict patterns and underlying reasons regarding mate preference between Chinese parents and their children within family settings.

‘A Universal Father and Son Story’? The Representation of Father-Son Relationships in Zach’s Ceremony, In My Blood It Runs, and Robbie Hood

ABSTRACT First Nations boys and men are heavily freighted with colonial stereotypes that give them to be antisocial, drug-addicted, violent, and harmful to their own communities. While men are consistently represented as neglectful or abusive fathers, Aboriginal boys are depicted as potential criminals whose childhood is blighted, and who lack guidance from suitable father figures or male role models. This article addresses three depictions of father-son relationships which engage different strategies for addressing negative stereotypes of Indigenous boys. Aaron Petersen and Alec Doomadgee’s Zach Ceremony (2016) is analysed in terms of its internalisation of settler-colonial problematisations of Indigenous masculinities and over-investment in the male role-model discourse that frames settler disparagement of Aboriginal communities. I then turn to In My Blood It Runs (2019) and Robbie Hood (2019) as examples of representations that articulate more complex and ambivalent navigations of colonial stereotypes and appropriations of ‘Indigenous masculinities’, and that largely avoid and critique settler discourse on Aboriginal boyhood.

Prevalence and Associations of Depression among Saudi College Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Depression affects approximately 350 million individuals globally and is the leading cause of disability. Depression among nursing students is an ongoing issue, yet little is known about the relationship between depression and its risk factors among nursing students in Saudi Arabia. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression among a cohort of Saudi nursing students and to explore the risk factors associated with depression in this group. A cross-sectional design was employed for this study, which was conducted by the nursing faculty at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The researcher sampled 330 nursing students, with 252 students (a 76.3% response rate) randomly selected by the academic advising unit in the nursing college between January and February 2023. The participants completed an online survey based on the Arabic version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The data were analyzed using univariate analysis and backward multi-variable logistic regression. The findings revealed that 65.1% of the participants scored 16 or above on the depression scale, indicating high levels of depressive symptoms. Univariate analysis identified several significant risk factors for depression, including sex (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.16-0.51; p < 0.001), academic pressure (OR, 5.87; 95% CI, 2.04-16.84; p < 0.001), interpersonal relationships (evaluated by balance and harmony in thoughts, emotions, behavior, and interactions with others; categorized as good/fair or poor), and the relationship with the father, which were strongly associated with the presence of depression symptoms. Backward multi-variable logistic regression analysis further revealed that being male, experiencing reduced academic pressure, having stronger father-son relationships, and maintaining positive interpersonal relationships were significantly associated with decreased levels of depression (ORs ranged from 0.25 to 3.94). These findings highlight the need for family and school-based prevention interventions to help nursing students in college avoid depression.

Childhood Neglect and Loneliness: The Unique Roles of Parental Figure and Child Sex.

There is a well-supported link between experiences of childhood neglect and levels of loneliness in adulthood, with emotional neglect from caregivers being predictive of loneliness. However, current research has yet to explore additional, sex-linked factors that influence this relationship. This study investigates the impact of different neglect types on loneliness, with a focus on the parental figure involved and the child's sex. It was hypothesized that men who experienced emotional neglect from their fathers would score higher in loneliness compared to other parent-child combinations. The findings showed no significant differences in father-son relationships within the context of emotional neglect. However, there was a significant difference in father-son relationships in the context of supervision neglect and loneliness outcomes, relative to all other parent combinations. Consistent with existing research, emotional neglect emerged as the strongest predictor of loneliness. Additionally, sex differences were observed, with women experiencing greater levels of loneliness stemming from neglect compared to men. These findings help address the knowledge gap present in childhood neglect research, with the goal of understanding the long-term consequences of adverse childhood experiences.

This is I, Hamlet the Dane: Hamlet and Kingship in Hamlet

Hamlet is Shakespeares most famous play. Scholars have engaged in extensive debates regarding the themes of revenge and procrastination in Hamlet. However, existing research falls short in fully exploring Hamlets thoughts on kingship and his relationship with power. Despite the extensive examination of Hamlets complex character, a more in-depth analysis from this perspective is warranted. This paper, therefore, aims to further explore the connection between Hamlet and political power from three key angles. Firstly, it examines Hamlets reflections on kingship as presented through the drama and his humanistic education. Secondly, it focuses on the political aspects of Hamlets self-generated philosophical musings about life. Lastly, it conducts a deep analysis of the father-son relationship. Through a collective analysis of these three aspects, this research seeks to unravel Hamlets thoughts on kingship and their influence. It reveals how Hamlet himself and significant figures in his life, such as his father and uncle, shape his political ideology and attitudes, as well as how Hamlets self-identity shapes his understanding of kingship issues.

