This study examines the corrosion resistance of ultrafine-grained Al0.1CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy processed by high-pressure torsion (HPT), focusing on stored energy, diffusion, and the high-entropy effect. Microstructural analysis revealed a single-phase FCC structure with numerous defects and reduced crystallite size following the HPT process. Samples with higher HPT turns formed high-angle grain boundaries, equiaxed nanograins, and numerous nanotwins, contributing to a notable increase in Vickers microhardness from 159 Hv for the initial sample to 550 Hv after 5 turns of HPT. Corrosion behavior is found to be influenced by stored energy and chromium diffusion. Low HPT turns increased the corrosion rate due to sluggish diffusion of chromium and high stored energy in the form of dislocations. Conversely, corrosion resistance improved with increased HPT turns due to fast diffusion through non-equilibrium grain boundaries and the formation of nanotwins with lower stored energy. These findings suggest that a relatively low entropy plays a critical role in the chromium segregation from the solid solution for forming a passive film and enhancing corrosion resistance.