최근 소개된 두 건의 고구려 유민 묘지명 자료

In 2022, two new epitaph materials for Koguryo refugees were introduced in China. These are The epitaph of Lee Inhoe and the epitaph of Mrs. Cheon. Lee Inhoe was a man of Liaoyang and his family was a powerful family from the Liaoxi and Liaodong areas.&#x0D; Lee Inhoe's ancestors directly participated in the Tang's control of Koguryo's old lands, and most likely participated in the Tang's invasion of Koguryo before that. However, it seems that a more cautious approach is needed to directly identify them as being from Koguryo.&#x0D; According to the epitaph of Mrs. Cheon, Mrs. Cheon is the daughter of Cheon Hyuneun and the great-granddaughter of Cheon Heonsung. However, the genealogy of the family differs from the existing data, raising questions. Unlike the existing data showing that Heonsung and Hyuneun were in a father-son relationship, in the epitaph of Mrs. Cheon, Heonsung and Hyuneun appear in a grand-grandson relationship. In addition, her grandfather, Dongje, is a person who has not been confirmed in any known materials related to the Cheon family. Unraveling the background of information confusion will be a future task.

FREUD’S VIEW ON THE ORIGIN OF RELIGION AND ITS CRITICISM ACCORDING TO ‘AQL AND NAQL

The origin of religion is one of the important issues in the philosophy of religion and new theology (kâlâm), which has always been the source of suspicion among some materialists and atheists. The answer to this question determines the identity of religion and reveals its divine or human aspect. From the perspective of God-believing thinkers, religion has a divine origin and has been legislated by God and Prophets for the guidance of people. On the other hand, materialists and atheist philosophers consider religion an estimate of human will, lust, and ignorance, and instead of a heavenly origin, they believe that religion has an earthly origin, and religion cannot be attributed to an origin beyond this material world and material man. Meanwhile, Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) sees the origin of religion in human complexes and instincts, and beyond this, he does not consider any other origin for religion. In this article, with a descriptive-argumentative method and an analytical approach, an attempt is made to investigate and criticize Freud's point of view on the origin of religion. Freud's point of view in terms of reason (‘aql) and inspired transmission (Quranic and hadith principles of Islam, naql) faces some challenges and impasses, such as the inexplicability of the mechanism that instinct of the origin of religion, the mythology of father-son relationship and its uniqueness in Christianity, the irrationality of believing in totemism, ethnic and limited view, as well as Freud's view on the origin of religion. This view conflicts with many Quranic verses and human nature.

The Multiple Layers of "Zainichi" Korean Chinese Diaspora Viewed from a Kaleidoscopic Perspective through the Prism of the Documentary Indelible

Abstract: In this paper, I analyze the documentary Indelible ( Chisuji , 2019), directed by Ryūichi Tsunoda (Seongwoo Kim). Depicting a "Zainichi" Korean Chinese in Japan, the documentary is a personal story of the journey of a man to find his father and, by extension, himself. Although it was produced with a focus on the family, particularly the father-son relationship, it also serves as a valuable historical account, illustrating structural realities in East Asia that continue to create diaspora. I elucidate the historical context of Korean Chinese in Japan and their migration and the difficulty of ascertaining the number of Korean Chinese living in Japan, discussing the connections between Korean diasporic histories across Korea, Japan, and China rooted in imperial occupation. I also explore, through intersectional perspectives, patriarchy, isolation of the elderly, female migration, and multilayered identification. I argue that the documentary serves as a prism through which the complexities of the Korean Chinese diaspora are revealed, not only deepening our understanding of the diaspora's historical trajectory and contemporary challenges but also illuminating the intersection and expansion of the identities of Korean Chinese in Japan.

A Case for Divine Sonship: Jesus as ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ in John 8:42

A prominent theme in the Gospel of John is the Father-Son relationship. Jesus is clearly presented by John as the Son of God. Evangelical interpreters also affirm that the deity of Jesus is taught in John’s Gospel. There has been some debate among interpreters concerning whether or not Jesus’ sonship in the Gospel directly contributes to the understanding of his deity, and if so, how. This article seeks to present a case for divine sonship in Jesus’ language in John 8:42, particularly Jesus’ claim : “I came from God” (ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐξῆλθον). The evidence presented will include linguistic analysis (e.g., patterns in John’s word choices, word meanings, combinations of prepositions and verbs, etc.), contextual analysis, and theological parallels in John’s writings.

The Impact of Parents’ Educational and Occupational Footprints on Children: Evidence From India

This article examines the effects of parents’ educational backgrounds and career preferences on their children’s educational and employment opportunities in India’s various socio-religious groupings. Using information from India’s several National Sample Survey Rounds (2000–2012) and the Periodic Labour Force Survey Round 2018–2019, the article analyses co-resident father–son relationships. This study investigates the impact of a father’s occupational–educational status on the probability of their sons’ getting decent jobs. Additionally, the likelihood of completing a senior secondary and above level of education in relation to the educational backgrounds of the mother and father has been examined. For both occupational and educational attainments, this study uses the discrete choice model along with the logit equation. The findings indicate that the probability of getting jobs in the three mentioned occupations is restricted to sons whose fathers are already employed in similar occupations. In addition, there is a wide spectrum of inequity in access to jobs in these occupations among Socio religious communities. The father’s education has a significant impact on the possibility of receiving the senior secondary and above level of education. This study demonstrates a strong hierarchy across the father’s level of education, occupation, and socio-religious communities. This calls for conscious policy intervention to destabilize such a hierarchy. Communities must get a big push through their own resolve and timely and adequate interventions from the state and non-state actors.

Structural and Exchange Occupational Mobility in India, 1994–2018: A Log-Linear Model- Based Analysis

This article examines intergenerational structural and exchange occupational mobility in India. Using data from India’s multiple National Sample Surveys’ employment and Periodic Labour Force Survey rounds, the study investigates co-resident father-son relationships from 1993–1994 to 2017–2018. It employs a log-linear model with a quasi-symmetry fit—also called an SHD model—to estimate the structural and exchange components of occupational mobility. This work reveals that intergenerational mobility owes considerably to economic structural shifts and that exchange mobility for the larger study period from 1993–1994 to 2011–2012 remains low. However, it also suggests that there has been an increase in exchange occupational mobility in recent survey year (2017–2018). JEL Classification: J62, J24

Communication Gap in Impression Management by Fathers on Their Adolescent Sons

Objectives: Fatherlessness, which refers to the distant relationship between fathers and their children, is a prevalent issue in modern society. Fathers focus more on their roles outside the home to fulfill their responsibilities. Thus fathers have limited time to interact with their children compared to mothers. In addition, as the heads of the family, fathers must maintain their figures, especially with their adolescent sons who are starting to get to know the wider environment.&#x0D; This study aims to investigate how fathers use impression management in their interactions with their adolescent sons.&#x0D; Study design: A study with a subjective interpretation approach was carried out to understand in depth how impression management by fathers is a form of communication that can build interpersonal relationships with their adolescent sons.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Indonesia, from December 2022 to June 2023.&#x0D; Methodology: In-depth interviews were conducted with 7 pairs of fathers (aged 38 to 50 years) and sons (aged 12 to 15 years) who each attended private schools in 7 major cities in Indonesia.&#x0D; Results: Fathers do impression management when interacting with their adolescent sons to maintain their self-image. Fathers manage self-impression as a figure that must be respected through creating a respected image, having similar interests in gender and role models. The implication is that fathers when communicating with their adolescent sons, tend to maintain a quiet condition and create an atmosphere where their adolescent sons should have the same attitude as them. This causes discomfort for their adolescent sons so they prefer to communicate with other people rather than with their fathers.&#x0D; Conclusion: Impression management becomes a communication gap, which in turn creates a distance in father-son relationships.

Parent-child quality of sex-related communication before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Research on parent–child sexual communication has increased in recent years, but we know almost nothing about whether parents correctly perceive the quality of sex-related communication with their children. In the present study, I investigated by longitudinal research whether parents correctly perceive the quality of sex-related communication with their children, whether COVID-19 affects the quality of sex-related communication between parents and children, and the congruence in the perceptions of this quality. The sample comprised 300 Israeli families [triad of mothers, fathers, and one adolescent (39% boys, 61% girls; age 14–18)]. Results indicate that adolescents reported more dysfunctional parent–child communication about sex with their fathers, especially within father-son relationships. Moreover, I found that parent–child congruence was surprisingly high and highly dependent on parents’ and children’s gender and the family’s religiosity. The COVID-19 pandemic positively affected father-child communication, supposedly because of greater paternal involvement. These findings highlight an important and understudied topic in the hope of motivating additional researchers and practitioners to adopt a familial, microsystem perspective on healthy sexual development. This view holds great promise in promoting normal sexual development and decreasing risky sexual behaviors.

Discussing the Relationship between Father and Son, Ruler and Subjects in the Xiaojing: Based on the Dunhuang Manuscripts

It has long been accepted that the ancient Chinese ruler–subjects relationship was a metaphorical extension of the father–son relationship, where loyalty and family reverence were considered synonymous. The Confucian classic the Xiaojing is taken as a significant piece of evidence supporting this view. However, based on the annotated version of the Xiaojing discovered in Dunhuang, it is evident that during the Han Dynasty and the Six Dynasties period, Confucian scholars made clear distinctions between father–son relationships and ruler–subjects relationships. They also made a clear differentiation between the moral connotations of loyalty and family reverence. The father–son relationship is a bond of blood, while the ruler–subjects relationship is a bond of duty and appropriateness, meaning that the ethical requirements for the father–son relationship and ruler–subjects relationship are fundamentally different. Therefore, expressions such as “service to ruler with family reverence is loyalty” does not mean to unify loyalty and family reverence, but means that the governor should select people who have already cultivated the virtue of family reverence to become officials because they have learnt how to show respect in their family life.

Culture of providing psychological assistance taking into account the spiritual heritage of the client (case analysis)

This article is an integral part of a series of articles in which the positive dynamics of psychological work based on Ingush culture and religious values is shown by the example of specific cases of child-parent relations. In the first article of the series "Multicultural approach in psychological counseling: ethno-religious aspect (case analysis)" [1] on the example of father-daughter relations, we described the content of the process of psychological counseling, performed taking into account the ethno-cultural and spiritual characteristics of the client. The second article "Counseling in the cultural and spiritual context of the client (case analysis)" [2] reveals the process of culturally oriented counseling on the example of the father-son relationship. The third article "Ethnic and religious identity as a client's resources in working with a psychologist" [3] describes the process of psychological counseling, taking into account cultural, religious and individual diversity, using the example of the relationship between a spouse and her missing husband. In the fourth article "Cultural and spiritual dimension in psychological counseling (case analysis)" [4], an analysis of a multicultural approach in psychological counseling, which takes into account the ethnic and religious specifics of the client, is given on the example of a specific case of the work of a psychologist sensitive to cultural and spiritual differences with the relationship of mother and daughter. The positive dynamics of psychological work based on the Ingush culture and values of Islam is shown. In the fifth article, an attempt is made to comprehend the experience of a ten-year-old girl saying goodbye to her mother, to understand what helps a person when their loved one leaves this world [5]. This article describes the culture of providing psychological assistance, taking into account the spiritual heritage of the client, using the example of a specific case. The results of the study showed that the multicultural competence of the therapist provides them not only with a high level of the client’s trust, but also a professional approach based on the use of ethno-religious resources in therapeutic work.

터키 문학에 나타난 장르 경계 해체 및 융합 양상 연구

Orhan Pamuk combines different mythological genres into The Red Haired Woman and modernizes traditional themes like the father's absence, submission to and rebellion against the father's authority, and fate in the father-son relationship. The theme of the Greek story Oedipus is “killing a father”, and the Persian myth of Rustem and Shihrab is “murder of a son”, with contrasting motives. The lack of a father unites the two narratives, despite their seeming contradictions. We can witness how the novel is born from the myth as the main character Cem's life crossovers with the myths in various ways. Both novels and myths reflect the universal love-hate relationship between father and son, but what is new is that Pamuk reinterprets motifs such as father-son love, conflicts and death through the main characters of modern novels.